CN113666372A - Method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry - Google Patents
Method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry Download PDFInfo
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- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
- C07C1/12—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical engineering, which comprises the following operation steps: through solar photovoltaic power generation, solar photovoltaic module type selection is carried out, a solar photovoltaic system is designed, a system for recovering and utilizing carbon dioxide in smoke is added, CO2 in the smoke is effectively recovered and non-carbon electric energy is converted into chemical energy such as natural gas, high-density energy storage and transportation are realized, CO2 in the smoke is recovered and subjected to hydrogen conversion to methane, high-added-value utilization of CO2 and non-carbon electric energy chemical conversion are realized, power equipment of a carbon dioxide recovery device is completely powered by photovoltaic power generation, and carbon dioxide is recovered and utilized. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry, disclosed by the invention, utilizes solar energy to generate electricity to recover carbon dioxide, is safe and reliable, cannot be impacted by energy crisis or instability of fuel markets, can supply power nearby without long-distance transmission, and avoids loss of long-distance transmission lines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon dioxide preparation, in particular to a method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy in chemical industry.
Background
The method for preparing carbon dioxide is a method for preparing and recycling carbon dioxide, scientific technology, industrial production and transportation are developed rapidly, particularly, the chemical industry rises, along with the over-centralized industrial distribution, the urban population is over-dense, the environmental pollution is gradually enlarged from local parts to regions, the single atmospheric pollution is enlarged to the pollution of the atmosphere, water bodies, soil, food and the like, the sources of the environmental pollution in the chemical production process mainly comprise three wastes, waste gas, waste water and waste residue, the atmospheric pollution is one of the most prominent environmental problems in China, the industrial waste gas is an important source of atmospheric pollutants, a large amount of industrial waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere, the quality of the atmospheric environment is reduced inevitably, serious harm is brought to the health of people, huge loss is caused to the economy of the people, and after harmful substances in the industrial waste gas enter human bodies through respiratory tracts and skins, can cause temporary and permanent pathological changes to respiratory, blood, liver and other systems and organs of people, particularly benzopyrene polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can directly cause carcinogenesis of human bodies to draw high attention to human beings, and waste gas of the chemical industry mainly comprises combustion waste gas discharged by a heating furnace and a boiler of a chemical plant; the production device generates non-condensable gas, purge gas and excessive gas such as byproducts generated in the reaction; volatilization and leakage of light oil products, volatile chemicals and solvents in the process of storage and transportation; malodorous and toxic gases emitted during the treatment and transportation of waste water and waste; and the waste gas that volatilizees and leak and distribute out in the transportation of petrochemical industry reproduction raw materials and product, the principle to gaseous processing is: for particulate pollutants, such as dust, smoke, fog droplets, dust mist and other particulate pollutants, corresponding measures are taken to remove particles in the particulate pollutants; gaseous pollutants, such as 2SO, xNO, CO, 2HS, organic waste gas and the like, mainly exist in the waste gas in a molecular state, physical and chemical properties are utilized, the gaseous pollutants are treated by methods of condensation, absorption, adsorption, combustion, catalytic conversion and the like, management is strengthened, the gaseous pollutants can be discharged into the atmosphere only after the treatment meets the requirements, and along with the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements of people on the manufacturing process of the method for preparing carbon dioxide are higher and higher.
The existing method for preparing carbon dioxide has certain disadvantages in use, firstly, the chemical industry creates unprecedented huge wealth for human beings, the ever-higher production and living requirements of people are met, chemical pollution becomes very serious and is not beneficial to use of people, in addition, the consumption of energy consumption is large, the quality of the atmospheric environment is reduced, serious harm is brought to human health, certain adverse effect is brought to the use process of people, and therefore, a method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy in the chemical industry is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy in chemical industry, which utilizes solar energy to generate electricity to recover carbon dioxide, is safe and reliable, cannot suffer from the impact of energy crisis or unstable fuel market, can supply power nearby, does not need long-distance transmission, avoids the loss of long-distance transmission lines, and can effectively solve the problems in the background art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry comprises the following operation steps:
s1: solar photovoltaic power generation: the method comprises the steps of grouping solar photovoltaic power generation, selecting a grid-connected power generation mode, dividing a solar photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system into N megawatt photovoltaic grid-connected power generation units by adopting a scheme of block power generation and centralized grid connection, respectively merging the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation units into a power grid through a voltage transformation power distribution device, finally accessing the whole photovoltaic grid-connected system into a 10KV alternating current power distribution system in a factory for grid-connected power generation, inputting a solar battery array into a photovoltaic square matrix lightning protection combiner box and then accessing into a direct current power distribution cabinet, and then merging the solar battery array into a 0.4KV/10KV voltage transformation power distribution device through a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and an alternating current lightning protection power distribution cabinet;
s2: selecting the type of the solar photovoltaic module: the method comprises the following steps of adopting a 230Wp polycrystalline silicon solar cell assembly, adopting BIPV photovoltaic and building integrated distributed photovoltaic polycrystalline silicon solar cell assembly on the roof of a building, calculating solar radiant quantity, arranging a solar photovoltaic array, connecting a direct current power distribution cabinet, selecting a solar photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, connecting an alternating current lightning protection power distribution cabinet, selecting an alternating current boosting transformer to form a solar photovoltaic system, and connecting the solar photovoltaic system to a power grid, wherein the monomer photoelectric conversion efficiency of the polycrystalline silicon solar cell panel is about 15% -17%, the total efficiency of the grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is composed of three parts of photovoltaic array efficiency, inverter efficiency, alternating current grid connection and the like;
s3: the solar photovoltaic system comprises the following devices: designing a solar photovoltaic system, wherein the solar photovoltaic system consists of a solar photovoltaic component, a monitoring device and a system lightning grounding device;
s4: retrieve carbon dioxide system in flue gas: in the mode of power generation of a solar photovoltaic system, a system for recovering and utilizing carbon dioxide in flue gas is added, CO2 in the flue gas is effectively recovered and non-carbon electric energy is converted into chemical energy such as natural gas and the like, high-density storage and transportation of energy are realized, CO2 in the flue gas is recovered and is subjected to hydrogenation conversion to methane, and high value-added utilization of CO2 and non-carbon electric energy chemical conversion are realized;
s5: recovery and utilization of carbon dioxide: the carbon dioxide is recycled and reused through an absorption tower, a regeneration tower, a molecular sieve tower, a reactor, a liquid enrichment pump, a liquid poor pump, a heat exchanger, an electrolysis device, a gas-liquid separator and the like, and power equipment of the carbon dioxide recycling device is powered by photovoltaic power generation to recycle and utilize the carbon dioxide.
As a preferable technical solution of the present application, in the step S1, each 1 mw power generation unit adopts 4 250KW grid-connected inverters, and a battery module of each photovoltaic grid-connected power generation unit adopts a series-parallel connection mode to form a plurality of solar battery arrays.
As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the efficiency of the photovoltaic array in the step S2, i.e., the ratio of the actual dc output power to the nominal power of the photovoltaic array at the solar radiation intensity of 1000W/m2, and the loss of the photovoltaic array during the energy conversion process includes the matching loss of the components, the surface dust shielding loss, the unavailable solar radiation loss, the temperature influence, the maximum power point tracking accuracy, and the dc line loss, and is calculated by taking the efficiency as 85%.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the inverter conversion efficiency, i.e., the ratio of the ac power output by the inverter to the dc input power, is calculated by taking the inverter efficiency as 95%.
As a preferred technical solution of the present application, in the step S2, the ac grid connection efficiency is the transmission efficiency output from the inverter to the high-voltage grid, wherein the efficiency of the step-up transformer is mainly calculated by taking 95% of the transformer efficiency, and the total efficiency of the system is obtained by multiplying three groups of efficiencies.
As a preferred technical scheme of this application, solar photovoltaic grid-connected inverter chooses the dc-to-ac converter that rated capacity is 250KW for use in S2 step, adopts 32 special DSP control chips of bit, and the main circuit adopts intelligent power IPM module equipment, utilizes the high-efficient isolation transformer of current control type PWM active inversion technique and high-quality import, grid-connected inverter power source passes through three-phase half-bridge converter in the inverter of 250KW, changes the direct current voltage of photovoltaic array into the three-phase chopper voltage of high frequency to become sine wave voltage through the filter filtering and then merge the electric wire netting electricity generation after keeping apart through three-phase transformer and boosting.
As a preferred technical solution in the present application, in the step S2, the ac lightning protection distribution cabinet configures 1 ac lightning protection distribution cabinet according to 2 grid-connected units of 250KWp, that is, each ac distribution cabinet can access to ac lightning protection distribution and metering devices of 2 250KW inverters, and the system needs to configure 200 ac lightning protection distribution cabinets in total.
As a preferable technical solution of the present application, in the step S2, the output of the ac step-up transformer grid-connected inverter is three-phase 0.4KV voltage, and a branch of 50S 9 series of 0.4KV/10KV step-up transformers with a rated capacity of 1500KVA are selected for step-up.
As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the power grid is designed in the step S3, the power grid is composed of 5 photovoltaic units of 4 mw, a total installation machine is 20 mw, the solar photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system is connected to a 10KV/50Hz medium voltage ac power grid, and 1 set of 10KV/0.4KV transformation and distribution system is configured according to 2 mw grid-connected unit, that is, the system needs to be configured with 10 sets of 10KV/0.4KV transformation and distribution system.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, in the step S4, carbon dioxide is recovered, and the carbon dioxide is converted into chemical energy such as natural gas from non-carbon electric energy.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy in chemical industry, which has the following beneficial effects: according to the method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical engineering, power can be supplied nearby by recovering carbon dioxide through solar power generation, long-distance transmission is not needed, and loss of a long-distance power transmission line is avoided; the solar energy does not use fuel, the operation cost is very low, the solar energy power generation has no moving parts, is not easy to damage, is simple to maintain, is particularly suitable for being used under the unattended condition, does not generate any pollution, noise and other public hazards, has no adverse effect on the environment, is ideal clean energy, has short construction period, is convenient and flexible, can arbitrarily add or reduce the solar energy matrix capacity according to the increase and decrease of the load, avoids waste, increases the enterprise income and additional value by using idle roof ground, vacant sites, steel frameworks and the like and living fixed assets, saves the peak electricity charge for the enterprise (the peak electricity generation is the most in the daytime), can sell the surplus electricity on the internet, reduces the internal temperature of the factory, increases the working comfort, is warm in winter and cool in summer, can better complete the specified energy-saving and emission-reducing index of government, and is not limited by the resource distribution region, utilize the advantage safe and reliable of building roof, noiselessness, pollution-free, adopt the access of user's side nearby, needn't long distance transport, avoid long distance transmission line's loss, solar electric system construction period is short, it is short to acquire energy cost time, it is convenient nimble, can be according to the increase and decrease of load, add wantonly or reduce solar energy square matrix, avoid extravagant, better investment income, can operate 25 years at least, need not fuel, the running cost is low, difficult production pollution discarded object in the power generation process, be the clean energy of ideal, whole method for preparing carbon dioxide simple structure, and convenient for operation, the effect of using is better for traditional mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar photovoltaic system of the method for producing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy in chemical industry.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-row arrangement surface arrangement of a solar photovoltaic module array in the method for producing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy in chemical industry according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described embodiments are some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy in chemical industry comprises the following operation steps:
s1: solar photovoltaic power generation: the method comprises the steps of grouping solar photovoltaic power generation, selecting a grid-connected power generation mode, dividing a solar photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system into N megawatt photovoltaic grid-connected power generation units by adopting a scheme of block power generation and centralized grid connection, respectively merging the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation units into a power grid through a voltage transformation power distribution device, finally accessing the whole photovoltaic grid-connected system into a 10KV alternating current power distribution system in a factory for grid-connected power generation, inputting a solar battery array into a photovoltaic square matrix lightning protection combiner box and then accessing into a direct current power distribution cabinet, and then merging the solar battery array into a 0.4KV/10KV voltage transformation power distribution device through a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and an alternating current lightning protection power distribution cabinet;
s2: selecting the type of the solar photovoltaic module: the method comprises the following steps of adopting a 230Wp polycrystalline silicon solar cell assembly, adopting BIPV photovoltaic and building integrated distributed photovoltaic polycrystalline silicon solar cell assembly on the roof of a building, calculating solar radiant quantity, arranging a solar photovoltaic array, connecting a direct current power distribution cabinet, selecting a solar photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, connecting an alternating current lightning protection power distribution cabinet, selecting an alternating current boosting transformer to form a solar photovoltaic system, and connecting the solar photovoltaic system to a power grid, wherein the monomer photoelectric conversion efficiency of the polycrystalline silicon solar cell panel is about 15% -17%, the total efficiency of the grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is composed of three parts of photovoltaic array efficiency, inverter efficiency, alternating current grid connection and the like;
s3: the solar photovoltaic system comprises the following devices: designing a solar photovoltaic system, wherein the solar photovoltaic system consists of a solar photovoltaic component, a monitoring device and a system lightning grounding device;
s4: retrieve carbon dioxide system in flue gas: in the mode of power generation of a solar photovoltaic system, a system for recovering and utilizing carbon dioxide in flue gas is added, CO2 in the flue gas is effectively recovered and non-carbon electric energy is converted into chemical energy such as natural gas and the like, high-density storage and transportation of energy are realized, CO2 in the flue gas is recovered and is subjected to hydrogenation conversion to methane, and high value-added utilization of CO2 and non-carbon electric energy chemical conversion are realized;
s5: recovery and utilization of carbon dioxide: the carbon dioxide is recycled and reused through an absorption tower, a regeneration tower, a molecular sieve tower, a reactor, a liquid enrichment pump, a liquid poor pump, a heat exchanger, an electrolysis device, a gas-liquid separator and the like, and power equipment of the carbon dioxide recycling device is powered by photovoltaic power generation to recycle and utilize the carbon dioxide.
Example two:
on the basis of the first embodiment, in the step S1, each 1 mw power generation unit adopts 4 250KW grid-connected inverters, and the battery modules of each photovoltaic grid-connected power generation unit form a plurality of solar battery arrays in a series-parallel connection manner.
In the step S2, the efficiency of the photovoltaic array, namely the ratio of the actual direct current output power to the nominal power of the photovoltaic array under the solar radiation intensity of 1000W/m2, the loss of the photovoltaic array in the energy conversion process comprises the matching loss of components, the surface dust shielding loss, the unavailable solar radiation loss, the temperature influence, the maximum power point tracking precision and the direct current line loss, and the efficiency is calculated to be 85%.
In step S2, the inverter conversion efficiency, i.e., the ratio of the ac power output from the inverter to the dc input power, is calculated by taking the inverter efficiency as 95%.
In the step S2, the ac grid-connected efficiency is the transmission efficiency from the inverter to the high-voltage grid, wherein the efficiency of the step-up transformer is mainly calculated by taking 95% of the transformer efficiency, and the total system efficiency is multiplied by three groups of efficiencies.
Example three:
on the basis of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, in the step S2, an inverter with a rated capacity of 250KW is selected as the solar photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, a 32-bit dedicated DSP control chip is adopted, the main circuit is assembled by using an intelligent power IPM module, a current control type PWM active inversion technique and a high-quality imported high-efficiency isolation transformer are applied, a grid-connected inverter power supply in the 250KW inverter converts the dc voltage of the photovoltaic array into a high-frequency three-phase chopper voltage through a three-phase half-bridge converter, and the high-frequency three-phase chopper voltage is filtered by a filter to be converted into a sine wave voltage, isolated and boosted by the three-phase transformer and then incorporated into the power grid for power generation.
And S2, configuring 1 AC lightning protection power distribution cabinet for the AC lightning protection power distribution cabinet according to 2 grid-connected units of 250KWp, namely, each AC power distribution cabinet can be connected with the AC lightning protection power distribution and metering devices of 2 250KW inverters, and configuring 200 AC lightning protection power distribution cabinets for the system.
In the step S2, the output of the grid-connected inverter of the AC step-up transformer is three-phase 0.4KV voltage, 50S 9 series of 0.4KV/10KV voltage and the branch circuit of the step-up transformer with 1500KVA rated capacity are selected for step-up.
And S3, designing a power grid, wherein the power grid consists of 5 photovoltaic units of 4 megawatts, the total installation is 20 megawatts, the solar photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system is connected to a 10KV/50Hz medium-voltage alternating-current power grid, and 1 set of 10KV/0.4KV voltage transformation and distribution system is configured according to 2 megawatt grid-connected units, namely the system needs to be configured with 10 sets of 10KV/0.4KV voltage transformation and distribution systems.
In the step S4, carbon dioxide is recovered and converted into chemical energy such as natural gas from non-carbon electric energy.
The working principle is as follows: the solar photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system adopts a scheme of block power generation and centralized grid connection, the system is divided into N megawatt photovoltaic grid-connected power generation units, the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation units are respectively merged into a power grid through a voltage transformation power distribution device, and finally the whole photovoltaic grid-connected system is connected into a 10KV alternating current power distribution system in a factory for grid-connected power generation, a solar cell array is connected into a direct current power distribution cabinet after being input into a photovoltaic square matrix lightning protection header box, then the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and the alternating current lightning protection power distribution cabinet are merged into a 0.4KV/10KV voltage transformation power distribution device, a 230Wp polycrystalline silicon solar cell assembly is adopted, the building roof adopts an integrated distributed photovoltaic polycrystalline silicon solar cell assembly of BIPV and a building, the monomer photoelectric conversion efficiency of the polycrystalline silicon solar cell panel is about 15-17%, and the total efficiency of the grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is determined by the efficiency of the photovoltaic array, The method comprises the following steps of calculating solar radiant quantity, arranging a solar photovoltaic array, connecting a direct current power distribution cabinet, selecting a solar photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, connecting an alternating current lightning protection power distribution cabinet, selecting an alternating current boosting transformer to form a solar photovoltaic system, connecting the solar photovoltaic system to a power grid, designing the solar photovoltaic system, wherein the solar photovoltaic system comprises a solar photovoltaic component, a monitoring device and a system lightning protection grounding device, and is characterized in that a carbon dioxide recovery and utilization system in the flue gas is added in a solar photovoltaic system power generation mode to effectively recover and convert non-carbon electric energy in the flue gas into chemical energy such as natural gas and the like, so that high-density energy storage and transportation are realized, CO2 in the flue gas is recovered and subjected to hydrogen conversion to methane, high-added-value utilization of CO2 and chemical conversion of the non-carbon electric energy are realized, and the carbon dioxide passes through an absorption tower, a regeneration tower, a molecular sieve tower, a solar photovoltaic array, a direct current power distribution system is connected with the solar photovoltaic system, The reactor, the rich liquid pump, the barren liquid pump, the heat exchanger, the electrolysis unit, the gas-liquid separator and the like are recycled, and the power equipment of the carbon dioxide recycling device is powered by photovoltaic power generation to recycle and utilize carbon dioxide.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second (a, b, etc.) and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following operation steps:
s1: solar photovoltaic power generation: the method comprises the steps of grouping solar photovoltaic power generation, selecting a grid-connected power generation mode, dividing a solar photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system into N megawatt photovoltaic grid-connected power generation units by adopting a scheme of block power generation and centralized grid connection, respectively merging the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation units into a power grid through a voltage transformation power distribution device, finally accessing the whole photovoltaic grid-connected system into a 10KV alternating current power distribution system in a factory for grid-connected power generation, inputting a solar battery array into a photovoltaic square matrix lightning protection combiner box and then accessing into a direct current power distribution cabinet, and then merging the solar battery array into a 0.4KV/10KV voltage transformation power distribution device through a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and an alternating current lightning protection power distribution cabinet;
s2: selecting the type of the solar photovoltaic module: the method comprises the following steps of adopting a 230Wp polycrystalline silicon solar cell assembly, adopting BIPV photovoltaic and building integrated distributed photovoltaic polycrystalline silicon solar cell assembly on the roof of a building, calculating solar radiant quantity, arranging a solar photovoltaic array, connecting a direct current power distribution cabinet, selecting a solar photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, connecting an alternating current lightning protection power distribution cabinet, selecting an alternating current boosting transformer to form a solar photovoltaic system, and connecting the solar photovoltaic system to a power grid, wherein the monomer photoelectric conversion efficiency of the polycrystalline silicon solar cell panel is about 15% -17%, the total efficiency of the grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is composed of three parts of photovoltaic array efficiency, inverter efficiency, alternating current grid connection and the like;
s3: the solar photovoltaic system comprises the following devices: designing a solar photovoltaic system, wherein the solar photovoltaic system consists of a solar photovoltaic component, a monitoring device and a system lightning grounding device;
s4: retrieve carbon dioxide system in flue gas: in the mode of power generation of a solar photovoltaic system, a system for recovering and utilizing carbon dioxide in flue gas is added, CO2 in the flue gas is effectively recovered and non-carbon electric energy is converted into chemical energy such as natural gas and the like, high-density storage and transportation of energy are realized, CO2 in the flue gas is recovered and is subjected to hydrogenation conversion to methane, and high value-added utilization of CO2 and non-carbon electric energy chemical conversion are realized;
s5: recovery and utilization of carbon dioxide: the carbon dioxide is recycled and reused through an absorption tower, a regeneration tower, a molecular sieve tower, a reactor, a liquid enrichment pump, a liquid poor pump, a heat exchanger, an electrolysis device, a gas-liquid separator and the like, and power equipment of the carbon dioxide recycling device is powered by photovoltaic power generation to recycle and utilize the carbon dioxide.
2. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S1, each 1 megawatt power generation unit adopts 4 250KW grid-connected inverters, and the battery assemblies of each photovoltaic grid-connected power generation unit form a plurality of solar battery arrays in a series-parallel connection mode.
3. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S2, the efficiency of the photovoltaic array, i.e., the ratio of the actual dc output power to the nominal power of the photovoltaic array at 1000W/m2 solar radiation intensity, is calculated by taking 85% of the efficiency, where the losses of the photovoltaic array during the energy conversion process include matching loss of components, surface dust shielding loss, unavailable solar radiation loss, temperature influence, maximum power point tracking accuracy, and dc line loss.
4. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step S2, the inverter conversion efficiency, i.e., the ratio of the ac power output by the inverter to the dc input power, is calculated by taking the inverter efficiency as 95%.
5. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S2, the ac grid-connected efficiency is the transmission efficiency from the inverter to the high-voltage grid, wherein the efficiency of the step-up transformer is mainly calculated by taking 95% of the transformer efficiency, and the total efficiency of the system is obtained by multiplying the three groups of efficiencies.
6. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the solar photovoltaic grid-connected inverter in the step S2 selects an inverter with rated capacity of 250KW, a 32-bit special DSP control chip is adopted, a main circuit is assembled by an intelligent power IPM module, a current control type PWM active inversion technology and a high-quality imported high-efficiency isolation transformer are applied, a grid-connected inverter power supply in the 250KW inverter converts direct-current voltage of a photovoltaic array into high-frequency three-phase chopping voltage through a three-phase half-bridge converter, and the high-frequency three-phase chopping voltage is filtered by a filter to be changed into sine wave voltage, isolated and boosted by the three-phase transformer and then merged into a power grid for power generation.
7. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the step S2, the AC lightning protection power distribution cabinet configures 1 AC lightning protection power distribution cabinet according to 2 grid-connected units of 250KWp for design, namely, each AC power distribution cabinet can be connected with the AC lightning protection power distribution and metering devices of 2 250KW inverters, and 200 AC lightning protection power distribution cabinets are required to be configured in the system.
8. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S2, the output of the grid-connected inverter of the alternating-current step-up transformer is three-phase 0.4KV voltage, 50S 9 series of 0.4KV/10KV voltage and a branch circuit of a step-up transformer with 1500KVA rated capacity are selected for boosting.
9. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the step S3, a power grid is designed and consists of 5 photovoltaic units of 4 megawatts, 20 megawatts are installed in total, the solar photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system is connected to a 10KV/50Hz medium-voltage alternating-current power grid, and 1 set of 10KV/0.4KV voltage transformation and distribution system is configured according to the 2 megawatt grid-connected unit, namely the system needs to be configured with 10 sets of 10KV/0.4KV voltage transformation and distribution systems.
10. The method for preparing carbon dioxide by introducing photovoltaic electric energy into chemical industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the step S4, the carbon dioxide is recovered, converted and converted into chemical energy such as natural gas by non-carbon electric energy.
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