CN113666685A - Low-hydration-heat high-heat-conductivity radiation-proof concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-hydration-heat high-heat-conductivity radiation-proof concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/0675—Vegetable refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood chips, cork, peat, paper
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00258—Electromagnetic wave absorbing or shielding materials
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/606—Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-hydration-heat high-thermal-conductivity radiation-proof concrete, which relates to the field of building materials and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 420 parts of cement 410-containing materials, 50-60 parts of fly ash, 30-35 parts of limonite powder, 760 parts of river sand-containing materials and 980 parts of modified ceramsite 970-containing materials. The iron ore tailing powder is added into the modified ceramsite raw material, the iron powder is added into the coating material, ferrous glycinate is adsorbed into the modified ceramsite, so that the radiation-proof performance of concrete is better, and meanwhile, under the synergistic effect of various iron element compounds, the effect of enhancing the whole heat-conducting performance of the concrete is realized, the hydration heat of the concrete is easier to transfer to the outside, and meanwhile, the modified ceramic can also absorb the heat generated inside the concrete more quickly, so that the internal and external temperature difference of the concrete is balanced, and the effect of reducing the hydration heat of the concrete is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to low-hydration-heat high-heat-conductivity radiation-proof concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity is also called shielding concrete and radiation-proof concrete. The concrete has large volume weight, has shielding capability to gamma rays, X rays or neutron radiation, and is not easy to be penetrated by radioactive rays. The cementing material is usually Portland cement with low hydration heat, or special cement such as high alumina cement, barium cement, magnesia cement and the like. Barite, magnetite, limonite, waste iron blocks and the like are used as aggregate. The penetration strength of the neutron flux can be weakened by adding substances containing boron, cadmium, lithium and the like. It is often used as a substitute for expensive radio-shielding materials such as lead and steel. Concrete for shielding X-ray, gamma-ray and neutron radiation. It is used for protecting nuclear reactor, particle accelerator, and radioactive isotope equipment in industrial, agricultural and scientific research departments. At present, the construction of concrete engineering in China develops fiercely, and the technique is skillful, and the real-time monitoring technique of its construction back concrete is used extensively, can accurate control concrete construction speed and the accurate safe state of holding its operation phase.
In the prior art, for example, the invention patent with the application number of CN201310702343.8 discloses radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity, which comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 100 parts of cement, 40-50 parts of bentonite, 20-25 parts of water, 20-23 parts of sodium fluosilicate, 10-16 parts of calcium carbonate, 4-9 parts of zirconium oxide, 2-5 parts of silicon dioxide and 0.5-1.5 parts of magnetite.
The anti-radiation concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity is different from common cement concrete, not only has large apparent density and more bound water, but also requires higher thermal conductivity (causing the local temperature rise to be minimum), low thermal expansion coefficient (causing the strain generated by the temperature rise to be minimum), small drying shrinkage rate (causing the temperature difference strain to be minimum), and also requires that the concrete has good homogeneity, cannot allow the defects of cavities, cracks and the like, and has certain structural strength and fire resistance.
Although the radiation protection performance of the concrete is improved by doping the metal substance components into the concrete in the prior art, the addition of the metal substance is not considered to reduce the adhesive property between other components in the concrete, so that the mechanical property of the radiation protection concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity is influenced, and the defect of easy cracking exists, so that the defect of weak radiation protection effect is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity, aiming at the problem that the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity is easy to crack. Specifically, the following technique is used.
The radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity comprises the following components in parts by weight: the cement is used for the cement layer in the weight portion of 420,
50-60 parts of fly ash, 30-35 parts of limonite powder, 750-760 parts of river sand and 980 parts of modified ceramsite; the modified ceramsite is prepared by the following method:
step 1, weighing the raw materials of the modified ceramsite: 5-10 parts of plant fiber, 60-70 parts of iron ore tailing powder, 30-40 parts of clay and 10-25 parts of water;
step 2, drying the plant fibers in the step 1 and grinding the dried plant fibers into powder;
step 3, uniformly stirring and mixing the clay, the iron ore tailing powder and the water in the step 1 and the plant fiber powder in the step 2 into a cluster, and drying at 80-120 ℃;
step 4, crushing the material mixed dough dried in the step 3 into particles with the particle size of 10-20 mm;
step 5, roasting the material mixed particles in the step 3 at 800-;
step 6, weighing ferrous glycinate, dissolving the ferrous glycinate in water, heating to 80 ℃ to prepare a saturated aqueous solution of the ferrous glycinate, putting the ceramsite obtained in the step 5 into the solution, keeping the temperature of 80 ℃ constant, ultrasonically stirring for 30min, taking out, cooling and drying;
step 7, weighing an organic phase change material at the temperature of 30-45 ℃, and heating the organic phase change material to be in a liquid state, wherein the mass ratio of the organic phase change material to the ceramsite in the step 6 is 1.5: 1;
step 8, vacuumizing the ceramsite in the step 6 until the vacuum pressure is over 80KPa, adding the liquid organic phase-change material in the step 7, stirring for 30min, and taking out the ceramsite;
step 9, coating a polymer composite film layer on the ceramsite in the step 8, wherein the polymer composite film layer is composed of epoxy resin, a curing agent and iron powder, and the volume ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent to the iron powder is 12: 12: 1. the curing agent is a curing agent which does not generate adverse effects such as corrosion on the ceramsite, such as a polyamide epoxy resin curing agent.
The invention provides a low-hydration-heat high-thermal-conductivity radiation-proof concrete, which contains a large amount of iron elements and crystal water in limonite, the radiation-proof performance of the concrete is greatly improved by adding the limonite powder, and meanwhile, the effect of reducing the hydration heat of the concrete is good by using limonite powder to replace part of cement, in addition, the components of the low-hydration-heat high-thermal-conductivity radiation-proof concrete also comprise modified ceramsite, the raw material of the modified ceramsite comprises plant fiber, iron ore tailing powder and clay, the plant fiber is dried and ground into powder, the water, the clay and the iron ore tailing are added into the powder, the powder is uniformly stirred and agglomerated, the material mixed agglomeration is dried and crushed into small particles, then the material is mixed with the small particles and roasted into ceramsite, the plant fiber is carbonized in the roasting process, so that a porous structure is formed in the ceramsite, then the ceramsite is placed into 80 ℃ ferrous glycinate aqueous solution for ultrasonic oscillation, and then cooling and drying the mixture to separate out ferrous glycinate and attach the ferrous glycinate to the hole walls of the ceramsite hole channels, putting the ceramsite into the melted liquid organic phase change material, filling the organic phase change material into the ceramsite hole channels in a vacuum environment, taking out the ceramsite, cooling and drying the ceramsite, and then coating the ceramsite by adopting the polymer composite membrane, so that the organic phase change material in the ceramsite hole channels cannot leak when melted, and the ceramsite modified by adopting the method is used as coarse aggregate in the concrete raw material, thereby further reducing the hydration heat of the concrete.
Preferably, in the step 1, the modified ceramsite raw material comprises, by weight, 10 parts of plant fiber, 60 parts of iron ore tailing powder, 40 parts of clay and 20 parts of water.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the step 4 is (1-2): 1: 1 are respectively ground into particles with the particle diameters of 10-12mm, 13-16mm and 17-20 mm.
The graded ingredients are used as the coarse aggregate of the concrete, so that the stacking density of particles can be improved, and the compressive strength of the concrete can be improved.
Preferably, in the step 4, the mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are respectively ground into particles with the particle diameters of 10-12mm, 13-16mm and 17-20 mm.
Grinding into particles with the particle diameters of 10-12mm, 13-16mm and 17-20mm, wherein the mass ratio of the particles is 1: 1: 1, the concrete has better pressure resistance under the condition of not influencing the radiation protection effect of the concrete.
Preferably, the calcination temperature in step 5 is 1100 ℃ for 5 hours.
The baking temperature of the ceramsite is not too low or too high, the strength of the ceramsite is lower when the temperature is too low, and the pore channels inside the ceramsite are blocked and adhered when the temperature is too high.
Preferably, the organic phase change material is dodecanoic acid.
The melting point of the dodecanoic acid is about 40 ℃, and the dodecanoic acid is selected as an organic phase change material, so that the hydration heat of the concrete can be effectively absorbed, and the over-high temperature peak value of the hydration heat of the concrete is avoided.
More preferably, the plant fiber in step 2 is straw.
The straw fiber is long and thin, and when the straw fiber is ground into powder and mixed with other materials to be fired into ceramsite, the ceramsite can obtain a continuous through pore channel, so that heat transfer is facilitated, and the phase-change material can absorb heat in concrete more quickly.
Preferably, the low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity radiation-proof concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 420 parts of cement; 60 parts of fly ash; 35 parts of limonite powder; 760 parts of river sand; 980 parts of modified ceramsite.
Preferably, the preparation method of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity comprises the following steps:
mixing limonite powder, river sand and modified ceramsite, adding 1/2 total amount of water, stirring for 60s, adding cement, fly ash and the rest water, and stirring uniformly to obtain the low hydration heat high thermal conductivity radiation-proof concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the plant fiber powder is added into the modified ceramsite, and then the plant fiber powder is burnt out in the roasting process, so that the prepared ceramsite is in a three-dimensional porous structure, and simultaneously, the porous structure of the ceramsite is utilized to adsorb ferrous glycinate, so that the ratio of metal elements and hydrogen elements in the concrete raw material is increased, and the radiation resistance of the concrete is improved.
2. According to the invention, the organic phase-change material is adsorbed by the porous structure of the ceramsite, and the modified ceramsite is coated after the organic phase-change material is solidified, so that the effect of reducing the hydration heat of the concrete by using the modified ceramsite is realized, and the possibility of generating cracks due to the hydration heat reaction of the concrete is reduced.
3. The invention utilizes limonite powder to replace part of cement, thereby reducing the hydration heat of concrete, meanwhile, the iron ore tailing powder is also added into the modified ceramsite raw material, the iron powder is added into the coating material, ferrous glycinate is adsorbed in the modified ceramsite, the radiation resistance of the concrete is better through the addition of a plurality of iron elements, simultaneously, the effect of enhancing the whole heat conductivity of the concrete is realized under the synergistic action of the iron element compounds, the hydration heat of the concrete is easier to be transferred to the outside, and simultaneously, the modified ceramic can also absorb the heat generated inside the concrete more quickly, thereby balancing the inside and outside temperature difference of the concrete and realizing the effect of reducing the hydration heat of the concrete.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the following examples and comparative examples is prepared by adopting the following method:
mixing limonite powder, river sand and modified ceramsite, adding water with the total amount of 1/2, stirring for 60s, adding cement, fly ash, an expanding agent, an additive and the rest water, and stirring to obtain the low-hydration-heat high-heat-conductivity radiation-proof concrete.
The limonite, iron ore tailings, epoxy resin and curing agent used in the following examples and comparative examples all adopt the following products:
the content of the limonite Fe2O3 is more than or equal to 70 percent, and the content of impurities is less than 0.5 percent.
The epoxy resin used was bisphenol A type epoxy resin (E-44) produced from the ba ling petrochemical.
The curing agent was a polyamide 651 epoxy resin catalyst purchased from Shunhua New materials, Inc., Guangdong.
The iron ore tailings comprise the following chemical components: 263-71% of SiO, 38-6% of Al2O31, 310-20% of Fe2O, 2-5% of CaO, 3-5% of MgO, 25-3% of K2O1, 24-3.5% of Na2O1, 30.01-3% of SO and 0.01-0.02% of Cl; the loss on ignition of the iron ore tailings is 1-3%. The fineness of the iron ore tailings is less than 1.0mm, and the fineness modulus is 1.0-1.4.
The dodecanoic acid was purchased from Nantong Youzhou chemical Co., Ltd, with analytical purity (AR) of not less than 98% and melting point range of 42.0-45.0 ℃.
Example 1
The radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity prepared by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 420 parts of cement; 60 parts of fly ash; 35 parts of limonite powder; 760 parts of river sand; 980 parts of modified ceramsite.
The modified ceramsite is prepared by the following method:
step 1, weighing the raw materials of the modified ceramsite: 10 parts of straw, 60 parts of iron ore tailing powder, 40 parts of clay and 25 parts of water;
step 2, drying the straws in the step 1 and grinding the straws into powder;
step 3, stirring and uniformly mixing the clay and the water in the step 1, the straw powder and the iron ore tailing powder in the step 2, agglomerating, and drying at 80-120 ℃;
step 4, mixing the dried material mixed mass in the step 3 according to the mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are respectively crushed into particles with the particle diameters of 10-12mm, 13-16mm and 17-20 mm;
step 5, roasting the material mixed particles in the step 3 into ceramsite at 1100 ℃, and roasting for 5 hours;
step 6, weighing ferrous glycinate, dissolving the ferrous glycinate in water, heating to 80 ℃ to prepare a saturated aqueous solution of the ferrous glycinate, putting the ceramsite in the step 5 into the solution, ultrasonically stirring for 30min, taking out, cooling and drying;
step 7, weighing dodecanoic acid, heating and melting to be liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the dodecanoic acid to the ceramsite in the step 6 is 1.5: 1;
step 8, vacuumizing the ceramsite in the step 6, adding the liquid organic phase change material in the step 7 under the vacuum condition, stirring for 30min, and taking out the ceramsite;
step 9, coating a polymer composite film layer on the ceramsite taken out in the step 8, wherein the polymer composite film layer is composed of epoxy resin, a curing agent and iron powder, and the volume ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent to the iron powder is 12: 12: 1.
after the low-hydration-heat-high-heat-conductivity radiation-proof concrete prepared in the embodiment is cured for 28 days, the compressive strength is 52.3MPa
Example 2
The preparation method and the raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
The difference lies in that the preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following differences:
in the step 1, weighing the raw materials of the modified ceramsite: 5 parts of straw, 70 parts of iron ore tailing powder, 30 parts of clay and 10 parts of water.
Example 3
The preparation method and the raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
The difference lies in that the preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following differences:
the roasting temperature in the step 5 is 800 ℃, and the roasting time is 4 hours.
Example 4
The preparation method and the raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
The difference lies in that the preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following differences:
the roasting temperature in the step 5 is 1200 ℃, and the roasting time is 6 hours.
Example 5
The preparation method and the raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
The difference lies in that the weight fractions of the components in the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity are as follows: 410 parts of cement; 50 parts of fly ash; 30 parts of limonite powder; 750 parts of river sand; 970 parts of modified ceramsite.
Example 6
The preparation method and the raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
The difference lies in that the preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following differences:
in the step 4, according to the mass ratio of 2: 1: 1 are respectively ground into particles with the particle diameters of 10-12mm, 13-16mm and 17-20 mm.
After the low-hydration-heat-high-heat-conductivity radiation-proof concrete prepared in the embodiment is cured for 28 days, the compressive strength is 47.3 MPa.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method and raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the comparative example are the same as those in example 1.
The difference lies in that the preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following differences:
and 9, coating a polymer composite film layer on the ceramsite in the step 8, wherein the polymer composite film layer is composed of epoxy resin and a curing agent, namely the raw material of the polymer composite film layer does not contain iron powder.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method and raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the comparative example are the same as those in example 1.
Except that the raw material of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity does not contain limonite powder.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method and raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the comparative example are the same as those in example 1.
The difference lies in that the preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following differences:
step 1, weighing raw materials of modified ceramsite: 5-10 parts of plant fiber, 60-70 parts of iron ore tailing powder, 30-40 parts of clay and 10-25 parts of water, namely the raw material of the modified ceramsite does not contain the iron ore tailing powder.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method and raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the comparative example are the same as those in example 1.
The difference lies in that the preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following differences:
step 1 is that the raw materials of the modified ceramsite replace plant fiber powder (straws) with starch, and step 2 is omitted.
Comparative example 5
The preparation method and raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the comparative example are the same as those in example 1.
The difference lies in that the preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following differences:
step 6 is omitted, and the adsorption of ferrous glycinate in the pore channels of the modified ceramsite is not carried out.
Comparative example 6
The preparation method and raw materials of the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity provided by the comparative example are the same as those in example 1.
The difference is that the modified ceramsite in the low-hydration-heat-high-heat-conductivity radiation-proof concrete raw material is replaced by the crushed stone, and the particle size of the crushed stone is the same as that of the ceramsite in the embodiment 1.
Experimental example: performance test of low-hydration-heat high-heat-conductivity radiation-proof concrete
1. Test of radiation protection Property
The low-hydration-heat-high-heat-conductivity radiation-proof concrete prepared in the examples 1-6 and the comparative examples 1-6 is put into a curing room for curing, after the specified curing time is reached, the concrete test block prepared by the experimental group is subjected to performance test according to relevant standard regulations and test methods in GB/T34008-once 2017 radiation-proof concrete, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 radiation protection Performance test Table
As can be seen from the above table, the modified ceramsite and the limonite powder play an important role in the radiation protection performance of the concrete, and then the iron element is added into the modified ceramsite to serve as a raw material to improve the protection capability of the concrete on gamma rays, and the hydrogen element is added into the modified ceramsite to improve the protection capability of the concrete on neutron rays.
2. Internal and external temperature difference test of concrete
The poured radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity is continuously detected within 7 days according to GB/T50108 'underground engineering waterproof technical regulation', the maximum temperature difference inside and outside the concrete and the maximum temperature inside the concrete are tested, and the result is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 temperature data table for radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity
| Maximum temperature difference deg.C | Maximum temperature C | |
| Example 1 | 18 | 45 |
| Example 2 | 19.5 | 45.8 |
| Example 3 | 18 | 45.3 |
| Example 4 | 20.5 | 47 |
| Example 5 | 19.8 | 45.5 |
| Example 6 | 18.2 | 45.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 23 | 48 |
| Comparative example 2 | 23.5 | 50 |
| Comparative example 3 | 23.2 | 48.2 |
| Comparative example 4 | 21.5 | 46.8 |
| Comparative example 5 | 22 | 47 |
| Comparative example 6 | 28.5 | 52 |
As shown in the above table 2, the adsorption of the organic phase change material by the modified ceramsite has an important effect on reducing the hydration heat of the concrete, and the addition of the metal element into each component of the concrete is beneficial to the heat transfer.
The modified ceramsite through porous structure enables the organic phase change material to have better fluidity in a pore channel and is beneficial to the organic phase change material to absorb heat, the iron powder is added into the polymer composite membrane, so that the polymer composite membrane does not influence the heat transfer of hydration heat when the modified ceramsite is encapsulated, and simultaneously, ferrous glycinate in the pore channel can also promote the heat transfer.
Through the limonite powder in the concrete, the hydration heat produced in the concrete curing process can be rapidly transferred to the outside on the one hand, and the setting of the modified ceramsite on the other hand can also absorb the heat inside the concrete, so that the effects of reducing the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete and the temperature inside the concrete are achieved, and the concrete is prevented from cracking in the early curing process.
Claims (9)
1. The radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 420 parts of cement 410, 50-60 parts of fly ash, 30-35 parts of limonite powder, 760 parts of river sand and 980 parts of modified ceramsite;
the modified ceramsite is prepared by the following method:
step 1, weighing the raw materials of the modified ceramsite: 5-10 parts of plant fiber, 60-70 parts of iron ore tailing powder, 30-40 parts of clay and 10-25 parts of water;
step 2, drying the plant fibers in the step 1 and grinding the dried plant fibers into powder;
step 3, uniformly stirring and mixing the clay, the iron ore tailing powder and the water in the step 1 and the plant fiber powder in the step 2 into a cluster, and drying at 80-120 ℃;
step 4, crushing the material mixed dough dried in the step 3 into particles with the particle size of 10-20 mm;
step 5, roasting the material mixed particles in the step 3 at 800-;
step 6, weighing ferrous glycinate, dissolving the ferrous glycinate in water, heating to 80 ℃ to prepare a saturated aqueous solution of the ferrous glycinate, putting the ceramsite obtained in the step 5 into the solution, keeping the temperature of 80 ℃ constant, ultrasonically stirring for 30min, taking out, cooling and drying;
step 7, weighing an organic phase change material at the temperature of 30-45 ℃, and heating the organic phase change material to be in a liquid state, wherein the mass ratio of the organic phase change material to the ceramsite in the step 6 is 1.5: 1;
step 8, vacuumizing the ceramsite in the step 6 until the vacuum pressure is over 80KPa, adding the liquid organic phase-change material in the step 7, stirring for 30min, and taking out the ceramsite;
step 9, coating a polymer composite film layer on the ceramsite in the step 8, wherein the polymer composite film layer is composed of epoxy resin, a curing agent and iron powder, and the volume ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent to the iron powder is 12: 12: 1.
2. the radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified ceramsite raw material in step 1 comprises, by weight, 10 parts of plant fiber, 60 parts of iron ore tailing powder, 40 parts of clay and 20 parts of water.
3. The radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of (1-2) in step 4: 1: 1 are respectively ground into particles with the particle diameters of 10-12mm, 13-16mm and 17-20 mm.
4. The radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step 4, the weight ratio of the concrete to the concrete is 1: 1: 1 are respectively ground into particles with the particle diameters of 10-12mm, 13-16mm and 17-20 mm.
5. The radiation protective concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the baking temperature in step 5 is 1100 ℃ for 5 hours.
6. The radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high thermal conductivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the preparation method of the modified ceramsite, the organic phase change material in the step 7 is dodecanoic acid.
7. The radiation-proof concrete with low hydration heat and high heat conductivity as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plant fiber in step 1 is straw.
8. The preparation method of the low hydration heat high thermal conductivity radiation protection concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the low hydration heat high thermal conductivity radiation protection concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 420 parts of cement; 60 parts of fly ash; 35 parts of limonite powder; 760 parts of river sand; 980 parts of modified ceramsite.
9. The preparation method of the low hydration heat high thermal conductivity radiation protection concrete of claim 8 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing limonite powder, river sand and modified ceramsite, adding 1/2 total amount of water, stirring for 60s, adding cement, fly ash and the rest water, and stirring uniformly to obtain the low hydration heat high thermal conductivity radiation-proof concrete.
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