CN113659750B - Safe controllable electric transmission device - Google Patents
Safe controllable electric transmission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113659750B CN113659750B CN202110941107.6A CN202110941107A CN113659750B CN 113659750 B CN113659750 B CN 113659750B CN 202110941107 A CN202110941107 A CN 202110941107A CN 113659750 B CN113659750 B CN 113659750B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/50—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
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- B08B1/12—
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- B08B1/32—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
- H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/26—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a safe and controllable electric transmission device which comprises a generator unit and a motor unit; the generator unit at least comprises an input shaft, an output shaft, a generator unit rotor core with a permanent magnet, a generator unit rotor core with a winding, a motor unit rotor end winding sheath II and a motor unit rotor end winding sheath III; after the driving equipment (such as a motor and a heat engine) drives the input shaft of the electric controllable starting transmission device, the electric controllable starting transmission device can smooth the torque of the output shaft through the external resistor and the power electronic converter, stably start a load to a final steady-state rotating speed, avoid mechanical faults such as shaft breakage caused by sudden change and overlarge torque of the output shaft, is suitable for loads such as a crusher, a fan, a water pump and a compressor, and can solve the problems of serious heating, small starting torque and the like caused by overlong starting heavy current duration time of the driving motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a safe and controllable electric transmission device.
Background
At present, a mechanical coupler or a hydraulic coupler is adopted in a driving system to realize torque transmission and rotating speed conversion, and the driving system is generally called a controllable Start transmission device (CST for short), and also utilizes a permanent magnet transmission device using an electromagnetic principle, such as a permanent magnet eddy current motor coupler, a winding type permanent magnet speed regulator and the like.
Some solutions have been presented in the prior art in relation to electric machines, for example a chinese patent application No. 981209904, which discloses a method and a device for controlling an electric drive, the rotary motion of an electric motor (22) of an electric drive (10) being converted into a linear motion with a slight sliding resistance by means of a ball screw (26) and a feed nut (28).
In the prior art, a complex cooling system is needed when CST operates, oil leakage often occurs when a hydraulic coupler operates for a long time, the speed slip is large, and the efficiency is low; most eddy current motor couplers adopt disc type structures, so that the loss is large, and a complex mechanism is required for adjusting air gaps in order to adjust the torque; the winding type permanent magnet speed regulator generally adopts an electric brush and a slip ring, and cannot be used in an explosion-proof environment, so that the reliability of the system is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the problems that a complex cooling system is needed during CST operation, oil leakage often occurs during long-term operation of a hydraulic coupler, the speed slip is large, and the efficiency is low are solved; most eddy current motor couplers adopt a disc type structure, so that the loss is large, and a complex mechanism is required for adjusting air gaps in order to adjust the torque; the winding type permanent magnet speed regulator generally adopts an electric brush and a slip ring, cannot be used in an explosion-proof environment, and reduces the reliability of a system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a safe and controllable electric transmission device, which comprises a generator unit and a motor unit; the generator unit at least comprises an input shaft, an output shaft, a permanent magnet rotor core of the generator unit, a winding end winding sheath II of a rotor of the motor unit and a winding sheath III of a rotor end winding of the motor unit; the motor unit at least comprises a motor unit stator shell, a motor unit stator core with windings, a motor unit rotor core with windings, a base, a motor unit rotor end winding sheath IV and a motor unit rotor end winding sheath V; the generator unit and the motor unit share one output shaft;
the base is fixedly connected with the motor unit stator shell; the motor unit stator casing and the motor unit stator core with the winding are fixedly connected together; the motor unit stator shell is installed with the output shaft together; the end winding sheath V of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the output shaft and the stator shell of the motor unit; the output shaft is fixedly connected with a winding rotor core of the motor unit; an input shaft is arranged in the output shaft and the motor unit stator shell; the end winding sheath IV of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the input shaft and the stator shell of the motor unit; the second end winding sheath of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft; the third end winding sheath of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft; the input shaft and the generator unit are fixedly connected together through a permanent magnet rotor core; and the output shaft is fixedly connected with a rotor core with a winding of the generator unit.
The base is fixedly connected with the stator shell of the motor unit; the motor unit stator casing is fixedly connected with the motor unit stator core with the winding; the output shaft is arranged in the motor unit stator shell; the end winding sheath V of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the stator shell of the motor unit and the output shaft; the output shaft is fixedly connected with a winding rotor core of the motor unit; the output shaft is fixedly connected with a winding rotor core of the generator unit; the input shaft is arranged in the motor unit stator shell; the end winding sheath IV of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the input shaft and the stator shell of the motor unit; the second end winding sheath of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft; the third end winding sheath of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft; the input shaft is fixedly connected with the generator unit through a permanent magnet rotor core.
The base is fixedly connected with the stator shell of the motor unit; the motor unit stator casing is fixedly connected with the motor unit stator core with the winding; an output shaft is arranged in the motor unit stator shell; the end winding sheath IV of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the output shaft and the stator shell of the motor unit; the end winding sheath V of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the output shaft and the stator shell of the motor unit; the output shaft is fixedly connected with a winding rotor core of the motor unit; the generator unit is provided with a winding rotor core which is fixedly connected with the output shaft; the input shaft is sleeved on the output shaft; the second end winding sheath of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft; the third end winding sheath of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft; the generator unit is provided with a permanent magnet rotor core which is fixedly connected with the input shaft.
The electrically controllable starting gear further comprises two different control circuits as shown in fig. 4 or as shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 4, the motor unit has a polyphase armature winding 7.1 with a winding stator core connected to a polyphase resistance by a controller. The electrically controllable starting transmission device is connected to graded resistors with different resistance values through a controller according to the rotating speeds of the input shaft and the output shaft, so that the rotating speed of the output shaft is slowly adjusted (increased or decreased) to be a steady rotating speed.
As shown in fig. 5, the motor unit has a polyphase armature winding 7.1 with a winding stator core connected to the network by means of a power electronic converter. The electrically controllable starting gear adjusts the power output to or absorbed from the power grid via the power electronic converter in dependence on the rotational speeds of the input and output shafts, so that the rotational speed of the output shaft is gently adjusted (increased or decreased) to a steady-state rotational speed.
The permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor iron core of the generator unit with the permanent magnet; the permanent magnet and the iron core adopt a surface-mounted or inserted structure.
The generator unit is provided with a winding rotor core on which a multi-phase armature winding is arranged;
as in the embodiment of fig. 3, the generator unit rotor end winding sheaths protect against centrifugal force damage when the winding rotor core is disposed inside;
as in the embodiment of fig. 3, the generator unit has a permanent magnet rotor core arranged on the outside and fixedly connected to the input shaft, and the motor unit has a housing.
The generator unit has a winding rotor core which is formed by laminating and pressing silicon steel sheets;
the motor unit is provided with a winding rotor core on which a multi-phase armature winding is arranged;
the end of the armature winding on the winding rotor core of the motor unit is protected by a sheath to prevent damage by centrifugal force;
the motor unit has a winding rotor core which is formed by laminating and pressing silicon steel sheets;
the motor unit is provided with a winding stator core on which a multi-phase armature winding is arranged;
the stator core of the motor unit is formed by laminating and pressing silicon steel sheets;
the generator unit is in fact a multiphase permanent magnet synchronous generator; the motor unit is in fact a polyphase wound asynchronous motor.
The output end (namely the generator output end) of the multi-phase armature winding of the winding rotor core of the generator unit is connected to the input end (namely the motor input end) of the multi-phase armature winding of the winding rotor core of the motor unit, and the directions of rotating magnetic fields generated by the multi-phase armature winding of the winding rotor core of the generator unit and the multi-phase armature winding of the winding rotor core of the motor unit after being electrified with the same three-phase current are opposite.
Here "multi-phase" refers primarily to "three-phase", and does not exclude the use of phases greater than 3, embodiments of which are illustrated as 3-phase.
When the electric controllable starting transmission device runs in a steady state, the rotation speed conversion can be realized as shown in the formula (4);
the torque transmitted when the electric controllable starting transmission device operates in a steady state is given by the formulas (9) to (11);
the rated rotation speed and rated torque of the generator unit are respectively (n)1-n2) And T3The generator unit is designed according to the parameters;
the rated rotation speed and rated torque of the motor unit are respectively n2And
the generator unit is designed according to the parameters.
The analysis of the relationship of main parameters of the electric controllable starting transmission device during steady state running is as follows:
the number of poles of the generator unit is p1The number of poles of the motor unit is p2The rotational speed of the input shaft is n1The rotational speed of the input shaft 1 is n2Synchronous speed of the motor unit is n20The slip of the motor unit is s and the input torque on the input shaft 1 is T3The output torque on the output shaft 5 is T4The generator sheetThe driving torque of the element pair output shaft 5 is T1The driving torque of the motor unit to the output shaft is T2The frequency of the current in the multi-phase armature winding of the generator unit with the winding rotor core and the multi-phase armature winding of the motor unit with the winding rotor core is f1The frequency of the current in the multi-phase armature winding of the motor unit having a winding stator core 7 is f2。
According to the motor principle, the following relations exist:
n2＝(1-s)n20 (3)
according to (1), (2) and (3):
the electric power output by the generator unit is as follows:
Pe1＝kT3(n1-n2)-pfe1-pmec1＝kT1(n1-n2) (5)
pfe1-iron losses of the generator units;
pmec1-mechanical losses of the generator unit; .
The electric power input by the motor unit is as follows:
Pe2＝Pe1-pcu1-peu2 (6)
pcu1-winding losses of the generator unit;
pcu2-rotor winding losses of the motor unit;
Pe2＝pfe2+pcu22+kT2n2 (7)
kT1n2+kT2n2-pmec2＝kT4n2 (8)
pfe2-core losses of the motor unit;
pcu22-stator winding losses of the motor unit;
pmec2-mechanical losses of the motor unit.
According to (1), (2) and (3):
where rotational speed is in revolutions per minute (r/min), frequency is in hertz (Hz), and losses and power are in watts (W).
For example, the following steps are carried out:
let p1＝4，p2＝2，n1＝1500r/min，T3Neglecting all losses, i.e. s-0, at 50Nm, we can:
T3＝T1＝50Nm
T4＝T1+T2＝1.5T1＝75Nm
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
n1T3＝n2T4
the mechanical power of input and output is equal, and the law of energy conservation is met.
Further, the side wall of the motor unit stator casing is hinged with a swinging plate through a torsion spring; the end part of the swinging plate is fixedly connected with a cleaning brush; the middle part of the output shaft is fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of flexible fan blades; at the rotatory in-process of output shaft, can drive the cleaning brush and rotate together, then will strike the swing board, make the swing board to keeping away from the offset of output shaft on motor unit stator casing, flexible fan aerofoil is when rotatory simultaneously, can drive the air current near the output shaft, the air current will blow the swing board this moment, make the maintenance that the swing board lasts at the state that can not contact with the output shaft, through the cleaning brush that is equipped with and separates in the middle part at the output shaft, can make the output shaft at the in-process that does not rotate, the middle part lateral wall contact of cleaning brush and output shaft, can not be a large amount of oil stain and impurity of remaining on the messenger's output shaft, make the life of output shaft longer.
Furthermore, a plurality of groups of bristles are arranged on the flexible fan plate; the brush bristles are connected to one side, close to the motor unit stator shell, of the flexible fan plate in a sliding mode; through being equipped with multiunit brush hair on flexible fanning board, can carry out the in-process that rotates simultaneously at output shaft and flexible fanning board, the brush hair cleans the lateral wall of motor unit stator casing, reduces the impurity on the motor unit stator casing and remains, can make output shaft and motor unit stator casing when using, and the output shaft can not receive the interference of impurity easily, and then makes the output shaft can be more stable when the operation.
Further, counterweight strips are fixedly connected among the multiple groups of bristles; through there being the counter weight strip at the rigid coupling on the brush hair, can be when flexible fan aerofoil just begins to rotate, the brush hair can contact with motor unit stator casing, after flexible fan aerofoil is rotatory, the counter weight strip can be because of the effect of centrifugal force down, to keeping away from one side skew in output shaft axle center, then also pull away the surface of motor unit stator casing with the brush hair, this operation has avoided the brush hair at the rotatory in-process of flexible fan aerofoil, because of the brush hair serious problem of wearing and tearing that leads to with motor unit stator casing contact friction for a long time, and then the life of multiplicable brush hair.
Further, an oil storage cavity is formed in the flexible fan plate; the inside of the oil storage cavity is estimated as an elastic pull rope; the elastic pull rope is fixedly connected with the end part of the brush hair; through being equipped with the oil storage chamber in flexible fan aerofoil inside, can be when flexible fan aerofoil is rotatory, the in-process of counter weight strip pulling brush hair makes the brush hair take partial cleaning solution from the oil storage intracavity portion, and then can clean the surface of brush hair, makes the brush hair after long-time use, and its surface still keeps a comparatively clean state, and then can promote the clean effect of brush hair to motor unit stator casing.
Furthermore, a plurality of groups of flexible wind shielding films are fixedly connected to the side wall of the swinging plate through positioning rods; an elastic tearing belt I is connected between the two flexible wind-shielding films; the flexible wind shielding film is additionally arranged on the swinging plate, so that the sensitivity of the swinging plate to the air flow can be increased when the flexible fan plate rotates along with the output shaft to generate the air flow, when the flexible fan plate generates small air flow, the flexible wind shielding film can shield the air flow, the swinging plate is blown to a position far away from the output shaft by the air flow blown by the flexible fan plate, and the serious problems that the cleaning brush and the output shaft are abraded due to the fact that the cleaning brush can be in contact with the output shaft when the output shaft rotates and the air flow generated by the flexible fan plate is not large enough are solved.
Furthermore, a plurality of groups of elastic tearing belts II are connected between the two flexible wind-shielding films; the flexible wind-shielding film is provided with an air guide hole; through increasing between flexible wind-blocking membrane and tearing area two with many elasticity, can block when the air current that flexible wind-blocking membrane blew off flexible fan aerofoil blocks to the curved state comes with the air current impact, makes flexible wind-blocking membrane can be better come to control the swing board through the air current.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. the invention provides a safe and controllable electric transmission device, after a driving device (such as a motor and a heat engine) drives an input shaft of the electric controllable starting transmission device, the electric controllable starting transmission device can be used for slowing down the torque of an output shaft through an external resistor and a power electronic converter and stably starting a load to a final steady-state rotating speed, so that mechanical faults of shaft breakage and the like caused by sudden and overlarge torque of the output shaft are avoided, the electric controllable starting transmission device is suitable for loads of a crusher, a fan, a water pump, a compressor and the like, and the problems of serious heating, small starting torque and the like caused by overlong starting heavy current duration of a driving motor can be solved.
2. The electric controllable starting transmission device can also change the rotating speed of the output end through the pole number proportion of the generator unit and the motor unit, particularly reduce the input rotating speed and improve the driving torque of the load side.
3. The electric controllable starting transmission device has no mechanical contact slip ring and electric brush, improves the reliability of the device, is suitable for severe environments such as explosion prevention and the like, and widens the application range.
4. Through the cleaning brush that is equipped with and separates in the middle part at the output shaft, can make the output shaft at the in-process that does not rotate, the middle part lateral wall contact of cleaning brush and output shaft makes can not a large amount of oil stain and impurity of remaining on the output shaft, makes the life of output shaft longer.
5. Through being equipped with the multiunit brush hair on flexible fan board, can carry out the in-process of rotation simultaneously at output shaft and flexible fan board, the brush hair cleans the lateral wall of motor unit stator casing, reduces the impurity residue on the motor unit stator casing, can make output shaft and motor unit stator casing when using, and the output shaft can not receive the interference of impurity easily, and then makes the output shaft can be more stable when the operation.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an electric drive apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the electric drive apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the electric drive apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first control circuit for the electric drive of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second control circuit for the electric actuator of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the sweeping assembly;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a swing plate;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a flexible fan plate;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a swing plate;
illustration of the drawings:
1. an input shaft; 2. a generator unit housing; 3. the generator unit has a permanent magnet rotor core; 31. a permanent magnet of the generator unit; 4. the generator unit is provided with a winding rotor core; 41. a generator unit rotor end winding sheath; 5. an output shaft; 6. a motor unit stator housing; 7. the motor unit is provided with a winding stator core; 8. the motor unit has a winding rotor core; 81. a first motor unit rotor end winding sheath; 9. a second motor unit rotor end winding sheath; 10. a third motor unit rotor end winding sheath; 11. a winding sheath IV at the end part of the rotor of the motor unit; 12. a winding sheath V at the end part of the rotor of the motor unit; 13. a base; 14. a swing plate; 15. a cleaning brush; 16. a flexible fanning plate; 17. brushing; 18. a weight strip; 19. an oil storage chamber; 20. an elastic pull rope; 21. a flexible wind-blocking film; 22. an elastic tear strip I; 23. and elastic tearing of the second belt.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Specific examples are given below.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a safe and controllable electric transmission device, which includes a generator unit and a motor unit; the generator unit at least comprises an input shaft 1, an output shaft 5, a generator unit permanent magnet rotor core 3, a generator unit winding rotor core 4, a motor unit rotor end winding sheath II 9 and a motor unit rotor end winding sheath III 10; the motor unit at least comprises a motor unit stator casing 6, a motor unit stator core 7 with windings, a motor unit rotor core 8 with windings, a base 13, a motor unit rotor end winding sheath four 11 and a motor unit rotor end winding sheath 12; the generator unit and the motor unit share one output shaft 5;
the base 13 is fixedly connected with the motor unit stator shell 6; the motor unit stator casing 6 is fixedly connected with a motor unit winding stator core 7; the motor unit stator housing 6 is mounted with the output shaft 5; the motor unit rotor end winding sheath five 12 is arranged between the output shaft 5 and the motor unit stator shell 6; the output shaft 5 is fixedly connected with a winding rotor core 8 of the motor unit; the input shaft 1 is arranged inside the output shaft 5 and the motor unit stator shell 6; the motor unit rotor end winding sheath four 11 is arranged between the input shaft 1 and the motor unit stator shell 6; the second motor unit rotor end winding sheath 9 is arranged between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 5; the third motor unit rotor end winding sheath 10 is arranged between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 5; the input shaft 1 and the generator unit are fixedly connected together through a permanent magnet rotor core 3; the output shaft 5 is fixedly connected with a winding rotor core 4 of the generator unit.
Example two
Please refer to fig. 2
The invention provides a safe and controllable electric transmission device, which comprises a generator unit and a motor unit, wherein the generator unit is connected with the motor unit; the generator unit at least comprises an input shaft 1, an output shaft 5, a generator unit permanent magnet rotor core 3, a generator unit winding rotor core 4, a motor unit rotor end winding sheath II 9 and a motor unit rotor end winding sheath III 10; the motor unit at least comprises a motor unit stator shell 6, a motor unit stator core 7 with windings, a motor unit rotor core 8 with windings, a base 13, a motor unit rotor end winding sheath four 11 and a motor unit rotor end winding sheath five 12; the generator unit and the motor unit share one output shaft 5;
the base 13 is fixedly connected with the motor unit stator shell 6; the motor unit stator casing 6 is fixedly connected with a motor unit stator core 7 with a winding; the output shaft 5 is arranged inside a motor unit stator shell 6; the motor unit rotor end winding sheath five 12 is arranged between the motor unit stator casing 6 and the output shaft 5; the output shaft 5 is fixedly connected with a winding rotor core 8 of the motor unit; the output shaft 5 is fixedly connected with a rotor core 4 with a winding of the generator unit; the input shaft 1 is arranged inside a motor unit stator housing 6; the motor unit rotor end winding sheath four 11 is arranged between the input shaft 1 and the motor unit stator shell 6; the second motor unit rotor end winding sheath 9 is arranged between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 5; the third motor unit rotor end winding sheath 10 is arranged between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 5; the input shaft 1 is fixedly connected with a permanent magnet rotor core 3 of the generator unit.
EXAMPLE III
Please refer to fig. 3
The invention provides a safe and controllable electric transmission device, which comprises a generator unit and a motor unit, wherein the generator unit is connected with the motor unit; the generator unit at least comprises an input shaft 1, an output shaft 5, a generator unit permanent magnet rotor core 3, a generator unit winding rotor core 4, a motor unit rotor end winding sheath II 9 and a motor unit rotor end winding sheath III 10; the motor unit at least comprises a motor unit stator shell 6, a motor unit stator core 7 with windings, a motor unit rotor core 8 with windings, a base 13, a motor unit rotor end winding sheath four 11 and a motor unit rotor end winding sheath five 12; the generator unit and the motor unit share one output shaft 5;
the base 13 is fixedly connected with the motor unit stator shell 6; the motor unit stator casing 6 is fixedly connected with a motor unit stator core 7 with a winding; an output shaft 5 is arranged in the motor unit stator shell 6; the motor unit rotor end winding sheath four 11 is arranged between the output shaft 5 and the motor unit stator casing 6; the motor unit rotor end winding sheath five 12 is arranged between the output shaft 5 and the motor unit stator casing 6; the output shaft 5 is fixedly connected with a winding rotor core 8 of the motor unit; the generator unit is fixedly connected with an output shaft 5 through a winding rotor core 4; the input shaft 1 is sleeved on the output shaft 5; the second motor unit rotor end winding sheath 9 is arranged between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 5; the third motor unit rotor end winding sheath 10 is arranged between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 5; the generator unit is provided with a permanent magnet rotor core 3 fixedly connected with an input shaft 1.
The present electrically controllable start-up gear further comprises two different control circuits as shown in fig. 4 or in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 4, the motor unit has a polyphase armature winding 7.1 of a winding stator core 7 connected to a polyphase resistance by a controller. The electrically controllable starting transmission is connected to graded resistors with different resistances through a controller according to the rotating speeds of the input shaft 5 and the output shaft 5, so that the rotating speed of the output shaft 5 is slowly adjusted (increased or reduced) to a steady rotating speed.
As shown in fig. 5, the motor unit has a polyphase armature winding 7.1 of a winding stator core 7 connected to the network by means of a power electronic converter. The electrically controllable start-up transmission regulates the power output to or absorbed from the grid by means of the power electronic converter in dependence on the rotational speed of the input and output shafts 5, so that the rotational speed of the output shaft 5 is regulated (increased or decreased) gently to a steady state rotational speed.
The rotor core 3 of the generator unit with permanent magnets is provided with permanent magnets 31; the permanent magnet and the iron core adopt a surface-mounted or inserted structure.
The generator unit is provided with a winding rotor core 4 on which a multi-phase armature winding is arranged;
as in the embodiment of fig. 3, the generator unit has a winding rotor core 4 arranged inside and a generator unit rotor end winding sheath 41 protecting against centrifugal force;
as in the embodiment of fig. 3, the generator unit has a permanent magnet rotor core 3 arranged on the outside and fixedly connected to the input shaft 1, and the motor unit has a housing 2.
The generator unit has a winding rotor core 4 which is laminated by silicon steel sheets;
the motor unit has a winding rotor core 8 on which a multiphase armature winding is mounted;
the end of the armature winding on the wound rotor core 8 of the motor unit is protected by a sheath 81 to prevent damage by centrifugal force;
the motor unit has a winding rotor core 8 which is laminated by silicon steel sheets;
the motor unit is provided with a winding stator core 7 on which a multi-phase armature winding is arranged;
the stator core of the motor unit is formed by laminating and pressing silicon steel sheets;
the generator unit is in fact a multiphase permanent magnet synchronous generator; the motor unit is in fact a polyphase wound asynchronous motor.
The output end (i.e., the generator output end) of the multiple-phase armature winding of the winding rotor core 4 of the generator unit is connected to the input end (i.e., the motor input end) of the multiple-phase armature winding of the winding rotor core 8 of the motor unit, and the directions of the rotating magnetic fields generated by the multiple-phase armature winding of the winding rotor core 4 of the generator unit and the multiple-phase armature winding of the winding rotor core 8 of the motor unit after being energized with the same three-phase current are opposite.
Here "multi-phase" refers primarily to "three-phase", without excluding the use of phases greater than 3, embodiments are illustrated as 3-phase.
When the electric controllable starting transmission device operates in a steady state, the rotation speed transformation given by the formula (4) can be realized;
the torque transmitted when the electric controllable starting transmission device operates in a steady state is given by the formulas (9) to (11);
the rated rotation speed and rated torque of the generator unit are respectively (n)1-n2) And T3The generator unit is designed according to the parameters;
the rated rotation speed and rated torque of the motor unit are respectively n2And
the generator unit is designed according to the parameters.
The main parameter relation analysis of the electric controllable starting transmission device during steady state operation is as follows:
the number of poles of the generator unit is p1The number of poles of the motor unit is p2The rotational speed of the input shaft 1 is n1The rotational speed of the input shaft 1 is n2Synchronous speed of the motor unit is n20The slip of the motor unit is s, the input torque on the input shaft 1 is T3 and the output torque on the output shaft 5 is T4The driving torque of the generator unit to the output shaft 5 is T1The driving torque of the motor unit to the output shaft 5 is T2The frequency of the current in the multi-phase armature winding of the generator unit having the winding rotor core 4 and the multi-phase armature winding of the motor unit having the winding rotor core 8 is f1The frequency of the current in the multi-phase armature winding of the motor unit having a winding stator core 7 is f2。
According to the principle of the motor, the following relations exist:
n2＝(1-s)n20(3) according to (1), (2) and (3):
the electric power output by the generator unit is as follows:
Pe1＝kT3(n1-n2)-pfe1-pmec1＝kT1(n1-n2) (5)
pfe1-iron losses of the generator units;
pmec1-mechanical losses of the generator unit; .
The electric power input by the motor unit is as follows:
Pe2＝Pe1-pcu1-pcu2 (6)
pcu1-winding losses of the generator unit;
pcu2-rotor winding losses of the motor unit;
Pe2＝pfe2+pcu22+kT2n2 (7)
kT1n2+kT2n2-pmec2＝kT4n2 (8)
pfe2-core losses of the motor unit;
pcu22-stator winding losses of the motor unit;
pmec2-mechanical losses of the motor unit.
According to (1), (2) and (3):
wherein the rotational speed is in revolutions per minute (r/min), the frequency is in hertz (Hz), and the losses and power are in watts (W).
For example, the following steps are carried out:
let p1＝4，p2＝2，n1＝1500r/min，T3Neglecting all losses, i.e. having s equal to 0, at 50Nm, we can obtain:
T3＝T1＝50Nm
T4＝T1+T2＝1.5T1＝75Nm
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
n1T3＝n2T4
the mechanical power of input and output is equal, and the law of energy conservation is met.
Example four
Referring to fig. 6-8, comparing the above embodiment, as another embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the motor unit stator housing 6 is hinged with a swing plate 14 through a torsion spring; a cleaning brush 15 is fixedly connected to the end part of the swinging plate 14; a plurality of groups of flexible fan blades 16 are fixedly connected to the middle part of the output shaft 5; in the process of rotation of the output shaft 5, the cleaning brush 15 is driven to rotate together, and then the cleaning brush can strike the oscillating plate 14, so that the oscillating plate 14 deviates to a position far away from the output shaft 5 on the motor unit stator shell 6, meanwhile, the flexible fan plate 16 can drive airflow near the output shaft 5 when rotating, and at the moment, the airflow can blow the oscillating plate 14, so that the oscillating plate 14 is continuously kept in a state of not contacting with the output shaft 5, and by arranging and separating the cleaning brush 15 in the middle of the output shaft 5, the cleaning brush 15 can be in contact with the side wall in the middle of the output shaft 5 in the process of non-rotation of the output shaft 5, so that a large amount of residual oil stains and impurities on the output shaft 5 can be avoided, and the service life of the output shaft 5 is longer.
A plurality of groups of brush hairs 17 are arranged on the flexible fan plate 16; the brush bristles 17 are connected to one side, close to the motor unit stator shell 6, of the flexible fan plate 16 in a sliding mode; through being equipped with multiunit brush hair 17 on flexible fan aerofoil 16, can be at the in-process that output shaft 5 and flexible fan aerofoil 16 rotated simultaneously, brush hair 17 cleans motor unit stator casing 6's lateral wall, reduces the impurity residue on motor unit stator casing 6, can make output shaft 5 and motor unit stator casing 6 when using, and output shaft 5 can not receive the interference of impurity easily, and then makes output shaft 5 can be more stable when the operation.
A counterweight strip 18 is fixedly connected among the groups of bristles 17; through rigid coupling has counter weight strip 18 on brush hair 17, can be when flexible fan aerofoil 16 just begins to rotate, brush hair 17 can contact with motor unit stator casing 6, after flexible fan aerofoil 16 rotated, counter weight strip 18 can be because of the effect of centrifugal force down, to keeping away from the one side skew of output shaft 5 axle center, then also draw brush hair 17 from motor unit stator casing 6's surface, this operation has avoided brush hair 17 at the rotatory in-process of flexible fan aerofoil 16, brush hair 17 serious problem of wearing and tearing because of long-time and motor unit stator casing 6 contact friction results in, and then the life of multiplicable brush hair 17.
An oil storage cavity 19 is formed in the flexible fan plate 16; an elastic pull rope 20 is estimated inside the oil storage chamber 19; the elastic pull rope 20 is fixedly connected with the end part of the brush hair 17; through being equipped with oil storage chamber 19 inside the flexible fan aerofoil 16, can be when flexible fan aerofoil 16 is rotatory, the in-process of counter weight strip 18 pulling brush hair 17 makes brush hair 17 take out partial cleaning solution from the inside oil storage chamber 19, and then can clean brush hair 17's surface, makes brush hair 17 after long-time use, and its surface still keeps a comparatively clean state, and then can promote the clean effect of brush hair 17 to motor unit stator casing 6.
A plurality of groups of flexible wind-shielding films 21 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the swinging plate 14 through positioning rods; an elastic tearing belt I22 is connected between the two flexible wind shielding films 21; by adding the flexible wind-shielding film 21 on the oscillating plate 14, when the flexible fan plate 16 rotates along with the output shaft 5 to generate an air flow, the sensitivity of the oscillating plate 14 to the air flow is increased, when the flexible fan plate 16 generates a small air flow, the flexible wind-shielding film 21 shields the air flow, the air flow blown out by the flexible fan plate 16 blows the oscillating plate 14 to a position far away from the output shaft 5, and the serious problem that the cleaning brush 15 and the output shaft 5 are abraded due to the fact that the air flow generated by the flexible fan plate 16 is not large enough when the output shaft 5 rotates is solved.
EXAMPLE five
Referring to fig. 9, comparing the above embodiment, as another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sets of elastic tear tapes 23 are connected between two flexible wind-shielding films 21; the flexible wind-shielding film 21 is provided with an air guide hole; by adding the plurality of elastic tear tapes 23 between the flexible wind-shielding films 21, when the flexible wind-shielding films 21 block the airflow blown out by the flexible fan board 16, the airflow can be impacted in an arc state, so that the flexible wind-shielding films 21 can better control the swinging board 14 through the airflow.
The working principle is as follows: in the process of rotating the output shaft 5, the cleaning brush 15 is driven to rotate together, then the cleaning brush strikes the oscillating plate 14, the oscillating plate 14 is enabled to deviate towards the position far away from the output shaft 5 on the motor unit stator shell 6, meanwhile, the flexible fan plate 16 drives the airflow near the output shaft 5 when rotating, at the moment, the airflow is blown to the oscillating plate 14, the oscillating plate 14 is enabled to be kept in a state of not being contacted with the output shaft 5 continuously, the cleaning brush 15 is arranged and separated in the middle of the output shaft 5, the cleaning brush 15 is enabled to be contacted with the side wall of the middle of the output shaft 5 in the process of not rotating the output shaft 5, a large amount of residual oil stains and impurities on the output shaft 5 are avoided, the service life of the output shaft 5 is longer, a plurality of groups of brush hairs 17 are arranged on the flexible fan plate 16, and in the process of simultaneously rotating the output shaft 5 and the flexible fan plate 16, the brush bristles 17 clean the side wall of the motor unit stator housing 6, so that the impurity residue on the motor unit stator housing 6 is reduced, the output shaft 5 can not be easily interfered by impurities when the output shaft 5 and the motor unit stator housing 6 are used, and the output shaft 5 can be more stable in operation; the counterweight strip 18 is fixedly connected to the brush bristles 17, so that the brush bristles 17 can be in contact with the motor unit stator housing 6 when the flexible fan plate 16 starts to rotate, after the flexible fan plate 16 rotates, the counterweight strip 18 can deviate to one side far away from the axis of the output shaft 5 under the action of centrifugal force, and then the brush bristles 17 are pulled away from the surface of the motor unit stator housing 6, so that the serious problem of abrasion of the brush bristles 17 caused by long-time contact friction with the motor unit stator housing 6 in the rotation process of the brush bristles 17 on the flexible fan plate 16 is avoided, and the service life of the brush bristles 17 can be prolonged; by arranging the oil storage cavity 19 in the flexible fan plate 16, when the flexible fan plate 16 rotates, the bristles 17 can take part of cleaning liquid out of the oil storage cavity 19 in the process that the bristles 17 are pulled by the counter weight strip 18, so that the surfaces of the bristles 17 can be cleaned, the surfaces of the bristles 17 can be kept in a relatively clean state after the bristles 17 are used for a long time, and the cleaning effect of the bristles 17 on the motor unit stator shell 6 can be improved; by adding the flexible wind-shielding film 21 on the oscillating plate 14, when the flexible fan plate 16 rotates along with the output shaft 5 to generate airflow, the sensitivity of the oscillating plate 14 to the airflow can be increased, and when the flexible fan plate 16 generates smaller airflow, the flexible wind-shielding film 21 can shield the airflow, so that the airflow blown out by the flexible fan plate 16 blows the oscillating plate 14 to a position far away from the output shaft 5, thereby reducing the serious problem that the cleaning brush 15 and the output shaft 5 are abraded due to the fact that the airflow generated by the flexible fan plate 16 is not large enough when the output shaft 5 rotates; by adding the plurality of elastic tearing strips 23 between the flexible wind shielding films 21, when the flexible wind shielding films 21 block the airflow blown out by the flexible fan board 16, the airflow can be impacted in an arc state, so that the flexible wind shielding films 21 can better control the swinging board 14 through the airflow.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. A safe and controllable electric transmission device, characterized in that: comprises a generator unit and a motor unit; the generator unit at least comprises an input shaft (1), an output shaft (5), a generator unit permanent magnet rotor core (3), a generator unit winding rotor core (4), a motor unit rotor end winding sheath II (9) and a motor unit rotor end winding sheath III (10); the motor unit at least comprises a motor unit stator casing (6), a motor unit stator core with a winding (7), a motor unit rotor core with a winding (8), a base (13), a motor unit rotor end winding sheath IV (11) and a motor unit rotor end winding sheath V (12); the generator unit and the motor unit share one output shaft (5);
the side wall of the motor unit stator casing (6) is hinged with a swinging plate (14) through a torsion spring; a cleaning brush (15) is fixedly connected to the end part of the swinging plate (14); a plurality of groups of flexible fan blades (16) are fixedly connected to the middle part of the output shaft (5);
the side wall of the swinging plate (14) is fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of flexible wind-shielding films (21) through positioning rods; an elastic tearing belt I (22) is connected between the two flexible wind-blocking films (21);
a plurality of groups of elastic tearing belts II (23) are connected between the two flexible wind-shielding films (21); the flexible wind-shield film (21) is provided with an air guide hole.
2. A safety controllable electric drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the base (13) is fixedly connected with the stator casing (6) of the motor unit; the motor unit stator casing (6) is fixedly connected with a motor unit stator iron core (7) with a winding; the motor unit stator casing (6) is mounted with the output shaft (5); the five (12) of the end winding sheath of the rotor of the motor unit is arranged between the output shaft (5) and the stator casing (6) of the motor unit; the output shaft (5) is fixedly connected with a rotor core (8) with a winding of the motor unit; an input shaft (1) is arranged inside the output shaft (5) and the motor unit stator shell (6); the motor unit rotor end winding sheath four (11) is arranged between the input shaft (1) and the motor unit stator casing (6); the second motor unit rotor end winding sheath (9) is arranged between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (5); the third motor unit rotor end winding sheath (10) is arranged between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (5); the input shaft (1) is fixedly connected with a permanent magnet rotor core (3) of the generator unit; the output shaft (5) is fixedly connected with a winding rotor core (4) of the generator unit.
3. A safety controllable electric drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the base (13) is fixedly connected with the motor unit stator casing (6); the motor unit stator casing (6) is fixedly connected with a motor unit stator iron core (7) with a winding; the output shaft (5) is arranged inside a motor unit stator shell (6); the motor unit rotor end winding sheath five (12) is arranged between the motor unit stator casing (6) and the output shaft (5); the output shaft (5) is fixedly connected with a winding rotor iron core (8) of the motor unit; the output shaft (5) is fixedly connected with a rotor core (4) with a winding of the generator unit; the input shaft (1) is arranged inside a motor unit stator shell (6); the motor unit rotor end winding sheath four (11) is arranged between the input shaft (1) and the motor unit stator casing (6); the second motor unit rotor end winding sheath (9) is arranged between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (5); the third motor unit rotor end winding sheath (10) is arranged between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (5); the input shaft (1) is fixedly connected with a permanent magnet rotor core (3) of the generator unit.
4. A safety controllable electric drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the base (13) is fixedly connected with the stator casing (6) of the motor unit; the motor unit stator casing (6) is fixedly connected with a motor unit stator iron core (7) with a winding; an output shaft (5) is arranged in the motor unit stator shell (6); the motor unit rotor end winding sheath four (11) is arranged between the output shaft (5) and the motor unit stator casing (6); the motor unit rotor end winding sheath five (12) is arranged between the output shaft (5) and the motor unit stator casing (6); the output shaft (5) is fixedly connected with a winding rotor iron core (8) of the motor unit; the generator unit is provided with a winding rotor iron core (4) which is fixedly connected with an output shaft (5); the input shaft (1) is sleeved on the output shaft (5); the second motor unit rotor end winding sheath (9) is arranged between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (5); the third motor unit rotor end winding sheath (10) is arranged between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (5); the generator unit is provided with a permanent magnet rotor core (3) which is fixedly connected with the input shaft (1).
5. A safety controllable electric drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of groups of brush hairs (17) are arranged on the flexible fan plate (16); the brush bristles (17) are connected to one side, close to the motor unit stator casing (6), of the flexible fan plate (16) in a sliding mode.
6. A safety controllable electric drive as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and counterweight strips (18) are fixedly connected among the multiple groups of bristles (17).
7. A safety controllable electric drive as claimed in claim 6, wherein: an oil storage cavity (19) is formed in the flexible fan plate (16); an elastic pull rope (20) is fixedly connected inside the oil storage cavity (19); the elastic pull rope (20) is fixedly connected with the end part of the brush hair (17).
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