CN113667036A - Method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan - Google Patents
Method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan Download PDFInfo
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- CN113667036A CN113667036A CN202110918014.1A CN202110918014A CN113667036A CN 113667036 A CN113667036 A CN 113667036A CN 202110918014 A CN202110918014 A CN 202110918014A CN 113667036 A CN113667036 A CN 113667036A
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- chitosan
- tenebrio molitor
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- oxalic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0024—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid beta-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. paramylon, coriolan, sclerotan, pachyman, callose, scleroglucan, schizophyllan, laminaran, lentinan or curdlan; (beta-1,6)-D-Glucans, e.g. pustulan; (beta-1,4)-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)(beta-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. lichenan; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0027—2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-glucans; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/003—Chitin, i.e. 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-(beta-1,4)-D-glucan or N-acetyl-beta-1,4-D-glucosamine; Chitosan, i.e. deacetylated product of chitin or (beta-1,4)-D-glucosamine; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan, which comprises the following steps: soaking tenebrio molitor raw material after extracting protein and grease in proper amount of salicylic acid solution, slowly heating to 40 ℃ in the soaking process, and keeping the temperature; adding 0.3-0.4 mol/L oxalic acid solution, stirring while adding until the white precipitation amount in the solution is not increased any more, and stopping adding the oxalic acid solution; precipitating white precipitate, adding ammonia water solution into the filtered solution, standing for 6 hours, heating to 70 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours; cooling the solution in the step c to 40 ℃, and then adding hydrogen peroxide solution to carry out oxidation decoloration treatment; cooling the solution to 20 ℃, adding catalase, filtering the solution, and finally heating and drying the filtered solution to obtain the chitosan. The chitosan prepared by the invention has good quality and high purity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insect chitosan preparation, and relates to a method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan.
Background
The dry yellow mealworm contains 30% of fat, more than 50% of protein, and also contains macroelements such as phosphorus, potassium, iron, sodium, aluminum and the like and a plurality of trace elements. It has fast reproduction speed, and can be molted during growth, and chitin is contained in the shell. Chitosan is a product of N-deacetylation of chitin, and in general, more than 55% of N-acetyl is removed to be called chitosan. The chitosan has excellent chemical and physical properties, and the oligosaccharide thereof has important biological activity, so that the chitosan can be widely applied to the fields of food industry, medical and health industry, biotechnology, paper making and textile and the like.
At present, the tenebrio molitor chitosan is mainly extracted from shells which are sloughed off by the tenebrio molitor in the growth process, and the shells which are sloughed off by the tenebrio molitor are rarely extracted from fresh tenebrio molitor to prepare chitosan, so that the tenebrio molitor resource is wasted; on the other hand, the amount of extracted chitosan is small, and the actual requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention provides an extraction method of tenebrio molitor chitosan.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan comprises the following steps:
a. raw material treatment: soaking tenebrio molitor raw material after extracting protein and grease in proper amount of salicylic acid solution, slowly heating to 40 ℃ in the soaking process, and keeping the temperature;
b. decalcification treatment: adding 0.3-0.4 mol/L oxalic acid solution into the solution in the step a, stirring while adding until the amount of white precipitate in the solution is not increased any more, and stopping adding the oxalic acid solution;
c. removing oxalic acid: c, separating out white precipitate in the step b, adding an ammonia water solution into the filtered solution, standing for 6 hours, removing redundant oxalic acid in the step b, heating to 70 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and removing redundant ammonia water in the solution;
d. and (3) decoloring treatment: cooling the solution in the step c to 40 ℃, and then adding hydrogen peroxide solution to carry out oxidation decoloration treatment;
e. enzyme treatment: and d, cooling the solution in the step d to 20 ℃, adding catalase, removing redundant hydrogen peroxide in the solution, filtering the solution, and finally heating and drying the filtered solution to obtain the chitosan.
Preferably, the heat preservation time of the solution in the step a is 5-8 hours.
Preferably, the oxidation decoloring time in the step d is 3-5 hours.
Preferably, the solution in step e is filtered by using a protein membrane.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the salicylic acid solution is adopted to remove inorganic salt impurities in the raw materials, and the oxalic acid solution is adopted to carry out decalcification treatment, so that most of calcium can be effectively removed, and the influence of the pH value of the solution on the quality of chitosan is reduced;
(2) according to the method, the ammonia water solution is adopted to neutralize the redundant oxalic acid solution in the decalcification treatment step, and the redundant ammonia water is removed in a heating mode, so that the oxalic acid is effectively removed, and other impurities are not mixed;
(3) the invention adopts a protein membrane filtration method to remove redundant enzyme in the solution, so that the prepared chitosan has good quality and high purity.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are described in conjunction with the following examples, and some parts not described in the present invention can be implemented by using or referring to the existing technologies.
It should be noted that the illustrated structures, ratios, sizes, and the like are only used for matching the disclosure of the present disclosure, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the practical limitations of the present disclosure, and any modifications of the structures, changes of the proportional relationships, or adjustments of the sizes, should fall within the scope of the disclosure without affecting the function and the achievable purpose of the present disclosure.
In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan comprises the following steps:
a. raw material treatment: soaking the tenebrio molitor raw material after protein and grease extraction in a proper amount of salicylic acid solution, slowly heating to 40 ℃ in the soaking process, and keeping the temperature for 6 hours;
b. decalcification treatment: adding 0.35mol/L oxalic acid solution into the solution in the step a, stirring while adding until the white precipitation amount in the solution is not increased any more, and stopping adding the oxalic acid solution;
c. removing oxalic acid: c, separating out white precipitate in the step b, adding an ammonia water solution into the filtered solution, standing for 6 hours, removing redundant oxalic acid in the step b, heating to 70 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and removing redundant ammonia water in the solution;
d. and (3) decoloring treatment: cooling the solution in the step c to 40 ℃, and then adding hydrogen peroxide solution to carry out oxidation and decoloration treatment for 4 hours;
e. enzyme treatment: and d, cooling the solution in the step d to 20 ℃, adding catalase, removing redundant hydrogen peroxide in the solution, filtering the solution by adopting a protein membrane, and finally heating and drying the filtered solution to obtain the chitosan.
Example 2
A method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan comprises the following steps:
a. raw material treatment: adding a proper amount of citric acid solution into the tenebrio molitor raw material subjected to protein and oil extraction for soaking, slowly heating to 40 ℃ in the soaking process, and preserving heat for 3 hours;
b. decalcification treatment: adding 0.3mol/L oxalic acid solution into the solution in the step a, stirring while adding until the white precipitation amount in the solution is not increased any more, and stopping adding the oxalic acid solution;
c. removing oxalic acid: c, separating out white precipitate in the step b, adding an ammonia water solution into the filtered solution, standing for 6 hours, removing redundant oxalic acid in the step b, heating to 70 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and removing redundant ammonia water in the solution;
d. and (3) decoloring treatment: cooling the solution in the step c to 40 ℃, and then adding hydrogen peroxide solution to carry out oxidation and decoloration treatment for 4 hours;
e. enzyme treatment: and d, cooling the solution in the step d to 20 ℃, adding catalase, removing redundant hydrogen peroxide in the solution, filtering the solution by adopting a protein membrane, and finally heating and drying the filtered solution to obtain the chitosan.
Comparative example 1
A method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan comprises the following steps:
a. raw material treatment: soaking the tenebrio molitor raw material after protein and grease extraction in a proper amount of salicylic acid solution, slowly heating to 40 ℃ in the soaking process, and keeping the temperature for 5 hours;
b. decalcification treatment: adding 0.3mol/L oxalic acid solution into the solution in the step a, stirring while adding until the white precipitation amount in the solution is not increased any more, and stopping adding the oxalic acid solution;
c. removing oxalic acid: c, separating out white precipitate in the step b, adding an ammonia water solution into the filtered solution, standing for 6 hours, removing redundant oxalic acid in the step b, heating to 70 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and removing redundant ammonia water in the solution;
d. and (3) decoloring treatment: cooling the solution in the step c to 40 ℃, and then adding hydrogen peroxide solution to carry out oxidation and decoloration treatment for 4 hours;
e. enzyme treatment: and d, cooling the solution in the step d to 20 ℃, adding catalase, removing redundant hydrogen peroxide in the solution, and heating and drying the solution to obtain the chitosan.
Comparative example 2
A method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan comprises the following steps:
a. raw material treatment: adding a proper amount of citric acid solution into the tenebrio molitor raw material subjected to protein and oil extraction for soaking, slowly heating to 40 ℃ in the soaking process, and preserving heat for 6 hours;
b. decalcification treatment: adding 0.7mol/L NaOH solution into the solution obtained in the step a, stirring while adding until the white precipitation amount in the solution is not increased any more, and stopping adding the NaOH solution;
c. removing redundant NaOH: c, separating out white precipitate in the step b, and adding 0.2mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid solution into the filtered solution until the solution is neutral;
d. and (3) decoloring treatment: cooling the solution in the step c to 40 ℃, and then adding hydrogen peroxide solution to carry out oxidation and decoloration treatment for 4 hours;
e. enzyme treatment: and d, cooling the solution in the step d to 20 ℃, adding catalase, removing redundant hydrogen peroxide in the solution, filtering the solution by adopting a protein membrane, and finally heating and drying the filtered solution to obtain the chitosan.
Comparative example 3
A method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan comprises the following steps:
a. raw material treatment: soaking the tenebrio molitor raw material after protein and grease extraction in a proper amount of salicylic acid solution, slowly heating to 40 ℃ in the soaking process, and keeping the temperature for 6 hours;
b. decalcification treatment: adding 0.5mol/L oxalic acid solution into the solution in the step a, stirring while adding until the white precipitation amount in the solution is not increased any more, and stopping adding the oxalic acid solution;
c. removing oxalic acid: c, separating out white precipitate in the step b, adding an ammonia water solution into the filtered solution, standing for 6 hours, removing redundant oxalic acid in the step b, heating to 70 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and removing redundant ammonia water in the solution;
d. and (3) decoloring treatment: cooling the solution in the step c to 40 ℃, and then adding a potassium permanganate solution to carry out oxidation and decoloration treatment for 4 hours;
e. removing redundant potassium permanganate: and d, cooling the solution obtained in the step d to 38 ℃, adding a 1% vitamin C solution, removing redundant potassium permanganate in the solution, filtering the solution by adopting a protein membrane, and finally heating and drying the filtered solution to obtain the chitosan.
Comparative example 4
A method for extracting tenebrio molitor chitosan comprises the following steps:
a. raw material treatment: soaking the tenebrio molitor raw material after protein and grease extraction in a proper amount of salicylic acid solution, slowly heating to 40 ℃ in the soaking process, and keeping the temperature for 6 hours;
b. decalcification treatment: adding 0.35mol/L oxalic acid solution into the solution in the step a, stirring while adding until the white precipitation amount in the solution is not increased any more, and stopping adding the oxalic acid solution;
c. removing oxalic acid: c, separating out white precipitate in the step b, adding an ammonia water solution into the filtered solution, standing for 6 hours, removing redundant oxalic acid in the step b, heating to 70 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and removing redundant ammonia water in the solution;
d. and (3) decoloring treatment: cooling the solution in the step c to 40 ℃, and then adding hydrogen peroxide solution to carry out oxidation and decoloration treatment for 4 hours;
e. drying and purifying treatment: and d, cooling, heating and drying the solution in the step d to obtain the chitosan.
In order to better prove that the method for extracting the tenebrio molitor chitosan provided by the invention has excellent effects, the extraction methods of examples 1 and 2 and comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 are selected to respectively extract the tenebrio molitor chitosan, and the content of the tenebrio molitor chitosan is determined as shown in the table below.
Table 1: results of the performance test of examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 4:
the results show that:
as can be seen from Table 1, the content of the Tenebrio molitor chitosan extracted by the Tenebrio molitor chitosan extraction method of the present invention is higher and better than that of the comparative example. Although the content of the tenebrio molitor chitosan extracted in the comparative example 1 is not much different from that of the tenebrio molitor chitosan extracted in the example 1, compared with the example 1, the comparative example 1 which does not adopt a protein membrane to filter out excessive enzyme in the solution has a lower content of the tenebrio molitor chitosan on one hand, and on the other hand, the excessive enzyme in the comparative example 1 is changed into enzyme dry powder after being dried and mixed into the tenebrio molitor chitosan, so that the purity of the tenebrio molitor chitosan is reduced; therefore, the protein membrane can effectively filter redundant enzyme in the solution, has a good extraction effect, and can help the Tenebrio molitor chitosan to be extracted, thereby achieving better extraction efficiency. Compared with the embodiment 2, the calcium content in the embodiment 2 is 0.05%, the calcium content in the embodiment 2 is 0.3%, the solution is decalcified by NaOH in the embodiment 2, and the solution is decalcified by oxalic acid in the embodiment 2, so that the experiment result shows that the decalcifying effect of the oxalic acid is better, the chitosan extracted by the invention has high purity, and the contents of other components (such as calcium) are less. Compared with the embodiment 1, the comparative example 3 adopts the potassium permanganate solution for oxidation and decoloration treatment, and the embodiment 1 adopts the hydrogen peroxide solution for oxidation and decoloration treatment, so that the same effect can be achieved, the cost for removing the redundant potassium permanganate in the solution by using the vitamin C is higher, and the content of the chitosan obtained after drying is lower. Compared with the embodiment 1, the comparative example 4 has the advantages that the excessive hydrogen peroxide in the decoloring treatment is not treated, the solution is directly dried, the hydrogen peroxide can be decomposed into water and oxygen after being heated, but the hydrogen peroxide can be decomposed only after being heated to 90 ℃, and when the temperature is lower, the hydrogen peroxide is decomposed slowly, so that the hydrogen peroxide removing effect in the comparative example 4 is poor, and the tenebrio molitor chitosan is easily oxidized by the excessive hydrogen peroxide.
The present invention has been described above by way of example, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and any modification or variation made based on the present invention is within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (4)
1. The extraction method of the tenebrio molitor chitosan is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. raw material treatment: soaking tenebrio molitor raw material after extracting protein and grease in proper amount of salicylic acid solution, slowly heating to 40 ℃ in the soaking process, and keeping the temperature;
b. decalcification treatment: adding 0.3-0.4 mol/L oxalic acid solution into the solution in the step a, stirring while adding until the amount of white precipitate in the solution is not increased any more, and stopping adding the oxalic acid solution;
c. removing oxalic acid: c, separating out white precipitate in the step b, adding an ammonia water solution into the filtered solution, standing for 6 hours, removing redundant oxalic acid in the step b, heating to 70 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and removing redundant ammonia water in the solution;
d. and (3) decoloring treatment: cooling the solution in the step c to 40 ℃, and then adding hydrogen peroxide solution to carry out oxidation decoloration treatment;
e. enzyme treatment: and d, cooling the solution in the step d to 20 ℃, adding catalase, removing redundant hydrogen peroxide in the solution, filtering the solution, and finally heating and drying the filtered solution to obtain the chitosan.
2. The method for extracting the tenebrio molitor chitosan according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (b) keeping the temperature of the solution in the step a for 5-8 hours.
3. The method for extracting the tenebrio molitor chitosan according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and d, oxidizing and decoloring for 3-5 hours.
4. The method for extracting the tenebrio molitor chitosan according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and e, filtering the solution in the step e by using a protein membrane.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102050883A (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-11 | 长沙赛邦生物科技有限公司 | Method for extracting chitosan from yellow mealworm shell |
| CN102898544A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-30 | 南京大地冷冻食品有限公司 | Method for extracting chitosan from environment-friendly insects |
| CN104878057A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-09-02 | 山西农业大学 | Large-scale production method for tenebrio molitor chitosan |
| CN105111330A (en) * | 2015-09-19 | 2015-12-02 | 吉林省蚕业科学研究院 | Process utilizing enzymatic removing impurity to prepare tussah pupa skin chitosan |
-
2021
- 2021-08-11 CN CN202110918014.1A patent/CN113667036A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102050883A (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-11 | 长沙赛邦生物科技有限公司 | Method for extracting chitosan from yellow mealworm shell |
| CN102898544A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-30 | 南京大地冷冻食品有限公司 | Method for extracting chitosan from environment-friendly insects |
| CN104878057A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-09-02 | 山西农业大学 | Large-scale production method for tenebrio molitor chitosan |
| CN105111330A (en) * | 2015-09-19 | 2015-12-02 | 吉林省蚕业科学研究院 | Process utilizing enzymatic removing impurity to prepare tussah pupa skin chitosan |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 朴香淑主编: "《天然活性物质在饲料中的应用研究及策略》", 30 November 2012, 中国农业大学出版社 * |
| 窦珍伟等: "黄粉虫中甲壳素和壳聚糖的提取工艺研究", 《山东大学学报(工学版)》 * |
| 陈耀华主编: "《人类健康的金钥匙-壳寡糖》", 31 August 2008, 中国医药科技出版社 * |
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