CN113659086A - White light organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

White light organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113659086A
CN113659086A CN202110924890.5A CN202110924890A CN113659086A CN 113659086 A CN113659086 A CN 113659086A CN 202110924890 A CN202110924890 A CN 202110924890A CN 113659086 A CN113659086 A CN 113659086A
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organic electroluminescent
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路萍
刘辉
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Yancheng Jiyan Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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    • H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
    • H10K50/13—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit
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    • H10K50/12—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising dopants
    • H10K50/121—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising dopants for assisting energy transfer, e.g. sensitization
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Abstract

The invention provides a white light organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of organic semiconductor luminescent devices. The organic electroluminescent device comprises a transparent substrate, an anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an exciton blocking layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and a cathode in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the light emitting layer is of a double-layer structure and is provided with a yellow phosphorescent layer and a non-doped blue fluorescent layer in sequence from bottom to top; the yellow phosphorescent layer is formed by doping a host material of a phenanthroimidazole derivative with a yellow phosphorescent guest material. The invention selects the pyrene imidazole derivative as a non-doped blue layer, and the phenanthrene imidazole derivative with similar structure and excited state property as a main body of the phosphorescent dye, so that the white light organic electroluminescent device with simple structure, low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability is prepared, and the white light organic electroluminescent device is hopefully applied in commercialization.

Description

White light organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic semiconductor light-emitting devices, in particular to a white light organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability and a preparation method thereof.
Background
White Organic Light Emitting Diodes (WOLEDs) are known as "new generation lighting technologies" because of their advantages of low blue light hazard, flexibility, wide viewing angle, energy saving, fast response speed, etc. In addition, in the display field, the WOLED can be used as a backlight source of a liquid crystal display or used as a sub-pixel to prepare a high-specification RGBW-TV, namely a red/green/blue/white pixel TV. The mixed WOLEDs adopting the stable blue fluorescent material and the high-efficiency phosphorescent material have the advantages of low cost and stability of the fluorescent material, high efficiency of the phosphorescent material and the like, and are most likely to be applied in large-scale commercialization.
Hybrid WOLEDs have achieved high device efficiency, but there are few white light devices that can maintain high efficiency at high brightness. In addition, since the white light is generally formed by matching a plurality of light colors, the spectrum of different light-emitting objects varies with the luminance of the device to different degrees, which causes the spectrum of the white light device to vary greatly with the luminance and the spectrum to be unstable. The working brightness of the solid-state lighting device is 1000-5000 cd.m-2In the range, this places higher demands on the efficiency, lifetime and spectral stability of the device at high brightness.
Therefore, developing a white WOLED with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability is of great significance to promote the commercialization progress of white OLEDs.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a white organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability and a method for fabricating the same. According to the invention, the pyrene imidazole derivative is used as a non-doped blue layer, the phenanthrene imidazole derivative with similar structure and excited state property is used as a main body of the yellow phosphorescent dye, and the white light organic electroluminescent device with simple structure, low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability is prepared, and is hopefully applied commercially.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a white light organic electroluminescent device with low-efficiency roll-off and high-spectral stability, which sequentially comprises a transparent substrate, an anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an exciton blocking layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and a cathode from bottom to top, wherein the light-emitting layer is of a double-layer structure and sequentially comprises a yellow phosphorescent layer and a non-doped blue fluorescent layer from bottom to top; the yellow phosphorescent layer is formed by doping a phenanthroimidazole derivative host material with a yellow phosphorescent guest material, and the undoped blue fluorescent layer is formed by a pyreneimidazole derivative.
Preferably, the thickness of the yellow phosphorescent layer is 0.1-20 nm, the thickness of the undoped blue fluorescent layer is 0.1-10 nm, and the thicknesses of the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the exciton blocking layer, the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer are independently 5-40 nm.
Preferably, the pyrene imidazole derivative is a pyrene imidazole-benzene ring derivative, the pyrene imidazole-benzene ring derivative is PPyIM, PyI-SBF, PyI-DPF or PyI-3TP, and the structural formulas of the PPyIM, PyI-SBF, PyI-DPF and PyI-3TP are shown in formula 1:
Figure BDA0003208807870000021
preferably, the main material of the phenanthroimidazole derivative is a phenanthroimidazole-benzene ring derivative, the phenanthroimidazole-benzene ring derivative is PI-SBF, PI-DPF, PI-3TP or PPIM, and the structural formulas of the PI-SBF, the PI-DPF, the PI-3TP and the PPIM are shown as formula 2:
Figure BDA0003208807870000022
preferably, the phosphorescent yellow guest material is (acetylacetone) bis [2- (thieno [3,2-c ] pyridin-4-yl) phenyl ] iridium (III).
Preferably, the doping concentration of the yellow phosphorescent guest material in the light-emitting layer is 0.1-20 wt%.
Preferably, the doping concentration of the yellow phosphorescent guest material in the light-emitting layer is 1-10 wt%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the white light organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability, which comprises the following steps:
sputtering on a transparent substrate to form an anode;
and sequentially performing vacuum evaporation on the surface of the anode to obtain the white light organic electroluminescent device with low-efficiency roll-off and high-spectral stability.
The invention provides a white light organic electroluminescent device with low-efficiency roll-off and high-spectral stability, which sequentially comprises a transparent substrate, an anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an exciton blocking layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and a cathode from bottom to top, wherein the light-emitting layer is of a double-layer structure and sequentially comprises a yellow phosphorescent layer and a non-doped blue fluorescent layer from bottom to top; the yellow phosphorescent layer is formed by doping a phenanthroimidazole derivative host material with a yellow phosphorescent guest material, and the undoped blue fluorescent layer is formed by a pyreneimidazole derivative.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the pyrene imidazole derivative is used as a non-doped blue layer, the phenanthrene imidazole derivative with similar structure and excited state property is used as a main body of the phosphorescent dye, and the white light organic electroluminescent device with simple structure, low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability is prepared, and is hopefully applied commercially; the pyrene imidazole derivative can realize high-efficiency and low-roll-off blue light emission, and the phenanthrene imidazole derivative is used as a main body of a yellow phosphorescent material and also shows good performance of a phosphorescent device. In the white light device, singlet excitons are utilized by the blue fluorescent material to generate blue light, and triplet excitons are utilized by the yellow phosphorescent guest to generate yellow light, and finally white light emission is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a white organic electroluminescent device of example 1;
fig. 2 is a current efficiency-luminance-energy efficiency characteristic line of the white organic electroluminescent device of example 1;
FIG. 3 is an external quantum efficiency-luminance characteristic curve and normalized electroluminescence spectra, CIE and CRI of the white organic electroluminescent device of example 1;
fig. 4 is a normalized electroluminescence spectrum I at different luminances of the white organic electroluminescent device of example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a white light organic electroluminescent device with low-efficiency roll-off and high-spectral stability, which sequentially comprises a transparent substrate, an anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an exciton blocking layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and a cathode from bottom to top, wherein the light-emitting layer is of a double-layer structure and sequentially comprises a yellow phosphorescent layer and a non-doped blue fluorescent layer from bottom to top; the yellow phosphorescent layer is formed by doping a phenanthroimidazole derivative host material with a yellow phosphorescent guest material, and the undoped blue fluorescent layer is formed by a pyreneimidazole derivative.
In the invention, the thickness of the yellow phosphorescent layer is preferably 0.1-20 nm, the thickness of the undoped blue fluorescent layer is preferably 0.1-10 nm, and the thicknesses of the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the exciton blocking layer, the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer are independently preferably 5-40 nm.
In the present invention, the pyrene imidazole derivative is preferably a pyrene imidazole-benzene ring derivative, the pyrene imidazole-benzene ring derivative is preferably PPyIM, PyI-SBF, PyI-DPF or PyI-3TP, and the structural formula of the PPyIM, PyI-SBF, PyI-DPF and PyI-3TP is shown as formula 1:
Figure BDA0003208807870000041
in the invention, the main material of the phenanthroimidazole derivative is preferably a phenanthroimidazole-benzene ring derivative, the phenanthroimidazole-benzene ring derivative is preferably PI-SBF, PI-DPF, PI-3TP or PPIM, and the structural formulas of the PI-SBF, the PI-DPF, the PI-3TP and the PPIM are shown as formula 2:
Figure BDA0003208807870000051
in the invention, the triplet state energy level of the phenanthroimidazole-benzene ring derivative is higher than that of a phosphorescent object, so that the energy transfer from the object to the object can be ensured, and the phenanthroimidazole-benzene ring derivative has balanced carrier transmission property, so that a carrier recombination region can be widened, quenching of excitons is reduced, the efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability are reduced, and in addition, the phenanthroimidazole-benzene ring derivative and the pyreneoimidazole-benzene ring derivative have similar molecular structures and excited state properties, so that exciton quenching between a phosphorescent layer and a fluorescent layer can be avoided.
In the present invention, the phosphorescent yellow guest material is preferably (acetylacetone) bis [2- (thieno [3,2-c ] pyridin-4-yl) phenyl ] iridium (III) (PO-01), which can utilize triplet excitons, thereby improving device efficiency; the luminescent layer is prepared by a host-guest doping technology, under the optimized doping concentration, excitons generated on the host material can be utilized by the yellow phosphorescent guest to generate yellow light, and finally, the yellow light is combined with blue light to realize bicolor white light emission.
In the invention, the doping concentration of the yellow phosphorescent guest material in the light-emitting layer is preferably 0.1-20 wt%, and more preferably 1-10 wt%.
In the present invention, the hole injection layer is preferably 2,3,6,7,10, 11-hexacyano-1, 4,5,8,9, 12-Hexaazatriphenylene (HATCN), the hole transport layer is preferably 4,4' -cyclohexylbis [ N, N-bis (4-methylphenyl) aniline ] (TAPC), the exciton blocking layer is preferably tris (4-carbazol-9-phenyl) amine (TCTA), the electron injection layer is preferably lithium fluoride, and the electron transport layer is preferably 3,3' - [5' - [3- (3-pyridyl) phenyl ] [1,1':3',1 "-terphenyl ] -3, 3" -diyl ] bipyridine (pytmpb).
In the present invention, the transparent substrate is preferably a transparent conductive glass, the anode is preferably Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), and the cathode is preferably an Al thin film.
In the present invention, the structural formula of the HATCN, TAPC, TCTA, TmPyPB, PO-01, PPyIM, PyI-SBF, PyI-DPF, PyI-3TP, PI-SBF, PI-DPF, PI-3TP and PPIM is shown in formula 3, and the sources of the HATCN, TAPC, TCTA, TmPyPB, PO-01, PPyIM, PyI-SBF, PyI-DPF, PyI-3TP, PI-SBF, PI-DPF, PI-3TP and PPIM are not particularly limited, and they may be commercially available products known to those skilled in the art or prepared by conventional technical means of those skilled in the art.
Figure BDA0003208807870000061
The invention also provides a preparation method of the white light organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability, which comprises the following steps:
sputtering on a transparent substrate to form an anode;
and sequentially performing vacuum evaporation on the surface of the anode to obtain the white light organic electroluminescent device with low-efficiency roll-off and high-spectral stability.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the white organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A white organic electroluminescent device (W) has the following structure: ITO/HATCN (6nm)/TAPC (30nm)/TCTA (10nm)/PPIM PO-01-8 wt% (6nm)/PPyIM (14nm)/TmPyPb (40nm)/LiF (1.2nm)
As shown in fig. 1, the structure of the device W is shifted from bottom to top by the superposition of the following functional layers: a transparent substrate, an anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an exciton blocking layer, a yellow phosphorescent layer, an undoped blue fluorescent layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and a cathode. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparing an ITO thin plate as an anode on the substrate conductive glass in a sputtering mode; sequentially washing the ITO conductive glass with deionized water, isopropanol, acetone, toluene, acetone and isopropanol in an ultrasonic bath for 20 minutes respectively, and finally placing the ITO conductive glass in an isopropanol solution. Treating the surface of the ITO glass in an ultraviolet ozone cleaning machine for 40 minutes, and then transferring the ITO glass into vacuum evaporation equipment; vacuum evaporating a hole injection layer HATCN on the anode ITO conductive glass, wherein the thickness of the hole injection layer HATCN is 6 nm; then, vacuum evaporating a hole transport layer TAPC with the thickness of 30 nm; evaporating an exciton blocking layer TCTA on TAPC, wherein the thickness of the exciton blocking layer TCTA is 10 nm; on top of TCTA, a light emitting layer is evaporated: the light emitting layer is a yellow phosphor layer PPIM: PO-01(6nm, PPIM is a host fluorescent material, PO-01 is an object phosphorescent material, the mass doping concentration of a light-emitting layer of the object material is 8 percent), and an undoped blue-light fluorescent layer PPyIM (14 nm); an electron transport layer TmPyPB is evaporated on the luminescent layer, and the thickness is 40 nm; then evaporating an electron injection layer LiF with the thickness of 1.2 nm; on LiF, a cathode Al is evaporated to a thickness of 100 nm.
The performance of the device W prepared as described above was examined, fig. 2 and 3 are device efficiency diagrams of the device W, and fig. 2 is a current efficiency-luminance-energy efficiency characteristic line of the white organic electroluminescent device of example 1; FIG. 3 shows the external quantum efficiency-luminance characteristic curve and normalized electroluminescence spectrum, CIE and CRI of the white OLED of example 1. it can be seen from the graph that the efficiency of the device is very high, the maximum External Quantum Efficiency (EQE) can reach 23.5%, which is 5000 cd.m-2The brightness of the quantum dot can be kept at 21.2%, and the roll-off of the external quantum efficiency is only 9.8%. Meanwhile, as can be seen from the fourth graph, the white device showed stable warm white emission, 1000cd · m-2The color coordinates at luminance were (0.454, 0.439). At a luminance of 3000/5000/10000cd m-2The color coordinates were (0.454,0.440), (0.453,0.439), (0.448,0.434), respectively, at 1000cd · m-2To 10000cd m-2The color coordinate variation value in the luminance range is only (0.006, 0.005).
Detailed electroluminescent performance data for the devices of example 1 of the present invention are listed in table 1.
TABLE 1 electroluminescent Property data of the device W
Figure BDA0003208807870000081
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A white light organic electroluminescent device with low-efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability is characterized in that a transparent substrate, an anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an exciton blocking layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and a cathode are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the light emitting layer is of a double-layer structure and is sequentially provided with a yellow phosphorescent layer and an undoped blue fluorescent layer from bottom to top; the yellow phosphorescent layer is formed by doping a phenanthroimidazole derivative host material with a yellow phosphorescent guest material, and the undoped blue fluorescent layer is formed by a pyreneimidazole derivative.
2. The white organic electroluminescent device having low roll-off efficiency and high spectral stability according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the yellow phosphorescent layer is 0.1 to 20nm, the thickness of the undoped blue fluorescent layer is 0.1 to 10nm, and the thicknesses of the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the exciton blocking layer, the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer are independently 5 to 40 nm.
3. The white organic electroluminescent device with low roll-off efficiency and high spectral stability according to claim 1, wherein the pyrene imidazole derivative is a pyrene imidazole-benzene ring derivative, the pyrene imidazole-benzene ring derivative is PPyIM, PyI-SBF, PyI-DPF or PyI-3TP, and the PPyIM, PyI-SBF, PyI-DPF and PyI-3TP have the structural formulas shown in formula 1:
Figure FDA0003208807860000011
4. the white organic electroluminescent device with low roll-off efficiency and high spectral stability according to claim 1, wherein the main material of the phenanthroimidazole derivative is a phenanthroimidazole-benzene ring derivative, the phenanthroimidazole-benzene ring derivative is PI-SBF, PI-DPF, PI-3TP or PPIM, and the structural formulas of the PI-SBF, PI-DPF, PI-3TP and PPIM are as shown in formula 2:
Figure FDA0003208807860000012
5. a white organic electroluminescent device with low roll-off efficiency and high spectral stability according to claim 1, characterized in that the phosphorescent yellow guest material is (acetylacetone) bis [2- (thieno [3,2-c ] pyridin-4-yl) phenyl ] iridium (III).
6. The white organic electroluminescent device with low roll-off efficiency and high spectral stability according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the doping concentration of the phosphorescent yellow guest material in the light emitting layer is 0.1-20 wt%.
7. The white organic electroluminescent device with low roll-off efficiency and high spectral stability of claim 6, wherein the doping concentration of the phosphorescent yellow guest material in the light emitting layer is 1-10 wt%.
8. The method for preparing a white light organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
sputtering on a transparent substrate to form an anode;
and sequentially performing vacuum evaporation on the surface of the anode to obtain the white light organic electroluminescent device with low-efficiency roll-off and high-spectral stability.
CN202110924890.5A 2021-08-12 2021-08-12 White light organic electroluminescent device with low efficiency roll-off and high spectral stability and preparation method thereof Pending CN113659086A (en)

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