CN113662593A

CN113662593A - Cell puncture needle for pathology examination

Info

Publication number: CN113662593A
Application number: CN202111019317.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓青; 陈岚; 韩瑞娟
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-09-01
Filing date: 2021-09-01
Publication date: 2021-11-19

Abstract

The invention relates to a cell puncture needle for pathological examination, which comprises a shell, wherein the shell is connected with a sleeve, the shell is slidably connected with a limiting cylinder arranged in the shell, the limiting cylinder is coaxially and slidably connected with a solid needle, when the solid needle moves into the limiting cylinder under the action of force, the limiting cylinder is moved and drives the placing box to enable the first hollow needle to be coaxial with the sleeve, the support plate is separated from the baffle plate, the support plate moves towards the direction close to the support frame under the action of the elastic force of the limiting spring, when the support plate is fixed on the slideway through the second locking structure, the second hollow needle penetrates through the sleeve, the needle head end of the second hollow needle is aligned with the right port of the sleeve, the transmission device is started, the transmission device drives the second hollow needle to move rightwards through the support plate, the first locking structure is closed, and the tip end of the first hollow needle penetrates through the sleeve and is aligned with the needle head end of the second hollow needle under the elastic action of the limiting spring.

Description

Cell puncture needle for pathology examination

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical surgical instrument, in particular to a cell puncture needle for pathological examination.

Background

Tumors are diseases seriously harming human health and life, the incidence rate gradually rises in recent years, the onset age gradually declines, and early detection, correct diagnosis and timely treatment have important influence on prognosis. With the continuous improvement of examination means and methods, the diagnosis accuracy is gradually improved, but a large part of tumors still have no typical imaging characteristics and are difficult to diagnose. The correct diagnosis requires three combinations of clinical, imaging and pathology. Among them, pathological diagnosis plays a key role in the selection of a treatment regimen. Needle biopsy is the primary way to obtain a pathological diagnosis.

The existing common ejection type hollow needle has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation, but when the focus is at a deeper position under the skin of a human body, the focus position needs to be positioned by an ultrasonic detector, after a patient is locally anesthetized, a small incision is made at a proper position by a scalpel, a solid needle head with a sleeve is inserted into the position close to the focus from the small incision, the solid needle head is pulled out, and then the ejection type hollow needle is inserted into the proper position through the sleeve for ejection sampling, the puncture sampling mode needs a doctor to judge the position, the depth, the shape and the size of the focus by the image of the ultrasonic detector, then the ejection type hollow needle is used for ejection sampling, the operation sampling difficulty is high, when the ejection distance is not held, the ejection type hollow needle has the risk of damaging large blood vessels in the ejection process, and simultaneously in the ejection process of the ejection type hollow needle, because the puncture needs to be carried into the focus, stronger ejection power is needed, and the ejection power usually has stronger striking vibration feeling, which causes discomfort to patients.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a cell puncture needle for pathological examination, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a cell puncture needle for pathological examination comprises a shell, wherein the shell is a rectangular body which is horizontally placed, a sleeve is connected onto the right side wall of the shell, one end of the sleeve penetrates through the side wall of the shell, the other end of the sleeve is arranged outside the shell, a limiting cylinder arranged in the shell is connected onto the shell in a sliding mode and slides along the front-back direction, the limiting cylinder and the sleeve are coaxially arranged, a solid needle arranged in the sleeve is coaxially connected onto the limiting cylinder in a sliding mode, the non-needle head end of the solid needle is elastically connected with the sleeve, the needle head end of the solid needle penetrates through the sleeve and is arranged outside the sleeve, a placing box arranged in the shell is fixedly connected onto the limiting cylinder, a supporting frame arranged above the placing box is fixedly connected onto the placing box, a first hollow needle with the axis arranged along the left-right direction is slidably connected onto the supporting frame, a first locking structure is arranged on the supporting frame, the first locking structure fixes the first hollow needle onto the supporting frame when opened, the first hollow needle is matched with a second hollow needle arranged in the first hollow needle in a coaxial sliding manner, the needle tip end of the first hollow needle is aligned with the needle tip end of the second hollow needle, the non-needle tip end of the second hollow needle is connected with a support plate, a limiting spring sleeved on the second hollow needle is arranged between the support plate and the support frame, one end of the limiting spring is connected with the support frame, the other end of the limiting spring is connected with the support plate, a baffle plate arranged between the support plate and the support frame is arranged on the shell, the right side wall of the support plate is attached to the left side wall of the baffle plate under the elastic force of the limiting spring, a slide way is connected on the support plate in a sliding manner, a second locking structure is arranged between the slide way and the second hollow needle, the second locking structure is fixed on the slide way when opened, a transmission device arranged between the slide way and a placing box is arranged on the placing box, when the solid needle moves to the limiting cylinder under the force, the limiting cylinder moves the placing box to enable the first hollow needle to be coaxial with the sleeve, the support plate is separated from the baffle plate, the support plate moves towards the direction close to the support frame under the elastic action of the limiting spring, when the support plate is fixed on the slide way through the second locking structure, the second hollow needle penetrates through the sleeve, the needle head end of the second hollow needle is aligned with the right port of the sleeve, the transmission device is started, the transmission device drives the second hollow needle to move rightwards under the driving of the support plate, the first locking structure is closed, and the tip end of the first hollow needle penetrates through the sleeve and is aligned with the tip end of the second hollow needle under the elastic action of the limiting spring.

Preferably, one end of the sleeve close to the shell is coaxially and rotatably connected with a rotating ring, the inner side wall of the rotating ring is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves, the plurality of limiting grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner side wall of the rotating ring, the notches of the limiting grooves are arranged in the inner side wall of the rotating ring, the rotating ring is elastically connected with a plurality of limiting balls arranged in the plurality of limiting grooves, the plurality of limiting balls are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of limiting grooves, the sleeve is circumferentially and uniformly provided with a plurality of ball grooves matched with the limiting balls, the plurality of ball grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of limiting balls, the rotating ring is fixedly connected with a support, the support is in damping sliding connection with a supporting leg, one end of the supporting leg is arranged in the support and slides along the left-right direction, the other end of the supporting leg is arranged outside the support and is hinged with a bottom plate through a ball, the support is elastically and slidably connected with a pressing plate along the front-back direction under the action of force, a triggering mechanism arranged on the side wall of the shell is arranged between the pressing plate and the shell, when the trigger mechanism is closed, the pressure plate is pressed to contact with the side wall of the supporting leg under the action of stress, so that the supporting leg does not move transversely under the action of external force.

Preferably, the upper side wall of the shell is provided with an abdicating through groove, the path of the abdicating through groove is L-shaped, the abdicating through groove consists of a transverse groove and a vertical groove, the shell is provided with a slide bar, the axis of the slide bar is arranged along the front-back direction, the limiting cylinder is connected with the slide bar in a sliding way, the slide bar is sleeved with a thrust spring arranged between the limiting cylinder and the side wall of the shell, when the solid needle is coaxial with the sleeve, the thrust spring is in a compressed state, the limiting cylinder is connected with a pull rod in a sliding way, the pull rod is an L-shaped rod and consists of a cross rod and a vertical rod, one end of the cross rod is arranged in the limiting cylinder and is fixedly connected with one end of the non-needle head of the solid needle, the other end of the cross rod penetrates through the limiting cylinder and is arranged outside the limiting cylinder, the vertical rod penetrates through the abdication through groove and is arranged outside the shell, the vertical rod is pulled to slide on the transverse groove, the vertical rod drives the solid needle to move towards the limiting cylinder, when the solid needle completely moves to the limiting cylinder, the vertical rod moves towards the vertical groove direction to drive the limiting cylinder to move.

Preferably, the first locking structure comprises a first wedge block which is elastically and slidably connected to the support frame, the first wedge block slides along the front-back direction, under the action of elasticity, one end of a wedge surface of the first wedge block is inserted into the side wall of the first hollow needle, so that the first hollow needle cannot move towards the direction close to the sleeve under the action of stress, the support frame is elastically and slidably connected with a moving column, the moving column slides along the left-right direction, the left end of the moving column is connected with a first clamping plate, the right end of the moving column is connected with one end of the first wedge block through a rope, the first locking structure further comprises a stretching column which is elastically and slidably connected to the left side wall of the shell, the stretching column penetrates through the left side wall of the shell and slides along the left-right direction, one end of the stretching column is arranged in the shell, the other end of the stretching column is arranged outside the shell, one end of the stretching column arranged in the shell is connected with a second clamping plate, when the first hollow needle moves to be coaxial with the sleeve, first cardboard and second cardboard sliding contact form the buckle, and pulling tensile post left, tensile post drive move the post left and move and drive first wedge through the rope and move to the direction of keeping away from first hollow needle, make first retaining structure close, first hollow needle can slide on the support frame.

Preferably, the second locking mechanism comprises a second wedge-shaped block which is elastically and slidably connected to the support plate, the second wedge-shaped block slides along the vertical direction, a second wedge-shaped groove matched with the second wedge-shaped block is formed in the slide, and when the second wedge-shaped block is arranged in the second wedge-shaped groove, the slide moves to drive the support plate to move through the second wedge-shaped block.

Preferably, transmission sets up along the fixed station of left right direction including placing the box in, lateral wall and placing box fixed connection around the fixed station, the fixed station outer fringe and placing are equipped with the clearance between the box, the inside cavity that is equipped with of fixed station, sliding connection has the connecting block on the wall of top on the fixed station, the connecting block slides along controlling the direction, rotate on the fixed station and be connected with the lead screw of arranging in the fixed station, the axis direction of lead screw is parallel with telescopic axis direction, lead screw one end is arranged in the fixed station, the lead screw other end runs through fixed station and casing left side wall and places in outside the casing, the connecting block lower extreme is connected with the screw nut that the lead screw matches, the connecting block upper end is connected with the rotation belt wheel of matching winding on the fixed station outer fringe, when rotating the lead screw, nut on the lead screw drives the rotation belt wheel and moves along the axis direction of lead screw.

Preferably, one end of the screw rod, which is arranged outside the shell, is connected with a rotating column, and the outer side wall of the rotating column is provided with anti-skid grains.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention uses the arrangement of the rotating ring, the support, the supporting leg and the bottom plate of the ball hinge, so that the invention can better play a supporting role in use, the operation quality is improved, the trigger plate is driven to move leftwards by pressing the button column and the second right-angled trapezoid block, the pressure plate is driven to move by the first pull rope, the unlocking rod and the unlocking block, so that the pressure plate is separated from the supporting leg, the sleeve is continuously inserted into a human body, the bottom plate moves towards the direction close to the support, when the sleeve is inserted into the moving position, the button column is loosened, so that the supporting leg is locked at the current position, and the stability of the invention when the sleeve is inserted into different depths is improved.

2. The solid needle, the first hollow needle and the second hollow needle are in linkage design, so that the operation steps are optimized, the frequency of shaking caused by frequent article exchange of a user is reduced, and the operation quality is greatly improved.

3. The invention greatly reduces the discomfort brought to the patient by the existing ejection mode by rotating the screw rod for feeding, greatly reduces the difficulty of puncturing and pricking the focus, and ensures that the puncturing operation is more accurate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective cross-sectional view of a top wall of a concealed housing according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the top wall of the concealed housing of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the transmission and a portion of the connecting member of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of B in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of C in fig. 5.

FIG. 8 is a partially cut-away perspective view of the rotating ring and the connecting member of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of D in fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a partially cut-away perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of E in fig. 10.

The corresponding relation of the component names in the figure is as follows:

1. a housing; 2. a sleeve; 3. a limiting cylinder; 4. a solid needle; 5. placing the box; 6. a support frame; 7. a first hollow needle; 8. a second core pin; 9. a support plate; 10. a limiting spring; 11. a baffle plate; 12. a slideway; 13. a rotating ring; 14. a limiting groove; 15. a restraining ball; 16. a ball groove; 17. a support; 18. a support leg; 19. a base plate; 20. pressing a plate; 21. a yielding through groove; 22. a slide bar; 23. a thrust spring; 24. a pull rod; 25. a first wedge block; 26. moving the column; 27. a first clamping plate; 28. stretching the column; 29. a second clamping plate; 30. a second wedge block; 31. a second wedge-shaped groove; 32. a fixed table; 33. connecting blocks; 34. a lead screw; 35. a lead screw nut; 36. rotating the belt loop; 37. rotating the column; 38. a chute; 39. a restraining spring; 40. a sliding plate; 41. a first spring; 42. a second spring; 43. an unlocking lever; 44. a first right angle trapezoidal block; 45. unlocking the block; 46. a first through groove; 47. a button box; 48. a third spring; 49. a button post; 50. a button spring; 51. a second right angle trapezoidal block; 52. a trigger plate; 53. a second through groove; 54. a first pull cord; 55. a stopper; 56. a fourth spring; 57. a first wedge groove; 58. a second pull cord; 59. a fifth spring; 60. a sixth spring; 61. a seventh spring; 62. a protruding block; 63. stretching the baffle; 64. a sliding through groove.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 11 of the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1, a cell puncture needle for pathology examination, comprising a housing 1, wherein the housing 1 is a horizontally placed rectangular body, a right side wall of the housing 1 is connected with a sleeve 2, an axis of the sleeve 2 is horizontally arranged, a left end of the sleeve 2 penetrates through the right side wall of the housing 1, so that the interior of the housing 1 is communicated with the outside through the sleeve 2, a right end of the sleeve 2 is disposed outside the housing 1, the housing 1 is slidably connected with a limiting cylinder 3 disposed in the housing 1, a right side wall of the housing 1 is provided with a chute 38 disposed in the housing 1, a right end of the limiting cylinder 3 is disposed in the chute 38, the limiting cylinder 3 slides in the chute 38 along the front-back direction, the limiting cylinder 3 and the sleeve 2 are coaxially arranged, the limiting cylinder 3 is coaxially sleeved with a solid needle 4, the solid needle 4 slides in the axis direction of the limiting cylinder 3, the left end of the solid needle 4 is matched and attached to the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 3, the right end of the solid needle 4 passes through the sleeve 2, the needle head end of the solid needle 4 arranged on the right side penetrates through the sleeve 2 and is arranged outside the sleeve 2, the limiting spring 39 arranged between the left end of the solid needle 4 and the left side wall of the limiting cylinder 3 is coaxially sleeved on the limiting cylinder 3, the limiting spring 39 is arranged in the limiting cylinder 3 and used for limiting the right thrust of the solid needle 4 by the spring 39, the needle head end of the solid needle 4 penetrates through the sleeve 2 and is arranged outside the sleeve 2, the limiting cylinder 3 is fixedly connected with a placing box 5 arranged in the shell 1, the placing box 5 is positioned in front of the limiting cylinder 3 and slides in the front-back direction in the shell 1, a supporting frame 6 arranged above the placing box 5 is fixedly connected on the placing box 5, a sliding plate 40 is slidably connected on the supporting frame 6, the sliding plate 40 slides in the left-right direction, a first hollow needle 7 arranged on the right side of the sliding plate 40 is fixedly connected on the sliding plate 40, the left end of the first hollow needle 7 penetrates through the sliding plate 40, the right end of the first hollow needle 7 is a needle head end, a first locking structure is arranged between the support frame 6 and the sliding plate 40, when the first locking structure is opened, the sliding plate 40 is fixed on the support frame 6, a second hollow needle 8 is coaxially sleeved on the first hollow needle 7, the second hollow needle 8 slides along the left and right direction, the outer side wall of the second hollow needle 8 is attached to the inner side wall of the first hollow needle 7 to slide, the needle point of the first hollow needle 7 is aligned with the needle point of the second hollow needle 8, the non-needle tip end of the second hollow needle 8 is connected with the support plate 9, the second hollow needle 8 is provided with a limiting spring 10 arranged between the support plate 9 and the support frame 6, one end of the limiting spring 10 is connected with the support frame 6, the other end of the limiting spring 10 is connected with the support plate 9, the shell 1 is provided with the baffle plate 11 arranged between the support plate 9 and the support frame 6, under the elastic force of the limiting spring 10, the right side wall of the support plate 9 is attached to the left side wall of the baffle plate 11, a slide way 12 is connected on the support plate 9 in a sliding way, a second locking structure is arranged between the slide way 12 and the second hollow needle 8, when the second locking structure is opened, the second hollow needle 8 is fixed on the slide way 12, a transmission device arranged between the slide way 12 and the placing box 5 is arranged on the placing box 5, when the solid needle 4 is forced to move into the limiting cylinder 3, the limiting cylinder 3 is moved and drives the placing box 5 to enable the first hollow needle 7 to be coaxial with the sleeve 2, the support plate 9 is separated from the baffle 11 and is not contacted with the baffle plate, the support plate 9 moves towards the direction close to the support frame 6 under the elastic force of a limiting spring 10, when the support plate 9 is fixed on the slide way 12 through the second locking structure, the second hollow needle 8 penetrates through the sleeve 2, the needle head end of the second hollow needle 8 is aligned with the right end opening of the sleeve 2, the transmission device is started, the transmission device drives the support plate 9 to drive the second hollow needle 8 to move rightwards, and closes the first locking structure, under the action of the elastic force of the limiting spring 10, the tip end of the first hollow needle 7 penetrates through the sleeve 2 and is aligned with the tip end position of the second hollow needle 8.

Embodiment 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, a rotating ring 13 is rotatably connected to one end of the sleeve 2 close to the housing 1, the rotating ring 13 and the sleeve 2 are coaxially arranged, a plurality of limiting grooves 14 are formed in an inner side wall of the rotating ring 13, the plurality of limiting grooves 14 are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the inner side wall of the rotating ring 13, the rotating ring 13 is slidably connected with a plurality of limiting balls 15 arranged in the plurality of limiting grooves 14, the plurality of limiting balls 15 correspond to the plurality of limiting grooves 14 one to one, the rotating ring 13 is provided with a plurality of first springs 41 corresponding to the plurality of limiting grooves 14 one to one, the first springs 41 are located between a bottom wall of the limiting grooves 14 and the limiting balls 15, the first springs 41 provide thrust force to the limiting balls 15 in an axial direction of the sleeve 2, so that the limiting balls 15 are tightly attached to the openings of the limiting grooves 14, a plurality of ball grooves 16 matched with the limiting balls 15 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the sleeve 2, the plurality of ball grooves 16 correspond to the plurality of limiting balls 15 one to one, the rotating ring 13 is fixedly connected with a support 17, the support 17 is connected with a support leg 18 in a damping sliding manner, one end of the support leg 18 is arranged in the support 17 and slides along the left-right direction, the other end of the support leg 18 is arranged outside the support 17 and is hinged with a bottom plate 19 through a ball, the support 17 is provided with a pressure plate 20 sliding along the front-back direction, a second spring 42 arranged on the support 17 is arranged between the rear side wall of the pressure plate 20 and the support 17, one end of the second spring 42 is connected with the support 17, the other end of the second spring 42 is connected with the pressure plate 20, the pressure plate 20 applies force to the support leg 18 direction through the second spring 42, so that the pressure plate 20 is in extrusion contact with the support leg 18 under the action of the force, a trigger mechanism arranged on the side wall of the shell 1 is arranged between the pressure plate 20 and the shell 1, the trigger mechanism comprises an unlocking rod 43 vertically and slidably connected on the support 17, the unlocking rod 43 slides along the vertical direction, the lower end of the unlocking rod is connected with a first right-angle trapezoidal block 44, the upper end of the first right-angle trapezoidal block 44 is connected with the unlocking rod 43, the upper bottom area of the first right-angle trapezoidal block 44 is smaller than the lower bottom area, the inclined surface of the first right-angle trapezoidal block 44 is arranged backwards, the pressure plate 20 is provided with a transverse unlocking block 45, the unlocking block 45 is vertically provided with a first through groove 46, the lower end of the unlocking rod 43 penetrates through the unlocking block 45, the first right-angle trapezoidal block 44 is positioned below the first unlocking block 45, the inclined surface of the first right-angle trapezoidal block 44 is contacted with the rear side wall of the first through groove 46, when the unlocking rod 43 moves upwards, the pressure plate 20 is driven to move backwards by the first right-angle trapezoidal block 44 and the unlocking block 45, the pressure plate 20 is separated from the contact with the supporting legs 18, the push button box 47 is connected on the rear side wall of the shell 1 in a left-right sliding manner, the shell 1 is transversely provided with a third spring 48, one end of the third spring 48 is connected with the side wall of the push button box 47, the third spring 48 pushes the button box 47 leftwards, the button box 47 is connected with a button column 49 arranged along the front-back direction in a sliding manner, the button column 49 slides along the front-back direction, a button spring 50 is coaxially sleeved on the button column 49, one end of the button spring 50 is connected with the button column 49, the other end of the button spring 50 is connected with the button box 47, the button spring 50 gives the button column 49 horizontal backward force, the lower end of the button column 49 is connected with a second right-angled trapezoidal block 51, the rear end of the second right-angled trapezoidal block 51 is connected with the button column 49, the front bottom area of the second right-angled trapezoidal block 51 is smaller than the rear bottom area, the inclined surface of the second right-angled trapezoidal block 51 is arranged leftwards, a trigger plate 52 transversely arranged is penetrated on the right side wall of the button box 47 in a sliding manner, the trigger plate 52 slides along the left-right direction, the second right-angled trapezoidal block 51 is arranged behind the trigger plate 52, a second through groove 53 is formed in the front-back direction on the trigger plate 52, the front end of the second right-angle trapezoidal block 51 is contacted with the left side wall of the second through groove 53, when the button column 49 is pressed down, the second right-angle trapezoidal block 51 moves downwards to drive the trigger plate 52 to move leftwards, the trigger plate 52 is connected with the unlocking rod 43 through the first pull rope 54, one end of the first pull rope 54 is connected with the trigger plate 52, the other end of the first pull rope 54 penetrates through the side wall of the shell 1 to be connected with the unlocking rod 43, the trigger plate 52 is provided with a stop block 55 arranged in the button box 47, and when the trigger plate 52 moves rightwards, the stop block 55 drives the button box 47 to move rightwards.

When the device is used, the rotating ring 13 is rotated to adjust the bottom plate 19 to a proper position, the first pull rope 54 enables the button box 47 to move rightwards by overcoming the elasticity of the third spring 48 through the trigger plate 52, the sleeve 2 is inserted into a human body, when the bottom plate 19 contacts the human body, the button column 49 is pressed, the second right-angled trapezoidal block 51 moves to drive the trigger plate 52 to move leftwards, the press plate 20 is driven to move by the first pull rope 54, the unlocking rod 43 and the unlocking block 45, the press plate 20 is separated from the contact with the supporting leg 18, the sleeve 2 is continuously inserted into the human body, the bottom plate 19 moves towards the direction close to the support seat 17, when the sleeve 2 is inserted into the mobile position, the button post 49 is released, so that the leg 18 is locked in the current position, at which point the bottom plate 19 is in contact with the surface of the human body via a ball joint, and the support function is formed with the rotating ring 13 of the support 17, so that the shaking of the sleeve 2 inserted into the human body caused by the shaking of the user is reduced, the injury to the human body is further reduced, and the operation quality is improved.

Embodiment 3, on the basis of embodiment 1, a yielding through groove 21 is formed on the upper side wall of a shell 1, the path of the yielding through groove 21 is L-shaped, the yielding through groove 21 is composed of a transverse groove and a vertical groove, the transverse groove is positioned on the left side of the vertical groove, a sliding rod 22 with an axis arranged along the front-back direction is arranged on the shell 1, a limiting block connected to the sliding rod 22 in a sliding manner is arranged on a limiting cylinder 3, a thrust spring 23 arranged between the limiting block and the side wall of the shell 1 is sleeved on the sliding rod 22, when a solid needle 4 is coaxial with a sleeve 2, the thrust spring 23 is in a compressed state, a pull rod 24 is connected to the limiting cylinder 3 in a sliding manner, the pull rod 24 slides along the axis direction of the limiting cylinder 3, the pull rod 24 is L-shaped, the pull rod 24 is composed of a cross rod and a vertical rod, the cross rod is positioned on the right side of the vertical rod, the vertical rod is vertically arranged and positioned above the cross rod, one end of the cross rod is arranged in the limiting cylinder 3 and fixedly connected with one end of a non-needle head of the solid needle 4, the other end of the cross rod penetrates through the limiting barrel 3 and is arranged outside the limiting barrel 3, and the vertical rod penetrates through the abdicating through groove 21 and is arranged outside the shell 1.

When the needle is used, the vertical rod is pulled, the vertical rod slides on the transverse groove, the vertical rod drives the solid needle 4 to move in the limiting cylinder 3, when the solid needle 4 completely moves to the limiting cylinder 3, the thrust of the limiting block is given by the thrust spring 23, the limiting cylinder 3 slides on the sliding rod 22, and at the moment, the vertical rod moves to the vertical groove from the transverse groove, so that the box 5 is driven to move, and the first hollow needle 7 is coaxial with the sleeve 2.

Embodiment 4, on the basis of embodiment 1, the first locking structure includes a first wedge 25 slidably connected to the supporting frame 6, the first wedge 25 slides in the front-back direction, the inclined profile of the wedge is disposed right, the supporting frame 6 is connected to a fourth spring 56 disposed between the supporting frame 6 and the first wedge 25, one end of the fourth spring 56 is connected to the first wedge 25, the other end of the fourth spring 56 is connected to the supporting frame 6, the sliding plate 40 is provided with a first wedge groove 57 matching with the lower first wedge 25, the first wedge 25 is under the action of elastic force, so that one end of the wedge surface of the first wedge 25 is inserted into the first wedge groove 57, the first hollow needle 7 is locked on the supporting frame 6, the side wall of the placing box 5 is provided with a protrusion 62 disposed front-back, the protrusion 62 is slidably connected to a moving column 26, the moving column 26 slides in the left-right direction, the left end of the moving column 26 is connected to a first catch plate 27, the movable column 26 is sleeved with a seventh spring 61 arranged between the extension block 62 and the first catch plate 27, one end of the seventh spring 61 is connected with the extension block 62, the other end of the seventh spring 61 is connected with the first catch plate 27, the seventh spring 61 provides a leftward thrust for the first catch plate 27, the right end of the movable column 26 is connected with one end of the first wedge-shaped block 25 through a second pull rope 58, the first locking structure further comprises a pull column 28 slidably connected to the left side wall of the casing 1, the pull column 28 penetrates through the left side wall of the casing 1 and slides in the left-right direction, the left end of the pull column 28 is connected with a pull baffle 63, the pull column 28 is sleeved with a fifth spring 59 arranged between the pull baffle 63 and the left side wall of the casing 1, one end of the fifth spring 59 is connected with the left side wall of the casing 1, the other end of the pull column 28 is connected with the right side wall of the pull baffle 63, the fifth spring 59 provides a leftward force for the pull baffle 63, one end of the pull column 28 is arranged in the casing 1, the other end of the stretching column 28 is arranged outside the shell 1, and the end of the stretching column 28 arranged inside the shell 1 is connected with a second clamping plate 29.

When the hollow core needle 7 is used, when the first hollow core needle 7 moves to be coaxial with the sleeve 2, the first clamping plate 27 and the second clamping plate 29 are in sliding contact to form a buckle, the stretching column 28 is pulled leftwards, the stretching column 28 drives the moving column 26 to move leftwards, and the first wedge-shaped block 25 is driven by the second pull rope 58 to move towards the direction away from the first hollow core needle 7, so that the first locking structure is closed, and the first hollow core needle 7 can slide on the support frame 6.

Embodiment 5, on the basis of embodiment 1, the second locking mechanism includes a second wedge 30 slidably connected to the support plate 9, the second wedge 30 slides along the vertical direction, the support plate 9 has a sixth spring 60 disposed between the support plate 9 and the second wedge 30, one end of the sixth spring 60 is connected to the support plate 9, the other end of the sixth spring 60 is connected to the upper end of the second wedge 30, the inclined surface of the second wedge 30 is disposed facing the right, the slide 12 is provided with a second wedge groove 31 matching with the second wedge 30, and when the second wedge 30 is disposed in the second wedge groove 31, the slide 12 moves to drive the support plate 9 to move via the second wedge 30.

Embodiment 6, on the basis of embodiment 1, the transmission device includes a fixed table 32 disposed in the placing box 5 along the left and right direction, the left and right ends of the fixed table 32 are arc surfaces, the front and rear side walls of the fixed table 32 are fixedly connected with the placing box 5, a gap is disposed between the outer edge of the fixed table 32 and the placing box 5, a cavity is disposed inside the fixed table 32, a connecting block 33 is slidably connected to the top wall of the fixed table 32, the connecting block 33 slides along the left and right direction, a lead screw 34 disposed in the fixed table 32 is rotatably connected to the fixed table 32, the axial direction of the lead screw 34 is parallel to the axial direction of the sleeve 2, one end of the lead screw 34 is disposed in the fixed table 32, the other end of the lead screw 34 penetrates through the left side wall of the fixed table 32 and the housing 1 and is disposed outside the housing 1, a sliding through groove 64 matched with the lead screw 34 is disposed on the left and right side wall of the housing 1 along the front and rear direction, one end of the lead screw 34 disposed outside the housing 1 slides on the sliding through groove 64 along the front and rear direction, the lower extreme of connecting block 33 is connected with lead screw nut 35 that lead screw 34 spiral matches, and the connecting block 33 upper end is connected with the rotation belt wheel of matching winding on the fixed station 32 outer fringe, and when rotating lead screw 34, lead screw nut 35 on the lead screw 34 drives and rotates the belt wheel and remove along lead screw 34's axis direction.

When the placing box 5 is moved to a certain position in use, the first hollow needle 7 is made to be coaxial with the sleeve 2, the support plate 9 is separated from the baffle 11 at the moment, the support plate 9 moves rightwards under the action of elasticity, the second wedge-shaped block 30 moves into the second wedge-shaped groove 31, the needle head of the second hollow needle 8 moves rightwards to be aligned with the port of the sleeve 2 at the moment, the limiting spring 10 is in a normal state, the screw rod 34 is rotated, the second hollow needle 8 is driven to move by overcoming the elasticity of the limiting spring 10 through the screw rod nut 35, the annular ring and the slide way 12, the needle head end of the second hollow needle 8 extends out of the sleeve 2 to the outside of the shell 1, the stretching baffle 63 is pulled, and the needle head passes through the stretching column 28 and the first clamping plate 27. The second catch plate 29 and the second pull rope 58 drive the first wedge-shaped block 25 to move, so that the first wedge-shaped block 25 is separated from the first wedge-shaped groove 57, at this time, the sliding plate 40 is moved towards the needle head end close to the second hollow core needle 8 by the elasticity of the limiting spring 10, and finally, the needle head end of the first hollow core needle 7 is aligned with the needle head end of the second hollow core needle 8.

Embodiment 7, on the basis of embodiment 6, one end of the screw 34, which is disposed outside the housing 1, is connected with a rotating column 37, the rotating column 37 is disposed coaxially with the screw 34, and the outer side wall of the rotating column 37 is provided with anti-skid threads.

When the invention is used, a user holds the invention with one hand, the focus position in a patient body is determined through ultrasonic imaging equipment with the help of an assistant, an incision is formed at a proper position, the user presets a path to be inserted in advance, the rotating ring 13 is rotated, the bottom plate 19 is adjusted to a proper position, the rotating ring 13 rotates to drive the support seat 17 to rotate, the first pull rope 54 enables the button box 47 to move rightwards through the trigger plate 52 against the elastic force of the third spring 48, the sleeve 2 sleeved with the solid needle 4 is inserted into the human body through the incision, when the support plate 9 contacts the human body, the button column 49 is pressed, the second right-angled trapezoidal block 51 moves to drive the trigger plate 52 to move leftwards, the press plate 20 is driven to move through the first pull rope 54, the unlocking rod 43 and the unlocking block 45, the press plate 20 is separated from the support leg 18, the sleeve 2 is continuously inserted into the human body, the support plate 9 moves towards the direction close to the support seat 17, when the sleeve 2 is inserted into a moving position, the button column 49 is loosened, the supporting leg 18 is locked at the current position, the supporting plate 9 is attached to the surface of a human body through the spherical hinge and forms a supporting function with the rotating ring 13 of the support 17, the vertical rod is pulled to slide on the transverse groove and drives the solid needle 4 to move towards the limiting barrel 3, when the solid needle 4 completely moves to the limiting barrel 3, the thrust spring 23 pushes the limiting block to enable the limiting barrel 3 to slide on the sliding rod 22, the vertical rod moves to the vertical groove from the transverse groove at the moment, so that the placing box 5 is driven to move, the first hollow needle 7 is coaxial with the sleeve 2, the supporting plate 9 is separated from the baffle 11 at the moment, the supporting plate 9 slides on the slide rail 12 under the elastic action of the compressed limiting spring 10, the second hollow needle 8 moves towards the direction close to the sleeve 2 until the second wedge 30 moves to the second wedge groove 31, and the limiting spring 10 is in a normal state, the rotating column 37 is rotated, the second hollow needle 8 is driven to move by overcoming the elasticity of the limiting spring 10 through the screw rod 34, the screw rod nut 35, the annular ring and the slide way 12, so that the needle head end of the second hollow needle 8 extends out of the shell 1 from the sleeve 2 until the second hollow needle 8 is seen to move to a proper position in a focus from an ultrasonic image, the rotating column 37 is stopped rotating, the stretching baffle 63 is pulled, and the second hollow needle passes through the stretching column 28 and the first clamping plate 27. The second clamping plate 29 and the pull rope drive the first wedge-shaped block 25 to move, so that the first wedge-shaped block 25 is separated from the first wedge-shaped groove 57, at the moment, the sliding plate 40 moves towards the needle head end close to the second hollow needle 8 under the elasticity of the limiting spring 10, and finally the needle head end of the first hollow needle 7 is aligned with the needle head end of the second hollow needle 8, the sleeve 2 is pulled out of the body, the process of taking the focus once is finished, and when the sliding plate 40 is pulled to enable the first wedge-shaped block 25 to move into the first wedge-shaped groove 57, the focus in the second hollow needle 8 can be taken out, and the puncture operation is completed.

When the needle head is inserted into the body of a patient in a puncture operation, the invention not only can stably take a focus, but also can accurately control the extending length of the needle head in the process of taking the focus, thereby ensuring that the needle head is accurately inserted into the focus.

Claims

1. The cell puncture needle for pathological examination comprises a shell (1) and is characterized in that the shell (1) is a rectangular body placed horizontally, the right side wall of the shell (1) is connected with a sleeve (2), one end of the sleeve (2) penetrates through the side wall of the shell (1), the other end of the sleeve (2) is arranged outside the shell (1), the shell (1) is connected with a limiting cylinder (3) arranged in the shell (1) in a sliding manner, the limiting cylinder (3) slides along the front and back direction, the limiting cylinder (3) and the sleeve (2) are coaxially arranged, the limiting cylinder (3) is coaxially connected with a solid needle (4) arranged in the sleeve (2) in a sliding manner, the non-needle end of the solid needle (4) is elastically connected with the sleeve (2), the needle end of the solid needle (4) penetrates through the sleeve (2) and is arranged outside the sleeve (2), and the limiting cylinder (3) is fixedly connected with a placing box (5) arranged in the shell (1), a supporting frame (6) arranged above the placing box (5) is fixedly connected on the placing box (5), a first hollow needle (7) with an axis arranged along the left-right direction is connected on the supporting frame (6) in a sliding way, a first locking structure is arranged on the supporting frame (6), the first hollow needle (7) is fixed on the supporting frame (6) when the first locking structure is opened, a second hollow needle (8) arranged in the first hollow needle (7) is matched and matched on the first hollow needle (7) in a coaxial sliding way, the needle point of the first hollow needle (7) is aligned with the needle point of the second hollow needle (8), the non-needle tip end of the second hollow needle (8) is connected with a supporting plate (9), a limiting spring (10) positioned between the supporting plate (9) and the supporting frame (6) is sleeved on the second hollow needle (8), one end of the limiting spring (10) is connected with the supporting frame (6), and the other end of the limiting spring (10) is connected with the supporting plate (9), the shell (1) is provided with a baffle (11) arranged between a support plate (9) and a support frame (6), under the elastic action of a limiting spring (10), the right side wall of the support plate (9) is attached to the left side wall of the baffle (11), the support plate (9) is connected with a slide way (12) in a sliding way, a second locking structure is arranged between the slide way (12) and a second hollow needle (8), when the second locking structure is opened, the second hollow needle (8) is fixed on the slide way (12), a transmission device arranged between the slide way (12) and a placing box (5) is arranged on the placing box (5), when a solid needle (4) is forced to move into the limiting cylinder (3), the limiting cylinder (3) is moved, the placing box (5) is driven by the limiting cylinder (3) to enable a first hollow needle (7) to be coaxial with a sleeve (2), the support plate (9) is separated from the baffle (11), and the support plate (9) is moved towards the direction close to the support frame (6) under the elastic action of the limiting spring (10), when the support plate (9) is fixed on the slide way (12) through the second locking structure, the second hollow needle (8) penetrates through the sleeve (2), the needle head end of the second hollow needle (8) is aligned with the right end opening of the sleeve (2), the transmission device is started, the transmission device drives the support plate (9) to drive the second hollow needle (8) to move rightwards, the first locking structure is closed, and the needle tip end of the first hollow needle (7) penetrates through the sleeve (2) and is aligned with the needle tip end position of the second hollow needle (8) under the elastic action of the limiting spring (10).

2. The cell puncture needle for pathological examination according to claim 1, wherein one end of the sleeve (2) close to the housing (1) is coaxially and rotatably connected with a rotating ring (13), the inner side wall of the rotating ring (13) is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves (14), the limiting grooves (14) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner side wall of the rotating ring (13), the notches of the limiting grooves (14) are arranged on the inner side wall of the rotating ring (13), the rotating ring (13) is elastically connected with a plurality of limiting balls (15) arranged in the limiting grooves (14), the limiting balls (15) are in one-to-one correspondence with the limiting grooves (14), the sleeve (2) is circumferentially and uniformly provided with a plurality of ball grooves (16) matched with the limiting balls (15), the ball grooves (16) are in one-to-one correspondence with the limiting balls (15), the rotating ring (13) is fixedly connected with a support (17), the damping sliding connection on the support (17) is provided with a supporting leg (18), one end of the supporting leg (18) is arranged in the support (17) and slides along the left-right direction, the other end of the supporting leg (18) is arranged outside the support (17) and is provided with a bottom plate (19) through a spherical hinge, the support (17) is elastically and slidably connected with a pressing plate (20) along the front-back direction, the pressing plate (20) is in extrusion contact with the supporting leg (18) under the action of force, a trigger mechanism arranged on the side wall of the shell (1) is arranged between the pressing plate (20) and the shell (1), when the trigger mechanism is closed, the pressure plate (20) is pressed and contacted with the side wall of the supporting leg (18) under the action of force, so that the supporting leg (18) does not transversely move under the action of the external force, when the trigger mechanism is opened, the pressure plate (20) is separated from the supporting leg (18), and the supporting leg (18) and the support (17) are damped, so that the supporting leg (18) transversely moves on the support (17) under the non-gravity action.

3. The cell puncture needle for pathological examination according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the housing (1) is provided with an abdicating through groove (21), the path of the abdicating through groove (21) is L-shaped, the abdicating through groove (21) comprises a transverse groove and a vertical groove, the housing (1) is provided with a slide bar (22) whose axis is arranged along the front-back direction, the limiting cylinder (3) is connected with the slide bar (22) in a sliding way, the slide bar (22) is sleeved with a thrust spring (23) arranged between the limiting cylinder (3) and the side wall of the housing (1), when the solid needle (4) is coaxial with the sleeve (2), the thrust spring (23) is in a compression state, the limiting cylinder (3) is connected with a pull bar (24) in a sliding way, the pull bar (24) is L-shaped, the pull bar (24) comprises a cross bar and a vertical bar, one end of the cross bar is arranged in the limiting cylinder (3) and is fixedly connected with the non-needle head end of the solid needle (4), the horizontal pole other end runs through a spacing section of thick bamboo (3) and places outside a spacing section of thick bamboo (3), the montant runs through logical groove (21) of stepping down and places in outside casing (1), and the pulling montant slides on the cross slot, and the montant drives solid needle (4) and removes to a spacing section of thick bamboo (3), when solid needle (4) completely move to a spacing section of thick bamboo (3), removes the montant to erecting the groove direction, drives a spacing section of thick bamboo (3) and removes.

4. The cell puncture needle for pathological examination according to claim 1, wherein the first locking structure comprises a first wedge block (25) elastically and slidably connected to the support frame (6), the first wedge block (25) slides along the front-back direction, the first wedge block (25) enables one end of the wedge surface of the first wedge block (25) to be inserted into the side wall of the first hollow needle (7) under the action of elastic force, the first hollow needle (7) cannot move towards the direction close to the sleeve (2) under the action of stress, the support frame (6) is elastically and slidably connected with a moving column (26), the moving column (26) slides along the left-right direction, the left end of the moving column (26) is connected with a first clamping plate (27), the right end of the moving column (26) is connected with one end of the first wedge block (25) through a rope, the first locking structure further comprises a pulling column (28) elastically and slidably connected to the left side wall of the housing (1), the stretching column (28) penetrates through the left side wall of the shell (1) and slides along the left-right direction, one end of the stretching column (28) is arranged in the shell (1), the other end of the stretching column (28) is arranged outside the shell (1), one end of the stretching column (28) arranged in the shell (1) is connected with a second clamping plate (29), when the first hollow needle (7) moves to be coaxial with the sleeve (2), the first clamping plate (27) is in sliding contact with the second clamping plate (29) to form a buckle, the stretching column (28) is pulled leftwards, the stretching column (28) drives the moving column (26) to move leftwards and drives the first wedge-shaped block (25) to move towards the direction far away from the first hollow needle (7) through a rope, the first locking structure is closed, and the first hollow needle (7) can slide on the support frame (6).

5. The cell puncture needle for pathological examination according to claim 1, wherein the second locking mechanism comprises a second wedge-shaped block (30) elastically and slidably connected to the support plate (9), the second wedge-shaped block (30) slides in the vertical direction, a second wedge-shaped groove (31) matched with the second wedge-shaped block (30) is formed in the slide way (12), and when the second wedge-shaped block (30) is placed in the second wedge-shaped groove (31), the slide way (12) moves to drive the support plate (9) to move through the second wedge-shaped block (30).

6. The cell puncture needle for pathological examination according to claim 1, wherein the transmission device comprises a fixing table (32) disposed in the placing box (5) along the left-right direction, the front and rear side walls of the fixing table (32) are fixedly connected with the placing box (5), a gap is provided between the outer edge of the fixing table (32) and the placing box (5), a cavity is provided inside the fixing table (32), a connecting block (33) is slidably connected to the top wall of the fixing table (32), the connecting block (33) slides along the left-right direction, a lead screw (34) disposed in the fixing table (32) is rotatably connected to the fixing table (32), the axial direction of the lead screw (34) is parallel to the axial direction of the sleeve (2), one end of the lead screw (34) is disposed in the fixing table (32), and the other end of the lead screw (34) penetrates through the fixing table (32) and the left side wall of the casing (1) and is disposed outside the casing (1), the lower end of the connecting block (33) is connected with a screw nut (35) matched with the screw rod (34), the upper end of the connecting block (33) is connected with a rotating belt ring (36) wound on the outer edge of the fixed table (32) in a matched mode, and when the screw rod (34) is rotated, the nut on the screw rod (34) drives the rotating belt ring (36) to move along the axis direction of the screw rod (34).

7. The cell puncture needle for pathological examination according to claim 6, wherein one end of the screw rod (34) disposed outside the housing (1) is connected with a rotating column (37), and the outer side wall of the rotating column (37) is provided with anti-skid threads.

8. The cell puncture needle for pathological examination according to claim 2, the triggering mechanism comprises an unlocking rod (43) vertically connected to the support (17) in a sliding manner, the unlocking rod (43) slides along the vertical direction, the lower end of the unlocking rod (43) is connected with a first right-angle trapezoidal block (44), the upper end of the first right-angle trapezoidal block (44) is connected with the unlocking rod (43), the upper bottom area of the first right-angle trapezoidal block (44) is smaller than the lower bottom area, the inclined plane of the first right-angle trapezoidal block (44) is arranged backwards, the pressure plate (20) is provided with a transverse unlocking block (45), the unlocking block (45) is vertically provided with a first through groove (46), the lower end of the unlocking rod (43) penetrates through the unlocking block (45), so that the first right-angle trapezoidal block (44) is positioned below the first unlocking block (45), and the inclined surface of the first right-angle trapezoidal block (44) is in contact with the rear side wall of the first through groove (46).