CN113656824B - Intelligent terminal information safety interaction method of Internet of things based on block chain and IPFS technology - Google Patents
Intelligent terminal information safety interaction method of Internet of things based on block chain and IPFS technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an information security interaction method for an intelligent terminal of an internet of things based on a block chain and IPFS technology, and mainly solves the problems that the information transmission of the terminal of the internet of things is safe, cross-device interaction is complicated, and the storage pressure of equipment information is high in the prior art. By introducing the block chain technology in the cross-terminal equipment interaction collaboration of the Internet of things, intelligent terminals with different structures become equal and independent block chain link points, actively participate in information interaction and maintenance, and the problem of high dependency of heterogeneous equipment information interaction on a centralized server is solved. And initiating a request in decentralized application, triggering an intelligent contract, meeting a condition block chain network related node response request, and sending required information. The problems of low efficiency, high consumption and high data transmission risk caused by frequent centralized processing interaction are solved. Meanwhile, the traceability characteristic of the block chain technology is utilized to link and store the interactive operation information between the nodes, and traceability and accountability can be realized when the shared data is tampered by the malicious nodes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of a block chain of an Internet of things, and particularly relates to an information security interaction method for an intelligent terminal of the Internet of things based on the block chain and an IPFS technology.
Background
In the current smart city construction, the technology of internet of things is widely used, for example, common public transportation, sewer manhole cover, urban street lighting, intelligent water meter/electric meter/gas meter and other devices collect and transmit data through sensor connection and monitoring, and data of more individuals and public facility devices can be automatically collected and widely used in the future. The smart city construction of the internet of things relates to cross-level, cross-department and cross-equipment data interconnection and intercommunication, and can face the problems of various equipment, data fragmentation, mass data, frequent centralized system interaction, low information interaction safety and the like, so that the traditional internet of things technology is not beneficial to extension and development of smart city construction, and cannot meet the requirements on safety, low energy consumption and high efficiency.
The service platform of the Internet of things based on the block chain technology has the characteristic that the traditional Internet of things realizes real object informatization interconnection, and meanwhile, the advantages of non-tampering, traceability and distributed block chains are combined, so that the risk of tampering in the data transmission process of the intelligent terminal equipment of the Internet of things can be effectively avoided. In terms of storage problems, the interstellar file system (IPFS) technology integrates the advantages of the existing distributed storage networks such as BitTorrent, DHT, Git and SFS, the distributed point-to-point transmission storage is adopted, data storage is optimized, and the pressure of uplink storage of big data or storage in terminal equipment can be effectively relieved. The method for the information interaction of the internet of things terminal based on the block chain and the IPFS can reduce the dependence on a centralized server in the process of information interaction across equipment, and realize efficient circulation and trace-type management of information and value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an information security interaction method for an intelligent terminal of the Internet of things based on a block chain and IPFS technology, and mainly solves the problems that the information transmission of the terminal of the Internet of things is safe, cross-device interaction is complicated, and the storage pressure of equipment information is high in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an information security interaction method for an intelligent terminal of the Internet of things based on a block chain and an IPFS technology is provided, and an information interaction system of the intelligent terminal comprises:
the intelligent terminal node: collecting original data or calculating according to the service of the Internet of things to generate calculation result data;
IPFS network: the intelligent terminal device is used for storing a large amount of original data acquired by the intelligent terminal device and generating a hash value of a storage address;
block chain network: the block chain network is formed by data blocks generated by intelligent terminal nodes, and interaction records among the nodes, calculation result data generated by intelligent terminal equipment and IPFS hash addresses of original collected data are recorded in each block book;
decentralized application DApp: an application platform deployed on the intelligent terminal node is used as an intermediary for interaction between terminal devices, triggers an intelligent contract condition and executes the interaction;
the information security interaction method comprises the following steps:
step S1: the intelligent terminal collects first-line original data, and the intelligent terminal nodes perform primary data analysis and mining to obtain processed calculation result data;
step S2: slicing and storing original data on an IPFS network according to DApp deployed on a terminal node, returning an address link of data storage by the IPFS, and storing the address link of the IPFS and result data in a block book;
step S3: adopting a specific consensus algorithm to link up the IPFS address hash and the calculation result data hash after approval of each node to form an Etherhouse block chain;
step S4: after the data uploaded by the intelligent terminal node, each participating node in the Etherhouse block chain operates through an interactive page in the DApp;
step S5: defining service logic of terminal equipment interaction in the intelligent contract, accessing a block chain by using web.js, and initiating remote procedure call to the block chain according to an intelligent contract address and an application program binary interface;
step S6: the node in the block chain related to the request responds to the request, returns a response result, and records the request-response process in the interactive Mercker tree of the block data layer;
step S7: after the interactive platform acquires the block data, a node storing specific data is found in the IPFS network according to the original data address included in the block data, the original data and the calculation result data are transmitted to the intelligent terminal equipment initiating the request, and interactive operation among the terminal equipment of the Internet of things is completed.
Further, in the present invention, the block generated by the intelligent terminal node includes a block header and a block body; the block head comprises a front block Hash, a random number Nonce, a timestamp, a block serial number, a resource Merkle tree root node Hash and an interactive Merkle root node Hash; the block body comprises an original data storage address hash value, a calculation result data hash value, a device unique physical address, a block chain address, a call record, authority authentication and an access record.
Further, in the present invention, the resource Merkle tree root node is responsible for summarizing data generated by the device, and the interactive Merkle tree root node is responsible for summarizing terminal node interactive data.
Further, in the present invention, the original data storage address hash value is a hash value formed by combining node addresses distributed and stored after slicing original data.
Further, in the present invention, the intelligent terminal device includes a data collection module and a central processing module; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring original data, generating calculation result data in the central processing module and realizing the edge calculation of the equipment of the Internet of things.
Further, in the present invention, the raw data of the data acquisition module includes water consumption, electricity consumption, gas consumption, and fuel oil consumption collected by the household appliance; the calculation result data is information obtained by analyzing and mining the original data at the edge equipment according to the business requirements of the internet of things.
Further, in the present invention, the decentralized application DApp includes a web page for participant interaction, a code library for interacting with a blockchain, and an intelligent contract code for implementing business logic, and implements mediation of device interaction with the blockchain.
Furthermore, in the invention, the intelligent contract is deployed on the block chain and comprises a service logic of node interaction, a program code which can be automatically executed after being triggered by the nodes, the nodes initiate operation through a DApp page to trigger the intelligent contract, and the contract automatically executes to complete the interaction operation.
Further, in the present invention, the node interaction operation includes: data sharing, resource viewing and authority configuration among terminal nodes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, a block chain technology is introduced into the cross-terminal equipment interaction collaboration of the Internet of things, so that intelligent terminals with different structures become equal and independent block chain link points, actively participate in information interaction and maintenance, and the problem of high dependency of heterogeneous equipment information interaction on a centralized server is solved. By utilizing the advantages of transparent block chain, P2P, decentralization and safety, each terminal node of the Internet of things of the block chain directly participates in interaction: and initiating a request in decentralized application, triggering an intelligent contract, meeting a condition block chain network related node response request, and sending required information. The problems of low efficiency, high consumption and high data transmission risk caused by frequent centralized processing interaction are solved. Meanwhile, the traceability characteristic of the block chain technology is utilized to link and store the interactive operation information between the nodes, and traceability and accountability can be realized when the shared data is tampered by the malicious nodes.
(2) The invention adopts IPFS technology on the storage problem of the terminal equipment, links 'mature data' (calculation result data) 'raw data' (original acquisition data) in an IPFS network node, stores the data in a slicing way in a hierarchical way, realizes multi-party cooperative protection of the data, and simultaneously reduces the storage pressure of the edge calculation equipment. The data security aspect is also superior, and after the participating nodes acquire the data of the other party through interactive operation, besides the traditional encryption and decryption operations, whether the calculation result data is matched with the corresponding original data or not can be verified through the calculation capacity of the intelligent terminal under the link, and whether the data is maliciously tampered in the data transmission process or not can be further verified.
(3) In the block structure of the invention, two Mercker number root nodes are added in a data layer, and one Mercker tree is used for recording basic data uploaded by the nodes: storing a hash value of an address and a hash value of the calculation result data by using the original data; and the other Mercker tree is used for recording terminal node interaction data: request-response information for access, invocation, authentication. The requirement of a block chain technology for realizing data information interaction is met, the traceability of the operation process is realized, the positioning of some illegal operations by a supervision department is facilitated, and trace type management is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a general solution framework design diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the DApp architecture design of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block data structure diagram according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an IPFS data storage structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following description and examples, which include but are not limited to the following examples.
Examples
The invention discloses an information security interaction method of an intelligent terminal of the internet of things based on a block chain and IPFS technology, as shown in figures 1 and 2, an information interaction system based on the method comprises the following steps:
the intelligent terminal node: collecting original data or calculating according to the service of the Internet of things to generate calculation result data;
IPFS network: the intelligent terminal device is used for storing a large amount of original data acquired by the intelligent terminal device and generating a hash value of a storage address;
block chain network: the block chain network is formed by data blocks generated by intelligent terminal nodes, and interaction records among the nodes, calculation result data generated by intelligent terminal equipment and IPFS hash addresses of original collected data are recorded in each block book;
decentralized application DApp: the intelligent contract method comprises a web page interacted by participants, a code base interacted with a block chain, an intelligent contract code for realizing service logic, an intermediary for realizing equipment to carry out block chain interaction, an application platform deployed on an intelligent terminal node, an intelligent contract condition triggered and interaction executed. The intelligent contract is deployed on a block chain and comprises a node interaction service logic, a program code which can be automatically executed after being triggered by nodes, the nodes initiate operation through a DApp page to trigger the intelligent contract, and the contract automatically executes to complete interaction operation. The node interaction operation comprises data sharing, resource viewing and authority configuration among terminal nodes.
In the Internet of things interactive system, each Internet of things intelligent terminal device is deployed with DApp as a participating node, and the heterogeneity of bottom hardware, communication protocols, data structures and the like of different sensor devices is shielded in the collecting process and is unified into a device service type and a recorded numerical value. And (3) an interaction process: (1) the intelligent terminal equipment acquires original data, and a central processing module is used for analyzing and mining the data to obtain calculation result data; (2) original data are stored in each node slice of the IPFS network, and the IPFS returns a node address; (3) uploading the calculation result data and the hash address of the original data to a block chain network through DApp; (4) and initiating a request on the DApp, wherein the request is divided into data sharing, resource viewing and authority authentication, triggering an intelligent contract, and after meeting contract conditions, responding the request by the related nodes of the block chain network, sending required information to a program interface, and returning the required information to the intelligent terminal by the DApp in a web interface form.
Specifically, the whole interaction flow is as follows:
step S1: the intelligent terminal collects first-line original data, and the intelligent terminal nodes perform primary data analysis and mining to obtain processed calculation result data;
step S2: slicing and storing original data on an IPFS network according to DApp deployed on a terminal node, returning an address link of data storage by the IPFS, and storing the address link of the IPFS and result data in a block book;
step S3: adopting a specific consensus algorithm to link up the IPFS address hash and the calculation result data hash after approval of each node to form an Etherhouse block chain;
step S4: after the data uploaded by the intelligent terminal node, each participating node in the Etherhouse block chain operates through an interactive page in the DApp;
step S5: defining service logic of terminal equipment interaction in the intelligent contract, accessing a block chain by using web.js, and initiating remote procedure call to the block chain according to an intelligent contract address and an application program binary interface;
step S6: the node in the block chain related to the request responds to the request, returns a response result, and records the request-response process in the interactive Mercker tree of the block data layer;
step S7: after the interactive platform acquires the block data, a node storing specific data is found in the IPFS network according to the original data address included in the block data, the original data and the calculation result data are transmitted to the intelligent terminal equipment initiating the request, and interactive operation among the terminal equipment of the Internet of things is completed.
FIG. 3 is a DApp framework design diagram according to the present invention, the complete DApp needs to contain the web pages of participant interactions, the code base of the interaction with the blockchain, and the intelligent contract code that implements the business logic. After the SOL file of the intelligent contract is compiled, the SOL file is compiled into a JSON file through a Truffle compiler. Truffle deploys these file migrations onto blockchains. Loading a JSON file generated by Truffle compiling by a js code library to generate an intelligent contract object of a Javascript version; the intelligent contract object of the Javascript version is referred by the page in the interactive interface; and in addition, Web3.js communicates with a blockchain simulator Ganache through JSON PRC to realize the read-write access of blockchain logic. And a wallet plug-in MetaMask is used in the interactive interface and is used for communicating with the blockchain simulator and calling an API (application program interface) in a Web3.JS library, and finally, after the browser renders through a page script containing JS codes, the interactive information is displayed to the terminal equipment.
Each block in fig. 4 includes (1) a block header: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a block sequence number, a resource Merkle tree root node Hash and an interactive Merkle root node Hash, wherein the block sequence number is a block sequence number, and the block sequence number is a block sequence number. The resource Merkle tree root node is responsible for summarizing data (original data storage address hash value, calculation result data hash value and unique physical address of the equipment) generated by the equipment, and the interactive Merkle tree root node is responsible for summarizing terminal node interactive data (authority authentication, access records and call records). A Merkle tree is a binary tree structure, and the leaf nodes of the Merkle tree are typically hash values of data. (2) Zone block body: in the invention, the block volume data comprises leaf nodes of a Merkle tree, wherein the leaf nodes of the Merkle tree are resources for calculating a data hash value and an IPFS address link hash value corresponding to original data for terminal equipment; the record generated by the interaction between the interaction Merkle number leaf node Wie terminal and the blockchain through DApp specifically includes: request type (divided into data sharing DS, resource view RC, authority authentication AA), response condition (N/Y), block chain address, device ID (unique physical address of device participating in interaction).
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of data storage in the IPFS network, in which the original data is divided into a plurality of data pieces with equal size in the IPFS network (each 256K size is one data piece), each node stored in the IPFS network is distributed, and the file data pieces are organized according to a Merkle DAG structure. Each stored data piece can be inquired through the node address, and the data can be spliced to obtain complete original data by obtaining each node address. The original data address is formed by combining the addresses of the nodes storing the data pieces.
In this embodiment, the intelligent terminal device includes a data collection module and a central processing module; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring original data, generating calculation result data in the central processing module and realizing the edge calculation of the equipment of the Internet of things. The original data of the data acquisition module comprises water consumption, electricity consumption, gas consumption and fuel oil consumption which are acquired by household equipment; the calculation result data is information obtained by analyzing and mining the original data at the edge equipment according to the business requirements of the internet of things.
The invention has the following characteristics in terms of the safety of information interaction:
(1) data of the Internet of things intelligent terminal equipment based on the block chain and IPFS technology are transmitted in a Hash encryption mode.
(2) Besides encrypted transmission, a public verification mechanism of original data and calculation result data is added, further, uplink data includes encrypted original data address and calculation result data, and when a terminal node initiates a data sharing request and the request is responded, the required uplink data is obtained. The self edge calculation capability can be utilized to calculate according to the acquired original data, and whether the received calculation data is matched with the corresponding original data is verified. Each transmitted data can be publicly verified, and the safety of the data transmission process is ensured.
(3) The interactive data Hash is added into the block chain, and an information island is broken through the consensus authentication of each participating node, so that interactive records are generated in a credible and traceable environment.
(4) The original data are divided into a plurality of data blocks with the same size in the IPFS network, and the data blocks are distributed to each node of the IPFS network according to a certain algorithm rule for storage, so that the difficulty of data tampering is increased.
Through the design, the invention solves the high dependency of information interaction of heterogeneous equipment on the centralized server, and solves the problems of low efficiency, high consumption and high data transmission risk caused by frequent centralized processing interaction. Meanwhile, the traceability characteristic of the block chain technology is utilized to link and store the interactive operation information between the nodes, and traceability and accountability can be realized when the shared data is tampered by the malicious nodes. Thus, the present invention provides substantial features and improvements over the prior art.
The above-mentioned embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention, but all the insubstantial modifications or changes made within the spirit and scope of the main design of the present invention, which still solve the technical problems consistent with the present invention, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An information security interaction method for an intelligent terminal of the Internet of things based on a block chain and an IPFS technology is characterized in that an information interaction system of the intelligent terminal comprises:
the intelligent terminal node: collecting original data or calculating according to the service of the Internet of things to generate calculation result data;
IPFS network: the intelligent terminal device is used for storing a large amount of original data acquired by the intelligent terminal device and generating a hash value of a storage address;
block chain network: the block chain network is formed by data blocks generated by intelligent terminal nodes, and interaction records among the nodes, calculation result data generated by intelligent terminal equipment and IPFS hash addresses of original collected data are recorded in each block book;
decentralized application DApp: an application platform deployed on the intelligent terminal node is used as an intermediary for interaction between terminal devices, triggers an intelligent contract condition and executes the interaction;
the information security interaction method comprises the following steps:
step S1: the intelligent terminal collects a line of original data and intelligent terminal nodes; performing primary data analysis and mining to obtain processed calculation result data;
step S2: slicing and storing original data on an IPFS network according to DApp deployed on a terminal node, returning an address link of data storage by the IPFS, and storing the address link of the IPFS and result data in a block book;
step S3: adopting a specific consensus algorithm to link up the IPFS address hash and the calculation result data hash after approval of each node to form an Etherhouse block chain;
step S4: after the data uploaded by the intelligent terminal node, each participating node in the Etherhouse block chain operates through an interactive page in the DApp;
step S5: defining service logic of terminal equipment interaction in the intelligent contract, accessing a block chain by using web.js, and initiating remote procedure call to the block chain according to an intelligent contract address and an application program binary interface;
step S6: the node in the block chain related to the request responds to the request, returns a response result, and records the request-response process in the interactive Mercker tree of the block data layer;
step S7: after the interactive platform acquires the block data, a node storing specific data is found in the IPFS network according to the original data address included in the block data, the original data and the calculation result data are transmitted to the intelligent terminal equipment initiating the request, and interactive operation among the terminal equipment of the Internet of things is completed.
2. The method for the safe interaction of the information of the intelligent terminal of the internet of things based on the blockchain and the IPFS technology according to claim 1, wherein the block generated by the intelligent terminal node comprises a block head and a block body; the block head comprises a front block Hash, a random number Nonce, a timestamp, a block serial number, a resource Merkle tree root node Hash and an interactive Merkle tree root node Hash; the block body comprises an original data storage address hash value, a calculation result data hash value, a request type, a response condition, a block chain address and a device ID.
3. The internet of things intelligent terminal information security interaction method based on the blockchain and IPFS technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the resource Merkle tree root node is responsible for summarizing data generated by equipment, and the interaction Merkle tree root node is responsible for summarizing terminal node interaction data.
4. The Internet of things intelligent terminal information security interaction method based on the blockchain and IPFS technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein the original data storage address hash value is a hash value formed by combining node addresses distributed and stored after original data is sliced.
5. The method for the safe interaction of the information of the intelligent terminal of the internet of things based on the blockchain and the IPFS technology according to claim 4, wherein the intelligent terminal equipment comprises a data collection module and a central processing module; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring original data, generating calculation result data in the central processing module and realizing the edge calculation of the equipment of the Internet of things.
6. The Internet of things intelligent terminal information security interaction method based on the blockchain and IPFS technology is characterized in that the original data of the data acquisition module comprise water consumption, electricity consumption, gas consumption and fuel consumption acquired by household equipment; the calculation result data is information obtained after the edge device analyzes and mines the original data according to the business requirements of the internet of things.
7. The method for safe interaction of the information of the intelligent terminal of the internet of things based on the blockchain and IPFS technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein the decentralized application DApp comprises a web page for participant interaction, a code library for interacting with the blockchain and an intelligent contract code for implementing business logic, and an intermediary for implementing equipment deblock chain interaction is implemented.
8. The method for information security interaction of the internet of things intelligent terminal based on the blockchain and the IPFS technology according to claim 7, wherein the intelligent contract is deployed on the blockchain, and comprises a service logic of node interaction and a program code which can be automatically executed after being triggered by the nodes, and the intelligent contract is triggered by initiating an operation through a DApp page between the nodes, and the contract is automatically executed to complete the interaction operation.
9. The method for information security interaction of the intelligent terminal of the internet of things based on the blockchain and IPFS technology according to claim 8, wherein the node interaction operation comprises: data sharing, resource viewing and permission configuration among terminal nodes.
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| CN114915640B (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-12-26 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | Data security interaction method, system, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN115394076A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-11-25 | 上海交通大学 | Intelligent vehicle-road cooperative system sensing technology and application thereof |
| CN115664854B (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-03-10 | 广州市悦智计算机有限公司 | Method for chaining and confirming data of data acquisition equipment of Internet of things |
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