CN113656745B - Calculation method for runoff yield reference underground water burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation - Google Patents
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002680 soil gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
Abstract
The invention discloses a calculation method of a runoff production reference underground water burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation, which comprises the following steps: collecting related parameters of rainfall-runoff relation through data investigation; determining rainfall runoff relation of a research area, and calculating infiltration quantity R under the average condition of years g The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Determining the soil type and parameters corresponding to different types of soil; calculating the reference burial depth h of the produced flow through a formula s . The quantitative relation between the thickness of the air-packing zone and the rainfall runoff relation change is determined by researching the physical mechanism of the runoff forming process from the aspect of physics, particularly classical mechanics, the runoff reference burial depth for maintaining a stable rainfall runoff relation in a natural normal state is defined, a quantitative calculation formula is deduced, the method has universality for solving the problem of regional rainfall-runoff relation change caused by groundwater exploitation, and effective theoretical basis and technical support can be provided for regional groundwater treatment and recovery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrologic water conservancy calculation methods, in particular to a calculation method of a runoff production datum underground water burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation.
Background
The rainfall-runoff relationship is a core feature of hydrologic cycle and reflects the capability of rainfall to generate runoff under the actions of evaporation, infiltration and the like, and is kept in a stable state under normal conditions. Under the interference of human activities, the rainfall-runoff relation of a plurality of areas is changed, particularly in the North China plain, under the condition that the rainfall variation is not obvious, the surface water yield is greatly reduced or even basically no runoff is generated, and great threat is brought to the economic and social development and ecological safety of the areas. The reason for the change of the rainfall-runoff relation is that the natural normal condition of the supporting runoff producing mechanism is changed, and the thickening of the air-packing belt is mainly caused by the continuous drop of the underground water level. The method has the advantages that the yield reference underground water burial depth reflecting the rainfall runoff relation under the natural normal condition is determined, the reference basis can be provided for the underground water super-mining treatment and recovery represented by North China plain, and the method is significant.
In the prior art, the underground water burial depth when the human interference is tiny is usually obtained according to an empirical formula or long-term observation inversion of the actual underground water level and is used as a production flow reference burial depth, and the methods have the defects of lack of a theoretical mechanism and strong dependence on monitoring data and are difficult to apply on a large scale.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method for calculating the burial depth of the produced flow reference ground water, which reflects the rainfall runoff relation under the natural normal condition, so as to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing calculation method of the production flow reference underground water burial depth lacks a theoretical mechanism, has strong dependence on monitoring data and is difficult to apply on a large scale, and provides the calculation method of the production flow reference underground water burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation.
The calculation method of the runoff yield reference underground water burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation comprises the following steps:
step one: collecting related parameters of rainfall-runoff relation through data investigation;
step two: determining rainfall runoff relation of areas, and calculating infiltration quantity R under average condition of years g ；
Step three: determining the soil type and parameters corresponding to different types of soil: determining the soil type of the area according to data investigation and field investigation, comparing different types of soil, determining porosity, field water holding capacity, wilting coefficient and residual water content, and accordingly giving the porosity xi and initial water content omega of various soils in the research area 0 ；
Step four: calculating the reference burial depth h of the produced flow according to the following formula s ：
Wherein P is 0 The gravity acceleration is g, the rainfall in the period of producing flow is I, and the evaporation amount on the water surface in the period of producing flow is E.
Wherein, the rainfall-runoff relation related parameters in the first step comprise: average rainfall, water surface evaporation and surface runoff for many years.
The rainfall runoff relation of the determined area in the second step is as follows: determining the period of the fluid production according to the hydrological characteristics of the region; determining rainfall I, water surface evaporation E and surface runoff R in the runoff period according to the average data of the region for many years o And thus reverse osmosis rate R under average conditions over a plurality of years g The calculation formula is as follows:
R g ＝I-E-R o 。
wherein, in the fourth step, the reference burial depth h of the produced flow s ：
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the calculation method of the runoff reference underground water burial depth reflecting the rainfall runoff relation, provided by the invention, from the physical, especially classical mechanical, angles are utilized, the quantitative relation between the thickness of the air-covered belt and the rainfall runoff relation change is determined by researching the physical mechanism of the runoff forming process, the runoff reference burial depth maintaining the stable rainfall runoff relation in a natural normal state is defined, and a quantitative calculation formula is deduced; the calculation method has definite physical process and action mechanism, has universality for solving the problem of regional rainfall-runoff relation change caused by underground water exploitation, and can provide effective theoretical basis and technical support for regional underground water treatment and recovery.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stress analysis of a precipitation infiltration process;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for calculating a runoff reference underground water burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a calculation method of a runoff production reference underground water burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation, which is based on the following principle:
the natural substance movement is governed by the earth gravity field, and the rainfall infiltration and the production process are not exceptional. The rainfall falls to the ground under the action of gravity, and further infiltrates into the air-packing belt under the action of gravity. The pore of the air-covering belt is communicated with the atmosphere, and when the precipitation reaches the ground, the formed continuous water body covers the ground surface to isolate the air-covering belt from the atmosphere, so that the gas in the soil pore is in a closed state. Thereafter, the body of water is infiltrated downwardly under the force of gravity to occupy a portion of the void space such that the soil gas is compressed to increase the gas pressure to create a jacking force on the body of water. As the body of water continues to infiltrate downwardly, the space is further compressed and the jacking force continues to increase, while the water gravity is reduced due to evaporation from the surface of the water. The dynamic balance is obtained at a certain moment by the variation trend of the length and the length, namely the gravity is equal to the jacking force, and at the moment, the water bodies remained on the ground are surface runoffs. The generation of the air jacking force is closely related to the thickness of the air-covering belt, and the thickness of the air-covering belt is kept in a stable range and slightly fluctuates in a natural normal state, so that the rainfall runoff relationship is also in a stable fluctuation state. Along with the super-mining of regional groundwater, the groundwater level is continuously reduced, the thickness of the air-covering zone is continuously increased, the rainfall runoff relation is changed, the research on the change process has an irreplaceable effect on scientific management and restoration of the groundwater level, and the determination of the reference burial depth of the yielding water is a basis for establishing the cognition, so that a scientific basis and a restoration target can be provided for the super-mining treatment of the groundwater.
And carrying out stress analysis on the rainfall runoff forming process according to the thought. For convenience of discussion, the ground level and the aeration zone are assumed to be homogeneous soil, and the infiltration is started after the rainfall I reaches the ground surface. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a stress analysis of a precipitation infiltration process.
At time t=0, rainfall I reaches the ground, and the air-packing belt is isolated from the atmosphere (see figure 1 a) to form a closed soil gas space h (xi-omega) 0 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein ζ is the porosity, ω 0 Is the initial water content of the soil.
At this time, the water starts to infiltrate under the action of gravity, but the soil gas is not compressed, and the jacking force of the soil gas is not formed, and at this time, the gravity is G 0 ：
G 0 ＝ρgI；
Wherein ρ is the density of water; g is gravitational acceleration.
Initial pressure P of soil gas 0 Approximately equal to atmospheric pressure.
Next time t=Δt, (see fig. 1 b), under the action of gravity, I goes down to the soil depth Δh; during which the water surface evaporates to delta E, so that the gravity is reduced to G 1 ：
G 1 ＝ρg(I-ΔE)；
The soil gas space is compressed to (h- Δh) (ζ - ω) 0 ) The pressure is changed to P 1 According to the Boyle's theorem there are:
at this time, the pressure difference forms a soil gas jacking force F acting perpendicularly to the interface 1 ：
Thus, at the mtΔt time (see FIG. 1 c), the gravity is further reduced to G m ：
And the soil gas pressure is further increased to P m ：
At the moment, the compression jacking force of the soil gas is F m ：
Assuming that mDeltat reaches relative balance at moment, i.e. gravity is equal to jacking force, there is G m ＝F m ：
Order theFor total infiltration depth, ++>Is the total evaporation. Thus:
the above describes the structure of the air-bag belt when the gravity and the soil gas compression jacking force are balanced.
The precipitation I is now broken down into three parts: evaporation amount E; infiltration quantity R o ＝h g (ξ-ω 0 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The remainder is surface runoff R o ：
R o ＝I-E-R g ；
The above relation is rainfall runoff relation. And finally obtaining a reflected production flow reference burial depth calculation formula according to the previous analysis:
i.e.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for calculating a production flow reference underground water burial depth reflecting a rainfall runoff relation according to the present invention.
The method for calculating the production flow reference underground water burial depth reflecting the rainfall runoff relation comprises the following steps:
step one: through data investigation, collecting rainfall-runoff relation related parameters, including: average rainfall, water surface evaporation and surface runoff for many years.
Step two: determining rainfall runoff relation of areas, and calculating infiltration quantity R under average condition of years g : determining the period of the fluid production according to the hydrological characteristics of the region; determining rainfall I, water surface evaporation E and surface runoff R in the runoff period according to the average data of the region for many years o And thus reverse osmosis rate R under average conditions over a plurality of years g The calculation formula is as follows:
R g ＝I-E-R o 。
step three: determining the soil type and parameters corresponding to different types of soil: determining the soil type of the area according to data investigation and field investigation, comparing different types of soil, determining porosity, field water holding capacity, wilting coefficient and residual water content, and accordingly giving the porosity xi and initial water content omega of various soils in the research area 0 。
Step four: calculating the reference burial depth h of the produced flow according to the following formula s ：
I.e.
Wherein P is 0 Is the atmospheric pressure, ρ is the density of water; g is gravity acceleration, I is rainfall in the period of producing flow, and E is water surface evaporation in the period of producing flow.
Example 1
And (5) selecting a typical semi-wetting area North China plain with severe underground water super-mining to develop a study. And calculating the standard burial depth of the original current of North China plain by adopting a constructed theoretical formula.
The rainfall and runoff are referred to by the national first water resource evaluation (1956-1979 series) data, the data time series is early, the influence of human activities is relatively small, and the runoff is reduced and calculated, so that the natural normal condition can be basically reflected. The rainfall is mainly concentrated in the flood season, the ratio of the rainfall to the water surface is more than 70%, the yield is often from a plurality of large rainfall fields (the yield period is usually 6-8 months), and therefore the average data of the yield period (6-8 months) is adopted for both the rainfall and the water surface evaporation. Meanwhile, considering that the runoff is lagged due to rainfall, if the runoff data of the runoff producing period is adopted, larger errors can be brought, so that the calculation of the medium-diameter flow is obtained by deducting the base flow from the average natural runoff of many years. The average rainfall, the water surface evaporation and the runoff of each subarea of North China plain in the period of years are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 average rainfall, surface evaporation and runoff over years during the runoff period
According to a 1:100 ten thousand Chinese soil data set formed by the second soil investigation in China, the soil distribution of North China plain occupies more than 10% of the area of the soil, namely loam and loam. The calculation mainly considers the two kinds of soil. The physical parameters of different soils are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 physical parameters of different soils
Soil parameters mainly include soil porosity and initial water content. The soil porosity can be determined directly from table 2, and the initial water content of the soil is mainly considered to be the water content of the soil before the runoff producing period. According to national agricultural meteorological observation station data, the water content of soil before the period of flow (from the last ten days of 5 months to the last ten days of 6 months) is generally at the minimum value all year round, and the relative humidity of the soil at each station of the plain area is about 52% under the average condition of many years. The residual moisture content, wilting coefficient and 52% of the relative humidity of the soil were selected as the initial moisture content of the soil.
The atmospheric pressure was taken as normal atmospheric pressure and was approximately equal to 10336mm water column. The density of water is 1 multiplied by 10 3 kg/m 3 The change in the density of water is small, and therefore, the change in the density of water with temperature is ignored. The gravity acceleration g takes a value of 9.8N/kg.
Calculating a yield reference:
substituting the related parameters into a formula, wherein the calculation result is shown in table 3, and the total standard burial depth of the original current of North China is 2-5 m. Spatially, the reference burial depth shows a tendency of gradually decreasing along the mountain forward rushing flood sector-middle plain-coastal plain.
TABLE 3 results of stream production reference burial depth calculation
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A calculation method of a runoff production reference underground water burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: collecting related parameters of rainfall-runoff relation through data investigation; the rainfall-runoff relationship related parameters include: average rainfall, water surface evaporation and surface runoff for many years;
step two: determining rainfall runoff relation of areas, and calculating infiltration quantity R under average condition of years g The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The rainfall runoff relationship of the determined area is as follows: determining the period of the fluid production according to the hydrological characteristics of the region; determining rainfall I, water surface evaporation E and surface runoff R in the runoff period according to the average data of the region for many years o And thus reverse osmosis rate R under average conditions over a plurality of years g The calculation formula is as follows:
R g ＝I-E-R o ；
step three: determining the soil type and parameters corresponding to different types of soil: determining the soil type of a region according to data investigation and field investigation, and determining the porosity, the field water holding capacity and the wilting coefficient by comparing different types of soilAnd residual moisture content, and thereby giving the porosity ζ and the initial moisture content ω of the respective soils in the investigation region 0 ；
Step four: calculating the reference burial depth h of the produced flow according to the following formula s ：
Wherein P is 0 The gravity acceleration is g, the rainfall in the period of producing flow is I, and the evaporation amount on the water surface in the period of producing flow is E.
2. The method for calculating a runoff base underground water burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the runoff base burial depth h s ：
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