CN113650132A - Artificial rock material suitable for negative temperature environment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Artificial rock material suitable for negative temperature environment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113650132A CN113650132A CN202110955145.7A CN202110955145A CN113650132A CN 113650132 A CN113650132 A CN 113650132A CN 202110955145 A CN202110955145 A CN 202110955145A CN 113650132 A CN113650132 A CN 113650132A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial rock material suitable for a negative temperature environment and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the carbonized cementing material, the aggregate, water and the anti-freezing mineralizer to obtain a wet mixed material; pressing or pouring the wet mixed material to form a blank body; and carbonizing and maintaining the blank to obtain the artificial rock material suitable for the negative temperature environment. The invention fully utilizes the characteristic that the dissolution rate of carbon dioxide is increased along with the reduction of the temperature to promote the diffusion dissolution process of the carbon dioxide at the negative temperature, reduces the water freezing point in the blank by introducing the anti-freezing mineralizer to ensure the water required by the carbonization reaction, and simultaneously utilizes the mineralization of the anti-freezing mineralizer to promote the dissolution of calcium ions in the carbonized gelled material, thereby increasing the carbonization reaction rate under the negative temperature condition; the compressive strength of the artificial rock material can reach 50MPa after carbonization and maintenance are carried out for 24 hours at the temperature of minus 40 ℃, and a new technical idea is provided for engineering application in negative temperature environments such as polar regions and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to an artificial rock material suitable for a negative temperature environment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In northern China and high-altitude and high-latitude areas, the duration time in winter is long, engineering construction faces a severe negative temperature environment, the temperature can be as low as-10 ℃ to-30 ℃, and the temperature is even lower in polar regions. The existing negative temperature concrete still takes hydration reaction as a strength forming mechanism, under the extremely low temperature environment, on one hand, water is frozen to cause the loss of a reaction medium, on the other hand, the ion dissolution rate of a cement mineral phase is sharply reduced along with the reduction of temperature, so that the hydration reaction tends to be stopped, and the early strength is slowly developed. Therefore, under the negative temperature environment, normal construction of the negative temperature concrete is generally ensured by adding an antifreezing agent, using high early strength sulphoaluminate cement, preheating raw materials and performing concrete thermal curing. The Chinese invention patent CN201910357884.9 discloses a sleeve grouting material capable of being constructed in a minus 10 ℃ negative temperature environment, the internal temperature of the slurry in the hydration process is adjusted by adding a phase change heat storage component, but the temperature of the mixing water is required to be controlled to be 5-10 ℃ during mixing, and the applicable temperature range is 0-minus 10 ℃. The Chinese invention patent CN202010142015.7 discloses a cement-based cementing material suitable for the environment of-10 to-30 ℃, which meets the mixing and construction requirements under the negative temperature environment by adding sulphoaluminate cement, a retarder, an antifreeze and an early strength agent, but the compressive strength of the technology is only about 22.4MPa and 14.3MPa at the temperature of-20 ℃ and-30 ℃ for 24 hours. Therefore, there is a need to develop new negative temperature materials to satisfy the requirements of stable and safe construction of engineering materials in extreme cold environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an artificial rock material suitable for use in a negative temperature environment and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of high applicable temperature and low compressive strength of the negative temperature material in the prior art.
The invention provides a preparation method of an artificial rock material suitable for a negative temperature environment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing the carbonized cementing material, the aggregate, water and the anti-freezing mineralizer to obtain a wet mixed material;
s2, pressing or pouring the wet mixed material to form a blank;
s3, carbonizing and maintaining the blank to obtain an artificial rock material suitable for the negative temperature environment;
the antifreezing mineralizer is at least one of magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate, ethylene glycol and calcium chloride.
The second aspect of the invention provides an artificial rock material suitable for use in a negative temperature environment, which is obtained by the preparation method of the artificial rock material suitable for use in a negative temperature environment provided by the first aspect of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes a carbonized cementing material, aggregate, water and an antifreezing mineralizer as raw materials, takes carbon dioxide gas as a driving medium, fully utilizes the characteristic that the dissolution rate of the carbon dioxide is increased along with the reduction of the temperature to promote the diffusion dissolution process of the carbonized cementing material under negative temperature, reduces the moisture freezing point in a blank body by introducing the antifreezing mineralizer to ensure the moisture required by carbonization reaction, and simultaneously utilizes the mineralization action of the antifreezing mineralizer to promote the dissolution of calcium ions in the carbonized cementing material, thereby increasing the carbonization reaction rate under the negative temperature condition;
the artificial rock material disclosed by the invention does not need to preheat raw materials in a construction environment at the lowest temperature of-40 ℃, does not need extra thermal curing or heat preservation measures in a curing process after forming, has the compressive strength of 50MPa after carbonization and curing for 24 hours at the temperature of-40 ℃, has the advantages of low comprehensive cost and simple process, and provides a new technical idea for engineering application in negative temperature environments such as polar regions and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a carburized and hardened material produced in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of an artificial rock material suitable for a negative temperature environment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing the carbonized cementing material, the aggregate, water and the anti-freezing mineralizer to obtain a wet mixed material;
s2, pressing or pouring the wet mixed material to form a blank;
and S3, carbonizing and curing the green body in a carbon dioxide atmosphere to obtain the artificial rock material suitable for the negative temperature environment.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the carbonized cementing material to the aggregate, water and the anti-freezing mineralizer is 100: 0-45: 10-30: 0.6 to 15.
In some embodiments of the invention, the green body is made by compression molding, and the weight ratio of the carbonized cementing material to the aggregate, water and the anti-freezing mineralizer is 100: 10-40: 10-25: 0.9 to 11.8.
In some embodiments of the invention, the green body is made by casting, and the weight ratio of the carbonized cementitious material to the aggregate, water and the anti-freezing mineralizer is 100: 15-45: 15-30: 0.6 to 15.
In the present invention, the carbonized cementitious material is tricalcium disilicate (C)3S2) Gamma-type dicalcium silicate (gamma-C)2S), monocalcium silicate (CS) and steel slag powder. Furthermore, the average grain size of the carbonized cementing material is 5-15 μm, and the content of free calcium oxide is less than 3%.
In the invention, the aggregate is at least one of quartz sand or machine-made sand. Furthermore, the fineness of the aggregate is 30-100 meshes. According to the invention, the aggregate is added, so that the dosage of the carbonized cementing material can be reduced, and the aggregate can also play a skeleton role, so that the internal strength of the obtained artificial rock material is improved.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of carbonized cementitious material to aggregate is 100: 20-40, more preferably 100: 30-35. Within the mass ratio range, the use amount of the carbonized cementing material is more favorably reduced, and the internal strength of the obtained artificial rock material is improved.
In the invention, the antifreezing mineralizer is at least one of magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate, ethylene glycol and calcium chloride. The invention can lead the material to still have liquid water under the condition of negative temperature by adding the antifreezing mineralizer, and can promote the carbonization reaction under the negative temperature, thereby improving the strength of the obtained artificial rock material. The antifreeze mineralizer is preferably at least one of magnesium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate and ethylene glycol, and is more preferably magnesium chloride. Compared with other antifreezing carbonization agents, the magnesium chloride has the best effect of promoting the carbonization reaction, and the obtained artificial rock material has the highest compressive strength.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the carbonized cementitious material to the antifreeze mineralizer is 100: 2.8-6.2, more preferably 100: 5.1. within this mass ratio range, the resulting carbonized-hardened material has the highest compressive strength.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of carbonized cementitious material to water is 100: 15.
in the invention, the step of obtaining the wet mixed material comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the antifreezing mineralizer with water to obtain an antifreezing mineralizer solution; uniformly mixing the carbonized cementing material and the aggregate to obtain a dry mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the antifreezing mineralizer solution and the dry mixture to obtain a wet mixed material.
In the present invention, the conditions for the press molding are as follows: the molding pressure is 10-40 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 1-5 min.
In some embodiments of the invention, the forming pressure is 30MPa and the dwell time is 1 min.
In the invention, the casting of the green body specifically comprises: and pouring and molding the wet mixed material, carbonizing and pre-curing, demolding and drying to prepare a green body. The pouring material is pre-cured to achieve the initial demolding strength of the blank. In addition, the larger liquid-solid ratio before drying is beneficial to the smooth operation of the pouring process, and the solid-liquid ratio of the mixture is controlled to be 1: (0.06-0.15) is more favorable for improving the carbonization rate in the subsequent carbonization process. In some embodiments of the invention, the solid to liquid ratio of the dried mixture is 1: 0.06.
further, the carbonization pre-curing process is carried out in a carbonization device (such as a carbonization reaction kettle, a carbonization reaction tank and the like), the concentration of carbon dioxide is 20-99%, the gas pressure is 1-4 bar, the temperature is-40-0 ℃, and the pre-curing time is 1-4 h; the drying temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the drying time is 8-12 h.
In some specific embodiments of the invention, in the carbonization pre-curing process, the concentration of carbon dioxide is 99%, the gas pressure is 2bar, the temperature is-40-0 ℃, and the pre-curing time is 1 h; the drying temperature is 50 ℃ and the drying time is 8 h.
Further, in the pouring and forming process, the raw materials for preparing the artificial rock material in the negative temperature environment also comprise a water reducing agent. The water reducing agent is added to regulate the fluidity of the mixture, so that the mixture can be directly poured and molded in a mold. Further, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent. Furthermore, the mass ratio of the carbonized cementing material to the water reducing agent is 1: (0.01-0.03). In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the carbonized cementitious material to the water reducing agent is 1: 0.02.
in the invention, the carbonization curing is carried out in a carbonization device (such as a carbonization reaction kettle, a carbonization reaction tank and the like), the concentration of carbon dioxide is 20-99%, the gas pressure is 1-4 bar, the carbonization temperature is-40-0 ℃, and the carbonization time is 1-24 h.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the carbonization curing conditions are: the concentration of carbon dioxide is 99%, the gas pressure is 2bar, the carbonization temperature is-40-0 ℃, and the carbonization time is 24 h.
The second aspect of the invention provides an artificial rock material suitable for use in a negative temperature environment, which is obtained by the preparation method of the artificial rock material suitable for use in a negative temperature environment provided by the first aspect of the invention.
In order to avoid redundancy, some of the raw materials in the following embodiments of the present invention are summarized as follows:
the average grain diameter of the gamma-type dicalcium silicate is 10.4 mu m, and the content of free calcium oxide is 0.6 percent; tricalcium disilicate has an average particle size of 11.6 μm and a free calcium oxide content of 1.1%; the average grain diameter of the steel slag powder is 11.1 mu m, and the content of free calcium oxide is 2.5 percent; the average particle size of the monocalcium silicate is 10.1; the content of free calcium oxide was 0.4%.
The used aggregate is quartz sand with the fineness of 30-100 meshes.
Examples 1 to 6
Respectively preparing magnesium chloride solution, sodium chloride solution, potassium carbonate solution, sodium acetate solution, glycol solution and calcium chloride solution with different concentrations by taking the freezing point temperature of the antifreezing mineralizer solution as-20 ℃; wherein the mass ratios of the magnesium chloride, the sodium chloride, the potassium carbonate, the sodium acetate and the calcium chloride to the water are respectively 41: 100. 30: 100. 57: 100. 61: 100. 20.7: 100, the volume ratio of the ethylene glycol to the water is 1: 3; after the preparation is finished, the mixture is placed in an environment with the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for standby.
Uniformly mixing gamma-dicalcium silicate and aggregate to prepare a dry mixture, uniformly mixing the dry mixture with different antifreezing mineralizer solutions at the temperature of-20 ℃, pressing and forming the mixture into a blank, and curing the blank in a carbon dioxide atmosphere with the temperature of-20 ℃, the air pressure of 2bar and the concentration of 99% for 24 hours to obtain the carbonized and hardened material. Wherein the molding pressure is 30MPa, and the dwell time is 1 min.
The mass ratio of the raw materials of each component in examples 1 to 6 and the performance parameters of the obtained carbonized and hardened material are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Referring to FIG. 1, it can be seen from FIG. 1 that a large amount of carbonized products and a dense matrix structure can be formed by the method of the present invention under a very negative temperature environment.
As can be seen from Table 1, the carbonized and hardened material formed by using magnesium chloride as the antifreeze mineralizer has the highest carbonization degree and the highest compressive strength.
The principle of the carbonized cementing material which can promote the rapid formation of high strength by magnesium chloride at negative temperature is explained as follows:
taking the carbonization process of gamma-dicalcium silicate as an example, Ca is involved in the carbonization reaction2+The dissolution problem of (2), and the ion dissolution rate is slow at low temperature, thus greatly reducing the speed of carbonization reaction; under the condition of negative temperature, the lower the compressive strength of the material under the same curing time. After adding magnesium ion inorganic antifreezing mineralizer represented by magnesium chloride, the freezing point of the solution is reduced by changing the concentration of the solution, and the existence of a liquid phase in the material under a negative temperature condition is ensured, so that the carbonization reaction can still be continued.
In addition, magnesium chloride also participates in the reaction as a mineralizer during carbonization. In the water solution of blank pore before carbonization, magnesium ions are firstly combined with hydroxide ions ionized from liquid water to form magnesium hydroxide colloidal precipitate, and H in the solution is increased+Thereby promoting the dissolution of calcium ions. The solubility of the gamma-type dicalcium silicate in water is very low, the concentration of calcium ions is greatly improved in the presence of magnesium ions, and meanwhile, the supersaturation degree of calcium carbonate is reduced, so that the formation of calcium carbonate is facilitated. In addition, the colloidal precipitation of magnesium hydroxide can act as a heterogeneous nucleation site, reducing the nucleation energy required for crystallization of calcium carbonate crystals. During the carbonization process, the magnesium hydroxide precipitate is re-dissolved into magnesium chloride along with the generation of calcium carbonate. Therefore, magnesium chloride increases the carbonization rate of gamma-dicalcium silicate under negative temperature conditions in two ways and allows continuous carbonization. Therefore, the magnesium chloride is used as the antifreezing mineralizer, so that the carbon fixation degree of the carbonized cementing material at negative temperature can be greatly improved within a certain time, and the strength is rapidly developed.
Examples 7 to 9
Respectively weighing a certain amount of tricalcium disilicate (C)3S2) Steel slag powder and Calcium Silicate (CS) are put into an environment with the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for standby;
mixing magnesium chloride and water according to a mass ratio of 34: 100 to prepare a magnesium chloride solution, and placing the magnesium chloride solution at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for later use;
according to the following carbonized cementing material: aggregate: water: the mass ratio of magnesium chloride is 100:30:15:5.1, the carbonized cementing material and the aggregate are uniformly mixed to form a dry mixture, then a magnesium chloride solution is added, the mixture is uniformly mixed at the temperature of minus 20 ℃, a blank body is formed by pressing, and the blank body is placed in a carbon dioxide atmosphere with the temperature of minus 20 ℃, the air pressure of 2bar and the concentration of 99 percent for curing for 24 hours to obtain the carbonized hardened material. Wherein the molding pressure is 30MPa, and the dwell time is 1 min.
The properties of the resulting carbide-hardened materials of examples 7 to 9 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
It can be seen from table 2 that the system of the present invention is well suited for use with a variety of different carbonized cementitious materials.
Examples 10 to 13
Mixing magnesium chloride and water according to a mass ratio of 34: 100 to prepare a magnesium chloride solution, and placing the magnesium chloride solution at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for later use;
respectively and uniformly mixing the carbonized cementing material with aggregates with different proportions to form dry mixed materials, uniformly mixing the dry mixed materials with a magnesium chloride solution at the temperature of-20 ℃, pressing and forming the mixture into a blank, and putting the test block into a carbon dioxide atmosphere with the temperature of-20 ℃, the air pressure of 2bar and the concentration of 99 percent for curing for 24 hours to obtain the carbonized hardened material. Wherein the molding pressure is 30MPa, and the dwell time is 1 min.
The mass ratio of the raw materials of each component of examples 10 to 13 and the performance parameters of the obtained carbonized and hardened material are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
It can be seen from table 3 that the addition of the aggregate has little influence on the properties of the obtained carbonized and hardened material, and the obtained carbonized and hardened material has higher carbonization degree and compressive strength under different aggregate proportions. When the mass ratio of the gamma-type dicalcium silicate to the aggregate is 100:30, the obtained carbonized hardened material has the highest compressive strength.
Examples 14 to 16
Mixing magnesium chloride with water to prepare magnesium chloride solutions with different concentrations, and placing the magnesium chloride solutions in an environment of 20 ℃ below zero for later use;
and uniformly mixing the carbonized cementing material and the aggregate to obtain a dry mixture, uniformly mixing the dry mixture with magnesium chloride solutions with different concentrations at the temperature of-20 ℃, pressing and forming the mixture into a blank, and curing the test block in a carbon dioxide atmosphere with the temperature of-20 ℃, the air pressure of 2bar and the concentration of 99% for 24 hours to obtain the carbonized hardened material. Wherein the molding pressure is 30MPa, and the dwell time is 1 min.
The mass ratios of the raw materials of the components of examples 14 to 16 and the performance parameters of the obtained carbonized and hardened material are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
As can be seen from comparison of data of examples 1, 12 and 14 to 16, the addition amount of magnesium chloride has a great influence on the performance of the obtained carbonized hardened material, and the mass ratio of the gamma-type dicalcium silicate to the magnesium chloride is 100: (2.8-6.2), the obtained carbonized-hardened material has high compressive strength. The mass ratio of the gamma-type dicalcium silicate to magnesium chloride is 100: 5.1, the properties of the obtained carbonized hardened material are optimal.
Examples 17 to 21
Mixing magnesium chloride and water according to the mass part ratio of 34: 100, preparing a magnesium chloride solution, and placing the solution in an environment with the temperature of minus 40 to 20 ℃ for later use.
According to the formula of gamma-type dicalcium silicate: aggregate: water: the mass ratio of magnesium chloride is 100:30:15:5.1, firstly, uniformly mixing gamma-dicalcium silicate and aggregate to obtain a dry mixture, then adding a magnesium chloride solution, uniformly mixing at-40-20 ℃, performing compression molding to obtain a blank, and then respectively placing the test block into carbon dioxide atmospheres with the temperatures of 20 ℃, 0 ℃, 10 ℃, 30 ℃ and-40 ℃, the air pressure of 2bar and the concentration of 99% for curing for 24 hours to obtain the carbonized and hardened material. Wherein the molding pressure is 30MPa, and the dwell time is 1 min.
The properties of the resulting carburized and hardened materials of examples 17 to 21 are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5
As can be seen from Table 5, under negative temperature conditions, the compressive strength of the carbonized and hardened material gradually decreases with the decrease of the ambient temperature, but the ambient temperature decreases to-40 ℃, and the compressive strength of the obtained carbonized and hardened material is still higher than the prior level, which indicates that the system of the present invention can be well applied to the negative temperature environment.
Meanwhile, as can be seen from a comparison of the data of examples 17 and 18, the sample has a lower carbonization degree at 0 ℃ than at 20 ℃ but a higher compression resistance degree than at 20 ℃ because: carbon dioxide solubility increases at low temperatures, but Ca2+The dissolution rate is reduced, which leads carbon dioxide to be easier to diffuse into the green body, but the overall carbonization rate under the negative temperature condition is reduced, so that the carbonization degree is reduced, the carbonization area is more uniformly distributed than 20 ℃, and the compressive strength at 0 ℃ is improved compared with 20 ℃.
In addition, the existing research data indicate that the lowest freezing point of the magnesium chloride solution can only reach-33 ℃, but the actual freezing temperature of the solution in the pores is lower than the normal freezing point, so that a liquid phase still exists at-40 ℃ in example 21, which is beneficial to providing a carbonization environment and obtaining a material with higher compressive strength.
Examples 22 to 25
Mixing magnesium chloride and water according to a mass ratio of 34: 100 to prepare a magnesium chloride solution, and placing the magnesium chloride solution at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for later use;
firstly, uniformly mixing gamma-dicalcium silicate and aggregates with different proportions to form a dry mixture, then mixing the dry mixture, a magnesium chloride solution and a sodium polycarboxylate superplasticizer, uniformly mixing the mixture at the temperature of-20 ℃, and directly pouring and molding, wherein the weight parts of the components are shown in a table 6.
After the pre-curing treatment, demolding, and drying the test piece to ensure that the mass ratio of the total mass of the solid phase to the water is 1: 0.06, and finally placing in a carbon dioxide atmosphere with the temperature of minus 20 ℃, the air pressure of 2bar and the concentration of 99 percent for curing for 24 hours. In the pre-curing process, the concentration of carbon dioxide is 99%, the gas pressure is 2bar, the carbonization temperature is-20 ℃, and the carbonization time is 1 h.
The properties of the resulting carburized and hardened materials of examples 22 to 25 are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6
As can be seen from Table 6, the system of the present invention is also well suited for use in the casting process; similarly, the obtained carbonized and hardened materials have higher compressive strength under different aggregate contents, and the carbonized strength of the obtained carbonized and hardened materials is the highest when the mass ratio of the gamma-type dicalcium silicate to the aggregate is 100: 35.
Examples 26 to 30
Mixing magnesium chloride and water according to a mass ratio of 34: 100, preparing a magnesium chloride solution, and placing the magnesium chloride solution in an environment with the temperature of minus 40-20 ℃ for later use;
firstly, uniformly mixing gamma-type dicalcium silicate and aggregate to form a dry mixture, then mixing the dry mixture, a magnesium chloride solution and a sodium polycarboxylate superplasticizer, uniformly mixing at-40-20 ℃, and then directly pouring and molding, wherein the gamma-type dicalcium silicate: aggregate: water: magnesium chloride: the weight ratio of the sodium polycarboxylate superplasticizer to the sodium polycarboxylate superplasticizer is 100:35:15:5.1: 2.
After the pre-curing treatment, demolding, and drying the test piece to ensure that the mass ratio of the total mass of the solid phase to the water is 1: 0.06, and finally placing the mixture in a carbon dioxide atmosphere with the temperature of minus 40-20 ℃, the air pressure of 2bar and the concentration of 99 percent for curing for 24 hours. In the pre-curing process, the concentration of carbon dioxide is 99%, the gas pressure is 2bar, the carbonization temperature is-40-20 ℃, and the carbonization time is 1 h.
The properties of the resulting carburized and hardened materials of examples 22 to 25 are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7
As can be seen from Table 7, the system of the present invention is also well suited for use in a negative temperature environment; similarly, under the condition of negative temperature, the carbonization degree is reduced along with the reduction of the ambient temperature, the compressive strength of the obtained carbonized and hardened material is reduced, and the compressive strength is reduced to 40.8MPa at the ambient temperature of-40 ℃ and is still higher than that of the existing concrete system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes the carbonized cementing material and CO2The carbonization reaction has low temperature sensitivity, the existence of the liquid phase under negative temperature is ensured by introducing the antifreezing mineralizer to control the freezing point of the liquid phase, and the carbonization reaction is promoted by the complexing action of the antifreezing mineralizer, so that the carbonization reaction still can form higher mechanical property under the negative temperature condition.
Compared with most of the existing engineering building materials capable of hardening in a negative temperature environment, the solid raw materials and the liquid raw materials prepared before preparation do not need to take extra heat preservation measures such as maintenance temperature increase and the like, the whole preparation and maintenance operations are carried out at the environmental temperature, the comprehensive cost is low, and the preparation process is simple; compared with building materials under other negative temperature environments, the composite material provided by the invention has the advantages of rapid strength development and extremely high strength in the aspect of material performance, and has good prospects in engineering application in severe service environments such as polar regions and the like.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an artificial rock material suitable for a negative temperature environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing the carbonized cementing material, the aggregate, water and the anti-freezing mineralizer to obtain a wet mixed material;
pressing or pouring the wet mixed material to form a blank body;
carbonizing and curing the green body in a carbon dioxide atmosphere to obtain an artificial rock material suitable for a negative temperature environment;
the antifreezing mineralizer is at least one of magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate, ethylene glycol and calcium chloride.
2. The method for preparing the artificial rock material suitable for the negative temperature environment according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized cementing material to the aggregate, the water and the anti-freezing mineralizer is 100: 0-45: 10-30: 0.6 to 15.
3. The method for preparing an artificial rock material suitable for use in a negative temperature environment according to claim 1, wherein the carbonized cementitious material is at least one of tricalcium disilicate, gamma-dicalcium silicate, monocalcium silicate and steel slag powder; the aggregate is at least one of quartz sand or machine-made sand.
4. The method for preparing the artificial rock material suitable for the negative temperature environment according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized cementing material to the aggregate is 100: 20-40 parts of; the mass ratio of the carbonized cementing material to the antifreezing mineralizer is 100: 2.8 to 6.2; the mass ratio of the carbonized cementing material to water is 100: 15.
5. the method for preparing the artificial rock material suitable for the negative temperature environment according to claim 1, wherein the conditions of the press forming are as follows: the molding pressure is 10-40 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 1-5 min.
6. The method for preparing the artificial rock material suitable for the negative temperature environment according to claim 1, wherein the step of preparing the blank body by casting comprises the following steps: and pouring and molding, carbonizing and pre-curing, demolding and drying the wet mixed material to prepare a green body.
7. The method for preparing the artificial rock material suitable for the negative temperature environment according to claim 6, wherein the carbonization pre-curing process is carried out in a carbonization device, the concentration of carbon dioxide is 20-99%, the gas pressure is 1-4 bar, the temperature is-40-0 ℃, and the pre-curing time is 1-4 h; the solid-liquid ratio of the dried mixture is 1: (0.06-0.15).
8. The method for preparing the artificial rock material suitable for the negative temperature environment according to claim 1, wherein in the pouring and forming process, the raw materials for preparing the artificial rock material under the negative temperature environment further comprise a water reducing agent; the mass ratio of the carbonized cementing material to the water reducing agent is 1: (0.01-0.03).
9. The method for preparing the artificial rock material suitable for the negative temperature environment according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization curing is performed in a carbonization device, the concentration of carbon dioxide is 20-99%, the gas pressure is 1-4 bar, the carbonization temperature is-40-0 ℃, and the carbonization time is 1-24 h.
10. An artificial rock material suitable for use in a negative temperature environment, wherein the artificial rock material suitable for use in a negative temperature environment is obtained by the method for producing an artificial rock material suitable for use in a negative temperature environment according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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