CN113651572A - Pervious concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pervious concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113651572A CN113651572A CN202110911397.XA CN202110911397A CN113651572A CN 113651572 A CN113651572 A CN 113651572A CN 202110911397 A CN202110911397 A CN 202110911397A CN 113651572 A CN113651572 A CN 113651572A
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- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical group C=C.CC(=O)OC=C HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/42—Glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/46—Rock wool ; Ceramic or silicate fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
- C04B16/0616—Macromolecular compounds fibrous from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B16/0625—Polyalkenes, e.g. polyethylene
- C04B16/0633—Polypropylene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/14—Acids or salts thereof containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
- C04B22/142—Sulfates
- C04B22/148—Aluminium-sulfate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2623—Polyvinylalcohols; Polyvinylacetates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2641—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2676—Polystyrenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses pervious concrete and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of concrete, wherein the pervious concrete comprises the following components: 10-20 parts by weight of cement; 0.2 to 1 part by weight of an expanding agent; 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a polyacrylate; 60-80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 1-5 parts by weight of an organic emulsion; 1-5 parts by weight of a three-dimensional fabric; 0.2-1 part by weight of high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the pervious concrete is simple in preparation method and convenient to construct; the invention solves the problem of poor frost resistance and crack resistance of the pervious concrete in the prior art, and realizes the technical effects of improving the frost resistance, compressive strength and flexural strength of the pervious concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to pervious concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Pervious concrete, also known as porous concrete, is a sand-free concrete, has characteristics of air permeability, water permeability and light weight, and is gradually used for road construction. However, the existing pervious concrete has the problems of poor freezing resistance and crack resistance, and easy crack generation, so that the strength of the pervious concrete is reduced, and the service life is short.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purposes of the invention are as follows: the pervious concrete and the preparation method thereof are provided, and the pervious concrete aims to solve the technical problem that the pervious concrete in the prior art has poor freezing resistance and crack resistance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a pervious concrete comprising:
10-20 parts by weight of cement;
0.2 to 1 part by weight of an expanding agent;
0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a polyacrylate;
60-80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate;
1-5 parts by weight of an organic emulsion;
1-5 parts by weight of a three-dimensional fabric;
0.2-1 part by weight of a high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Further, among the above pervious concrete, the pervious concrete includes:
15 parts by weight of cement, 0.2 part by weight of an expanding agent, 0.1 part by weight of polyacrylate, 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 2 parts by weight of an organic emulsion, 2 parts by weight of a three-dimensional fabric and 0.2 part by weight of a high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Optionally, in the pervious concrete, the cement is portland cement or ordinary portland cement with a strength grade of 42.5.
Optionally, in the pervious concrete, the polyacrylate is at least one of sodium polyacrylate, calcium polyacrylate and magnesium polyacrylate.
Optionally, in the pervious concrete, the coarse aggregate is stone with a particle size of 5-15 mm; the mud content of the coarse aggregate is lower than 1%.
Optionally, in the pervious concrete, the organic emulsion is at least one of acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, styrene-butadiene emulsion and acrylic emulsion; the concentration of the organic emulsion is 40-50%.
Optionally, in the pervious concrete, the three-dimensional fabric is woven from at least one of glass fibers, polypropylene fibers and basalt fibers.
Optionally, in the pervious concrete, the three-dimensional fabric has a thickness of 8.0mm and an areal density of 1120g/m3The shear strength in the warp direction was 1.3MPa, the shear strength in the weft direction was 2.3MPa, the shear modulus in the warp direction was 5.4MPa, the shear modulus in the weft direction was 8.5MPa, and the bending stiffness in the warp direction was 3.3N × m2Flexural rigidity in the weft direction of 8.1N m2。
Optionally, in the pervious concrete, the expanding agent is a sulphoaluminate expanding agent, and the high-efficiency water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent with a water reducing rate of more than 25%.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the pervious concrete, comprising the following steps:
mixing and stirring cement, an expanding agent and polyacrylate in a powder form to obtain a first mixture;
adding water and an organic emulsion into the first mixture, and stirring to obtain a second mixture;
adding coarse aggregate into the second mixture, and stirring to obtain a third mixture;
adding a high-efficiency water reducing agent into the third mixture to obtain a mixture;
and pouring the mixture into a mold fixed with a three-dimensional fabric, performing pressure vibration for 5-10 seconds, and performing maintenance and demolding to obtain the pervious concrete.
One or more technical solutions provided by the present invention may have the following advantages or at least achieve the following technical effects:
according to the pervious concrete and the preparation method thereof, provided by the invention, the drying shrinkage and chemical shrinkage of the pervious concrete are reduced through the synergistic effect of the polyacrylate and the expanding agent, the crack resistance of the pervious concrete is effectively improved, and the later-stage cracking is avoided; the organic emulsion is used for forming a film inside the pervious concrete, so that the toughness and the waterproof performance of the pervious concrete are improved, and the frost resistance of the pervious concrete is effectively improved; the three-dimensional fabric is used for enhancing the integrity and the toughness of the pervious concrete, the compressive strength and the breaking strength of the pervious concrete are greatly improved, the pervious concrete is prevented from brittle cracking under external load, the service life of the pervious concrete is prolonged, and the cost is low. The preparation method of the pervious concrete is simple, convenient to construct and convenient to popularize and apply on a large scale.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.
In addition, in the present invention, if there is a description referring to "first", "second", etc., the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. In addition, the technical solutions of the respective embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not be within the protection scope of the present invention.
Along with the development of economic society and the acceleration of urbanization process, cement pavements are more and more, roads covered by the waterproof materials bring great negative effects to the ecological environment of cities, the urban 'heat island effect' is caused, the temperature is higher and higher, the underground water level is reduced, the ground is caused to sink, the rainwater is not discharged smoothly, the waterlogging is caused, and the like, so that great economic loss is caused.
The analysis of the prior art shows that the pervious concrete is also called porous concrete, sand-free concrete and pervious terrace, is porous concrete mixed by aggregate, cement, water and reinforcing agent, and has the characteristics of air permeability, water permeability and light weight. However, the pervious concrete in the market at the present stage has the problem of short service life, and the pervious concrete is required to be paved again when the service life is not more than 5 years in general, and the reason for the short service life is that the anti-cracking performance of the pervious concrete is poor. The pervious concrete is easy to crack under the external environment, so that the strength is reduced; in northern areas, severe cold climate in winter is needed, concrete cracks are easy to generate due to freeze thawing, strength and quality loss are caused, and finally the service life of pervious concrete is reduced.
At present, some pervious concrete formulas or methods for enhancing the frost resistance and crack resistance exist, but the formulas or methods have the problems of complicated process, high cost or over dependence on structural design, have limitations to a certain extent and are not close to practical use. For example, some methods add polyvinyl alcohol fibers, aluminum powder and ethanol, stir, filter to obtain a solid, dry the solid to obtain a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol fibers and aluminum powder, and mix the mixture with cement, which is a complicated process and involves high cost of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers and aluminum powder. For another example, some rely on a honeycomb ecological ground structure to mix concrete, which too relies on structural design, and causes limitation to the preparation of concrete.
In view of the technical problem that the pervious concrete in the prior art has poor frost resistance and crack resistance, the invention provides pervious concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the pervious concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-20 parts by weight of cement; 0.2 to 1 part by weight of an expanding agent; 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a polyacrylate; 60-80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 1-5 parts by weight of an organic emulsion; 1-5 parts by weight of a three-dimensional fabric; 0.2-1 part by weight of a high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Further, in the above components, the cement is portland cement or ordinary portland cement of strength grade 42.5; the expanding agent is sulphoaluminate expanding agent and is white powder; the polyacrylate is at least one of sodium polyacrylate, calcium polyacrylate and magnesium polyacrylate; the coarse aggregate is stone with the particle size of 5-15 mm, and the mud content of the coarse aggregate is lower than 1%; the organic emulsion is at least one of acrylic emulsion (604 emulsion), vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion (VAE emulsion), butylbenzene emulsion and pure acrylic emulsion (PA emulsion), and the concentration of the organic emulsion is 40-50%; the three-dimensional fabric is formed by weaving at least one of glass fiber, polypropylene fiber (PP fiber) and basalt fiber, wherein the thickness of the three-dimensional fabric is 8.0mm, and the surface density is 1120g/m3The shear strength in the warp direction was 1.3MPa, the shear strength in the weft direction was 2.3MPa, the shear modulus in the warp direction was 5.4MPa, the shear modulus in the weft direction was 8.5MPa, and the bending stiffness in the warp direction was 3.3N × m2Flexural rigidity in the weft direction of 8.1N m2(ii) a The high-efficiency water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent with the water reducing rate of more than 25 percent.
The preparation method of the pervious concrete comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing and stirring cement, an expanding agent and polyacrylate in a powder form to obtain a first mixture;
step S2: adding water and an organic emulsion into the first mixture, and stirring to obtain a second mixture;
step S3: adding coarse aggregate into the second mixture, and stirring to obtain a third mixture;
step S4: adding a high-efficiency water reducing agent into the third mixture to obtain a mixture;
step S5: and pouring the mixture into a mold fixed with a three-dimensional fabric, performing pressure vibration for 5-10 seconds, and performing maintenance and demolding to obtain the pervious concrete.
Specifically, the stirring time may be determined according to actual conditions, the pressure vibration in step S5 may be performed by using a flat vibrator, and the pressure vibration time may also be determined according to actual conditions.
In the pervious concrete, the drying shrinkage and chemical shrinkage of the pervious concrete are reduced through the synergistic effect of the polyacrylate and the expanding agent, the crack resistance of the pervious concrete is effectively improved, and the later-stage cracking is avoided; the organic emulsion is used for forming a film inside the pervious concrete, so that the toughness and the waterproof performance of the pervious concrete are improved, and the frost resistance of the pervious concrete is effectively improved; the three-dimensional fabric is used for enhancing the integrity and the toughness of the pervious concrete, the compressive strength and the breaking strength of the pervious concrete are greatly improved, the pervious concrete is prevented from brittle cracking under external load, the service life of the pervious concrete is prolonged, and the cost is low. The preparation method of the pervious concrete is simple, convenient to construct and convenient to popularize and apply on a large scale.
The effect of the various components and the change in the parts by weight of the pervious concrete will be described in detail below by means of several examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a pervious concrete, include: 15 parts by weight of cement, 0.2 part by weight of an expanding agent, 0.1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 2 parts by weight of an organic emulsion, 2 parts by weight of a three-dimensional fabric and 0.2 part by weight of a high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Specifically, 15 parts by weight of cement, 0.2 part by weight of an expanding agent, and 0.1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate were mixed and stirred in the form of powder for 30 seconds to obtain a first mixture; adding 4 parts by weight of water and 2 parts by weight of organic emulsion to the first mixture, namely the concentration of the organic emulsion is 50%, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a second mixture; adding 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate to the second mixture, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a third mixture; adding 0.2 part by weight of high-efficiency water reducing agent into the third mixture, and adjusting the working performance of the mixture to obtain a mixture; pouring the obtained mixture into a mold fixed with 2 parts by weight of three-dimensional fabric, performing pressure vibration for 5-10 seconds by using a flat plate vibrator, and then performing maintenance and demolding to obtain the pervious concrete of the embodiment.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a pervious concrete, include: 10 parts of cement, 0.6 part of expanding agent, 0.3 part of sodium polyacrylate, 70 parts of coarse aggregate, 1 part of organic emulsion, 5 parts of three-dimensional fabric and 0.6 part of high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Specifically, 10 parts by weight of cement, 0.6 part by weight of an expanding agent, and 0.3 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate powder were mixed and stirred for 30 seconds to obtain a first mixture; adding 2.5 parts by weight of water and 1 part by weight of an organic emulsion to the first mixture, i.e., the concentration of the organic emulsion is 40%, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a second mixture; adding 70 parts by weight of coarse aggregate to the second mixture, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a third mixture; adding 0.6 part by weight of high-efficiency water reducing agent into the third mixture, and adjusting the working performance of the mixture to obtain a mixture; and pouring the obtained mixture into a mold fixed with 5 parts by weight of three-dimensional fabric, performing pressure vibration for 5-10 seconds by using a flat plate vibrator, and then performing maintenance and demolding to obtain the pervious concrete of the embodiment.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a pervious concrete, include: 20 parts of cement, 1 part of expanding agent, 0.5 part of sodium polyacrylate, 60 parts of coarse aggregate, 5 parts of organic emulsion, 1 part of three-dimensional fabric and 1 part of high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Specifically, 20 parts by weight of cement, 1 part by weight of an expanding agent, and 0.5 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate were mixed in powder form and stirred for 30 seconds to obtain a first mixture; adding 10 parts by weight of water and 5 parts by weight of organic emulsion to the first mixture, wherein the concentration of the organic emulsion is 50%, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a second mixture; adding 60 parts by weight of coarse aggregate to the second mixture, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a third mixture; adding 1 part by weight of high-efficiency water reducing agent into the third mixture, and adjusting the working performance of the mixture to obtain a mixture; pouring the obtained mixture into a mold fixed with 1 part by weight of three-dimensional fabric, performing pressure vibration for 5-10 seconds by using a flat plate vibrator, and then performing curing and demolding to obtain the pervious concrete of the embodiment.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a pervious concrete comprising: 15 parts by weight of cement, 0 part by weight of an expanding agent, 0.1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 2 parts by weight of an organic emulsion, 2 parts by weight of a three-dimensional fabric and 0.2 part by weight of a high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Specifically, 15 parts by weight of cement and 0.1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate were mixed in powder form and stirred for 30 seconds to obtain a first mixture; adding 4 parts by weight of water and 2 parts by weight of organic emulsion to the first mixture, namely the concentration of the organic emulsion is 50%, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a second mixture; adding 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate to the second mixture, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a third mixture; adding 0.2 part by weight of high-efficiency water reducing agent into the third mixture, and adjusting the working performance of the mixture to obtain a mixture; and pouring the obtained mixture into a mold fixed with 2 parts by weight of three-dimensional fabric, performing pressure vibration for 5-10 seconds by using a flat plate vibrator, and then performing curing and demolding to obtain the pervious concrete of the comparative example.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a pervious concrete comprising: 15 parts by weight of cement, 0.2 part by weight of an expanding agent, 0 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 2 parts by weight of an organic emulsion, 2 parts by weight of a three-dimensional fabric and 0.2 part by weight of a high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Specifically, 15 parts by weight of cement and 0.2 part by weight of an expanding agent were mixed in powder form and stirred for 30 seconds to obtain a first mixture; adding 4 parts by weight of water and 2 parts by weight of organic emulsion to the first mixture, namely the concentration of the organic emulsion is 50%, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a second mixture; adding 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate to the second mixture, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a third mixture; adding 0.2 part by weight of high-efficiency water reducing agent into the third mixture, and adjusting the working performance of the mixture to obtain a mixture; and pouring the obtained mixture into a mold fixed with 2 parts by weight of three-dimensional fabric, performing pressure vibration for 5-10 seconds by using a flat plate vibrator, and then performing curing and demolding to obtain the pervious concrete of the comparative example.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a pervious concrete comprising: 15 parts by weight of cement, 0.2 part by weight of an expanding agent, 0.1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 0 part by weight of an organic emulsion, 2 parts by weight of a three-dimensional fabric and 0.2 part by weight of a high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Specifically, 15 parts by weight of cement, 0.2 part by weight of an expanding agent, and 0.1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate were mixed and stirred in the form of powder for 30 seconds to obtain a first mixture; adding 4 parts by weight of water to the first mixture and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a second mixture; adding 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate to the second mixture, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a third mixture; adding 0.2 part by weight of high-efficiency water reducing agent into the third mixture, and adjusting the working performance of the mixture to obtain a mixture; pouring the obtained mixture into a mold fixed with 2 parts by weight of three-dimensional fabric, performing pressure vibration for 5-10 seconds by using a flat plate vibrator, and then performing maintenance and demolding to obtain the pervious concrete of the embodiment.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a pervious concrete comprising: 15 parts by weight of cement, 0.2 part by weight of an expanding agent, 0.1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 2 parts by weight of an organic emulsion, 0 part by weight of a three-dimensional fabric and 0.2 part by weight of a high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Specifically, 15 parts by weight of cement, 0.2 part by weight of an expanding agent, and 0.1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate were mixed and stirred in the form of powder for 30 seconds to obtain a first mixture; adding 4 parts by weight of water and 2 parts by weight of organic emulsion to the first mixture, namely the concentration of the organic emulsion is 50%, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a second mixture; adding 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate to the second mixture, and stirring for 30 seconds to obtain a third mixture; adding 0.2 part by weight of high-efficiency water reducing agent into the third mixture, and adjusting the working performance of the mixture to obtain a mixture; and pouring the obtained mixture into a mould, wherein the mould does not contain a three-dimensional fabric, performing pressure vibration for 5-10 seconds by using a flat plate vibrator, and then performing maintenance and demoulding to obtain the pervious concrete of the embodiment.
The pervious concrete prepared in the three examples and the pervious concrete prepared in the four comparative examples were subjected to a compression test, a bending test and a freeze-thaw cycle test for 50 times, respectively, to obtain test results as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
According to the above table 1, the tests of the pervious concrete of the examples 1 to 3 show that the compressive strength loss of the 50 freeze-thaw cycle test of the examples 1 to 3 is not more than 5%, which indicates that the three examples can improve the frost resistance and crack resistance of the pervious concrete; among them, the pervious concrete of example 1 is the highest in compressive strength and flexural strength, and example 1 is explained as a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Comparative example 1 is pervious concrete without addition of an expanding agent, comparative example 2 is pervious concrete without addition of polyacrylate, comparative example 3 is pervious concrete without addition of an organic emulsion, and comparative example 4 is pervious concrete without addition of a three-dimensional fabric. Comparing preferred example 1 with comparative examples 1 to 4, respectively, it was found that:
1. the compressive strength loss of 50 freeze-thaw cycle test of the pervious concrete prepared according to comparative example 1 without adding the expanding agent and comparative example 2 without adding the polyacrylate is 28% and 24%, respectively, and the loss is not more than 5% compared with the loss of example 1, the pervious concrete prepared according to comparative examples 1 and 2 has increased loss, and the compressive and flexural properties are relatively weakened. This is because the addition of polyacrylate and swelling agent has a synergistic effect: the polyacrylate can play a self-curing role in the concrete by restraining free water in the pervious concrete, so that the drying shrinkage of the concrete is reduced; the expanding agent can reduce the chemical shrinkage of the concrete by compensating the shrinkage, thereby reducing the cracks generated by the shrinkage of the concrete. Therefore, the polyacrylate and the expanding agent have a synergistic effect on the crack resistance of the permeable concrete: the chemical shrinkage and the drying shrinkage coexist in the life cycle of the concrete, and the shrinkage of the concrete can be effectively reduced through the simultaneous action of the drying shrinkage and the chemical shrinkage; otherwise, if one part is not available, the anti-cracking performance of the concrete cannot be effectively improved, so that later-stage cracking is caused, and the service life is influenced.
2. In comparative example 3 without adding the organic emulsion, the compressive strength loss of the prepared pervious concrete in a 50 freeze-thaw cycle test is 50.5%, compared with the loss of not more than 5% in example 1, the pervious concrete prepared in comparative example 3 has more loss, and the compressive performance and the fracture resistance are obviously weakened. The reason is that the organic emulsion can form a film in the concrete, so that the toughness and the waterproof performance of the concrete are improved, water molecules are effectively prevented from entering the concrete, particularly, the frost resistance of the pervious concrete can be greatly improved in severe cold weather, and the service life of the pervious concrete is effectively prolonged. Therefore, the addition of the organic emulsion can obviously improve the frost resistance of the pervious concrete and can also improve the compression resistance and the fracture resistance; on the contrary, if the organic emulsion is not added, the frost resistance of the concrete cannot be effectively improved, and the service life is still influenced.
3. Comparative example 4, in which the three-dimensional fabric was not added, produced pervious concrete having a loss of compressive strength of 38.9% in a 50 freeze-thaw cycle test, and a loss of not more than 5% compared to example 1, the pervious concrete produced in comparative example 4 had an increased loss, and comparative example 4 had only a compressive strength of 20.7MPa and a flexural strength of 4.1MPa, and the compressive and flexural properties were significantly weakened compared to a compressive strength of 30.2MPa and a flexural strength of 7.2MPa in example 1. The three-dimensional fabric can effectively enhance the integrity and toughness of the pervious concrete, greatly improve the compressive strength and the breaking strength, effectively reduce the brittle cracking of the concrete under external load by reducing the brittleness of the pervious concrete, and prolong the service life. Therefore, the addition of the three-dimensional fabric can obviously improve the compression resistance and the fracture resistance; on the contrary, if the three-dimensional fabric is not added, the compression resistance and the bending resistance of the concrete cannot be effectively improved, and the service life is still influenced.
In conclusion, the invention starts from the pervious concrete material, and improves the crack resistance and the durability of the pervious concrete by improving the material formula; the three-dimensional fabric is combined with the pervious concrete, so that the pervious concrete has higher integrity and higher compressive and flexural strength; in addition, the components of the invention have lower cost, but the prepared permeable concrete has better effect, simple preparation method and convenient construction.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description, and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications made by the equivalent structures or equivalent processes in the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, which are within the spirit of the present invention, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pervious concrete, comprising:
10-20 parts by weight of cement;
0.2 to 1 part by weight of an expanding agent;
0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a polyacrylate;
60-80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate;
1-5 parts by weight of an organic emulsion;
1-5 parts by weight of a three-dimensional fabric;
0.2-1 part by weight of a high-efficiency water reducing agent.
2. The pervious concrete of claim 1, comprising:
15 parts by weight of cement, 0.2 part by weight of an expanding agent, 0.1 part by weight of polyacrylate, 80 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 2 parts by weight of an organic emulsion, 2 parts by weight of a three-dimensional fabric and 0.2 part by weight of a high-efficiency water reducing agent.
3. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein said cement is portland cement or ordinary portland cement of strength grade 42.5.
4. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein said polyacrylate is at least one of sodium polyacrylate, calcium polyacrylate, and magnesium polyacrylate.
5. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein the coarse aggregate is stone with a particle size of 5 to 15 mm; the mud content of the coarse aggregate is lower than 1%.
6. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein said organic emulsion is at least one of an acrylic emulsion, a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, a styrene-butadiene emulsion, and a acrylic emulsion; the concentration of the organic emulsion is 40-50%.
7. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein said three-dimensional weave is woven from at least one of glass fibers, polypropylene fibers, and basalt fibers.
8. The pervious concrete of claim 7, wherein said three-dimensional fabric has a thickness of 8.0mm and an areal density of 1120g/m3The shear strength in the warp direction was 1.3MPa, the shear strength in the weft direction was 2.3MPa, the shear modulus in the warp direction was 5.4MPa, the shear modulus in the weft direction was 8.5MPa, and the bending stiffness in the warp direction was 3.3N × m2Flexural rigidity in the weft direction of 8.1N m2。
9. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein said expansive agent is a sulphoaluminate expansive agent and said high-efficiency water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water-reducing agent having a water-reducing rate of 25% or more.
10. A method of producing a pervious concrete according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
mixing and stirring cement, an expanding agent and polyacrylate in a powder form to obtain a first mixture;
adding water and an organic emulsion into the first mixture, and stirring to obtain a second mixture;
adding coarse aggregate into the second mixture, and stirring to obtain a third mixture;
adding a high-efficiency water reducing agent into the third mixture to obtain a mixture;
and pouring the mixture into a mold fixed with a three-dimensional fabric, performing pressure vibration for 5-10 seconds, and performing maintenance and demolding to obtain the pervious concrete.
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Application publication date: 20211116 |