CN113652625B - 用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113652625B
CN113652625B CN202110945834.XA CN202110945834A CN113652625B CN 113652625 B CN113652625 B CN 113652625B CN 202110945834 A CN202110945834 A CN 202110945834A CN 113652625 B CN113652625 B CN 113652625B
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章毅利
赵容兵
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Shanghai Puhai Qiushi Electric Power High Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料、其制备方法及电力排管。该喷涂材料包含:23%‑26%的Fe2B,21%‑24%的Fe4N,17%‑20%的MnAl4,14%‑17%的V6Si5,8%‑11%的AlMo3,余量为α‑Nb5Si3,以质量百分数计。本发明提供的喷涂材料经超音速火焰喷涂至钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面,可在较慢冷却速率下获得致密非晶涂层,耐磨性高,不用担心电力排管被钢丝绳割坏,而且不影响PVC管的弯曲自如,稳定可靠,可以有效地加快施工进度和避免事故隐患。

Description

用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于电力工程抗磨材料技术领域,涉及用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料,特别涉及一种在排管内快速形成一层高耐磨的非晶粉体。
背景技术
目前,随着城乡居民生活质量的普遍提高,对居住条件、生活环境的要求愈来愈高,钻石型配电网采用电缆供电这种比较美观的供电方式。电力电缆敷设方式一般选择排管敷设、沟道敷设、隧道敷设、直埋敷设、水下敷设等等。而其中电力排管敷设是目前城市采用最多的一种方式,适于当今城市的频繁建设,可以更好地利用各种地形,保护电缆安全运行。排管敷设方式一般选用PVC塑料管做穿管材料。
在排管敷设电缆工程中,当机械装置拖动电缆时,拖动电缆的钢丝绳会切割敷埋电缆的电缆管。这不仅会使得电缆管被钢丝绳割坏,并经常导致钢丝绳卡在电缆管上,从而被迫停止施工。这个问题不仅破坏了电缆管,也会大大影响到施工进度。
通过现场反复观察,发现钢丝绳割坏电缆管主要由以下因素造成。
首先,电缆出电缆井时,由于牵引力位于地面,而电缆位于地面以下的电缆管里,拖动电缆的钢丝绳自然向上牵引,钢丝绳与电缆管则形成一定的角度。电缆管管壁则成为一个支点,承受这个牵引力。
其次,管道转弯,很多时候,电缆管道走向并非是一条直线,往往会遇到一个一个弧形的拐弯。这样就会导致两根管道之间形成一个夹角,而钢丝绳也会与两者形成夹角,两个电缆管管口都会成为一个受力点,钢丝绳会同时割坏两者。
最后,两根电缆管不在同一水平位置。当两个电缆管沟并不是水平放置,而是成一定高度差时,上下之间形成的夹角,使得钢丝绳会对电缆管管壁形成一个压力,从而导致电缆管损坏。
为了解决这个问题,有人采用滚轮套管或预制水泥电缆管的方式来避免钢丝绳割坏电缆管。但需要电力排管弯曲的地方此方法难以适用,实际应用受到诸多限制。
鉴于此,采用一种用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面的喷涂材料,通过喷涂耐磨耐腐蚀涂层的方式受到了各方关注。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种用于钻石型配电网,在电力排管内表面进行喷涂处理的材料。该材料通过在排管内形成一层高耐磨的非晶涂层,与现有的采用滚轮套管进行排管敷设相比,极大地方便了现场安装,并且避免了电力排管被钢丝绳割坏所留下的事故隐患,从而解决上述缺陷。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料,该喷涂材料包含:
23%-26%的Fe2B,21%-24%的Fe4N,17%-20%的MnAl4,14%-17%的V6Si5,8%-11%的AlMo3,余量为α-Nb5Si3,以质量百分数计。
可选地,所述用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料呈粉体状态,为粉体合金。
可选地,所述用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料为采用气雾法获得的球形颗粒。
可选地,所述的球形颗粒,粒子大小为10-50μm。
本发明还提供了一种根据用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料的制备方法,该方法包含:
步骤1,在保护气氛下,将Fe2B、Fe4N、MnAl4、V6Si5、AlMo3、α-Nb5Si3按配比投料,通过电弧熔炼获得成分均匀的合金块;
步骤2,将合金块投入到气雾化制粉设备的石英坩埚中,关闭设备抽真空至3×10- 2Pa后,充入氩气至常压;设置喷射压力为5MPa,出口压力为200kPa;
步骤3,打开中频电源,采取熔炼过热度为100~200℃,感应熔炼炉开始熔炼所述的合金块,待熔液呈翻滚状态,将熔液在该温度下保温一段时间,以便混合均匀;
步骤4,进行雾化处理,熔融液体从坩埚喷嘴流出,经高压氩气冲击破碎成为细小液滴,在雾化室冷凝成为固态的合金粉末,并经气流随管道进入收料室中;
步骤5,充分冷却之后再收集,粉末皆用筛子过筛,获得粉体合金。
本发明还提供了一种钻石型配电网的电力排管,其内表面喷涂设置上述的喷涂材料。
可选地,所述的喷涂是指采用超音速火焰喷涂。
本发明的粉体合金新材料,创新性地从熵的角度开发和研究合金喷涂材料,与传统合金相比,高熵合金没有明显的溶剂与溶质之分,表现出高强度、高韧性、抗辐照及优异的力学性能等特点。
该粉体合金成分具有较宽的过冷液相区和超强的玻璃形成能力,可在较慢冷却速率下获得致密非晶涂层,制备的方法为超音速火焰喷涂,其技术简便可靠。
鉴于非晶喷涂具有较宽的过冷液相区和超强的玻璃形成能力,可在较慢冷却速率下获得致密非晶涂层,而薄层非晶有超强的耐磨损能力,约为碳钢Q235耐磨性的21.90倍。电力排管内表面经喷涂本发明的粉体合金材料后,不用担心电力排管被钢丝绳割坏,而且不影响PVC管的弯曲自如,稳定可靠,可以有效地加快施工进度和避免事故隐患。
附图说明
图1为电力排管内表面喷涂一层本发明的非晶涂层结构,所形成的非晶衍射环图谱。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
针对目前在钻石型配电网电力排管敷设电缆工程中,当机械装置拖动电缆时,拖动电缆的钢丝绳会切割敷埋电缆的电力排管,致使电缆管被钢丝绳割坏或导致钢丝绳卡在电力排管上,从而被迫停止施工并留下事故隐患;本发明提出了一种涉及用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料,在钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂一层非晶涂层结构,所形成的非晶衍射环图谱如图1所示,从图中明显的非晶环可知涂层已呈非晶结构。
本发明的热喷涂粉体为采用气雾法获得的球形颗粒,粒子大小为10-50μm。
所述喷涂材料为一种粉末合金,其质量百分比组成如下:23-26%的Fe2B,21-24%的Fe4N,17-20%的MnAl4,14-17%的V6Si5,8-11%的AlMo3,余量为α-Nb5Si3
以下结合实施例具体说明。
实施例1
将金属块体原材料通过电子天平称量后,按质量百分比分别配出23%的Fe2B,21%的Fe4N,18%的MnAl4,16%的V6Si5,9%的AlMo3,余量为α-Nb5Si3合金成分。
将以上配比的各种材料投入到非自耗电弧熔炼设备的腔室中,腔室内被抽成高度真空后,再充入氩气(纯度为99.999wt%)保护气氛以稳定电弧。调节电流强度来控制电弧熔炼的温度,经多次反复熔炼,获得成分均匀的初级合金锭。
将合金锭投入到气雾化制粉设备的石英坩埚中,关闭设备抽真空至3×10-2Pa后,充入氩气至常压。为保证设备内气体纯净,将上述过程重复三次。设置喷射压力为5MPa,出口压力为200kPa。此后,打开中频电源,采取熔炼过热度为100~200℃,感应熔炼炉开始熔炼合金块,待熔液呈翻滚状态,将熔液在该温度下保温一段时间,以便混合均匀。
最后,进行雾化处理,熔融液体从坩埚喷嘴流出,经高压氩气冲击破碎成为细小液滴,在雾化室冷凝成为固态的合金粉末,并经气流随管道进入收料室中。充分冷却之后再收集,粉末皆用筛子过筛,获得的球形颗粒,粒子大小在10-50μm范围,在PVC电力排管内表面超音速火焰喷涂一层该粉体0.20-0.25mm,其耐磨损能力约为碳钢Q235耐磨性的21.90倍,其测试数据如表1所示。根据模拟磨损率实验等方法综合测算,可延长电力排管寿命2-3倍。
实施例2
将金属块体原材料通过电子天平称量后,按质量百分比分别配出26%的Fe2B,24%的Fe4N,19%的MnAl4,16%的V6Si5,11%的AlMo3,余量为α-Nb5Si3合金成分。接着,将以上配比的各种材料投入到非自耗电弧熔炼设备的腔室中,通过电弧熔炼获得成分均匀的合金锭。熔炼材料之前,腔室内被抽成高度真空后,再充入氩气保护气氛以稳定电弧。调节电流强度来控制电弧熔炼的温度,经多次反复熔炼,得到合金分布均匀的块体。然后,将合金锭投入到气雾化制粉设备的石英坩埚中,关闭设备抽真空至3×10-2Pa后,充入氩气至常压。为保证设备内气体纯净,将上述过程重复三次。设置喷射压力为5MPa,出口压力为200kPa。此后,打开中频电源,采取熔炼过热度为100~200℃,感应熔炼炉开始熔炼合金块,待熔液呈翻滚状态,将熔液在该温度下保温一段时间,以便混合均匀。最后,进行雾化处理,熔融液体从坩埚喷嘴流出,经高压氩气冲击破碎成为细小液滴,在雾化室冷凝成为固态的合金粉末,并经气流随管道进入收料室中。充分冷却之后再收集,粉末皆用筛子过筛,获得的球形颗粒,粒子大小在10-50μm范围,在PVC电力排管内表面超音速火焰喷涂一层该粉体0.25-0.30mm,根据模拟磨损率实验等方法综合测算,可延长电力排管寿命3-4倍。
鉴于非晶喷涂具有较宽的过冷液相区和超强的玻璃形成能力,可在较慢冷却速率下获得致密非晶涂层,而薄层非晶有超强的耐磨损能力,约为碳钢Q235耐磨性的21.90倍,其测试数据如表1所示。电力排管内表面经喷涂本发明的粉体合金材料后,不用担心电力排管被钢丝绳割坏,而且不影响PVC管的弯曲自如,稳定可靠,可以有效地加快施工进度和避免事故隐患。
表1为非晶涂层与Q235耐磨性测试数据
Figure BDA0003215502660000051
综上所述,针对目前钻石型配电网电力排管在电缆安装过程中出现管子被钢丝绳割坏等事故隐患,本发明提供的一种用于钻石型配电网的,在电力排管内表面进行喷涂处理的材料,经超音速火焰喷涂可在电力排管内表面形成一层高耐磨的非晶涂层,与现有的采用滚轮套管进行排管敷设相比,极大地方便了现场安装,并且避免了电力排管被钢丝绳割坏所留下的事故隐患。
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍,但应当认识到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。在本领域技术人员阅读了上述内容后,对于本发明的多种修改和替代都将是显而易见的。因此,本发明的保护范围应由所附的权利要求来限定。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料,其特征在于,该喷涂材料的原料组分包含:
23%-26%的Fe2B,21%-24%的Fe4N,17%-20%的MnAl4,14%-17%的V6Si5,8%-11%的AlMo3,余量为α-Nb5Si3,以质量百分数计。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料,其特征在于,所述用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料呈粉体状态,为粉体合金。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料,其特征在于,所述用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料为采用气雾法获得的球形颗粒。
4.如权利要求3所述的用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料,其特征在于,所述的球形颗粒,粒子大小为10-50μm。
5.一种根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的用于钻石型配电网的电力排管内表面喷涂材料的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法包含:
步骤1,在保护气氛下,将Fe2B、Fe4N、MnAl4、V6Si5、AlMo3、α-Nb5Si3按配比投料,通过电弧熔炼获得成分均匀的合金块;
步骤2,将合金块投入到气雾化制粉设备的石英坩埚中,关闭设备抽真空至3×10-2Pa后,充入氩气至常压;设置喷射压力为5MPa,出口压力为200kPa;
步骤3,打开中频电源,采取熔炼过热度为100~200℃,感应熔炼炉开始熔炼所述的合金块,待熔液呈翻滚状态,将熔液在该温度下保温一段时间,以便混合均匀;
步骤4,进行雾化处理,熔融液体从坩埚喷嘴流出,经高压氩气冲击破碎成为细小液滴,在雾化室冷凝成为固态的合金粉末,并经气流随管道进入收料室中;
步骤5,充分冷却之后再收集粉末,过筛,获得粉体合金。
6.一种钻石型配电网的电力排管,其特征在于,该电力排管内表面喷涂设置根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的喷涂材料。
7.如权利要求6所述的钻石型配电网的电力排管,其特征在于,所述的喷涂是指采用超音速火焰喷涂。
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