CN110950584B - Silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-150 parts of modified volcanic ash, 70-100 parts of silica fume, 80-120 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of sand, 600 parts of stone 400-containing materials, 80-120 parts of alkali silicate solution and 10-30 parts of rubber powder. The invention firstly proposes that the fly ash is partially replaced by the modified volcanic ash, and the obtained geopolymer concrete can further improve the problems of large shrinkage, large brittleness, insufficient durability and the like of the geopolymer concrete based on the traditional fly ash on the basis of ensuring excellent mechanical property and workability, and can provide a brand new thought for the research and application of the high-performance polymer concrete; and the resource utilization of the low-activity volcanic ash can be effectively realized, and the method has important economic and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The geopolymer is a novel concrete prepared by utilizing a cementing material, is one of the best substitutes of common silicate-based materials due to the advantages of good compression strength, breaking strength, acid and alkali erosion resistance and the like, and has wide application prospect. At present, the research direction of geopolymers mainly focuses on fly ash geopolymer materials, but the fly ash geopolymer materials have large brittleness, poor crack resistance and insufficient frost resistance and impermeability; at present, the fly ash resource is no longer a waste resource, and is unbalanced by the national environment protection situation and supply and demand relations, so that the fly ash has become a scarce resource in the building industry.
The Yili area of Xinjiang has abundant volcanic ash mineral resources, and a plurality of polysilicon smelting plants are arranged in the Yining county area, so that the silica ash resources are abundant. Although pozzolans have potential pozzolanic activity, stable SiO in pozzolans2More crystals and low activity, which causes the problems of poor reaction activity with other substances at normal temperature and the like, and influences the recycling application effect. Therefore, the further exploration of the efficient application of the volcanic ash in the geopolymer concrete has important research significance and environmental benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete aiming at the defects in the prior art, the volcanic ash and the silica fume are applied to the preparation of the geopolymer concrete, the obtained geopolymer concrete can show excellent mechanical property, crack resistance, acid resistance, corrosion resistance and durability, the related preparation process is simple, the resource utilization of the volcanic ash and the like can be effectively realized, and the invention has important economic and environmental benefits.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-150 parts of modified volcanic ash, 70-100 parts of silica fume, 80-120 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of sand, 600 parts of stone 400-containing materials, 80-120 parts of alkali silicate solution and 10-30 parts of rubber powder.
In the scheme, the preparation method of the modified volcanic ash comprises the following steps:
1) thermally exciting the volcanic ash: heating the volcanic ash to 700-800 ℃, calcining for 45-50h, and cooling to room temperature;
2) adding the powder obtained in the step 1) into a PM4L planetary ball mill for ball milling until the surface area is more than 500m2And/kg, taking out to obtain the modified volcanic ash.
In the scheme, the volcanic ash is high-aluminum volcanic ash and Al thereof2O3The content is more than 20 wt%, and the density is 1.50-2.50g/cm3The specific surface area is 350-400m2/kg。
In the above schemeSiO of the silica fume2The content is more than 90 wt%, and the density is 2.0-2.80g/cm3The specific surface area is 18000-21000m2/kg。
In the scheme, the fly ash is II-grade fly ash, the residue rate of the fly ash passing through a 45-micrometer square-hole sieve is 15-25%, and the density is 2.0-3.0g/cm3。
In the scheme, the sand grain composition is sand in the area I, the fineness modulus of the sand is 2.3-3.0, and the apparent density is 1.5-2.5g/cm3The content of sludge is 2 wt% or less.
In the scheme, the stones are pebbles, and the grading of the pebbles is 5-20mm continuous grain size.
In the scheme, the alkali silicate solution is NaOH and Na2SiO3The mixed solution of (1), wherein the concentration of NaOH is 16-18mol/L, Na2SiO3The concentration of (b) is 5-8 mol/L.
In the scheme, the rubber powder is fine rubber powder with the fineness of 80-200 meshes, which is obtained by crushing waste tires.
The preparation method of the silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, wherein the raw materials and the weight parts of the raw materials comprise: 80-150 parts of modified volcanic ash, 70-100 parts of silica fume, 80-120 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of sand, 600 parts of stone 400-containing sand, 80-120 parts of alkali silicate solution and 10-30 parts of rubber powder;
2) adding the weighed volcanic ash, silica fume, fly ash, sand and stone into alkali silicate solution, mixing to obtain a concrete mixture with certain fluidity, filling the concrete mixture into a test mold, heating for maintenance, demolding, and then performing room-temperature maintenance to obtain the silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete.
In the scheme, the heating and maintaining temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the time is 22-26 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the volcanic ash is modified by combining thermal excitation and ball milling means, and SiO in the volcanic ash can be effectively destroyed2、Al2O3The crystal is stabilized and the activity of the volcanic ash is excited, so that the resource utilization of the low-activity volcanic ash can be effectively realized.
2) The invention firstly proposes that the volcanic ash and the silica fume partially replace the fly ash, and the compact three-dimensional network structure formed by the obtained geopolymer concrete can further improve the problems of shrinkage, easy surface sedimentation, insufficient durability and the like of the traditional fly ash-based geopolymer concrete on the basis of ensuring excellent mechanical property and workability, thereby providing a brand new thought for the research and application of the high-performance polymer concrete.
3) The alkali silicate solution adopted by the invention can further excite potential active ingredients in the volcanic ash while promoting the cracking of the active ingredients, and can effectively improve the interface performance between the rubber powder and the concrete, so that a volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete system forms a compact network structure with excellent mechanical properties and durability, the performances such as strength, crack resistance and the like are effectively considered, and the applicability is wide.
4) The raw materials adopted by the invention have wide sources and low cost, and the related preparation method is simple and environment-friendly, and has important economic and environmental benefits.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the following examples, the pozzolan is a high alumina pozzolanic material in Ili's locality and has a density of 2.3g/cm3The specific surface area is 370m2Per kg; the main chemical components are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 pozzolan chemical composition analysis/%
The silica fume used is silica fume of local encryption in Yining county, SiO thereof2The content reaches 90.56 wt%, and the density is 2.12g/cm3The specific surface area is 18300m2Per kg; the fly ash adopted is II-grade fly ash, the residue rate of the fly ash passing through a 45-micron square-hole sieve is 23.4 percent, and the density is 2.4g/cm3(ii) a The sand and stone are river sand and pebbles in Yili local area, the fineness modulus of the river sand is 3.0, and the apparent density is 1.74g/cm3The mud content is below 2%, and the pebbles are 5-20mm continuous graded pebbles. The rubber powder is fine rubber powder with the fineness of 95 meshes, which is obtained by crushing waste tires.
In the following examples, the shrinkage is tested by a non-contact method, the geopolymer concrete is uniformly mixed and poured into a test mould of a concrete shrinkage deformer, and the early-age shrinkage value of the concrete is measured after the geopolymer concrete is placed for 3 days; the crack resistance is measured by uniformly mixing geopolymer concrete, pouring the mixture into a flat plate with the thickness of 800mm multiplied by 600mm multiplied by 100mm, placing a fan on a concrete parallel surface after molding for 30min, introducing the wind speed of 5m/s, and observing and measuring after 24 h.
Example 1
The preparation method of the silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified volcanic ash: firstly, putting volcanic ash into a high-temperature furnace, heating to 750 ℃, calcining for 48 hours, and cooling to room temperature; adding the obtained powder into a PM4L planetary ball mill for ball milling until the specific surface area of the powder is more than 500m2/kg；
2) The raw materials are weighed according to the mixture ratio, and the raw materials comprise, by weight, 100 parts of modified volcanic ash, 82 parts of silica fume, 90 parts of fly ash, 50 parts of sand, 500 parts of stone and 110 parts of alkali silicate solution (wherein the concentration of NaOH is 18mol/L, and Na is2SiO3The concentration of (1) is 6mol/L), 20 parts of rubber powder;
3) and uniformly stirring the weighed raw materials to form fluid concrete with better workability, filling the fluid concrete into a mold, curing the fluid concrete at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 24 hours, then demolding, and curing the fluid concrete at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the geopolymer concrete test piece.
Example 2
The preparation method of the silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified volcanic ash: firstly, putting volcanic ash into a high-temperature furnace, heating to 750 ℃, calcining for 48 hours, and cooling to room temperature; adding the obtained powder into a PM4L planetary ball mill for ball milling until the specific surface area of the powder is more than 500m2/kg；
2) The raw materials are weighed according to the mixture ratio, and the raw materials comprise, by weight, 130 parts of modified volcanic ash, 85 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of fly ash, 50 parts of sand, 600 parts of stone and 120 parts of alkali silicate solution (wherein the concentration of NaOH is 18mol/L, Na is added2SiO3The concentration of (2) is 6mol/L), 15 parts of rubber powder;
3) and uniformly stirring the weighed raw materials to form fluid concrete with better workability, filling the fluid concrete into a mold, curing the fluid concrete at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 24 hours, then demolding, and curing the fluid concrete at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the geopolymer concrete test piece.
Example 3
The preparation method of the silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified volcanic ash: preparing modified volcanic ash: firstly, putting volcanic ash into a high-temperature furnace, heating to 750 ℃, calcining for 48 hours, and cooling to room temperature; adding the obtained powder into a PM4L planetary ball mill for ball milling until the specific surface area of the powder is more than 500m2/kg；
2) The raw materials are weighed according to the mixture ratio, and the raw materials comprise, by weight, 110 parts of modified volcanic ash, 90 parts of silica fume, 120 parts of fly ash, 40 parts of sand, 500 parts of stone and 100 parts of alkali silicate solution (wherein the concentration of NaOH is 18mol/L, and Na is2SiO3The concentration of (3) is 6mol/L), and 25 parts of rubber powder;
3) and uniformly stirring the weighed raw materials to form fluid concrete with better workability, filling the fluid concrete into a mold, curing the fluid concrete at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 24 hours, then demolding, and curing the fluid concrete at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the geopolymer concrete test piece.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the fly ash-based geopolymer concrete comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, wherein the raw materials and the weight portions of the raw materials are as follows: 190 portions of fly ash and silica fume82 parts of sand 50 parts, stone 500 parts and alkali silicate solution 110 parts (wherein the concentration of NaOH is 18mol/L, Na2SiO3The concentration of (1) is 6mol/L), 20 parts of rubber powder;
2) and uniformly stirring the weighed raw materials to form fluid concrete with better workability, filling the fluid concrete into a mold, curing the fluid concrete at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 24 hours, then demolding, and curing the fluid concrete at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the geopolymer concrete test piece.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete comprises the following steps:
1) the raw materials are weighed according to the mixture ratio, and the raw materials comprise, by weight, 100 parts of volcanic ash, 82 parts of silica fume, 90 parts of fly ash, 50 parts of sand, 500 parts of stone and 110 parts of alkali silicate solution (wherein the concentration of NaOH is 18mol/L, and Na is2SiO3The concentration of (1) is 6mol/L), 20 parts of rubber powder;
2) and uniformly stirring the weighed raw materials to form fluid concrete with better workability, filling the fluid concrete into a mold, curing the fluid concrete at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 24 hours, then demolding, and curing the fluid concrete at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the geopolymer concrete test piece.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified volcanic ash: firstly, putting volcanic ash into a high-temperature furnace, heating to 750 ℃, calcining for 48 hours, and cooling to room temperature; adding the obtained powder into a PM4L planetary ball mill for ball milling until the specific surface area of the powder is more than 500m2/kg；
2) The raw materials are weighed according to the mixture ratio, and the raw materials comprise, by weight, 100 parts of modified volcanic ash, 82 parts of silica fume, 90 parts of fly ash, 50 parts of sand, 500 parts of stone and 110 parts of alkali silicate solution (wherein the concentration of NaOH is 18mol/L, and Na is2SiO3The concentration of (2) is 6 mol/L);
3) and uniformly stirring the weighed raw materials to form fluid concrete with better workability, filling the fluid concrete into a mold, curing the fluid concrete at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 24 hours, then demolding, and curing the fluid concrete at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the geopolymer concrete test piece.
The geopolymer concrete obtained in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were subjected to tests of mechanical properties, acid and alkali resistance, durability and the like, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance test results of geopolymer concretes obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3
The above results show that: the geopolymer concrete obtained by utilizing the improved volcanic ash can show excellent mechanical properties, can further improve the contractility, impermeability and durability, and can provide a brand new thought for the preparation of high-performance geopolymer concrete.
The above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Other variants and modifications of the invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art and can be made on the basis of the above description, are not necessary or exhaustive for all embodiments, and are therefore within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-150 parts of modified volcanic ash, 70-100 parts of silica fume, 80-120 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of sand, 600 parts of stone 400-containing sand, 80-120 parts of alkali silicate solution and 10-30 parts of rubber powder;
the preparation method of the modified volcanic ash comprises the following steps:
1) thermally exciting the volcanic ash: heating the volcanic ash to 700-800 ℃, calcining for 45-50h, and cooling to room temperature;
2) ball-milling the powder obtained in the step 1) until the surface area is more than 500m2The modified volcanic ash is obtained after the raw materials are subjected to the treatment of the pressure and the pressure;
the alkali silicate solution is NaOH and Na2SiO3The mixed solution of (1).
2. The silica fume/pozzolan-based geopolymer concrete of claim 1, wherein the pozzolan is a high-aluminum pozzolan whose Al is2O3The content is more than 20 wt%, and the density is 1.50-2.50g/cm3The specific surface area is 350-400m2/kg。
3. The silica fume/pozzolan-based geopolymer concrete of claim 1, wherein the SiO of the silica fume2The content is more than 90 wt%, and the density is 2.0-2.80g/cm3The specific surface area is 18000-21000m2/kg。
4. The silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fly ash is class II fly ash having a retention of 15-25% by sieve through a 45 μm square mesh sieve and a density of 2.0-3.0g/cm3。
5. The silica fume/pozzolan-based geopolymer concrete according to claim 1, wherein the sand grain composition is sand in zone i, the sand fineness modulus is 2.3 to 3.0, and the apparent density is 1.5 to 2.5g/cm3The mud content is below 2%.
6. The silica fume/pozzolan-based geopolymer concrete of claim 1, wherein the stone is pebbles, and the pebble size distribution is 5-20mm continuous size fraction.
7. The silica fume/pozzolan-based geopolymer concrete of claim 1, wherein the alkali silicate solution has a NaOH concentration of 16 to 18mol/L and Na2SiO3The concentration of (b) is 5-8 mol/L.
8. The silica fume/pozzolan-based geopolymer concrete according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of the rubber powder is 80-200 mesh.
9. The method for preparing the silica fume/pozzolan based geopolymer concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, wherein the raw materials and the weight parts of the raw materials comprise: 80-150 parts of modified volcanic ash, 70-100 parts of silica fume, 80-120 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of sand, 600 parts of stone 400-containing sand, 80-120 parts of alkali silicate solution and 10-30 parts of rubber powder;
2) adding the weighed modified volcanic ash, silica fume, fly ash, sand, stone and rubber powder into alkali silicate solution, mixing to obtain a concrete mixture with certain fluidity, filling the concrete mixture into a test mold, heating, curing, demolding and curing at room temperature to obtain the silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete.
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