CN113665100A - Co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle - Google Patents

Co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle Download PDF

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CN113665100A
CN113665100A CN202111086827.5A CN202111086827A CN113665100A CN 113665100 A CN113665100 A CN 113665100A CN 202111086827 A CN202111086827 A CN 202111086827A CN 113665100 A CN113665100 A CN 113665100A
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screw
printing
conical
worm
charging barrel
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CN113665100B (en
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张�杰
李佳琪
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Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/255—Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B29C64/329—Feeding using hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle which mainly comprises a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a screw extrusion mechanism which are sequentially connected, wherein the screw extrusion mechanism comprises a co-rotating conical double-screw rod component, a charging barrel and an extrusion head; the device mainly aims at two or more raw material components with higher content, can be directly added into the co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition forming extrusion type 3D printing spray head for FDM printing forming of a workpiece without the pretreatment process step of fused blending, thereby avoiding the defect of workpiece performance damage caused by multiple processing of raw materials (double-screw blending, single-screw extrusion and 3D printing), simultaneously omitting the pretreatment process of printing raw materials, and greatly improving the production efficiency.

Description

Co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing devices, and particularly relates to a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle which can be applied to the technical field of fused deposition modeling 3D printing.
Background
3D printing is a manufacturing method that is becoming more and more important in the scientific and engineering community, which is a technology that builds objects by stacking layers one upon another using bondable materials such as powdered metals or plastics based on digital model files. The technology is widely applied to the fields of industrial design, aerospace, automobile manufacturing and the like. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most common techniques in the field of 3D printing, and the working principle of a conventional FDM printer is as follows: the method comprises the steps of sizing wires made of thermoplastic polymers such as ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), PLA (polylactic acid) and the like to be used as printing consumables, feeding the wires into a heating area of a spray head through a roller to be melted, applying thrust to the melted materials by using the non-melted wires above as a plunger piston to extrude the melted materials from a nozzle, and depositing the melted materials on a building plate layer by layer to generate a three-dimensional structure. FDM printing techniques have many advantages, such as simplicity of operation, low material cost, manufacturing environment safety, etc.
Most of the traditional FDM printers at present print by conveying wires, and the printers have the following defects: the material has higher requirements on the fluidity, shrinkage rate and strength of the material, so that the material used for the traditional FDM printer is very limited, and only PLA, ABS and the like are commonly used; the polymer wire close to the heating area is softened due to heat transfer, and for the material with poor rigidity, certain thrust cannot be applied to extrude the molten material, so that the polymer wire cannot be used for FDM forming; and the raw material cost is increased by the filamentation preparation process required by the silk material.
Aiming at the problems of the traditional FDM technology, researchers propose an improved technical scheme of replacing printing wires with granular materials or powder materials according to the technical principle characteristic of FDM printing. For example, by improving the nozzle of the FDM printer and adopting the technical principle of single-screw extrusion inside the nozzle, the stable extrusion effect can be realized for granular materials or powder. But still has the following disadvantages: because the extrusion screw is generally of a common straight screw structure, the plasticizing effect on plastic granules or powder which needs a large compression ratio is poor; in order to ensure the transportation, melting and homogenization of materials, the screw needs a larger length-diameter ratio (usually 25-30), which leads to the increase of the length of the screw and the increase of the overall size and weight of the extrusion equipment; when the material is directly extruded after being plasticized in the extrusion screw, the material is kept in a spiral motion in the cylinder due to inertia, so that the printed part is easily deformed, and the accuracy of the shape and the size of the printed part is reduced.
The inventor of the invention previously issued a patent "a conical screw extrusion device suitable for FDM printer" (application number 201620058778.2) discloses a conical single screw extrusion device suitable for FDM printer, which adopts a conical screw structure, greatly reduces the required length-diameter ratio through the conical structure, and improves the plasticizing effect, and is suitable for plastic granules or powder materials requiring a large compression ratio. However, through long-term application and practice of the inventor of the invention, the device disclosed in the patent has poor printing effect by using powder as a raw material because the conveying material still depends on the friction action between the screw and the barrel, and granules are generally used as the raw material. For composite materials and mixtures, the preparation of pellets usually requires a process such as mixing and pelletizing in a twin-screw extruder, which is still complicated and accompanied by a loss of raw materials during the mixing and pelletizing process.
In addition, the invention similar to a screw extrusion type FDM printing nozzle exists in the prior art, for example, the chinese patent application "a double-screw type material extrusion device for 3D printing" (application number 201911158971.8) discloses a double-screw type material extrusion device for 3D printing, which is mainly structured in that a driving screw and a driven screw are arranged in a melting shell and are engaged with each other, the two screws are connected through a synchronous transmission mechanism, and a thrust transmission mechanism is arranged between adjacent thrust bearings on the driving screw and the driven screw. By the structure, the applicability of powder as a raw material is realized, and various additives can be added into the main material for extrusion printing.
With the research progress of material science, a single polymer part cannot meet the requirements of high performance and functionalization more and more, and a composite material part filled with a mixed material or a high-content filler has better mechanical performance and functional characteristics, but the material is usually formed by compounding two or more components with higher content, and has great difference from the process condition characteristic of only adding a small amount of additives. Therefore, such materials are generally prepared by a processing process such as mixing and granulating by a twin-screw extruder so as to ensure sufficient melt blending or uniform dispersion, but when the materials are applied to fused deposition modeling 3D printing raw materials, the mechanical properties and functional properties of the materials are easily damaged due to the characteristics of secondary melt blending caused by the FDM technology, so that the performance height of 3D printing products is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing spray head, which mainly aims at two or more raw material components with higher content, and can be directly added into the co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing spray head for FDM printing and modeling of a manufactured piece without a pre-treatment process step of fused blending, so that the defect that the performance of the manufactured piece is damaged due to multiple processing of raw materials (double-screw blending, single-screw filament extrusion and 3D printing) is avoided, meanwhile, the pre-treatment process of printing raw materials is omitted, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme formed by the following technical measures.
A co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle mainly comprises a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a screw extrusion mechanism which are connected in sequence, wherein the screw extrusion mechanism comprises a co-rotating conical double-screw component, a charging barrel and an extrusion head,
the homodromous conical double-screw component comprises two homodromous conical screws, each conical screw comprises a threaded section and a connecting section, each connecting section is in transmission connection with a transmission mechanism, the length of each threaded section is 85-95 mm, the inner diameter of each threaded section is linearly changed from 9.6-9.8 mm of a feeding end to 4.9-5.1 mm of a discharging end, the depth of a screw groove of each threaded section is also linearly changed from 6.4-6.6 mm of the feeding end to 1.8-2.0 mm of the discharging end, the screw pitch is 6-7 mm, the width of a screw edge is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the whole conical structure is formed;
the two conical screws rotating in the same direction are in clearance fit, and the included angle of the axial leads of the screws is 5-7 degrees;
an inner cavity of the charging barrel is an infinity-shaped channel and is in clearance fit with the homodromous rotating conical double-screw component, and a charging opening is formed in the charging barrel;
the extrusion head is fixedly connected with the discharge end of the charging barrel.
The main invention point of the invention is that aiming at two or more than two raw material components with higher content, the raw material components can be directly added into the co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing spray head for FDM printing and molding a workpiece without the process steps of double-screw fused blending and single-screw extrusion, thereby avoiding the defect of workpiece performance damage caused by multiple processing of raw materials, simultaneously omitting a pretreatment procedure and greatly improving the production efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the inventor of the invention summarizes by combining computer virtual simulation results and actual production experience, limits the co-rotating mode of the double screw components, and greatly enhances the melting and mixing capacity of the screws for materials by utilizing the technical principle that the meshing part has strong shearing action on the mixed materials when the double screws rotate in the same direction. Meanwhile, six sets of process parameters including the length of the thread section in the double-screw component, the linear change of the inner diameter of the screw and the depth of the thread groove, and the thread pitch, the thread edge and the included angle of the axial lead of the double screw are combined to jointly ensure that the mixed materials can be fully melted and blended in the thread section of the double-screw component.
Further, in order to ensure that the mixed materials can be fully melted and blended in the equidirectional rotating conical double-screw component, the rotating speed of the screws of the equidirectional rotating conical double-screw component is 10-30 r/min; meanwhile, as known by the common general knowledge, the screw torque is larger, the shearing force for the material is stronger, and when two or more raw material components with higher content are used, a certain shearing force strength is required to ensure that the multi-component raw materials are smoothly melt blended, but the screw torque is mainly determined according to the output torque of a driving motor, and a high-power driving motor usually means larger equipment space and cost, and the requirements on the overall stability and structure of the 3D printing nozzle are greatly increased. The inventor of the invention summarizes through a large number of experiments and long-term working experience, in order to better illustrate the invention and provide a design scheme which can be referred to and is practical, a stepping motor with the maximum output torque of 2.3-2.5 N.m is preferably adopted on the premise of not redesigning the integral structure such as a three-dimensional operation platform of fused deposition type extrusion type 3D printing. At the moment, the melt blending processing time of the mixed material in the thread section is about 60-120 s, and the melt blending process requirements of common multi-component mixed plastics or high-filler filled plastics on the market are basically met.
The driving mechanism provides the same-direction rotating power for two conical screws in the same-direction rotating conical double-screw component through the transmission mechanism, and a person skilled in the art can select proper double-driving equipment according to the prior art, and provide the rotating power for the two conical screws through the unconnected transmission mechanism or select single-driving equipment, and provide the rotating power for the two conical screws through the transmission equipment. In order to ensure that the meshing part of the two screws has the best shearing force effect when the two screws rotate in the same direction, the driving mechanism is selected to ensure that the two screws have the characteristics of rotating at the same speed and with the same torque. The skilled person can also select a suitable transmission means according to the prior art.
In order to better illustrate the invention and provide a preferred solution with less space requirement for the device, the driving mechanism is mainly composed of a stepping motor and a motor reducer in transmission connection with the stepping motor.
Based on the preferred technical scheme, a worm gear and a worm are selected for transmission of the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism mainly comprises a worm gear and a worm, the worm is connected with the output end of the motor reducer, the transmission section of the conical screw is fixedly connected with the worm gear, and the worm is in meshing transmission with the worm gear from the side face. The worm drives the two worm wheels to rotate simultaneously, so that the double screws rotate in the same direction, the same speed and the same torque.
Furthermore, in order to improve the homodromous rotation stability of the double screws, the transmission mechanism further comprises a screw rod connecting shaft, the connecting section of the conical screw rod is fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod connecting shaft, the other end of the screw rod connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a worm wheel, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel from the side for transmission. The worm drives the two worm gears to rotate simultaneously, so that the double screws rotate at the same direction, the same speed and the same torque through the screw connecting shafts. In actual industrial design, the screw connecting shaft can be fixed through a plurality of bearings, and the rotation stability of the double screw is further improved.
In addition, considering the long-time operation requirement of the equipment for industrial conversion implementation, a cooling water circulation channel can be arranged in the transmission mechanism, so that the heat transfer influence of the charging barrel is reduced, and the overheating damage is avoided.
Wherein, for the feed end of cooperation conical screw thread section, be equipped with the charge door on the feed cylinder lateral wall, the charge door is located the feed end top of screw thread section simultaneously.
In general, the skilled person can select a suitable heating means for increasing the temperature of the barrel according to the prior art in order to enable the melt blending of the mixture in the screw flights. For better illustration and to provide a suitable solution, the cartridge is also provided with an electric heating coil.
Generally, the co-rotating conical twin-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle further comprises a power supply, a fixing component and the like in the whole practical operation, and a person skilled in the art can select a proper combination and matching mode according to the prior art. In terms of overall structure design, the technical scheme of the invention is essentially directed to innovation of a screw extrusion mechanism and an adaptive driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism, and other structural designs can preferably refer to the prior art, such as the inventor of the invention previously filed a patent application of 'a conical screw extrusion device suitable for an FDM printer' (the application number is 201620058778.2).
The invention also provides a matched 3D printing process suitable for the co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle, which mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the required raw material proportion, uniformly mixing the granular materials or powder materials of various raw materials to obtain a mixed material;
(2) gradually pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (1) through a feeding port of a charging barrel, setting the screw rotating speed of a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition molding extrusion type 3D printing nozzle to be 10-30 r/min, and setting the output torque of a driving motor to be 2.3-2.5 N.m;
(3) printing and preparing according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, wherein the printing speed is 600-4800 mm/min, and the temperature of a hot bed is 40-80 ℃.
Generally, the granules or powders of multiple raw materials are uniformly mixed in step (1), and as a mixed material, the granules or powders of multiple raw materials are mixed by simple stirring, for example, under laboratory preparation conditions, the granules or powders are mixed uniformly by shaking in the same container. In the actual industrial production, the skilled person can mix the raw materials by the conventional stirring and mixing equipment in the prior art. It should be noted that the above-mentioned uniform mixing is usually the mixing between the granules and the powder, and if the granule and the powder are mixed together, the phenomenon of nonuniform mixing is easily caused by too large difference in particle size, which affects the mechanical properties of the actual printed product.
Generally, in the step (2), the mixture obtained in the step (1) is poured gradually through the charging opening of the barrel, in a preferred technical scheme, the mixture can be added conveniently by adding a charging hopper on the charging opening, and the mixture does not exceed 1/2 height of the charging hopper when the mixture is poured, so that the adding speed of the mixture is controlled.
To better illustrate the present invention, and to provide several specific 3D printing processes adapted to the apparatus of the present invention:
the method mainly comprises the following steps of (1) performing fused deposition modeling (3D) printing on a polypropylene/hexagonal boron nitride (PP/h-BN) composite material as a printing raw material:
(1) uniformly mixing powder materials of the two components to obtain a mixed material, wherein polypropylene is used as a matrix, and hexagonal boron nitride with the mass fraction of 20-40 wt% is used as a filler;
(2) gradually pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (1) into a charging opening of a charging barrel, setting the screw rotating speed of a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle to be 20r/min, and setting the output torque of a driving motor to be 2.3 N.m;
(3) printing preparation is carried out according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, the printing speed is set to 3000mm/min, and the temperature of a hot bed is 80 ℃.
For fused deposition modeling 3D printing of polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane (PLA/TPU) blends as printing raw materials, the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing granules of the two components to obtain a mixed material, wherein a polylactic acid polymer is used as a continuous phase, and thermoplastic polyurethane with the mass fraction of 10-50 wt% is used as a dispersed phase;
(2) gradually pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (1) into a charging opening of a charging barrel, setting the screw rotating speed of a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle to be 15r/min, and setting the output torque of a driving motor to be 2.3 N.m;
(3) printing preparation is carried out according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, the printing speed is set to be 1800mm/min, and the temperature of a hot bed is 50 ℃.
In the specific matched 3D printing process, specific selection of each component in the printing raw materials is realized by adopting specific selection applicable to fused deposition modeling 3D printing disclosed in the prior art.
The co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle can be used for directly printing workpieces without a fused blending pretreatment process step when aiming at two high-content mixed raw material systems, so that the defect of workpiece performance damage caused by secondary fused blending of FDM technology is avoided, the printing raw material fused blending pretreatment process is omitted, and the production and preparation efficiency is greatly improved.
It is worth to be noted that the specific process parameters defined in the present invention are obtained by combining the computer virtual simulation result with the summary of actual production experience, wherein the specific parameter setting of the equidirectional rotating conical twin-screw component can ensure that the mixed material has sufficient melt extrusion time in the whole screw thread section while having sufficient torque to provide shearing force through the linear change of the screw inner diameter and the screw groove depth. If the integral taper angle of a single screw is further increased or the axial included angle of two screws is increased, the integral structure size and the weight of the whole equipment are influenced, meanwhile, the inner cavity of the charging barrel is too large, the printing precision is greatly influenced by the inertial motion of the mixed material and the mixed material, and a driving mechanism with larger input torque needs to be adapted, so that the integral cost is increased; if the integral taper angle of a single screw is reduced or the axial included angle of two screws is increased, the melt blending effect of high-content multi-component raw materials, particularly powder, is obviously influenced, and the defects that mechanical properties of printed parts are easy to degrade such as interface fracture and the like are easily caused.
The process parameters specifically defined above are also obtained by the inventor of the present invention after computer virtual simulation and actual production comparison, and are further corrected in an actual production test, and the defined protection range is provided based on experimental facts.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a co-rotating conical twin-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conical screw in a co-rotating conical twin-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism in a co-rotating conical twin-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an appearance of a co-rotating conical twin-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a photo of a co-rotating conical twin-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a photograph of a printed article obtained by applying example 1 of the present invention as a tensile strength test sample.
In the figure, 1-temperature control spray head; 2-a nozzle connection; 3-a charging barrel; 4-conical screw A; 5-conical screw B; 6-a loading hopper; 7-a charging barrel heat insulation layer; 8-cooling water circulation channel; 9-shaft fixing plate; 10-worm gear A; 11-worm gear B; 12-a bearing fixture; 13-screw connecting shaft A; 14-screw connecting shaft B; 15-bearing end cap; 16-electric heating coil a; 17-electric heating coil B; 18-a worm; 19-a worm mount; 20-a drive connection plate; 21-motor reducer; 22-step motor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the examples given are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that those skilled in the art, on the basis of the teachings of the present invention, will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention without departing from its scope.
Example 1
The co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle comprises a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a screw extrusion mechanism which are sequentially connected as shown in figure 1, wherein the screw extrusion mechanism comprises a co-rotating conical double-screw rod component, a charging barrel and an extrusion head,
the homodromous conical double-screw component is shown in the attached figure 2 and comprises two homodromous conical screws (a conical screw A and a conical screw B), each conical screw comprises a threaded section and a connecting section, each connecting section is in transmission connection with a transmission mechanism, the length of each threaded section is 90mm, the inner diameter of each threaded section is linearly changed from 9.67mm of a feeding end to 5mm of a discharging end, the depth of a screw groove of each threaded section is also linearly changed from 6.5mm of the feeding end to 1.8mm of the discharging end, the screw pitch is 6.32mm, the width of a screw ridge is 1mm, and the whole conical structure is formed;
the two conical screws rotating in the same direction are in clearance fit, and the included angle beta of the axial leads of the screws is 6 degrees;
the inner cavity of the charging barrel is an infinity-shaped channel and is in clearance fit with a homodromous rotating conical double-screw component, a charging opening is formed in the charging barrel, the charging opening is positioned above the feeding end of the screw section, a charging hopper is arranged on the outer side of the charging opening, and electric heating coils (an electric heating coil A and an electric heating coil B) are fixed on the outer side of the charging barrel;
the extrusion head comprises a temperature control spray head, the temperature control spray head is fixedly connected with the discharge end of the charging barrel through a spray head connecting piece, the spray head connecting piece is provided with an inner cavity for communicating the spray head with the charging barrel, and the shape of the inner cavity is the extension of the shape of the inner cavity of the charging barrel;
the transmission mechanism comprises a worm wheel (a worm wheel A and a worm wheel B), a worm, a screw connecting shaft (a screw connecting shaft A and a screw connecting shaft B), a shaft fixing plate and a bearing fixing piece which are respectively used for stabilizing two ends of the screw connecting shaft, and a shell of the transmission mechanism is formed by the shaft fixing plate and the bearing fixing piece;
the connecting section of the conical screw is fixedly connected with one end of a screw connecting shaft and is stabilized by a bearing arranged on a shaft fixing plate at the fixed connection position, the other end of the screw connecting shaft close to the end is fixedly connected with a worm wheel, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel from the side for transmission; the worm simultaneously drives the two worm gears to rotate, so that the double screws rotate in the same direction, the same speed and the same torque; the end of one end of the worm wheel of the screw connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a bearing arranged in the bearing fixing piece and used for stabilizing the other end of the screw connecting shaft;
the shaft fixing plate is fixedly connected with the charging barrel, and a charging barrel heat insulation layer is arranged at the joint of the shaft fixing plate and the charging barrel so as to reduce high-temperature transmission of the charging barrel;
the shaft fixing plate is also provided with a cooling water circulation channel, so that the heat transfer influence of the charging barrel is reduced, and the overheating damage is avoided;
the bearing fixing piece is also provided with a bearing end cover so as to be convenient to overhaul and disassemble;
the driving mechanism is as shown in the attached drawing 3, comprises a stepping motor and a motor reducer which are in transmission connection with each other, and further comprises a worm fixing piece and a driving connecting plate, the stepping motor is transmitted to the driving motor reducer and is transmitted to a worm through an output shaft of the motor reducer, the worm fixing piece comprises a bearing to play a role in stabilizing the worm, and the driving connecting plate is respectively connected with the worm fixing piece and the motor reducer together to play a role in a flange and can serve as a bearing cover of the bearing in the worm fixing piece.
Example 2
The embodiment of the extrusion type 3D printing nozzle for the co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling comprises a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a screw extrusion mechanism which are sequentially connected, wherein the screw extrusion mechanism comprises a co-rotating conical double-screw component, a charging barrel and an extrusion head,
the homodromous conical double-screw component is shown in the attached figure 2 and comprises two homodromous conical screws (a conical screw A and a conical screw B), each conical screw comprises a threaded section and a connecting section, each connecting section is in transmission connection with a transmission mechanism, the length of each threaded section is 85mm, the inner diameter of each threaded section is linearly changed from 9.6mm of a feeding end to 4.9mm of a discharging end, the depth of a screw groove of each threaded section is also linearly changed from 6.4mm of the feeding end to 1.8mm of the discharging end, the screw pitch is 6mm, the width of a screw ridge is 0.8mm, and the whole conical double-screw component is of a conical structure;
the two conical screws rotating in the same direction are in clearance fit, and the included angle of the axes of the two conical screws is 7 degrees;
the inner cavity of the charging barrel is an infinity-shaped channel and is in clearance fit with a homodromous rotating conical double-screw component, a charging opening is formed in the charging barrel, the charging opening is positioned above the feeding end of the screw section, a charging hopper is arranged on the outer side of the charging opening, and electric heating coils (an electric heating coil A and an electric heating coil B) are fixed on the outer side of the charging barrel;
the extrusion head comprises a temperature control spray head, the temperature control spray head is fixedly connected with the discharge end of the charging barrel through a spray head connecting piece, the spray head connecting piece is provided with an inner cavity for communicating the spray head with the charging barrel, and the shape of the inner cavity is the extension of the shape of the inner cavity of the charging barrel;
the driving mechanism comprises dual-driving equipment, provides rotary power for the two conical screws through the unconnected transmission mechanism respectively, and transmits the rotary power to the transmission mechanism through the driving mechanism;
the driving mechanism comprises two groups of stepping motors and motor reducers which are in transmission connection with each other, wherein the stepping motors are transmitted to the driving motor reducers and are transmitted to the driving mechanism through output shafts of the motor reducers.
Example 3
The co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle comprises a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a screw extrusion mechanism which are sequentially connected as shown in figure 1, wherein the screw extrusion mechanism comprises a co-rotating conical double-screw rod component, a charging barrel and an extrusion head,
the homodromous conical double-screw component is shown in the attached figure 2 and comprises two homodromous conical screws (a conical screw A and a conical screw B), each conical screw comprises a threaded section and a connecting section, each connecting section is in transmission connection with a transmission mechanism, the length of each threaded section is 95mm, the inner diameter of each threaded section is linearly changed from 9.8mm of a feeding end to 5.1mm of a discharging end, the depth of a screw groove of each threaded section is also linearly changed from 6.6mm of the feeding end to 2.0mm of the discharging end, the screw pitch is 7mm, the width of a screw ridge is 1.2mm, and the whole conical double-screw component is of a conical structure;
the two conical screws rotating in the same direction are in clearance fit, and the included angle beta of the axial leads of the screws is 5 degrees;
the inner cavity of the charging barrel is an infinity-shaped channel and is in clearance fit with a homodromous rotating conical double-screw component, a charging opening is formed in the charging barrel, the charging opening is positioned above the feeding end of the screw section, a charging hopper is arranged on the outer side of the charging opening, and electric heating coils (an electric heating coil A and an electric heating coil B) are fixed on the outer side of the charging barrel;
the extrusion head comprises a temperature control spray head, the temperature control spray head is fixedly connected with the discharge end of the charging barrel through a spray head connecting piece, the spray head connecting piece is provided with an inner cavity for communicating the spray head with the charging barrel, and the shape of the inner cavity is the extension of the shape of the inner cavity of the charging barrel;
the transmission mechanism comprises a worm wheel (a worm wheel A and a worm wheel B), a worm, a screw connecting shaft (a screw connecting shaft A and a screw connecting shaft B), a shaft fixing plate and a bearing fixing piece which are respectively used for stabilizing two ends of the screw connecting shaft, and a shell of the transmission mechanism is formed by the shaft fixing plate and the bearing fixing piece;
the connecting section of the conical screw is fixedly connected with one end of a screw connecting shaft and is stabilized by a bearing arranged on a shaft fixing plate at the fixed connection position, the other end of the screw connecting shaft close to the end is fixedly connected with a worm wheel, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel from the side for transmission; the worm simultaneously drives the two worm gears to rotate, so that the double screws rotate in the same direction, the same speed and the same torque; the end of one end of the worm wheel of the screw connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a bearing arranged in the bearing fixing piece and used for stabilizing the other end of the screw connecting shaft;
the shaft fixing plate is fixedly connected with the charging barrel, and a charging barrel heat insulation layer is arranged at the joint of the shaft fixing plate and the charging barrel so as to reduce high-temperature transmission of the charging barrel;
the shaft fixing plate is also provided with a cooling water circulation channel, so that the heat transfer influence of the charging barrel is reduced, and the overheating damage is avoided;
the bearing fixing piece is also provided with a bearing end cover so as to be convenient to overhaul and disassemble;
the driving mechanism is as shown in the attached drawing 3, comprises a stepping motor and a motor reducer which are in transmission connection with each other, and further comprises a worm fixing piece and a driving connecting plate, the stepping motor is transmitted to the driving motor reducer and is transmitted to a worm through an output shaft of the motor reducer, the worm fixing piece comprises a bearing to play a role in stabilizing the worm, and the driving connecting plate is respectively connected with the worm fixing piece and the motor reducer together to play a role in a flange and can serve as a bearing cover of the bearing in the worm fixing piece.
Example 4
The co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle comprises a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a screw extrusion mechanism which are sequentially connected as shown in figure 1, wherein the screw extrusion mechanism comprises a co-rotating conical double-screw rod component, a charging barrel and an extrusion head,
the homodromous conical double-screw component is shown in the attached figure 2 and comprises two homodromous conical screws (a conical screw A and a conical screw B), each conical screw comprises a threaded section and a connecting section, each connecting section is in transmission connection with a transmission mechanism, the length of each threaded section is 85mm, the inner diameter of each threaded section is linearly changed from 9.6mm of a feeding end to 4.9mm of a discharging end, the depth of a screw groove of each threaded section is also linearly changed from 6.4mm of the feeding end to 1.8mm of the discharging end, the screw pitch is 6mm, the width of a screw ridge is 0.8mm, and the whole conical double-screw component is of a conical structure;
the two conical screws rotating in the same direction are in clearance fit, and the included angle beta of the axial leads of the screws is 7 degrees; the inner cavity of the charging barrel is an infinity-shaped channel and is in clearance fit with a homodromous rotating conical double-screw component, a charging opening is formed in the charging barrel, the charging opening is positioned above the feeding end of the screw section, a charging hopper is arranged on the outer side of the charging opening, and electric heating coils (an electric heating coil A and an electric heating coil B) are fixed on the outer side of the charging barrel;
the extrusion head comprises a temperature control spray head, the temperature control spray head is fixedly connected with the discharge end of the charging barrel through a spray head connecting piece, the spray head connecting piece is provided with an inner cavity for communicating the spray head with the charging barrel, and the shape of the inner cavity is the extension of the shape of the inner cavity of the charging barrel;
the transmission mechanism comprises a worm wheel (a worm wheel A and a worm wheel B), a worm, a screw connecting shaft (a screw connecting shaft A and a screw connecting shaft B), a shaft fixing plate and a bearing fixing piece which are respectively used for stabilizing two ends of the screw connecting shaft, and a shell of the transmission mechanism is formed by the shaft fixing plate and the bearing fixing piece;
the connecting section of the conical screw is fixedly connected with one end of a screw connecting shaft and is stabilized by a bearing arranged on a shaft fixing plate at the fixed connection position, the other end of the screw connecting shaft close to the end is fixedly connected with a worm wheel, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel from the side for transmission; the worm simultaneously drives the two worm gears to rotate, so that the double screws rotate in the same direction, the same speed and the same torque; the end of one end of the worm wheel of the screw connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a bearing arranged in the bearing fixing piece and used for stabilizing the other end of the screw connecting shaft;
the shaft fixing plate is fixedly connected with the charging barrel, and a charging barrel heat insulation layer is arranged at the joint of the shaft fixing plate and the charging barrel so as to reduce high-temperature transmission of the charging barrel;
the shaft fixing plate is also provided with a cooling water circulation channel, so that the heat transfer influence of the charging barrel is reduced, and the overheating damage is avoided;
the bearing fixing piece is also provided with a bearing end cover so as to be convenient to overhaul and disassemble;
the driving mechanism is as shown in the attached drawing 3, comprises a stepping motor and a motor reducer which are in transmission connection with each other, and further comprises a worm fixing piece and a driving connecting plate, the stepping motor is transmitted to the driving motor reducer and is transmitted to a worm through an output shaft of the motor reducer, the worm fixing piece comprises a bearing to play a role in stabilizing the worm, and the driving connecting plate is respectively connected with the worm fixing piece and the motor reducer together to play a role in a flange and can serve as a bearing cover of the bearing in the worm fixing piece.
Application example 1
The application example is fused deposition modeling 3D printing which adopts polypropylene/hexagonal boron nitride (PP/h-BN) composite material as printing raw material, and adopts the co-rotating conical twin-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle described in the embodiment 1, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing powder materials of the two components by taking polypropylene as a matrix and hexagonal boron nitride with the mass fraction of 35 wt% as a filler to obtain a mixed material;
(2) gradually pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (1) into a charging opening of a charging barrel, setting the screw rotating speed of a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle to be 20r/min, and setting the output torque of a driving motor to be 2.3 N.m;
(3) printing preparation is carried out according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, the printing speed is set to 3000mm/min, the temperature of a hot bed is 80 ℃, and the temperature of a nozzle is 220 ℃.
The finally prepared printed article was used as a sample and tested for properties.
The mechanical property results show that the tensile strength of the composite material can reach 36MPa, the Young modulus can reach 2250MPa, and the notch impact strength is 6.5kJ/m2。
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images show that the dispersibility of the filler in the PP/h-BN composite material is good, which shows that the melt blending effect of the double-screw nozzle is good.
Application comparative example 1
The application example is fused deposition modeling 3D printing which adopts polypropylene/hexagonal boron nitride (PP/h-BN) composite material as printing raw material and adopts the traditional fused deposition 3D printing technology (HORI Z300FDM printer), and mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing powder materials of the two components by taking polypropylene as a matrix and hexagonal boron nitride with the mass fraction of 35 wt% as a filler to obtain a mixed material;
(2) carrying out double-screw melt extrusion granulation on the mixed material obtained in the step (1) to obtain mixed granules, wherein the process parameters of the double-screw melt extrusion granulation are as follows: the temperatures from the hopper to the head were 150, 170, 180, 200, 190 ℃ and the screw speed was 120 rpm.
(3) And (3) printing the mixed granules obtained in the step (2) according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, wherein the printing speed is set to 3000mm/min, the temperature of a hot bed is 80 ℃, and the temperature of a nozzle is 220 ℃.
The finally prepared printed product is used as a sample, the mechanical property of the printed product is tested to obtain the composite material, the tensile strength of the composite material is 35MPa, the Young modulus is about 2200MPa, and the notch impact strength is 7kJ/m2。
Application example 2
The application example is fused deposition modeling 3D printing which adopts polylactic acid/poly butylene succinate (PLA/PBS) blend as printing raw material, and adopts the co-rotating conical twin-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle described in the embodiment 1, and mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing granules of the two components to obtain a mixed material, wherein a polylactic acid polymer is used as a continuous phase, and 40 wt% of polybutylene succinate is used as a dispersed phase;
(2) gradually pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (1) into a charging opening of a charging barrel, setting the screw rotating speed of a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle to be 15r/min, and setting the output torque of a driving motor to be 2.3 N.m;
(3) printing preparation is carried out according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, the printing speed is set to be 1800mm/min, and the temperature of a hot bed is 60 ℃. The nozzle temperature was 200 ℃.
The finally prepared printed article was used as a sample and tested for properties.
The mechanical property results show that the tensile strength of the PLA/PBS blend can reach 44MPa, the Young modulus can reach 1450MPa, and the notch impact strength is 6.8kJ/m2。
Comparative application example 2
The application example is fused deposition modeling 3D printing which adopts polylactic acid/polybutylene succinate (PLA/PBS) blend as printing raw material, and adopts the traditional fused deposition modeling 3D printing technology (HORI Z300FDM printer), and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing granules of the two components by taking polylactic acid as a continuous phase and 40 wt% of polybutylene succinate as a dispersed phase to obtain a mixed material;
(2) carrying out double-screw melt extrusion granulation on the mixed material obtained in the step (1) to obtain mixed granules, wherein the process parameters of the double-screw melt extrusion granulation are as follows: the temperatures from the hopper to the head were 120, 150, 180, 190, 200, 180 ℃ and the screw speed was 80 rpm.
(3) And (3) printing the mixed granules obtained in the step (2) according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, wherein the printing speed is set to be 1800mm/min, the temperature of a hot bed is 60 ℃, and the temperature of a nozzle is 200 ℃.
The finally prepared printed article was used as a sample and tested for properties.
The mechanical property results show that the tensile strength of the composite material can reach 42.5MPa, the Young modulus can reach 1330MPa, and the notch impact strength is 6.68kJ/m2。
Application example 3
The application example is fused deposition modeling 3D printing which adopts polylactic acid/poly butylene succinate (PLA/PBS) blend as printing raw material, and adopts the co-rotating conical twin-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle described in the embodiment 1, and mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing granules of the two components to obtain a mixed material, wherein a polylactic acid polymer is used as a continuous phase, and polybutylene succinate with the mass fraction of 20 wt% is used as a dispersed phase;
(2) gradually pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (1) into a charging opening of a charging barrel, setting the screw rotating speed of a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle to be 15r/min, and setting the output torque of a driving motor to be 2.3 N.m;
(3) printing preparation is carried out according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, the printing speed is set to be 1800mm/min, and the temperature of a hot bed is 60 ℃. The nozzle temperature was 200 ℃.
The finally prepared printed article was used as a sample and tested for properties.
The mechanical property results show that the tensile strength of the PLA/PBS blend can reach 56MPa, the Young modulus can reach 1900MPa, and the notch impact strength is 4kJ/m2。
Comparative application example 3
The application example is fused deposition modeling 3D printing which adopts polylactic acid/polybutylene succinate (PLA/PBS) blend as printing raw material, and adopts the traditional fused deposition modeling 3D printing technology (HORI Z300FDM printer), and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing granules of the two components by taking polylactic acid as a continuous phase and 20 wt% of polybutylene succinate as a dispersed phase to obtain a mixed material;
(2) carrying out double-screw melt extrusion granulation on the mixed material obtained in the step (1) to obtain mixed granules, wherein the process parameters of the double-screw melt extrusion granulation are as follows: the temperatures from the hopper to the head were 120, 150, 180, 190, 200, 180 ℃ and the screw speed was 80 rpm.
(3) And (3) printing the mixed granules obtained in the step (2) according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, wherein the printing speed is set to be 1800mm/min, the temperature of a hot bed is 60 ℃, and the temperature of a nozzle is 200 ℃.
The finally prepared printed article was used as a sample and tested for properties.
The mechanical property results showThe tensile strength of the composite material can reach 52MPa, the Young modulus can reach 1850MPa, and the notch impact strength is 4.1kJ/m2。

Claims (10)

1. A co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle is characterized by mainly comprising a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a screw extrusion mechanism which are sequentially connected, wherein the screw extrusion mechanism comprises a co-rotating conical double-screw rod component, a charging barrel and an extrusion head,
the homodromous conical double-screw component comprises two homodromous conical screws, each conical screw comprises a threaded section and a connecting section, each connecting section is in transmission connection with a transmission mechanism, the length of each threaded section is 85-95 mm, the inner diameter of each threaded section is linearly changed from 9.6-9.8 mm of a feeding end to 4.9-5.1 mm of a discharging end, the depth of a screw groove of each threaded section is also linearly changed from 6.4-6.6 mm of the feeding end to 1.8-2.0 mm of the discharging end, the screw pitch is 6-7 mm, the width of a screw edge is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the whole conical structure is formed;
the two conical screws rotating in the same direction are in clearance fit, and the included angle of the axial leads of the screws is 5-7 degrees;
an inner cavity of the charging barrel is an infinity-shaped channel and is in clearance fit with the homodromous rotating conical double-screw component, and a charging opening is formed in the charging barrel;
the extrusion head is fixedly connected with the discharge end of the charging barrel.
2. The 3D printing nozzle of claim 1, wherein: the transmission mechanism is driven by a worm gear and a worm, the transmission mechanism mainly comprises the worm gear and the worm, the worm is connected with the output end of the motor reducer, the transmission section of the conical screw is fixedly connected with the worm gear, and the worm is in meshing transmission with the worm gear from the side face.
3. The 3D printing nozzle of claim 2, wherein: the transmission mechanism further comprises a screw rod connecting shaft, the connecting section of the conical screw rod is fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod connecting shaft, the other end of the screw rod connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a worm wheel, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel from the side for transmission.
4. The 3D printing nozzle according to claim 3, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a stepping motor and a motor reducer which are in transmission connection with each other, wherein the stepping motor is transmitted to the driving motor reducer and is transmitted to the worm through an output shaft of the motor reducer.
5. 3D printing head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and a cooling water circulation channel is arranged in the transmission mechanism.
6. The 3D printing nozzle of claim 1, wherein: the charging barrel is characterized in that a charging opening is formed in the side wall of the charging barrel and is positioned above the feeding end of the threaded section.
7. The 3D printing nozzle of claim 1, wherein: and the charging barrel is also provided with an electric heating coil.
8. A matched 3D printing process using the co-rotating conical twin-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle of claim 1, which is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the required raw material proportion, uniformly mixing the granular materials or powder materials of various raw materials to obtain a mixed material;
(2) gradually pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (1) through a feeding port of a charging barrel, setting the screw rotating speed of a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition molding extrusion type 3D printing nozzle to be 10-30 r/min, and setting the output torque of a driving motor to be 2.3-2.5 N.m;
(3) printing and preparing according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, wherein the printing speed is 600-4800 mm/min, and the temperature of a hot bed is 40-80 ℃.
9. The 3D printing process kit according to claim 8, wherein:
aiming at fused deposition modeling 3D printing of a polypropylene/hexagonal boron nitride composite material as a printing raw material, the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing powder materials of the two components to obtain a mixed material, wherein polypropylene is used as a matrix, and hexagonal boron nitride with the mass fraction of 20-40 wt% is used as a filler;
(2) gradually pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (1) into a charging opening of a charging barrel, setting the screw rotating speed of a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle to be 20r/min, and setting the output torque of a driving motor to be 2.3 N.m;
(3) printing preparation is carried out according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, the printing speed is set to 3000mm/min, and the temperature of a hot bed is 80 ℃.
10. The 3D printing process kit according to claim 8, wherein:
the method mainly comprises the following steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing granules of the two components to obtain a mixed material, wherein a polylactic acid polymer is used as a continuous phase, and thermoplastic polyurethane with the mass fraction of 10-50 wt% is used as a dispersed phase;
(2) gradually pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (1) into a charging opening of a charging barrel, setting the screw rotating speed of a co-rotating conical double-screw fused deposition modeling extrusion type 3D printing nozzle to be 15r/min, and setting the output torque of a driving motor to be 2.3 N.m;
(3) printing preparation is carried out according to a three-dimensional digital model of a required product, the printing speed is set to be 1800mm/min, and the temperature of a hot bed is 50 ℃.
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