CN113654663A - Online continuous temperature measurement system of AOD furnace and working method thereof - Google Patents
Online continuous temperature measurement system of AOD furnace and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113654663A CN113654663A CN202110812081.5A CN202110812081A CN113654663A CN 113654663 A CN113654663 A CN 113654663A CN 202110812081 A CN202110812081 A CN 202110812081A CN 113654663 A CN113654663 A CN 113654663A
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- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Ar] Chemical compound [O].[Ar] VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0044—Furnaces, ovens, kilns
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an AOD furnace online continuous temperature measurement system and a working method thereof, belonging to the application field of industrial smelting equipment, in particular to an AOD furnace auxiliary device and a working method thereof, wherein the AOD furnace online continuous temperature measurement system comprises a first step of acquiring data, a second step of judging the data, a third step of calculating the temperature; the method gets rid of the original manual temperature measurement method, improves the existing bottom lance, and is provided with the bottom lance and the furnace mouth temperature measurement device, thereby realizing the online continuous temperature measurement in the smelting process. The system collects temperature information, also collects the flow and the furnace body angle of gas, is wirelessly transmitted to the upper computer, is organically integrated into a whole to realize multi-point continuous temperature measurement, and obtains the temperature in the furnace through an algorithm, so that the surface temperature obtained by point measurement of the conventional thermocouple is distinguished, the temperature change in the furnace can be better reflected, the temperature is more accurate, the automation degree is high, the continuous temperature measurement is realized, the manual labor intensity is reduced, and the system has good application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of application of industrial smelting equipment, and particularly relates to auxiliary equipment of an AOD furnace and a working method thereof.
Background
The AOD (oxygen-argon-decarburization) method is a special method for smelting high-chromium stainless steel, and is a refining method for producing stainless steel by removing carbon, gas and impurities in steel by using argon and oxygen mixed gas. The most outstanding advantage is that the blowing under non-vacuum condition has the effect of vacuum refining, so that proper temperature is the first condition in AOD steel-making reaction. If the temperature can be strictly controlled in the smelting process of the AOD furnace, smelting is carried out according to an optimal curve, and the production efficiency and the production profit of enterprises can be well improved.
The current AOD furnace adopts a platinum rhodium thermocouple for point measurement, and the method has the following problems:
1. continuous temperature change cannot be obtained, and a smelting process curve cannot be optimized. The current method for smelting steel in one furnace can only obtain a few points of temperature, cannot obtain continuous temperature change conditions, optimizes a process curve, saves energy, reduces emission, improves the end point hit rate and the product quality, and depends on the experience of workers to a great extent.
2. The temperature measurement accuracy is poor. When the temperature measurement process is finished by the conventional temperature measurement method, a furnace is required to be arranged at first, then a worker inserts a platinum-rhodium thermocouple into molten steel by a special device to measure the temperature, but the temperature of the molten steel is generally 1450-1800 ℃, and the platinum-rhodium thermocouple can be quickly burnt, so that the thermocouple is required to be continuously replaced by the temperature measurement method, the measured temperature is related to the depth of the inserted molten steel, the measured temperature is only the surface temperature of the molten steel, and the temperature change in the furnace cannot be truly reflected. When the temperature is high, the thermocouple may be fused in advance, and the temperature signal is not stable at this time, which may result in failure of temperature measurement.
3. The measurement mode needs workers to tilt the furnace and operate in front of the high-temperature furnace, so that the method has the disadvantages of high labor intensity, high operation temperature, large dust, severe operation environment, high danger degree and the like.
Therefore, under the condition of realizing continuous temperature measurement, the traditional smelting process needs to be optimized and improved, the production efficiency is improved, the consumption of raw materials is reduced, and the production cost is saved.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new solution to solve this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem that this application will solve is: the method aims to replace the existing AOD furnace, realizes online continuous temperature measurement through the AOD furnace bottom gun infrared temperature measurement system, and solves the problems that the temperature measurement is inaccurate and untimely and the process is influenced in the prior art.
The utility model provides an AOD stove is online continuous temperature measurement system which characterized by: comprises an upper computer, a bottom gun, a temperature detection device and a gas flow monitoring device;
the upper computer is arranged in the smelting control chamber;
the bottom gun, the temperature detection device and the gas flow monitoring device are all provided with communication devices, the communication devices are wirelessly connected with an upper computer, and the upper computer is also in data connection with an angle sensor of the AOD furnace;
the bottom gun is arranged at the bottom of the AOD furnace and comprises a bottom blowing pipeline and a cooling gas pipeline, the shape of the cooling gas pipeline is consistent with that of the bottom blowing pipeline, the cooling gas pipeline is sleeved on the bottom blowing pipeline, and the central axis of the cooling gas pipeline is overlapped with that of the bottom blowing pipeline;
the gas blowing pipeline comprises a bottom blowing gas pipe and a main pipe, the bottom blowing gas pipe and the main pipe are integrally formed, one end of the main pipe is provided with an observation light window, the other end of the main pipe is connected with the AOD furnace, one end of the bottom blowing gas pipe is connected with the main pipe, and the other end of the bottom blowing gas pipe is provided with a bottom blowing gas inlet;
a cooling gas inlet is arranged on the cooling gas pipeline;
a temperature detection device is arranged outside the observation light window;
the temperature detection device comprises an infrared temperature sensor;
the number of the gas flow monitoring devices is three, and the three gas flow monitoring devices are respectively arranged in gas transmission pipelines of oxygen, argon and nitrogen;
the gas flow monitoring device comprises a gas pressure sensor and a flow sensor.
The online continuous temperature measurement method of the AOD furnace adopts the online continuous temperature measurement system of the AOD furnace, and is characterized in that: comprises the following steps which are sequentially carried out
Step one, acquiring data
An upper computer of the AOD furnace online continuous temperature measurement system reads data of an angle sensor of the AOD furnace to obtain furnace body inclination angle information of the AOD furnace; the upper computer reads the data of the gas flow monitoring device to obtain the flow information of the three gases of oxygen, nitrogen and argon at the moment;
step two, data judgment
Obtaining the inclination state information of the AOD furnace according to the furnace body inclination angle information of the AOD furnace obtained in the first step, selecting whether temperature measurement is carried out or not according to the inclination state information of the AOD furnace, determining that temperature measurement is needed, then selecting a temperature detection device on a furnace mouth or a bottom gun to measure the temperature and read temperature data, and obtaining the state information of the smelting step in the AOD furnace according to the flow information of the three gases of oxygen, nitrogen and argon obtained in the first step;
the method for selecting the temperature detection device according to the inclination state information of the AOD furnace comprises the following steps:
when the angle data of the angle sensor is between 0 and 30 degrees, the AOD furnace body is in a vertical furnace state, and the upper computer reads the temperature information of a temperature detection device arranged on the bottom gun; when the angle is 30-65 degrees, the AOD furnace is in a charging state, and temperature measurement is not carried out at the time; when the angle is 70-95 degrees, the AOD furnace body is in a furnace tilting state, and the temperature information of a temperature detection device arranged at the AOD furnace mouth is adopted; when the angle is more than 100 degrees, tapping is finished after smelting, and temperature measurement is not carried out at the moment;
step three, calculating the temperature
And (4) selecting different temperature operation formulas according to the inclination state information of the AOD furnace obtained in the step (II) and the state information of the smelting step, substituting the temperature data obtained in the step (II) into the selected temperature operation formulas to obtain the real temperature in the AOD furnace at the moment, and displaying the obtained real temperature through a display connected with an upper computer.
The state information judgment method of the smelting step in the second step comprises the following steps:
when the AOD furnace body is in a vertical furnace state, the gas flow monitoring device detects that the oxygen flow is more than 20m3At the time of/min, the AOD furnace is in a large-proportion blowing state at the time; when the oxygen flow is less than 20m3Min, and the flow rate of nitrogen or argon is more than 5m3At the time of/min, the AOD furnace is in a small-proportion blowing state, and when the oxygen flow is not available and the nitrogen or argon flow is more than 10m3At/min, the AOD furnace is in a reduction state at this time.
The selection mode of the temperature operation formula in the third step is as follows:
the AOD furnace body is in a furnace tilting state, the temperature data of the furnace mouth temperature measuring device is read, the temperature measuring mode adopts a non-contact infrared double-light colorimetric method, and the temperature calculating method in the AOD furnace at the moment comprises the following steps:
in the formula: t isSThe color temperature is the data read by the temperature detection device; t is the true temperature; c2Is a second radiation constant; ε is the emissivity;
λ1＝800nm；λ2＝1000nm；V1and V2Data returned by the furnace mouth temperature measuring device;
a is a compensation coefficient made according to field data;
the AOD furnace body is in a vertical furnace state, and the temperature information of the temperature detection device arranged on the bottom gun is read
The calculation method of the reduction state comprises the following steps:
in the formula: t isSIs of colorTemperature, which is data read by the temperature detection device; t is the true temperature; c2Is a second radiation constant; ε is the emissivity;
λ1＝800nm；λ2＝1000nm；V1and V2Data returned by the bottom gun temperature measuring device;
a is a compensation coefficient made according to field data;
r and H are respectively a gas constant and a molten pool depth;
TA，Tbthe gas temperature at the nozzle and the temperature in the molten iron cavity are respectively;
n is the amount of material blown into the furnace gas per unit time;
Qaat a pressure PaBottom blowing gas flow rate; the AOD furnace is at 1 standard atmospheric pressure;
ρlis the density of the molten steel;
ρg，0is the density of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
u0is the velocity of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
Qg，0is the volume flow of gas at the outlet of the nozzle;
the calculation method of the large-proportion oxygen blowing state and the small-proportion oxygen blowing state comprises the following steps:
in the formula: t isSThe color temperature is the data read by the temperature detection device; t is the true temperature; c2Is a second radiation constant; ε is the emissivity;
λ1＝800nm；λ2＝1000nm；V1and V2Data returned by the bottom gun temperature measuring device;
a is a compensation coefficient made according to field data;
r and H are respectively a gas constant and a molten pool depth;
Ta，Tbrespectively being gas temperature at the nozzle and molten iron cavityThe temperature inside;
n is the amount of material blown into the furnace gas per unit time;
Qaat a pressure PaBottom blowing gas flow rate; the AOD furnace is at 1 standard atmospheric pressure;
ρlis the density of the molten steel;
ρg，0is the density of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
u0is the velocity of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
Qg，0is the volumetric flow rate of the gas at the nozzle outlet.
Delta t is the oxygen blowing time;
QAr，QCOflow rates (m) of Ar and CO, respectively3S), p is total pressure;
Vm，ρmrespectively the volume and density of the molten steel;
ω[C]％，ω[Cr]％are respectively [ C]And [ Cr ]]Content (c);
The damper is a hollow shaft-like structure.
Through above-mentioned design, following beneficial effect can be brought to this application: the method gets rid of the original manual temperature measurement method, and adopts a wireless communication mode to optimize and realize real-time online continuous temperature measurement in the smelting process by modifying the existing bottom gun and installing corresponding infrared non-contact temperature measurement devices on all the bottom guns and the furnace mouths. The system collects the flow pressure of gas and the angle of the furnace body, calculates through a wireless transmission upper computer system, simultaneously realizes multi-point continuous temperature measurement by skillful matching with a temperature measuring lower computer, and obtains the temperature in the furnace through an algorithm, so that the system distinguishes the surface temperature measured by point measurement of a thermocouple in the past, can better reflect the temperature change in the furnace, has more accurate temperature and high automation degree, realizes continuous temperature measurement, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and has good application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an AOD furnace on-line continuous temperature measurement method.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of step two and step three of the AOD furnace on-line continuous temperature measurement method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an AOD furnace on-line continuous temperature measurement system according to the present invention.
The device comprises a 1-AOD furnace, a 100-upper computer, a 200-bottom gun, a 210-bottom blowing gas pipeline, a 211-bottom blowing gas pipeline, a 212-main pipe, a 220-cooling gas pipeline, a 300-temperature detection device, a 400-gas flow monitoring device, a 500-observation optical window, a 600-bottom blowing gas inlet and a 700-cooling gas inlet.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides an AOD stove is online continuous temperature measurement system which characterized by: comprises an upper computer 100, a bottom gun 200, a temperature detection device 300 and a gas flow monitoring device 400;
the upper computer 100 is arranged in the smelting control room;
the bottom gun 200, the temperature detection device 300 and the gas flow monitoring device 400 are all provided with communication devices, the communication devices are wirelessly connected with the upper computer 100, and the upper computer 100 is also in data connection with an angle sensor of the AOD furnace;
the bottom gun 200 is arranged at the bottom of the AOD furnace, the bottom gun 200 comprises a bottom blowing pipeline 210 and a cooling gas pipeline 220, the shape of the cooling gas pipeline 220 is consistent with that of the bottom blowing pipeline 210, the cooling gas pipeline 220 is sleeved on the bottom blowing pipeline 210, and the central axis of the cooling gas pipeline 220 is overlapped with that of the bottom blowing pipeline 210;
the blowing pipeline 210 comprises a bottom blowing gas pipe 211 and a main pipe 212, wherein the bottom blowing gas pipe 211 and the main pipe 212 are integrally formed, one end of the main pipe 212 is provided with an observation light window 500, the other end of the main pipe 212 is connected with the AOD furnace, one end of the bottom blowing gas pipe 211 is connected with the main pipe 212, and the other end of the bottom blowing gas pipe 211 is provided with a bottom blowing gas inlet 600;
a cooling gas inlet 700 is arranged on the cooling gas pipeline 220;
a temperature detection device 300 is arranged outside the observation light window 500;
the temperature detection means 300 includes an infrared temperature sensor;
the number of the gas flow monitoring devices 400 is three, and the three gas flow monitoring devices are respectively arranged in gas transmission pipelines of oxygen, argon and nitrogen;
the gas flow monitoring device 400 includes a gas pressure sensor and a flow sensor.
The online continuous temperature measurement method of the AOD furnace adopts the online continuous temperature measurement system of the AOD furnace, and is characterized in that: comprises the following steps which are sequentially carried out
Step one, acquiring data
An upper computer 100 of the AOD furnace online continuous temperature measurement system reads data of an angle sensor of the AOD furnace to obtain furnace body inclination angle information of the AOD furnace; the upper computer 100 reads the data of the gas flow monitoring device 400 to obtain the flow information of the three gases, namely oxygen, nitrogen and argon at the moment;
step two, data judgment
Obtaining the inclination state information of the AOD furnace according to the furnace body inclination angle information of the AOD furnace obtained in the first step, selecting whether temperature measurement is carried out or not according to the inclination state information of the AOD furnace, determining that temperature measurement is needed and then reading temperature data by a temperature detection device 300 on a furnace mouth or a bottom gun 200, and obtaining the state information of the smelting step in the AOD furnace at the moment according to the flow information of the three gases of oxygen, nitrogen and argon obtained in the first step;
the method for selecting the temperature detection device 300 according to the tilt state information of the AOD furnace comprises the following steps:
when the angle data of the angle sensor is in the range of 0-30 degrees, the AOD furnace body is in a vertical furnace state, and the upper computer 100 reads the temperature information of the temperature detection device 300 installed on the bottom gun 200; when the angle is 30-65 degrees, the AOD furnace is in a charging state, and temperature measurement is not carried out at the time; when the angle is 70-95 degrees, the AOD furnace body is in a furnace tilting state, and the temperature information of a temperature detection device 300 arranged at the AOD furnace mouth is adopted; when the angle is more than 100 degrees, tapping is finished after smelting, and temperature measurement is not carried out at the moment;
step three, calculating the temperature
Selecting different temperature operation formulas according to the inclination state information of the AOD furnace obtained in the step two and the state information of the smelting step, substituting the temperature data obtained in the step two into the selected temperature operation formulas to obtain the real temperature in the AOD furnace at the moment, and displaying the obtained real temperature through a display connected with the upper computer 100.
The state information judgment method of the smelting step in the second step comprises the following steps:
when the AOD furnace body is in a vertical furnace state, the gas flow monitoring device 400 detects that the oxygen flow is more than 20m3At the time of/min, the AOD furnace is in a large-proportion blowing state at the time; when the oxygen flow is less than 20m3Min, and the flow rate of nitrogen or argon is more than 5m3At the time of/min, the AOD furnace is in a small-proportion blowing state, and when the oxygen flow is not available and the nitrogen or argon flow is more than 10m3At/min, the AOD furnace is in a reduction state at this time.
The selection mode of the temperature operation formula in the third step is as follows:
the AOD furnace body is in a furnace tilting state, the temperature data of the furnace mouth temperature measuring device 300 is read, the temperature measuring mode adopts a non-contact infrared double-light colorimetric method, and the temperature calculating method in the AOD furnace at the moment comprises the following steps:
in the formula: t isSThe color temperature is data read by the temperature detection device 300; t is the true temperature; c2Is a second radiation constant; ε is the emissivity;
λ1＝800nm；λ2＝1000nm；V1and V2Data returned by the furnace mouth temperature measuring device;
a is a compensation coefficient made according to field data;
the AOD furnace body is in the vertical furnace state, reads the temperature information of the temperature detection device 300 installed on the bottom gun 200:
the calculation method of the reduction state comprises the following steps:
in the formula: t isSThe color temperature is data read by the temperature detection device 300; t is the true temperature; c2Is a second radiation constant; ε is the emissivity;
λ1＝800nm；λ2＝1000nm；V1and V2Data returned by the bottom gun temperature measuring device;
a is a compensation coefficient made according to field data;
r and H are respectively a gas constant and a molten pool depth;
TA，Tbthe gas temperature at the nozzle and the temperature in the molten iron cavity are respectively;
n is the amount of material blown into the furnace gas per unit time;
Qaat a pressure PaBottom blowing gas flow rate; the AOD furnace is at 1 standard atmospheric pressure;
ρlis the density of the molten steel;
ρg，0is the density of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
u0is the velocity of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
Qg，0is the volume flow of gas at the outlet of the nozzle;
the calculation method of the large-proportion oxygen blowing state and the small-proportion oxygen blowing state comprises the following steps:
in the formula: t isSThe color temperature is data read by the temperature detection device 300; t is the true temperature; c2Is a second radiation constant; ε is the emissivity;
λ1＝800nm；λ2＝1000nm；V1and V2Data returned by the bottom gun temperature measuring device;
a is a compensation coefficient made according to field data;
r and H are respectively a gas constant and a molten pool depth;
Ta，Tbthe gas temperature at the nozzle and the temperature in the molten iron cavity are respectively;
n is the amount of material blown into the furnace gas per unit time;
Qaat a pressure PaBottom blowing gas flow rate; the AOD furnace is at 1 standard atmospheric pressure;
ρlis the density of the molten steel;
ρg，0is the density of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
u0is the velocity of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
Qg，0is the volumetric flow rate of the gas at the nozzle outlet.
Delta t is the oxygen blowing time;
QAr，QCOflow rates (m) of Ar and CO, respectively3S), p is total pressure;
Vm，ρmrespectively the volume and density of the molten steel;
ω[C]％，ω[Cr]％are respectively [ C]And [ Cr ]]Content (c);
By the device and the method, an operator can accurately master the condition in the AOD furnace, and the corresponding relation between each stage in smelting and the method is as follows:
after steel mixing and pretreatment: at this time, the furnace is in a tilting state, the temperature of the molten steel is at 1480-1550 ℃, the temperature measuring device 300 on the bottom lance 200 is exposed out of the surface of the molten steel to cause measuring errors, the system is automatically switched to the furnace mouth temperature measuring device 300 according to signals (without gas flow and at an angle of 70-95 ℃) returned by the gas flow monitoring device 400 and the AOD furnace in advance, the steel entering temperature of the molten steel is further measured at this time, and preparation is made for the next temperature rise.
Blowing in a large proportion: the main purpose of the stage in the smelting process is to heat the molten steel to ensure that the temperature reaches the optimum decarburization temperature of 1590-3Min, the angle is between 0 and 10 degrees), judge to enter the large proportion converting stage when blowing the total oxygen, the operation of the furnace mouth temperature measuring device 300 of automatic stop this moment, adopt the temperature measuring device 300 on the bottom gun 200, through the temperature information of feedback, can real-time supervision stove temperature variation, because of the oxidation selective reaction, along with the rising of temperature, the temperature rise rate under the pure oxygen state can reduce gradually, operating personnel need not frequently to incline the temperature measurement sampling this moment, can know the content of the interior heating element of stove through the change of temperature rise rate, and the temperature stops the large proportion converting and enters the small proportion converting decarbonization when reaching the best decarbonization temperature.
Blowing in a small proportion: when the temperature in the furnace reaches the optimal decarburization temperature, the conversion is carried out into blowing in a small proportion, and the temperature of the molten steel is slowly increased to about 1780 ℃ at the highest point. Under the condition of small proportion of different oxygen-argon ratios in hammering, the oxidation decarburization reaction is more sufficient by stirring the molten steel by inert gas. At this time, the gas flow returned by the gas flow monitoring device 400 and the angle sensor of the AOD furnace acquire angle signals (the oxygen flow is less than 20 m)3Min, nitrogen and argon flow is greater than 5m3Min, angle between 0 and 10 degrees), the program judges that the small-proportion converting stage is entered, the temperature value returned by the bottom lance temperature measuring device 300 is fitted with the decarburization rate to derive the temperature value, and the operator can quickly change the temperatureThe oxygen-argon ratio is slowly changed, so that the stirring and oxidation reaction are more sufficient, when the temperature is basically unchanged, the decarburization reaction is fully completed, a small proportion of blowing steps can be skipped, and the smelting time is shortened.
And (3) decarburization finishing and pre-reducing: at the moment, the bottom lance temperature measuring device 300 is in a tilting state, the bottom lance temperature measuring device 300 can be exposed out of the surface of molten steel to cause measuring errors, the system automatically switches to whether the temperature measured by the furnace mouth temperature measuring device 300 is more than 1760 degrees (no gas flow exists, the angle is between 70 and 95 degrees) according to signals sent back by the gas flow and the angle in advance, when the temperature reaches the reduction stage condition, reducing materials are initially added, the accurate temperature can enable the reduction to be more smooth, and the smelting time is reduced.
And (3) reduction stage: when the carbon content in the molten steel reaches the target, the decarburization period is indicated to be finished, the reduction period is started, the temperature in the furnace is the highest at the moment, and is between 1770 and 1810, the temperature is gradually reduced along with the reduction, and the oxygen element in the molten steel is reduced. In the reduction stage, only argon or nitrogen is blown to stir the molten steel, and at the moment, the gas flow returned by the gas flow monitoring device 400 and the angle signal obtained by the angle sensor of the AOD furnace are obtained (the flow of oxygen, nitrogen or argon is not more than 10 m)3Min, the angle is between 0 and 10 degrees), the system enters a temperature measuring module in the reduction stage. At the moment, the system is automatically converted into a bottom gun temperature measuring device, but due to the addition of reducing materials in the reducing process, the light intensity of the bottom gun can be influenced if the initially-added reducing materials are not melted in time, so that the measured temperature can drop suddenly, but the adding time (the angle is between 30 and 65 ℃) of the reducing materials is judged in advance according to the angle signal of the AOD furnace, the variable k value is deduced through an algorithm in a program, and the temperature trend measured by the bottom gun temperature measuring device avoids the situation that the temperature drops suddenly, the descending trend is slowed down, so that the interference of external factors is reduced, and the temperature change in the reaction furnace is more real.
After reduction and before tapping: and (3) ending furnace tilting in the reduction stage, wherein the bottom lance temperature measuring device 300 is exposed out of the molten steel in the furnace tilting state to cause a measuring error (no gas flow, and the angle is between 70 and 95 ℃), the system is switched to the furnace mouth temperature measuring device 300 as a main temperature measuring state at the moment, online monitoring is continued, and whether the temperature is between 1600 and 1650 ℃ is judged through the feedback temperature, so that the tapping requirement is met.
In conclusion, improvements are proposed in view of the above and the deficiencies of the prior art. In the steel mixing and pretreatment stages, the furnace is required to be tilted for temperature measurement in the traditional process, the steel entering temperature is known, the process is improved, the furnace is not required to be tilted after the steel is mixed by the temperature measurement system, and the next step of converting is directly carried out according to the temperature measured by the bottom gun temperature measurement device 300; blowing in a large proportion, wherein the main purpose of the blowing in the large proportion is to heat the molten steel to reach the decarburization temperature, in the traditional process, only time can be grasped according to the experience of an operator, so that frequent tilting for temperature measurement can be caused to see whether the temperature meets the requirement, a large amount of time and oxygen can be wasted, the process is improved, and the operator can judge the time of reaching the optimal decarburization temperature only by observing the temperature fed back by a temperature measurement system so as to enter the next smelting stage; the blowing of small proportion, this stage is mainly the decarbonization, and stirring through inert gas makes the carbon element fully reaction in oxygen and the molten steel, still relies on operating personnel's experience to hold the time among the traditional art, will frequently incline the stove temperature measurement sampling, and not only waste time still causes the workman to frequently operate fatigue, improves technology, and operating personnel only need observe the temperature variation of temperature measurement system feedback and can judge the condition that the decarbonization goes on, holds the temperature variation in real time, avoids the blowing temperature too high to cause the incident. In the traditional process, a large amount of inert gas is blown in the stage, an operator still judges the temperature change by experience and grasps the moment of adding the reducing material which is not optimal, so that not only is the time wasted, but also the gas is wasted by frequently raising and reducing the temperature, the process is improved, the operator can accurately find out the optimal moment of adding the reducing material through the temperature fed back by a temperature measuring system, the smelting time is shortened, and the production cost is saved; before tapping, the temperature at this stage is the temperature before tapping, in the traditional process, if the tapping temperature is too low, the steel can be returned to raise the temperature again, if the tapping temperature is too high, splashing is easily caused when a ladle is poured, and the temperature is required to be lowered in the later pouring process, and in the new process, an operator can hold the tapping temperature well through the temperature fed back by the temperature measuring system.
The novel process is applied to production, the manual operation difficulty is greatly reduced, an operator can better master the temperature change in the furnace, the loss caused by manual judgment errors is avoided, the point measurement mode of the existing thermocouple is eliminated, the measurement is more accurate, the smelting cost is saved, and the production benefit is improved.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an AOD stove is online continuous temperature measurement system which characterized by: comprises an upper computer (100), a bottom gun (200), a temperature detection device (300) and a gas flow monitoring device (400);
the upper computer (100) is arranged in the smelting control chamber;
the bottom gun (200), the temperature detection device (300) and the gas flow monitoring device (400) are all provided with communication devices, the communication devices are in wireless connection with an upper computer (100), and the upper computer (100) is also in data connection with an angle sensor of the AOD furnace;
the bottom gun (200) is arranged at the bottom of the AOD furnace, the bottom gun (200) comprises a bottom blowing pipeline (210) and a cooling gas pipeline (220), the shape of the cooling gas pipeline (220) is consistent with that of the bottom blowing pipeline (210), the cooling gas pipeline (220) is sleeved on the bottom blowing pipeline (210), and the central axis of the cooling gas pipeline (220) is overlapped with that of the bottom blowing pipeline (210);
the air blowing pipeline (210) comprises a bottom blowing gas pipe (211) and a main pipe (212), the bottom blowing gas pipe (211) and the main pipe (212) are integrally formed, one end of the main pipe (212) is provided with an observation light window (500), the other end of the main pipe is connected with the AOD furnace, one end of the bottom blowing gas pipe (211) is connected with the main pipe (212), and the other end of the bottom blowing gas pipe is provided with a bottom blowing gas inlet (600);
a cooling gas inlet (700) is arranged on the cooling gas pipeline (220);
a temperature detection device (300) is arranged outside the observation light window (500);
the temperature detection device (300) comprises an infrared temperature sensor;
the number of the gas flow monitoring devices (400) is three, and the three gas flow monitoring devices are respectively arranged in gas transmission pipelines of oxygen, argon and nitrogen;
the gas flow monitoring device (400) comprises a gas pressure sensor and a flow sensor.
2. An AOD furnace on-line continuous temperature measurement method, which adopts the AOD furnace on-line continuous temperature measurement system of claim 1, and is characterized in that: comprises the following steps which are sequentially carried out
Step one, acquiring data
An upper computer (100) of the AOD furnace online continuous temperature measurement system reads data of an angle sensor of the AOD furnace to obtain furnace body inclination angle information of the AOD furnace; the upper computer (100) reads the data of the gas flow monitoring device (400) to obtain the flow information of the three gases of oxygen, nitrogen and argon at the moment;
step two, data judgment
Obtaining the inclination state information of the AOD furnace according to the furnace body inclination angle information of the AOD furnace obtained in the first step, selecting whether temperature measurement is carried out or not according to the inclination state information of the AOD furnace, determining that temperature measurement is needed, then selecting a temperature detection device (300) on a furnace mouth or a bottom gun (200) to measure the temperature and read temperature data, and obtaining the state information of the smelting step in the AOD furnace at the moment according to the flow information of the three gases of oxygen, nitrogen and argon obtained in the first step;
the method for selecting the temperature detection device (300) according to the tilt state information of the AOD furnace comprises the following steps:
when the angle data of the angle sensor is between 0 and 30 degrees, the AOD furnace body is in a vertical furnace state, and the upper computer (100) reads the temperature information of a temperature detection device (300) arranged on the bottom gun (200); when the angle is 30-65 degrees, the AOD furnace is in a charging state, and temperature measurement is not carried out at the time; when the angle is 70-95 degrees, the AOD furnace body is in a furnace tilting state, and the temperature information of a temperature detection device (300) arranged at the AOD furnace mouth is adopted; when the angle is more than 100 degrees, tapping is finished after smelting, and temperature measurement is not carried out at the moment;
step three, calculating the temperature
And (4) selecting different temperature operation formulas according to the inclination state information of the AOD furnace obtained in the step (II) and the state information of the smelting step, substituting the temperature data obtained in the step (II) into the selected temperature operation formulas to obtain the real temperature in the AOD furnace at the moment, and displaying the obtained real temperature through a display connected with an upper computer (100).
3. The AOD furnace on-line continuous temperature measurement method according to claim 2, wherein the AOD furnace on-line continuous temperature measurement method comprises the following steps: the state information judgment method of the smelting step in the second step comprises the following steps:
when the AOD furnace body is in a vertical furnace state, the gas flow monitoring device (400) detects that the oxygen flow is more than 20m3At the time of/min, the AOD furnace is in a large-proportion blowing state at the time; when the oxygen flow is less than 20m3Min, and the flow rate of nitrogen or argon is more than 5m3At the time of/min, the AOD furnace is in a small-proportion blowing state, and when the oxygen flow is not available and the nitrogen or argon flow is more than 10m3At/min, the AOD furnace is in a reduction state at this time.
4. The AOD furnace on-line continuous temperature measurement method according to claim 2, wherein the AOD furnace on-line continuous temperature measurement method comprises the following steps: the selection mode of the temperature operation formula in the third step is as follows:
the AOD furnace body is in a furnace tilting state, the temperature data of the furnace mouth temperature measuring device (300) is read, the temperature measuring mode adopts a non-contact infrared double-light colorimetric method, and the temperature calculating method in the AOD furnace at the moment comprises the following steps:
in the formula: t isSThe color temperature is the data read by the temperature detection device (300); t is the true temperature; c2Is a second radiation constant; ε is the emissivity;
λ1＝800nm；λ2＝1000nm；V1and V2Data returned by the furnace mouth temperature measuring device (300);
a is a compensation coefficient made according to field data;
the AOD furnace body is in a vertical furnace state, and the temperature information of a temperature detection device (300) arranged on a bottom gun (200) is read:
the calculation method of the reduction state comprises the following steps:
in the formula: t isSThe color temperature is the data read by the temperature detection device (300); t is the true temperature; c2Is a second radiation constant; ε is the emissivity;
λ1＝800nm；λ2＝1000nm；V1and V2Data returned by a temperature measuring device (300) installed for the bottom gun (200);
a is a compensation coefficient made according to field data;
r and H are respectively a gas constant and a molten pool depth;
TA，Tbthe gas temperature at the nozzle and the temperature in the molten iron cavity are respectively;
n is the amount of material blown into the furnace gas per unit time;
QAat a pressure PABottom blowing gas flow rate; the AOD furnace is at 1 standard atmospheric pressure;
ρlis the density of the molten steel;
ρg，0is the density of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
u0is the velocity of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
Qg，0is the volume flow of gas at the outlet of the nozzle;
the calculation method of the large-proportion oxygen blowing state and the small-proportion oxygen blowing state comprises the following steps: (the overall formula is the same, and the specific value is different according to the oxygen flow in the program)
In the formula: t isSThe color temperature is the data read by the temperature detection device (300); t is the true temperature; c2Is a second radiation constant; ε is the emissivity;
λ1＝800nm；λ2＝1000nm；V1and V2Data returned by a temperature measuring device (300) installed for the bottom gun (200);
a is a compensation coefficient made according to field data;
r and H are respectively a gas constant and a molten pool depth;
Ta，Tbthe gas temperature at the nozzle and the temperature in the molten iron cavity are respectively;
n is the amount of material blown into the furnace gas per unit time;
Qaat a pressure PaBottom blowing gas flow rate; the AOD furnace is at 1 standard atmospheric pressure;
ρlis the density of the molten steel;
ρg，0is the density of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
u0is the velocity of the gas at the nozzle outlet;
Qg，0is the volumetric flow rate of the gas at the nozzle outlet.
Delta t is the oxygen blowing time;
QAr，QCoflow rates (m) of Ar and CO, respectively3S), p is total pressure;
Vm，ρmrespectively the volume and density of the molten steel;
ω[C]％，ω[Cr]％are respectively [ C]And [ Cr ]]Content (c);
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