CN113666504A - Anaerobic/aerobic constructed wetland combined system and method for strengthening treatment of low C/N ratio sewage - Google Patents
Anaerobic/aerobic constructed wetland combined system and method for strengthening treatment of low C/N ratio sewage Download PDFInfo
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- C02F3/307—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by direct conversion of nitrite to molecular nitrogen, e.g. by using the Anammox process
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anaerobic/aerobic constructed wetland combined system and a method for strengthening treatment of sewage with low C/N ratio; the combined system comprises a sedimentation tank, a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a reflux tank which are sequentially arranged; the sedimentation tank is provided with a water outlet pump, and the backflow tank is provided with a backflow pump. The effluent of the sedimentation tank is pumped into the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland by a water outlet pump through a water outlet pipe, after the water is uniformly distributed in the water distribution area, the effluent is guided to a guide plate and enters a matrix layer, and the sewage in the water storage area is sent to a water distribution pipe through the water outlet pipe to be uniformly distributed in the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland; after the sewage enters the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, the sewage flows into a backflow tank in a water storage area through a substrate layer by using a water level control valve, and is pumped into the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland by a backflow pump so as to perform denitrification. The equipment has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, low cost, easy operation, capability of realizing synchronous decarburization and nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the like, and the effluent recycling improves the treatment performance of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anaerobic/aerobic constructed wetland combined system (HSSF-VSSF) and a method for synchronously removing carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from sewage with a low carbon-nitrogen ratio. Belongs to the field of water pollution control.
Background
Although the traditional biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal way plays a certain role in the sewage treatment process, a plurality of bottlenecks still exist. Such as: the complete conversion of ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen consumes a large amount of dissolved oxygen in water, so that the aeration cost is increased; the treatment of the sewage with low C/N ratio or the sewage with high carbon nitrogen phosphorus needs to depend on an external organic carbon source to improve the pollutant removal efficiency; the aerobic biological phosphorus removal process increases power consumption and can generate a large amount of excess sludge; the whole treatment process has the advantages of longer flow, large occupied area, high investment cost and the like.
In recent years, although several novel biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes have low energy consumption, carbon source saving, small sludge yield and small occupied area, the requirements on the water quality condition of sewage are strict, the structure and operation of treatment equipment are complex, the commissioning cost is still very high, the biological holding capacity of the system is low, the operation is unstable, the process is easily influenced by the change of the external environment, functional microorganisms in the system are easily influenced mutually, and the pollutant treatment performance is low. The artificial wetland has attracted wide attention as a novel sewage treatment process developed in the last 70 th century, and is gradually developed into a novel practical technology. But the construction area is large, the removal load of nitrogen and phosphorus is low, and the like, and the single-stage artificial wetland system is difficult to meet the requirement of deep purification of sewage. The traditional secondary treatment process has the defects of high energy consumption, high operation cost, high investment and construction cost and the like, so the traditional process flow is improved and a new technology is researched. Microbial nitrification/denitrification is generally considered to be the main pathway for denitrification in artificial wetlands. In view of this, in the related research, the nitrification/denitrification of the enhanced system is once considered to be the most effective measure for improving the denitrification effect of the artificial wetland. The enhancement of the nitrification/denitrification in the constructed wetland can be realized by regulating and controlling the concentration and distribution of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and an organic carbon source in the system, and further the denitrification performance of the system can be influenced. Researches show that the concentration and distribution of DO in the artificial wetland system can be optimized mainly by measures of improving the system structure and the operation mode, establishing a wetland combination system, optimizing wetland plants and the like, and the concentration and distribution of organic carbon sources in the artificial wetland system can be optimized mainly by measures of improving the system water inlet mode, filling denitrification fillers, optimizing wetland plants and the like.
The artificial wetland system implemented by the strengthening measures still has no ideal denitrification effect on the wastewater, and the implementation of the strengthening measures also causes the increase of the construction and operation cost and the increase of the occupied area of the wetland system. Therefore, researchers try to change the traditional microbial denitrification way in the artificial wetland through certain technical means and regulation measures, and further relieve the restriction on the denitrification effect of the artificial wetland.
With the continuous and deep idea of energy conservation, emission reduction and ecological treatment, the novel multi-stage combined artificial wetland for treating sewage with low C/N ratio and synchronously removing carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, the sewage treatment system for realizing stable operation, high efficiency and low cost treatment performance becomes an inevitable approach for the development of sewage carbon and nitrogen removal ecological treatment. Different types of artificial wetland systems are compounded, and respective advantageous treatment performances are connected in series, so that the sewage is intensively treated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a sewage treatment system consisting of a sedimentation tank, a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF), a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF) and a reflux tank. The horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF) adopts a perforated pipe for water distribution, and gravels are respectively filled at the front end and the rear end of the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland to serve as a water distribution area and a water storage area. A guide plate is arranged among the water distribution area, the matrix packing layer and the water storage area to distribute water uniformly, and then the water is pushed to flow to the water outlet end of the wetland horizontally. A return pipe is arranged at the water inlet end of the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF) and is connected with a return pump in the return tank. Herbaceous plants with strong oxygen secretion capability of root systems such as reed and the like are planted in the wetland. The surface of the perforated pipe for the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF) is uniformly distributed with water, and the effluent utilizes the effluent water level regulating pipe to create an immersed area and a non-immersed area in the matrix layer of the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF). The reflux pump is arranged in the reflux pool, and the effluent (nitrified liquid) of the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF) can be refluxed into the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF) to strengthen the denitrification capability of the VSSF. The reflux ratio can be controlled by a reflux pump flow. Sewage and reflux nitrifying liquid are respectively pumped into a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF) from a sedimentation tank and a reflux tank by a metering pump. In order to prevent the impact of the rainstorm on the system in rainy season, the system is provided with an overflow pipe, and when the rainstorm causes overlarge hydraulic load, sewage can directly flow away from the overflow pipe so as to protect the sewage treatment system from the impact.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an anaerobic/aerobic constructed wetland combined system for strengthening treatment of sewage with low C/N ratio; the device comprises a sedimentation tank, a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a reflux tank which are sequentially arranged; the sedimentation tank is provided with a water outlet pump, and the backflow tank is provided with a backflow pump.
The combination system described; overflow pipes are arranged on the sedimentation tank, the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the reflux tank.
The combination system described; the length-width ratio of the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland is 3: 1-2: 1, and the substrate layer comprises from top to bottom: a river sand layer, a composite matrix layer and a gravel layer; the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland is sequentially provided with a water inlet pipe, a water distribution area, a guide plate, a water storage area and a water outlet pipe.
The combination system described; the height of the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is more than or equal to 60cm, the matrix filler layer is divided into three layers from top to bottom: a river sand layer, a multifunctional composite packing layer and a gravel layer; the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is sequentially provided with a water distribution pipe, a matrix layer, a water storage area and a water level adjusting pipe.
The combined system of the invention is utilized to carry out the anaerobic/aerobic method for strengthening the treatment of the sewage with low C/N ratio; the effluent of the sedimentation tank is pumped into the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland by a water outlet pump through a water outlet pipe, after the water is uniformly distributed in the water distribution area, the effluent is guided to a guide plate and enters a matrix layer, and the sewage in the water storage area is sent to a water distribution pipe through the water outlet pipe to be uniformly distributed in the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland; after the sewage enters the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, the sewage flows into a backflow tank in a water storage area through a substrate layer by using a water level control valve, and is pumped into the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland by a backflow pump so as to perform denitrification.
The reflux pump controls the water outlet rate of the effluent reflux liquid, and different effluent reflux ratios in the wetland are realized.
When the system is subjected to heavy rain impact or large hydraulic load, the impact resistance of the system can be reduced by using the respective overflow pipes of the sedimentation tank, the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the reflux tank.
In the operation process of the device, a substrate (low-carbon-nitrogen ratio sewage or high-carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus sewage) in a sedimentation tank is pumped into a water inlet of a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF) by a water inlet pump, the effluent enters a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF) after horizontally flowing through a substrate layer, the effluent enters a reflux tank by utilizing an effluent water level regulating pipe, and the effluent returns to the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF) by a reflux pump. During the operation of the equipment, some pollutant indexes such as COD, BOD and NH4 +-N、NO3 --N、NO2 --N、PO4 3-P, TN and TP can reflect the sewage treatment effect and running state of the invention, and the pollution removal condition and the change condition with the control condition can be judged from the macroscopic view by monitoring. NH (NH)4 +-N、NO3 --N、NO2 --N, TN and N2O can reflect the removal capacity and the migration and transformation path of nitrogen in the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF).
In the invention, sewage flows through the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland and the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland in sequence, effluent flows back to the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, and aerobic Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB), Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria (NOB) and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (Anammox) are coupled in the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland by adjusting the effluent water level and utilizing the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) gradient, so that the denitrification efficiency of the composite wetland system on the sewage with low C/N ratio is improved. The system is filled with fillers such as broken bricks, zeolite and the like with large specific surface area, developed pores and good adsorption capacity, so that the biological holding capacity of the system is greatly improved, and higher phosphorus and nitrogen removal efficiency is ensured. The equipment has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, low cost, easy operation, capability of realizing synchronous decarburization and nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the like, and the effluent recycling improves the treatment performance of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1 and 2: comprises a sedimentation tank 1, a water outlet pump 2, a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF)3, a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF)4, a reflux tank 5, a reflux pump 6, an overflow pipe 7 and a porous water sample collecting pipe.
The invention relates to an anaerobic/aerobic artificial wetland combined system for strengthening treatment of sewage with low C/N ratio; comprises a sedimentation tank 1, a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF)3, a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF)4 and a reflux tank 5 which are sequentially arranged; the sedimentation tank 1 is provided with a water outlet pump 2, and the reflux tank 5 is provided with a reflux pump 6. Overflow pipes 7 are arranged on the sedimentation tank 1, the horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland (HSSF)3, the vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland (VSSF)4 and the reflux tank 5. The length-width ratio of a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF) is 3: 1-2: 1, and a matrix layer is as follows from top to bottom: a river sand layer, a composite matrix layer and a gravel layer; the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland is sequentially provided with a water inlet pipe 3-1, a water distribution area 3-2, a guide plate 3-3, a water storage area 3-5 and a water outlet pipe 3-6. The height of the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF) is more than or equal to 60cm, the matrix packing layer is divided into three layers which are respectively as follows from top to bottom: a river sand layer, a multifunctional composite packing layer and a gravel layer; the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is sequentially provided with a water distribution pipe 4-1, a matrix layer 4-2, a water storage area 4-3 and a water level adjusting pipe 4-4; the porous water sample collecting pipe 8 is set according to the position required by collecting the water sample, and the water sample can be collected for water quality detection.
An anaerobic/aerobic process for enhanced treatment of low C/N ratio wastewater utilizing the combined system of claim 1; the effluent of the sedimentation tank (1) is pumped into a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF) (3) by a water outlet pump (2) through a water outlet pipe (1-1), after water is uniformly distributed in a water distribution area (3-2), the effluent is guided to a guide plate (3-3) and enters a matrix layer (3-4), and the sewage in a water storage area (3-5) is conveyed to a water distribution pipe (4-1) through a water outlet pipe (3-6) to be uniformly distributed in a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF) (4); after sewage enters the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (VSSF) (4), the sewage flows into a backflow pool (5) through a substrate layer (4-2) in a water storage area (4-3) by using a water level control valve (4-4) and is pumped into the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSSF) (3) by a backflow pump (6) so as to perform denitrification.
The reflux pump (6) controls the water outlet rate of the effluent reflux liquid to realize different effluent reflux ratios in the wetland.
When the system is subjected to heavy rain impact or large hydraulic load, the impact resistance of the system can be reduced by the aid of the respective overflow pipes (7) of the sedimentation tank (1), the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSSF) (3), the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (VSSF) (4) and the return tank (5).
A horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF)3 composite matrix layer (mixed zeolite particles and crushed bricks) and a gravel layer. 3-4 parts of composite matrix layers (broken bricks) and 4-2 parts of zeolite particles, wherein the broken bricks are paved on the upper layer of filler 3-4, and the zeolite particles are paved on the lower layer of filler 4-2. The method ensures higher phosphorus nitrogen removal rate, and the specific surface area of the selected substrate is larger, thereby being beneficial to the growth and attachment of microorganisms and greatly improving the abundance of the microbial community of the system. Water is uniformly distributed to the water distribution area 3-2 through the water inlet pipe 3-1, and then is uniformly distributed to enter the matrix layer 3-4 after being guided by the guide plate 3-3. And enters a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF)4 in the water storage area 3-5 through a water outlet pipe 3-6.
The height of the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF) is more than or equal to 60cm, the matrix packing layer is divided into three layers which are respectively as follows from top to bottom: a river sand layer (mixed red soil and humus soil), a multifunctional composite filler layer (mixed zeolite particles and crushed bricks) and a gravel layer. A surface water distribution pipe 4-1 uniformly distributes water, flows through a substrate layer 4-2, then enters a backflow tank 5 through a water outlet water level adjusting pipe 4-4 and adjusts the water level in a water storage area 4-3, and can create an unsaturated layer and a saturated layer in a packing layer 4-2 in a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF)4, so that the effective cooperation of three functional microorganisms, namely aerobic Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB), Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria (NOB) and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (Anammox) is realized, the nitrogen removal way in the system is enriched, and the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency of the invention is greatly improved.
The reflux liquid is pumped out by a reflux pump 6 through reflux pipes 3-7, and the effluent is refluxed to a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF)3 for denitrification. The reflux pump 6 can adjust the reflux liquid amount, control different reflux ratios of the system, optimize the denitrification capacity of the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF)3, fully utilize an organic carbon source in the inlet water and further ensure higher denitrification efficiency of the invention.
In the embodiment, the overflow pipes 7 are added, and when the system is subjected to heavy rain impact or large hydraulic load, the sedimentation tank 1, the horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland (HSSF)3, the vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland (VSSF)4 and the reflux tank 5 can reduce the impact degree of the system by utilizing the respective overflow pipes 7, so that the effective operation of the invention is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. high nitrogen removal rate, low operation cost and no need of additional carbon source. In the operation process, the organic carbon source in the inflow water of the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF) is subjected to denitrification, and the organic carbon source in the inflow water is fully utilized. The effluent water level regulating pipe in the system divides the wetland into an immersion area and a non-immersion area, part of ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate and nitrite respectively due to the difference of dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) in the wetland, and at the moment, most of the ammonia nitrogen is oxidized and removed by aerobic Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB), Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria (NOB) and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (Anammox) through synergistic action. Therefore, the invention can reduce the consumption of the organic carbon source to a lower level, realizes the effective cooperation of the three functional microorganisms, greatly enhances the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen, does not need artificial aeration and greatly reduces the operating cost.
2. The phosphorus removal rate is high, and the abundance of microbial communities is high. According to the invention, composite matrix layers (zeolite particles and broken bricks) are arranged in an HSSF-VSSF system, the matrix filler layers respectively contain higher Al, Fe and Ca elements, so that adsorption precipitation removal of phosphorus in sewage is facilitated, the specific surface areas of the matrixes are larger, growth and attachment of microorganisms are facilitated, the abundance of microbial communities is improved, the surface microstructures of the zeolite and the waste bricks are more conducive to the growth of biological membranes, and the waste bricks contain a certain amount of Fe, so that a certain amount of Fe3+/Fe2+ can be released into interstitial water during the operation of the system. The proper concentration of Fe2+ or Fe3+ can stimulate and enhance the activity of ANAMMOX bacteria, thereby improving the sewage treatment performance of the invention.
While the methods and techniques of the present invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and/or modifications of the methods and techniques described herein may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the spirit, scope and content of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An anaerobic/aerobic constructed wetland combined system for strengthening treatment of sewage with low C/N ratio; the device is characterized by comprising a sedimentation tank, a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a reflux tank which are sequentially arranged; the sedimentation tank is provided with a water outlet pump, and the backflow tank is provided with a backflow pump.
2. The combination system of claim 1; the device is characterized in that overflow pipes are arranged on the sedimentation tank, the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the reflux tank.
3. The combination system of claim 1; the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland is characterized in that the length-width ratio of the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland is 3: 1-2: 1, and a matrix layer is as follows from top to bottom: a river sand layer, a composite matrix layer and a gravel layer; the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland is sequentially provided with a water inlet pipe, a water distribution area, a guide plate, a water storage area and a water outlet pipe.
4. The combination system of claim 1; the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is characterized in that the height of the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is more than or equal to 60cm, the matrix filler layer is divided into three layers from top to bottom: a river sand layer, a multifunctional composite packing layer and a gravel layer; the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is sequentially provided with a water distribution pipe, a matrix layer, a water storage area and a water level adjusting pipe.
5. An anaerobic/aerobic process for enhanced treatment of low C/N ratio wastewater utilizing the combined system of claim 1; the system is characterized in that the effluent of the sedimentation tank is pumped into the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland by a water outlet pump through a water outlet pipe, the effluent is uniformly distributed in a water distribution area and then is guided to a guide plate to enter a matrix layer, and the sewage in a water storage area is sent to a water distribution pipe through the water outlet pipe to be uniformly distributed in the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland; after the sewage enters the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, the sewage flows into a backflow tank in a water storage area through a substrate layer by using a water level control valve, and is pumped into the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland by a backflow pump so as to perform denitrification.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the reflux pump controls the water outlet rate of the effluent reflux liquid to realize different effluent reflux ratios in the wetland.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the settling tank, the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the return tank are all capable of reducing the impact resistance of the system by using respective overflow pipes when the system is subjected to heavy rain impact or large hydraulic load.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102557330A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | An/O type composite artificial wetland system for enhanced treatment of low-C/N ratio wastewater |
| CN105645677A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-06-08 | 南京柯若环境技术有限公司 | Horizontal flow/vertical flow integrated artificial wetland and operation method thereof |
| CN111995196A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-11-27 | 天津大学 | An/O composite HSSF-VSSF system for strengthening treatment of sewage with low C/N ratio |
| CN113200605A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-03 | 上海水源地建设发展有限公司 | Undercurrent wetland system suitable for low carbon nitrogen ratio sewage purification |
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2021
- 2021-08-16 CN CN202110939523.2A patent/CN113666504A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102557330A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | An/O type composite artificial wetland system for enhanced treatment of low-C/N ratio wastewater |
| CN105645677A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-06-08 | 南京柯若环境技术有限公司 | Horizontal flow/vertical flow integrated artificial wetland and operation method thereof |
| CN111995196A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-11-27 | 天津大学 | An/O composite HSSF-VSSF system for strengthening treatment of sewage with low C/N ratio |
| CN113200605A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-03 | 上海水源地建设发展有限公司 | Undercurrent wetland system suitable for low carbon nitrogen ratio sewage purification |
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