CN113659683A - Virtual internal resistance control method for battery inter-cluster balance - Google Patents
Virtual internal resistance control method for battery inter-cluster balance Download PDFInfo
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- CN113659683A CN113659683A CN202110990934.4A CN202110990934A CN113659683A CN 113659683 A CN113659683 A CN 113659683A CN 202110990934 A CN202110990934 A CN 202110990934A CN 113659683 A CN113659683 A CN 113659683A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910006123 SOCa Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a virtual internal resistance control method for balancing between battery clusters, which comprises a balancing strategy and a regulating device control part, wherein the balancing strategy comprises a starting balancing strategy and an operating balancing strategy, and the starting balancing strategy selects whether to operate the balancing strategy by comparing the output current of the battery clusters with the average output current; the operation balancing strategy adjusts the output voltage of the adjusting device according to the deviation state of the SOC of each battery cluster and the average value SOCa of all SOCs to finish balancing processing; the regulating device controls the output pulse width to drive the switching tube to work, so that the output voltage of the regulating device is regulated. The invention can realize the stable control of the output voltage of the battery clusters, simultaneously ensure the balance effect of parallel connection among the battery clusters and avoid the condition of circular current or power oscillation in parallel connection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to a virtual internal resistance control method for balancing between battery clusters.
Background
Energy storage technology refers primarily to the storage of electrical energy. The stored energy can be used as emergency energy, can also be used for storing energy when the load of the power grid is low, and can be used for outputting energy when the load of the power grid is high, so that the energy can be used for clipping peaks and filling valleys and reducing the fluctuation of the power grid. Energy takes many forms, including radiation, chemical, gravitational potential, electrical potential, electricity, heat, latent heat, and kinetic energy. Energy storage involves the conversion of energy in a form that is difficult to store into a more convenient or economically storable form.
Among them, electrochemical energy storage is widely used in various situations such as a power generation side, a power grid side, and a user side due to many advantages such as fast response. And because of factors such as cost, the electrochemical energy storage is developed towards the direction of high capacity, high power density and high power integration. The development supporting the direction adopts a technical route of increasing parallel branches of a battery cluster and expanding the capacity of a single-machine system.
However, long-term operation shows that certain deviation occurs in the voltage between the battery clusters in the operation process, and the internal resistance also changes to different degrees. The change can weaken the direct parallel capacity of the battery clusters, cause circulation when the battery clusters run at zero power, prevent the battery clusters with large internal resistance from being fully charged during charging, and prevent the battery clusters with large internal resistance from providing enough power during discharging. In the past, the whole system can not be continuously operated due to the short plate effect generated after one battery is abnormal. After the single-package battery is maintained, a new battery package is used for replacement, and the new battery and the old battery are used in a mixed mode, so that the difference is further increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a virtual internal resistance control method for balancing between battery clusters, which includes a balancing strategy and a regulating device, wherein the balancing strategy includes the following steps:
s1: configuring initial output voltage and maximum charging and discharging current of each battery cluster through a battery management module BMS;
s2: sequentially starting the single adjusting devices and putting the single adjusting devices into the direct current bus;
s3: sampling the voltage of a direct current bus and the voltage and output current of each battery cluster in real time, and calculating the average output current of all the battery clusters;
s4: comparing the output current of the battery cluster with the average output current, and selecting whether to operate a balancing strategy;
s5: counting the SOC of each battery cluster through a battery management module BMS, and calculating the average value SOCa of all SOCs;
s6: selecting whether to perform equalization processing or not by judging whether the operating power of the electric equipment exceeds a preset threshold or not;
s7: judging the state that the deviation of the SOC and the SOCa of each battery cluster exceeds the preset threshold range, and adjusting the output voltage of the adjusting device;
s8: judging whether the equalization processing of all the battery clusters is finished or not, and if not, repeating the steps S5 to S8; otherwise, quitting the equalization processing;
the adjusting device control comprises the following steps:
a: sampling the output current, the output voltage and the input voltage of the regulating device of each battery cluster in real time;
b: the battery management module BMS configures the output voltage setting and the virtual resistance of the regulating device in a communication mode;
c: the product of the output current and the virtual resistor obtains a droop voltage, and the given output voltage and the droop voltage are differed to obtain an output voltage reference;
d: the deviation between the output voltage reference and the output voltage is output through a PI regulator, and then a control quantity is output and limited between the maximum discharge current and the maximum charge current, so that an output current reference is obtained;
e: outputting the deviation between the output current reference and the output current through a PI regulator to output a control quantity, and limiting the control quantity between the maximum regulation deviation and the minimum regulation deviation to obtain a PWM (pulse width modulation) deviation;
f: the output voltage and the input voltage are divided to obtain a PWM modulation degree basic value, the PWM modulation degree is obtained after the PWM modulation degree deviation is superposed with the PWM modulation degree basic value, the PWM modulation degree is compared with a carrier in real time, and the output pulse width is adjusted to drive a switching tube to work, so that the output voltage of the adjusting device is adjusted.
Specifically, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
s41: respectively comparing the output current of the battery cluster with the average output current, judging whether the output current exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, indicating that the battery cluster and other battery clusters have circulation, and then, performing step S42; otherwise, performing step S43;
s42: when the output current of the battery cluster is larger than the average output current, the output voltage of the battery cluster is reduced; when the output current of the battery cluster is smaller than the average output current, the output voltage of the battery cluster is increased, and then the steps S3 and S4 are repeated;
s43: judging whether the adjusting devices of all the battery clusters are put into use or not, if the adjusting devices are completely put into use, configuring the maximum charging and discharging currents of all the adjusting devices to be the maximum value capable of being operated, and operating an equalization strategy; otherwise, go to step S2.
Specifically, step S6 is to determine whether the operating power of the electrical device exceeds a preset threshold, and if so, perform the balancing process; otherwise, quitting the balance.
Specifically, step S7 specifically includes the following steps:
s71: judging whether the deviation between the SOC and the SOCa of each battery cluster is smaller than a preset threshold range, and if so, reducing the output voltage of the regulating device of the battery cluster;
s72: judging whether the deviation between the SOC and the SOCa of each battery cluster is larger than a preset threshold range, and if so, increasing the output voltage of the regulating device of the battery cluster;
s73: and judging whether the output voltage of the regulating device of each battery cluster exceeds the highest or lowest limit, and if so, limiting the output voltage of the regulating device of the battery cluster within the highest and lowest limit ranges.
Specifically, the modulation device comprises a bypass switch and a voltage-regulating direct-current converter.
Specifically, the BATTERY management module BMS (BATTERY management system MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) is connected to the modulation device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the output voltage of the battery clusters can be stably controlled, the parallel balance effect among the battery clusters is ensured, and the condition of circular current or power oscillation in parallel connection is avoided; and each battery cluster can be independently managed, and the influence on the integral operation effect and the cycle life caused by the inconsistency of the internal resistance and the voltage of the batteries due to long-term operation is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a start-up equalization strategy of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation balancing strategy of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the output voltage control of the regulating device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the adjusting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a main circuit of the voltage regulating DC converter of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a voltage regulating DC converter according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the output voltage control of the regulating device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an output voltage reference generation module according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a voltage control loop module according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a current control loop module according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a feed forward module configuration according to the present invention;
in the figure: the system comprises a direct current bus 1, a battery cluster 2, an energy storage converter 3, a power grid 4, a regulating device 5, a bypass switch 6, a regulating direct current converter 7, a handle 8 and a battery management module BMS 9.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" is to be interpreted broadly, e.g. as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 12, a virtual internal resistance control method for balancing between battery clusters includes a balancing strategy and a regulating device 5, where the balancing strategy includes a start balancing strategy and an operation balancing strategy, and the start balancing strategy includes the following steps:
s1: configuring initial output voltage and maximum charging and discharging current of each battery cluster 2 through a battery management module BMS 9; wherein, the maximum charging and discharging current should be limited to a small value to avoid the impact current when the device is put into operation;
s2: sequentially starting the single adjusting devices 5 and putting the single adjusting devices into the direct current bus 1;
s3: sampling the voltage of the direct current bus 1 and the voltage and output current of each battery cluster 2 in real time, and calculating the average output current of all the battery clusters 2;
s4: and comparing the output current of the battery cluster 2 with the average output current, and selecting whether to operate the balancing strategy.
Specifically, the battery management module BMS9 is commonly called a battery caregiver or a battery manager, and is mainly used for intelligently managing and maintaining each battery unit, preventing overcharge and overdischarge of the battery, prolonging the service life of the battery, and monitoring the state of the battery. BMS battery management system unit includes BMS battery management system, control module group, display module group, wireless communication module group, electrical equipment, is used for the group battery of electrical equipment power supply and is used for gathering the collection module of the battery information of group battery, BMS battery management system passes through communication interface and is connected with wireless communication module group and display module group respectively, the output of gathering the module is connected with BMS battery management system's input, BMS battery management system's output is connected with the input of control module group, the control module group is connected with group battery and electrical equipment respectively, BMS battery management system passes through wireless communication module and is connected with the Server end.
Further, in this embodiment, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
s41: respectively comparing the output current of the battery cluster 2 with the average output current, judging whether the output current exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, indicating that the battery cluster 2 and other battery clusters have circulation, and then, performing step S42; otherwise, performing step S43;
s42: when the output current of the battery cluster 2 is larger than the average output current, the output voltage of the battery cluster 2 is reduced; when the output current of the battery cluster 2 is smaller than the average output current, the output voltage of the battery cluster 2 is increased, and then the steps S3 and S4 are repeated;
s43: judging whether the adjusting devices 5 of all the battery clusters 2 are put into use or not, if the adjusting devices 5 are completely put into use, configuring the maximum charging and discharging currents of all the adjusting devices 5 into the maximum value capable of running, and running an equalization strategy; otherwise, go to step S2.
The operation balancing strategy comprises the following steps:
s5: counting the SOC of each battery cluster 2 through a battery management module BMS9, and calculating the average value SOCa of all SOCs;
s6: selecting whether to perform equalization processing or not by judging whether the operating power of the electric equipment exceeds a preset threshold or not;
s7: judging the state that the deviation of the SOC and the SOCa of each battery cluster 2 exceeds the preset threshold range, and adjusting the output voltage of the adjusting device 5;
s8: determining whether the equalization processing of all the battery clusters 2 has been completed, and if not, repeating the steps S5 to S8; otherwise, quitting the equalization processing.
Further, in this embodiment, step S6 is executed by determining whether the operating power of the electric device exceeds a preset threshold, and if so, performing an equalization process; otherwise, quitting the balance.
Further, in this embodiment, the step S7 specifically includes the following steps:
s71: judging whether the deviation between the SOC and the SOCa of each battery cluster 2 is smaller than a preset threshold range, and if so, reducing the output voltage of the regulating device 5 of the battery cluster 2;
s72: judging whether the deviation between the SOC and the SOCa of each battery cluster 2 is larger than a preset threshold range, and if so, increasing the output voltage of the adjusting device 5 of the battery cluster 2;
s73: it is determined whether the output voltage of the regulator 5 of each battery cluster 2 exceeds the maximum or minimum limit, and if so, the output voltage of the regulator 5 of the present battery cluster 2 is limited within the maximum and minimum limit ranges.
The control of the regulating device 5 comprises the following steps:
a: sampling the output current, the output voltage and the input voltage of the regulating device 5 of each battery cluster 2 in real time;
b: the battery management module BMS9 communicatively configures the output voltage specification and the virtual resistance of the regulating means 5;
c: the product of the output current and the virtual resistor obtains a droop voltage, and the given output voltage and the droop voltage are differed to obtain an output voltage reference;
d: the deviation between the output voltage reference and the output voltage is output through a PI regulator, and then a control quantity is output and limited between the maximum discharge current and the maximum charge current, so that an output current reference is obtained;
e: outputting the deviation between the output current reference and the output current through a PI regulator to output a control quantity, and limiting the control quantity between the maximum regulation deviation and the minimum regulation deviation to obtain a PWM (pulse width modulation) deviation;
f: the output voltage and the input voltage are divided to obtain a PWM modulation degree basic value, the PWM modulation degree is obtained after the PWM modulation degree deviation is superposed with the PWM modulation degree basic value, the PWM modulation degree is compared with a carrier in real time, and the output pulse width is adjusted to drive a switch tube to work, so that the output voltage of the adjusting device 5 is adjusted.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 to 5, the present invention provides an embodiment, in which an embodiment of a virtual internal resistance adjusting device for balancing between battery clusters includes a plurality of battery clusters 2, the battery clusters 2 are all connected to a dc bus 1 through an adjusting device 5, the adjusting device 5 includes a bypass switch 6 and a voltage-regulating dc converter 7, and the bypass switch 6 is connected in parallel to the voltage-regulating dc converter 7; the direct current bus 1 is connected with an energy storage converter 3, the energy storage converter 3 is connected with a power grid 4, direct current is converted into alternating current through the energy storage converter 3 and is connected into the power grid 4, and energy exchange between the battery cluster 2 and the power grid 4 is achieved. When the voltage-regulating direct-current converter 7 does not need to work or the voltage-regulating direct-current converter 7 is abnormal, the bypass switch 6 is closed, the battery cluster 2 is directly connected to the direct-current bus 1, and the virtual internal resistance of the battery cluster 2 is 0; when the voltage regulating dc converter 7 is required to work, the bypass switch 6 is turned off, and the output characteristics of the voltage regulating dc converter 7 are changed and adjusted by regulating the output voltage of the voltage regulating dc converter 7 connected to the battery cluster 2, thereby playing a role in equalizing the voltage and SOC (State of charge) between the battery clusters 2.
Further, in the present embodiment, a battery management module BMS9 is further included, and the battery management module BMS9 is connected to the adjusting device 5.
Further, referring to fig. 6 to 7, the regulating dc converter 7 includes a main control board, and a main control chip and a control circuit are disposed on the main control board.
Further, in this embodiment, the model number adopted by the main control chip is TMS320F 28034. The chip is a DSP chip, also called a digital signal processor, and is a microprocessor especially suitable for digital signal processing operation, and the main application of the chip is to realize various digital signal processing algorithms in real time and rapidly.
Further, in this embodiment, the control circuit includes a closed-loop control circuit and an open-loop high-frequency control circuit, and the closed-loop control circuit is configured to implement closed-loop voltage control and current-limiting control; the open-loop high-frequency control circuit is used for realizing secondary side current balance. Specifically, the instantaneous closed-loop control circuit is completed by a three-level BUCK/BOOST topology (comprising filter capacitors C1-C4, switch tubes BT 1-BT 4 and energy storage inductors L1-L2), closed-loop voltage control and current-limiting control can be performed, and the three-level BUCK/BOOST topology can reduce voltage-regulating pressure difference and is convenient for improving efficiency; the open-loop high-frequency control circuit is realized by a group of high-voltage side bidirectional full bridges and a group of low-voltage side bidirectional full bridges (comprising switch tubes BT 5-BT 16, transformers T1-T2 and filter capacitors C5), and two transformers in the middle are connected in series to force the same current to flow in, so that secondary side current balance is realized. For example, the voltage of the 1500V battery pack 2 is switched in the regulating DC converter 7, the voltage is reduced to 800V by the closed-loop control circuit, and the output voltage is controlled to 40V by the open-loop high-frequency control circuit. (refer to FIG. 3)
Further, in this embodiment, the regulating dc converter 7 is provided with an indicator light and a communication interface, where the indicator light at least includes a power indicator light and an operation status indicator light; the communication interface at least comprises an IO interface, an RS485 interface and a CAN communication interface.
Further, in this embodiment, a handle 8 is disposed on the adjusting dc converter 7, so as to facilitate carrying, installation and disassembly.
Specifically, the adjusting device 5 further includes a control module, the control module includes an output voltage reference generation module, a voltage control loop module, a current control loop module, and a feedforward module, configuration parameters of the control module include output voltage setting and a virtual resistance, sampling parameters include output current, output voltage, and input voltage, and the output parameters are PWM modulation degrees.
The output voltage reference generation module: and obtaining the droop voltage by multiplying the output current by the virtual resistor, and setting the output voltage to be different from the droop voltage to obtain the output voltage reference. (FIG. 9)
The voltage control loop module: and outputting the deviation between the output voltage reference and the output voltage through a PI regulator to obtain a control quantity, and limiting the control quantity between the maximum discharge current and the maximum charge current to obtain an output current reference. (FIG. 10)
The current control loop module: and outputting the deviation between the output current reference and the output current through a PI regulator to obtain a control quantity, and limiting the control quantity between the maximum regulation deviation and the minimum regulation deviation to obtain the PWM modulation degree deviation. (FIG. 11)
The feed-forward module: and dividing the output voltage and the input voltage to obtain a PWM modulation degree basic value, and superposing the deviation of the PWM modulation degree on the PWM modulation degree basic value to obtain the PWM modulation degree. The modulation degree is compared with the carrier in real time, and the output pulse width is adjusted to drive the switching tube to work, so that the output voltage is adjusted. (FIG. 11)
The invention realizes the SOC balance among the battery clusters 2 by adjusting the output voltage of the adjusting device 5, achieves the purpose of independent management of each battery cluster 2, and avoids the influence on the integral operation effect and the cycle life caused by inconsistent internal resistance and voltage of the batteries due to long-term operation.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the foregoing embodiments are described as a series of acts or combination of acts, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the present application is not limited by the order of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently depending on the application. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are presently preferred and that no particular act is required to implement the invention.
In the above embodiments, the basic principle and the main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention are described. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, and that modifications and variations can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A virtual internal resistance control method for balancing between battery clusters is characterized by comprising a balancing strategy and a regulating device (5) for controlling the balancing strategy, wherein the balancing strategy comprises the following steps:
s1: the initial output voltage and the maximum charging and discharging current of each battery cluster (2) are configured through a battery management module BMS (9);
s2: starting the single adjusting devices (5) in sequence and putting the adjusting devices into the direct current bus (1);
s3: sampling the voltage of the direct current bus (1) and the voltage and output current of each battery cluster (2) in real time, and calculating the average output current of all the batteries (2);
s4: comparing the output current of the battery cluster (2) with the average output current, and selecting whether to operate a balancing strategy;
s5: counting the SOC of each battery cluster (2) through a battery management module BMS (9), and calculating the average value SOCa of all SOCs;
s6: selecting whether to perform equalization processing or not by judging whether the operating power of the electric equipment exceeds a preset threshold or not;
s7: judging the state that the deviation of the SOC and the SOCa of each battery cluster (2) exceeds the preset threshold range, and adjusting the output voltage of the adjusting device (5);
s8: judging whether the equalization processing of all the battery clusters (2) is finished or not, and if not, repeating the steps S5 to S8; otherwise, quitting the equalization processing;
the control of the regulating device (5) comprises the following steps:
a: sampling the output current, the output voltage and the input voltage of the regulating device (5) of each battery cluster (2) in real time;
b: the battery management module BMS (9) configures the output voltage setting and the virtual resistance of the regulating device (5) in a communication mode;
c: the product of the output current and the virtual resistor obtains a droop voltage, and the given output voltage and the droop voltage are differed to obtain an output voltage reference;
d: the deviation between the output voltage reference and the output voltage is output through a PI regulator, and then a control quantity is output and limited between the maximum discharge current and the maximum charge current, so that an output current reference is obtained;
e: outputting the deviation between the output current reference and the output current through a PI regulator to output a control quantity, and limiting the control quantity between the maximum regulation deviation and the minimum regulation deviation to obtain a PWM (pulse width modulation) deviation;
f: the output voltage and the input voltage are divided to obtain a PWM modulation degree basic value, the PWM modulation degree is obtained after the PWM modulation degree deviation is superposed with the PWM modulation degree basic value, the PWM modulation degree is compared with a carrier in real time, and the output pulse width is adjusted to drive a switch tube to work, so that the output voltage of the adjusting device (5) is adjusted.
2. The virtual internal resistance control method for battery cluster balancing according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
s41: respectively comparing the output current of the battery cluster (2) with the average output current, judging whether the output current exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, indicating that the battery cluster (2) and other battery clusters have circulation, and then, performing step S42; otherwise, performing step S43;
s42: when the output current of the battery cluster (2) is larger than the average output current, the output voltage of the battery cluster (2) is reduced; when the output current of the battery cluster (2) is smaller than the average output current, the output voltage of the battery cluster (2) is increased, and then the steps S3 and S4 are repeated;
s43: judging whether the adjusting devices (5) of all the battery clusters (2) are put into operation or not, if the adjusting devices are completely put into operation, configuring the maximum charging and discharging currents of all the adjusting devices (5) to be the maximum value capable of being operated, and operating an equalization strategy; otherwise, go to step S2.
3. The virtual internal resistance control method for battery cluster balancing according to claim 1, wherein step S6 is performed by determining whether the operating power of the electric device exceeds a preset threshold, and if so, performing the balancing process; otherwise, quitting the balance.
4. The virtual internal resistance control method for battery cluster balancing according to claim 1, wherein the step S7 specifically includes the following steps:
s71: judging whether the SOC of each battery cluster (2) is smaller than a preset threshold range of SOCa or not, and if so, reducing the output voltage of a regulating device (5) of the battery cluster (2);
s72: judging whether the SOC of each battery cluster (2) is larger than a preset threshold range of SOCa or not, and increasing the output voltage of a regulating device (5) of the battery cluster (2) if the SOC of each battery cluster is larger than the preset threshold range of SOCa;
s73: it is determined whether the output voltage of the regulating device (5) of each battery cluster (2) exceeds the highest or lowest limit, and if so, the output voltage of the regulating device (5) of the present battery cluster (2) is limited within the highest and lowest limit ranges.
5. The virtual internal resistance control method for battery cluster balancing according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that the modulation device (5) comprises a bypass switch (6) and a voltage-regulating DC converter (7).
6. The virtual internal resistance control method for battery cluster balancing according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery management module BMS (9) is connected to the modulation means (5).
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