Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention comprises a box body 1, wherein the box body 1 is provided with a top end cover 2 which can be buckled; a bottom plate 3 capable of moving left and right along the box body 1 is arranged in the box body 1, and the bottom plate 3 can reset right; a guide rod 4 in the left-right direction is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 3, and a left limiting block 5, a middle limiting block 5 and a right limiting block 5 are fixedly arranged on the guide rod 4; a left movable plate 6 is arranged between the left and the middle limiting blocks 5; a right movable plate 7 is arranged between the middle and right limiting blocks 5; the two movable plates can slide along the guide rod 4; the upper end of each movable plate is connected with a vertical connecting rod 8, and the upper ends of the two connecting rods 8 and the left side of the box body 1 are respectively provided with a joint 9 matched with the pintle; the three joints 9 are coaxially arranged, and the side surfaces of the three joints are provided with grooves 10;
a limiting device capable of preventing the bottom plate 3 from rightwards resetting is arranged between the box body 1 and the bottom plate 3, and after the bottom plate 3 is pressed leftwards, the bottom plate 3 can be limited by the limiting device; a guide rail 11 positioned at the rear side of the movable plate is arranged in the box body 1, and a slide block 12 which can move left and right along the guide rail 11 and reset left is arranged on the guide rail 11; a support rod 13 which can move back and forth and reset backwards is inserted on the slide block 12; the front end of the supporting rod 13 is hinged with a deflector rod 14 which can only swing leftwards; the rear side wall of the box body 1 is in a step shape and is provided with a limiting hole 15, and the slide block 12 can be placed in the limiting hole 15 after moving rightwards; the leftward movement of the slide block 12 can drive the right movable plate 7 to move leftward firstly through the shift lever 14, and then drive the left movable plate 6 to move leftward; after moving leftwards, the left movable plate 6 pushes the limiting device to be loosened, so that the bottom plate 3 is reset rightwards, and the two movable plates are driven to reset rightwards.
In order to realize the matching of the biopsy gun and the needle head, the joint 9 is conical, the biopsy needle 34 is divided into three layers, wherein, the pintle of the solid needle inside the biopsy needle 34 corresponds to the joint 9 on the right connecting rod 8; the pintle of the middle layer of the biopsy needle 34 corresponds to the joint 9 on the left link 8; the outermost peg of the biopsy needle 34 corresponds to the hub 9 on the left side of the housing.
In order to facilitate the pressing of the bottom plate 3 to move left and right, a pressing cap 16 penetrating through the box body is arranged at the right end of the bottom plate 3, a plurality of first tension springs 17 are connected between the bottom plate 3 and the right side face of the box body 1.
For the sake of beauty and safety, the box body 1 is provided with a baffle 18, and the baffle 18 is provided with a abdicating groove 19 corresponding to the left and right connecting rods 8; meanwhile, the upper end of the sliding block 12 is arranged above the baffle 18, and the baffle 18 is provided with a sliding chute 20 corresponding to the sliding block 12; the upper end of the slider 12 is provided with a key 21 which is arranged above the baffle 18.
In order to realize the left-right movement and left reset of the sliding block 12 and the front-back movement and back reset of the supporting rod 13, a second tension spring 22 positioned between the left side of the sliding block 12 and the left side of the box body 1 is arranged on the guide rail 11; the upper end of the support rod 13 is a spherical body, and a pressure spring 23 positioned between the spherical body and the slide block 12 is sleeved on the support rod 13.
In order to press the support rod 13 conveniently, the support rod 13 is separated from the limiting hole 15, the limiting hole 15 is a stepped hole, a push rod 24 is movably inserted in the limiting hole 15, and protrusions are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the push rod 24.
In order to realize the hinge joint of the shift lever 14 and the support rod 13 and enable the shift lever 14 to only swing leftwards, the shift lever 14 is hinged in the middle of the left side surface of the support rod 13, and a third tension spring 25 is connected between the lower end of the shift lever 14 and the lower end of the support rod 13.
In order to realize that the slide block 12 moves leftwards, the right movable plate 7 can be firstly stirred to move leftwards, and the left movable plate 6 is stirred to move leftwards, the stair shape of the rear side wall of the box body 1 is sequentially reduced from right to left and is divided into three sections; smooth transition is carried out between the three sections; when the supporting rod 13 slides leftwards, the supporting rod can move backwards step by step through the stepped matching of the rear side surface of the box body 1; while the rear end face of the right movable plate 7 is disposed at the front side of the rear end face of the left movable plate 6.
In order to realize the limiting, the limiting device comprises an L-shaped hook 26 fixed on the left side wall of the box body 1, a fixing block 27 fixed on the left side of the guide rod 4 is arranged on the baffle plate 18, a positioning pin 28 capable of moving back and forth is inserted on the fixing block, the front end of the positioning pin 28 is an inclined plane matched with the hook 26, and a fourth tension spring 29 capable of enabling the positioning pin 28 to move forward is sleeved on the positioning pin 28; a rotating disc 30 is arranged on the bottom plate 3, two supporting rods 31 are arranged on the rotating disc 30, the supporting rod 31 on the right side is obliquely arranged towards the right, the supporting rod 31 on the left side is horizontally arranged towards the left, a movable groove 32 is arranged on the supporting rod 31 on the left side, and a positioning rod 33 arranged in the movable groove 32 is arranged on the pin; the left movable plate 6 moving leftwards can press the right supporting rod 31 to rotate the rotary plate 30, and then the left side of the rotary plate 30 drives the pin to move backwards to be separated from the hook 26.
In order to realize the stable sliding of the movable plates, the guide rods 4 are arranged in parallel, and each movable plate is sleeved on two guide rods 4 at the same time.
In order to realize the buckling of the upper end cover 2, the upper end cover 2 is matched with the box body 1 in a magnetic attraction mode.
The three-layer biopsy needle 34 used in the invention is specifically a centremost solid needle, and a sampling groove is arranged above the solid needle; the solid needle is sleeved with a layer of sampling sleeve which generally plays a role in cutting tissues and closing the sampling groove; a layer of protective sleeve is arranged outside the sampling sleeve and mainly plays a role in protection; namely, the inner layer, the middle layer and the outer layer.
When puncture is needed, the three layers of biopsy needles 34 are firstly matched with the three joints 9, and when the puncture is installed, the three layers of biopsy needles 34 can transversely penetrate through the grooves 10 on the joints 9, so that the joints 9 can be matched with each pintle; when the biopsy needle is installed, the pintle of the solid needle in the biopsy needle 34 corresponds to the joint 9 on the right connecting rod 8; the pintle of the middle layer of the biopsy needle 34 corresponds to the joint 9 on the left link 8; the outermost peg of the biopsy needle 34 corresponds to the hub 9 on the left side of the housing.
After the three layers of biopsy needles 34 are matched with the shell, the biopsy gun needs to be forced upwards; two steps of operation are needed during the power-on, the first direction presses the pressing cap 16 to the left to fix the bottom plate 3 by the limiting device, the second direction slides the key 21 to the right to place the support rod 13 in the limiting hole 15, and then the upper end cover 2 can be adsorbed on the box body 1 and the box body 1 can be held by one hand to puncture.
The principle and considerations of the "let-up" process are as follows:
the first step principle is as follows: it should be understood that the left movable plate 6 and the right movable plate 7 are both in a free state of sliding along the guide rod 4, so that the left movable plate 6 does not block the movement of the positioning pin 28 without external force; therefore, when the bottom plate 3 moves to the left, the positioning pin 28 installed at the left end of the bottom plate 3 will be caught on the hook 26, and the bottom plate 3 cannot be reset to the right.
In the second step, when the key 21 slides along the sliding slot 20, the sliding block 12 moves rightwards along the guide rail 11, and in the process that the sliding block 12 moves rightwards, the spherical body at the rear end of the supporting rod 13 is extruded by the rear side wall and the ladder shape of the box body 1; therefore, the supporting rod 13 moves rightwards and forwards in steps, and when the shift lever 14 at the front end of the supporting rod 13 contacts the left movable plate 6, the shift lever can shift the left movable plate 6 to move to the position-limiting block 5 at the middle of the left movable plate 6; then the shift lever 14 swings leftwards and then moves rightwards, at this time, the support rod 13 moves forwards for a certain distance again, the right movable plate 7 is shifted to the position where the right movable plate 7 is close to the limiting block 5 on the right side, then the shift lever 14 swings leftwards again, spans the right movable plate 7, and continues to move rightwards for a certain distance, the rear end of the support rod 13 is placed in the limiting hole 15, and the push rod 24 is extruded, so that the rear end of the push rod 24 is placed at the rear side of the box body 1. So far, the supporting rod 13 can not move leftwards when the key 21 is released; at the same time, the left end of the three layers of the biopsy needle 34 will be extended a short distance in sequence to facilitate the puncture (see fig. 3, and 4).
In the puncturing stage, the entire case 1 should be held smoothly, and the position of the biopsy needle 34 is displayed by ultrasonic waves, so that the outermost sleeve reaches the edge of the tumor cell to be sampled, and the inward puncturing is stopped. Sampling was started.
In the sampling stage, the whole box body 1 is held tightly; and the push rod 24 is pressed forwards, and after the pressing cap 16 is popped rightwards, the sampling is finished.
From the pressing of the push rod 24 to the rightward ejection of the pressing cap 16 (from the state I in FIG. 4 to the state II in FIG. 5), the specific operation principle inside the whole device is as follows:
the top rod 24 moves forward to extrude the support rod 13 to separate from the limiting hole 15, and at this time, the slide block 12 moves leftward along the guide rail 11 under the action of the second tension spring 22, so as to drive the support rod 13 to move leftward. The supporting rod 13 moves leftwards and firstly stirs the right movable rod to move leftwards, so that the solid needle in the biopsy needle 34 is punctured, and the sampling groove of the solid needle can be placed in the tissue; then the supporting rod 13 continues to move leftwards, and when the supporting rod 13 meets the first section of gradient change of the rear side surface of the box body 1, the supporting rod 13 moves backwards for a certain distance, so that the lower end of the shift lever 14 is separated from the contact with the right movable plate 7; meanwhile, because the left movable plate 6 is longer, that is, the rear side surface of the left movable plate 6 faces backward a little bit, the shift lever 14 moves leftward continuously, and shifts the left interactive plate to move leftward, so that the puncture of the sampling sleeve in the biopsy needle 34 is realized, and the tissue can be cut and left in the sampling groove of the solid needle; after the left movable plate 6 continues to move leftwards, the left movable plate 6 presses the right supporting rod 31 on the rotary table 30 to enable the rotary table 30 to rotate clockwise, after the rotary table 30 rotates, the left supporting rod 31 on the rotary table 30 moves backwards to enable the positioning pin 28 to move backwards and to be separated from the hook 26, at this time, the rear end of the supporting rod 13 just meets a second section of gradient change, and the supporting rod 13 moves backwards for a certain distance and is separated from contact with the left movable plate 6; meanwhile, after the limiting device is loosened, the bottom plate 3 can be rightwards reset under the action of the first tension spring 17, and the left movable plate and the right movable plate are driven to be rightwards reset through the guide rod 4 and the limiting block 5, so that the solid needle and the sampling sleeve are completely retracted into the protective sleeve on the outermost layer. After the shifting rod 14 is not shifting the left plate 6, the positioning pin 28 will move forward a small distance due to the fourth extension spring 29 sleeved on the positioning pin 28, so that the shifting rod 14 moves rightward a small distance through the rotary disc 30 and the supporting rod 31, and the distance is small, and the sampling sleeve will still be completely sleeved on the solid needle.
In the pulling-out stage, the whole box body 1 can be pulled out slowly to separate the whole biopsy needle 34 from the human body, and in the pulling-out process, the solid needle and the sampling sleeve are always positioned in the protective sleeve, so that zero infection can be realized.
In the stage of taking out the sample, the pressing cap 16 is pressed leftwards to restore the device to the puncture state, then the upper end cover 2 is opened, the joint 9 at the rightmost side is poked, the solid needle extends out independently, and the joint 9 in the middle can be supported and fixed to prevent the sampling sleeve from extending out together. In the present device, a screw cap may be installed at the rear end of the plunger 24 to prevent accidental pressing of the plunger 24.
According to the invention, the three layers of biopsy needles 34 are arranged, so that the outermost sleeve provides a safe channel, and the outermost sleeve is positioned at the boundary of the sampling area during sampling, so that the inner layer and the middle layer can directly enter the outermost sleeve after sampling, and are finally pulled out together, so that the inner layer and the middle layer of needles are not contacted with normal cells, the protection of normal cells is realized, the diffusion of malignant tumors is avoided, and the problem of difficult tumor tissue sampling is solved.
This device is through setting up box body 1 to and upper end cover 2 on the box body 1, after covering upper end cover 2, can be convenient for gripping of whole device, after the sample simultaneously, can be through opening upper end cover 2, and stir the joint 9 on the rightmost side, realize taking out of sample, whole device outward appearance is mellow and full, convenient operation.
The device is characterized in that a solid needle supporting a biopsy needle 34 and a bottom plate 3 of a sampling sleeve are arranged; the protective sleeve on the outermost layer is arranged on the box body 1, so that the full-automatic biopsy gun with three layers of sleeves is formed, the traditional situation that the outermost layer of sleeves needs to be independently arranged is broken, and the three layers of sleeves are ingeniously connected together; the method realizes one-time triggering, quickly completes the whole sampling process, and has the advantages of high speed, accurate sampling and no infection in the whole process; the whole device only needs to press the pressing cap 16 and pull the key 21 before use, and also needs to press the ejector rod 24 when sampling, so that the operation can be completed, the operation difficulty is low, the holding is easy to be stable, the device can be operated by one hand, and the needle head is easy to disassemble and assemble.
In the device, on the basis of the traditional method that the solid needle is firstly fed for sampling and then the sampling sleeve is fed for cutting; additionally, the biopsy puncture gun has the advantages that the two steps are withdrawn together, and the three actions are firstly linked skillfully, so that the biopsy puncture gun specially aiming at tumor sampling is realized.
The invention has the advantages of convenient operation, ingenious structure, low cost, convenient manufacture, safety and effectiveness, greatly improves the portability and the safety of tumor cell puncture sampling, improves the speed and the quality, and ensures the safety of patients.