CN113656745A - Method for calculating runoff production reference groundwater burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation - Google Patents
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- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 239000002680 soil gas Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating the burial depth of runoff producing reference underground water reflecting rainfall runoff relation, which comprises the following steps: collecting related parameters of rainfall-runoff relation through data research; determining rainfall runoff relation of a research area, and calculating infiltration amount R under the average condition of yearsg(ii) a Determining the soil type and parameters corresponding to different types of soil; calculating the laying current reference burial depth h by a formulas. The invention determines the quantitative relation between the aeration zone thickness and the rainfall runoff relation change by researching the physical mechanism of the runoff forming process from the angle of physics, particularly classical mechanics, defines the runoff generating reference burial depth for maintaining stable rainfall runoff relation in a natural normal state, deduces a quantitative calculation formula, has universality for solving the problem of regional rainfall-runoff relation change caused by underground water mining, and can provide effective theoretical basis and technical support for regional underground water treatment and recovery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrological and water conservancy calculation methods, in particular to a calculation method for runoff yield reference underground water burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation.
Background
The rainfall-runoff relationship is the core characteristic of hydrologic cycle, reflects the capability of rainfall to generate runoff under the action of evaporation, infiltration and the like, and generally keeps a stable state. Under the interference of human activities, the rainfall-runoff relationship of many areas changes, especially in the North China plain, and under the condition that the rainfall change is not significant, the surface water yield is greatly reduced or even the runoff is not produced basically, thereby bringing great threat to the economic and social development and ecological safety of the areas. The reason for the change of the rainfall-runoff relation is that the natural normal condition of the support runoff producing mechanism changes, and the air-entrapping zone thickening caused by the continuous decrease of the underground water level is the main reason. The groundwater burial depth of the runoff producing datum reflecting the rainfall runoff relation under the natural normal condition is determined, a reference basis can be provided for groundwater super-mining treatment and recovery represented by North China plain, and the method is significant.
In the prior art, the underground water burial depth of a micro-hour of human interference is usually obtained according to an empirical formula or long-term observation and inversion of an actual underground water level and is used as the runoff production reference burial depth.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide a method for calculating the burial depth of the runoff generating reference groundwater reflecting the rainfall runoff relation under natural normal conditions, so as to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the conventional calculation method for the burial depth of the runoff producing reference underground water is lack of a theoretical mechanism, has strong dependence on monitoring data and is difficult to apply on a large scale, and provides a calculation method for the burial depth of the runoff producing reference underground water reflecting the rainfall runoff relation.
The method for calculating the runoff generating reference groundwater burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: collecting related parameters of rainfall-runoff relation through data research;
step two: determining rainfall runoff relation of the area, and calculating infiltration amount R under the average condition of yearsg；
Step three: determining the soil type and parameters corresponding to different types of soil: according to data research and field investigation, determining the soil type of the area, determining the porosity, the field water capacity, the wilting coefficient and the residual water content by contrasting different types of soil, and accordingly giving the porosity xi and the initial water content omega of various soils in the research area0；
Step four: calculating the current production reference burial depth h by the following formulas：
Wherein, P0The atmospheric pressure is, rho is the density of soil water, g is the gravity acceleration, I is the rainfall amount in the runoff producing period, and E is the water surface evaporation amount in the runoff producing period.
Wherein, the rainfall-runoff relation related parameters in the step one comprise: average rainfall, water surface evaporation and surface runoff for many years.
Wherein, the rainfall runoff relation of the area determined in the step two is as follows: determining the labor period according to the hydrological meteorological characteristics of the area; determining rainfall I, water surface evaporation E and surface runoff R in the runoff producing period according to regional multi-year average dataoAnd thus inversely deduct the amount of infiltration R under the average condition of many yearsgThe calculation formula is as follows:
Rg＝I-E-Ro。
wherein, the production flow reference burial depth in the fourth stephs：
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for calculating the runoff generating reference groundwater burial depth reflecting the rainfall runoff relation determines the quantitative relation between the aeration zone thickness and the rainfall runoff relation change by researching the physical mechanism of the runoff forming process from the perspective of physics, particularly classical mechanics, defines the runoff generating reference burial depth maintaining stable rainfall runoff relation under natural normal state, and deduces a quantitative calculation formula; the calculation method has clear physical process and action mechanism, has universality for solving the problem of regional rainfall-runoff relation change caused by underground water exploitation, and can provide effective theoretical basis and technical support for regional underground water treatment and recovery.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the force analysis of precipitation infiltration process;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of the method for calculating the runoff generating reference groundwater burial depth reflecting the rainfall runoff relationship.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for calculating the burial depth of runoff producing reference underground water reflecting rainfall runoff relation, which has the following principle:
the natural substance motion is governed by the earth gravity field, and the rainfall infiltration and runoff process is not exceptional. The rainfall falls to the ground under the action of gravity and further infiltrates into the aeration zone under the action of gravity. The air-entrapping belt pores are usually communicated with the atmosphere, and at the moment when the precipitation reaches the ground, the formed continuous water body covers the ground surface, so that the air-entrapping belt is isolated from the atmosphere, and the gas in the soil pores is in a closed state. And then, the water body infiltrates downwards under the action of gravity to occupy partial pore space, so that the soil gas is compressed, and the gas pressure is increased to form jacking force on the water body. Along with the continuous infiltration of water, the space is further compressed, and the jacking force lasts the reinforcing, and simultaneously because the surface of water evaporation makes water gravity weaken. The changing trend of each other is that the dynamic balance is obtained at a certain moment, namely the gravity is equal to the jacking force, and at the moment, the water body remained on the ground is the surface runoff. The generation of the air jacking force is closely related to the thickness of the aeration zone, and the thickness of the aeration zone is kept in micro-amplitude fluctuation within a stable range in a natural normal state, so that the rainfall runoff relation is also in a stable fluctuation state. Along with the underground water super-mining of the region, the underground water level continuously drops, the thickness of the aeration zone is continuously increased, the rainfall runoff relation begins to change, the research on the change process has irreplaceable effect on scientific management and underground water level recovery, the determination of the runoff production reference burial depth is the basis for establishing the cognition, and scientific basis and recovery target can be provided for underground water super-mining treatment.
And (4) carrying out stress analysis on the rainfall runoff forming process according to the above thought. For convenience of discussion, the ground level and the aeration zone are set as homogeneous soil, and infiltration is started after all rainfall I reaches the ground surface. Please refer to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the force analysis of the precipitation infiltration process.
When t is 0, the rainfall I reaches the ground, and the aeration zone is blocked from the atmosphere (see the attached figure 1a) to form a closed soil gas space h (xi-omega)0) (ii) a Where ξ is the porosity, ω0Is the initial moisture content of the soil.
At the moment, the water starts to seep under the action of gravity, the soil gas is not compressed, and the soil gas jacking force is not formed, wherein the gravity is G0：
G0＝ρgI；
Where ρ is the density of water; g is the acceleration of gravity.
Initial pressure P of soil gas0Approximately equal to atmospheric pressure.
At the next time t ═ Δ t, (see fig. 1b), I enters the soil down to a depth Δ h under the action of gravity; during this period the water surface evaporates to Δ E, so that the gravity decreases to G1：
G1＝ρg(I-ΔE)；
The soil gas space is compressed into (h-delta h) (xi-omega)0) Pressure change to P1The Boyle theorem includes:
the pressure difference forms a soil gas jacking force F vertically acting on the interface1：
Thus, at time m Δ t (see FIG. 1c), gravity is further reduced to Gm：
While the gas pressure of the soil is further increased to Pm：
The soil gas compression jacking force is Fm：
Suppose that relative equilibrium is reached at time m Δ t, i.e. gravity equals jacking force, with Gm＝Fm：
Order to
The total depth of infiltration is calculated as the total depth of infiltration,
is the total evaporation. Thus:
the above formula describes the aeration zone structure when gravity is balanced with the soil gas compression jacking force.
The precipitation I is now broken down into three fractions: the evaporation amount E; penetration rate Ro＝hg(ξ-ω0) (ii) a The rest is surface runoff Ro：
Ro＝I-E-Rg；
The above formula is the rainfall runoff relationship. According to the analysis, a reflected production flow reference burial depth calculation formula can be finally obtained:
namely, it is
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the method for calculating the runoff generating reference groundwater burial depth reflecting the rainfall runoff relationship of the present invention.
The method for calculating the runoff generating reference groundwater burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: collecting related parameters of rainfall-runoff relation through data research, comprising the following steps: average rainfall, water surface evaporation and surface runoff for many years.
Step two: determining rainfall runoff relation of the area, and calculating infiltration amount R under the average condition of yearsg: determining the labor period according to the hydrological meteorological characteristics of the area; determining rainfall I, water surface evaporation E and surface runoff R in the runoff producing period according to regional multi-year average dataoAnd thus inversely deduct the amount of infiltration R under the average condition of many yearsgThe calculation formula is as follows:
Rg＝I-E-Ro。
step three: determining the soil type and parameters corresponding to different types of soil: according to data research and field investigation, determining the soil type of the area, determining the porosity, the field water capacity, the wilting coefficient and the residual water content by contrasting different types of soil, and accordingly giving the porosity xi and the initial water content omega of various soils in the research area0。
Step four: calculating the current production reference burial depth h by the following formulas：
Namely, it is
Wherein, P0Is atmospheric pressure, ρ is the density of water; g is the gravity acceleration, I is the rainfall in the runoff producing period, and E is the water surface evaporation in the runoff producing period.
Example 1
And selecting a typical semi-wetting area North China plain with serious underground water super-mining for research. And calculating the reference burial depth of the plain produced current in North China by adopting a constructed theoretical formula.
The rainfall and the runoff are referred to and the national first-time water resource evaluation (1956-1979 series) data is adopted, the data time series is early, the influence of human activities is relatively small, and the runoff is restored and calculated, so that the natural normal condition can be basically reflected. The rainfall in North China plain is mainly concentrated in the flood season, the proportion reaches more than 70%, the runoff yield is usually from a plurality of heavy rains (the runoff yield is usually 6-8 months), and therefore the rainfall capacity and the water surface evaporation capacity are both based on the average data of the runoff yield in many years (6-8 months). Meanwhile, considering that the runoff yield is lagged behind rainfall, if the monthly runoff data of the runoff yield period is adopted, a large error can be brought, and therefore the medium runoff is calculated by deducting the base runoff from the natural runoff yield averaged for many years. The average rainfall, water surface evaporation and runoff of each subarea in the runoff producing period of North China plain are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 average rainfall, water surface evaporation and runoff in runoff yield over years
According to a 1:100 ten thousand Chinese soil data set formed by the second soil survey in China, the soil in North China plain only contains sandy soil and loam, and the specific area of the soil distribution in North China plain exceeds 10%. The calculation mainly considers the two types of soil. The different soil physical parameters are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 different soil physical parameters
The soil parameters mainly include soil porosity and initial water content. The porosity of the soil can be determined directly from table 2, and the initial water content of the soil is mainly considered as the water content of the soil before the runoff period. According to the data of the national agricultural meteorological station, the water content of the soil before the runoff yield stage (from the late 5 th to the early 6 th) is generally at the lowest value of the whole year, and the relative humidity of the soil at each station in the plain area is about 52% under the average condition of years. The initial moisture content of the soil was selected herein as 52% of the residual moisture content, wilting coefficient and relative humidity of the soil.
The atmospheric pressure is forced to standard atmospheric pressure, approximately equal to 10336mm water column. The density of water is 1 x 103kg/m3The change in density of water is small, and therefore, the change in density of water with temperature is ignored. The gravity acceleration g takes 9.8N/kg.
Calculating a runoff yield benchmark:
substituting the related parameters into a formula, wherein the calculation result is shown in table 3, and the total burial depth of the North China plain current production datum is 2-5 m. In space, the reference burial depth shows the trend that the flood fan-middle plain-coastal plain gradually decreases along the mountain.
TABLE 3 runoff yield reference burial depth calculation results
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A method for calculating the burial depth of runoff producing reference underground water reflecting rainfall runoff relation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: collecting related parameters of rainfall-runoff relation through data research;
step two: determining rainfall runoff relation of the area, and calculating infiltration amount R under the average condition of yearsg；
Step three: determining the soil type and parameters corresponding to different types of soil: determining the type of regional soil according to data research and field investigation, determining the porosity, the field water capacity, the wilting coefficient and the residual water content by contrasting different types of soil, and accordingly supplyingPorosity xi and initial water content omega of various soils in the study area0；
Step four: calculating the current production reference burial depth h by the following formulas：
Wherein, P0The atmospheric pressure is, rho is the density of soil water, g is the gravity acceleration, I is the rainfall amount in the runoff producing period, and E is the water surface evaporation amount in the runoff producing period.
2. The method for calculating the runoff generating reference groundwater burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rainfall-runoff relation related parameters in the first step comprise: average rainfall, water surface evaporation and surface runoff for many years.
3. The method for calculating the runoff generating benchmark groundwater burial depth reflecting the rainfall runoff relationship according to claim 2, wherein the rainfall runoff relationship of the area determined in the step two is as follows: determining the labor period according to the hydrological meteorological characteristics of the area; determining rainfall I, water surface evaporation E and surface runoff R in the runoff producing period according to regional multi-year average dataoAnd thus inversely deduct the amount of infiltration R under the average condition of many yearsgThe calculation formula is as follows:
Rg＝I-E-Ro。
4. the method for calculating the runoff yield benchmark groundwater burial depth reflecting rainfall runoff relation according to claim 3, wherein in the fourth step, the runoff yield benchmark burial depth hs：
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