CN113173725A - Efficient concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Efficient concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113173725A
CN113173725A CN202110578497.5A CN202110578497A CN113173725A CN 113173725 A CN113173725 A CN 113173725A CN 202110578497 A CN202110578497 A CN 202110578497A CN 113173725 A CN113173725 A CN 113173725A
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concrete
magnesium oxide
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waterproof agent
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CN113173725B (en
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黄松松
刘洋
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Guangdong Yuesheng Special Building Materials Co ltd
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Guangdong Yuesheng Special Building Materials Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-70 parts of modified magnesium oxide, 10-30 parts of superfine iron tailing powder, 5-15 parts of fluorgypsum, 4-8 parts of quick lime, 1-5 parts of magnesium stearate, 4-8 parts of calcium carbonate nanowhiskers, 5-10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10-20 parts of aluminum slag powder, 1-3 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.4-0.8 part of sodium citrate. The waterproof agent is formed by introducing the components of modified magnesium oxide, superfine iron tailing powder, calcium carbonate nano whiskers and the like and compounding, so that the full-period shrinkage performance of concrete can be compensated, the compactness of the concrete can be enhanced, the waterproof performance is improved, and the cracking and leakage problems of the concrete are comprehensively improved; meanwhile, the product can also make full use of industrial solid wastes such as fluorgypsum, iron tailings, aluminum slag and the like, so that the resource is recycled, and the product has a good application prospect.

Description

Efficient concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to an efficient concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete is a main material of modern buildings, has the advantages of convenient construction, low price, easy obtainment, excellent mechanical property, good durability and the like, but is easy to generate more harmful holes and easily cause leakage when being used as a non-homogeneous material. Meanwhile, cement, as a main gelling component of concrete, has the disadvantages of large hydration heat release, concentrated heat release, unstable volume of hydration products, and the like, and for the reasons, the concrete material may generate phenomena such as drying shrinkage, self-shrinkage, temperature shrinkage, and the like under the influence of the environment, and corresponding stress is brought, and cracks may occur in the presence of limited conditions, thereby jeopardizing the safety and durability of the structure.
The expanding agent is a common additive applied to concrete, can be divided into calcium oxide, calcium sulphoaluminate and magnesium oxide according to an expansion source, and can generate chemical reaction when meeting water, and a hydration product can generate volume expansion so as to compensate the contraction of the concrete and further reduce the cracking risk of a concrete structure. However, the calcium oxide and calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agents have faster hydration reaction, larger expansion energy can be absorbed in the concrete plasticity stage, the real effective expansion energy is more limited, and almost no expansion performance exists in the later stage; the magnesium oxide expanding agent has slower early hydration and continuous expansion capability in the later period, but the early expansion is too slow, so that the early shrinkage of concrete is easily not compensated, and cracks are generated, therefore, how to improve the early activity of the magnesium oxide expanding agent and simultaneously maintain the continuous expansion in the later period is a key technology.
Meanwhile, although the expanding agent can reduce the risk of cracking caused by the shrinkage of concrete, the expansion agent is very limited for reducing harmful holes of the concrete and improving the compactness of the concrete, so that the problem of leakage caused by insufficient compactness of the concrete is difficult to solve.
The prior art scheme mainly focuses on modification of a single material, improves the shrinkage performance, the compaction performance or the waterproof performance of the concrete by various means, lacks of system research, and comprehensively improves the crack resistance and the waterproof performance of the concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of easy cracking and poor impermeability of concrete in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a first solution provided by the present invention is: the efficient concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-70 parts of modified magnesium oxide, 10-30 parts of superfine iron tailing powder, 5-15 parts of fluorgypsum, 4-8 parts of quick lime, 1-5 parts of magnesium stearate, 4-8 parts of calcium carbonate nanowhiskers, 5-10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10-20 parts of aluminum slag powder, 1-3 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.4-0.8 part of sodium citrate.
The preparation method of the modified magnesium oxide comprises the following steps: placing the M-type magnesium oxide expanding agent into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 8-12 min, then sequentially adding natural sodium bentonite and ammonium sulfate, continuously stirring for 50-60 min, and standing for 25-35 min to obtain a lower-layer sediment; heating the lower sediment to 500 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a modified solid; grinding the modified solid until the specific surface area is 280-400 m2Per kg, modified magnesium oxide is obtained.
Wherein, the preparation steps of the superfine iron tailing powder are as follows: drying the iron tailing slag at 100-110 ℃, and ball-milling until the specific surface area is 600-700 m2Per kg, obtaining superfine iron tailing powder; the chemical components of the superfine iron tailing powder in percentage by mass comprise: 12.68-15.80% of CaO and SiO2 39.52～44.32％、Al2O3 2.56～4.71％、MgO 22.35～25.33％、Fe2O36.28-8.42% and the loss on ignition is 9.28-11.35%.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the fluorgypsum is 350-500 m2/kg, in which SO3The mass ratio of (A) is 46.91-49.32%.
Preferably, the calcium carbonate nanowhiskers have a length of 50 to 80 μm, a particle diameter of 0.5 to 1.2 μm, and a needle content of > 98%.
Preferably, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder material is a pure water-reducing powder material.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the aluminum slag powder is 300-420 m2Kg, and the chemical components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3 23.21～27.31％、SiO2 20.75～25.42％、Fe2O3 15.19～18.36％、CaO 15.82～19.25％。
Preferably, the activity reaction time of the M-type magnesium oxide expanding agent is 150-180 s.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a second solution provided by the present invention is: the preparation method is used for preparing the high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproofing agent in the first solution, and comprises the following specific steps: and uniformly mixing the modified magnesium oxide, the superfine iron tailing powder, the fluorgypsum, the quick lime, the magnesium stearate, the calcium carbonate nano crystal whiskers, the aluminum sulfate, the aluminum slag powder, the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and the sodium citrate according to the proportion to obtain the concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is different from the condition of the prior art, provides a high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and a preparation method thereof, and the waterproof agent is formed by introducing components such as modified magnesium oxide, superfine iron tailing powder, calcium carbonate nano crystal whiskers and the like, so that the full-period shrinkage performance of concrete can be compensated, the compactness of the concrete can be enhanced, the waterproof performance is improved, and the cracking and leakage problems of the concrete are comprehensively improved; meanwhile, the product can also make full use of industrial solid wastes such as fluorgypsum, iron tailings, aluminum slag and the like, so that the resource is recycled and utilized in an environment-friendly manner, and the product has a good application prospect.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
For the first solution provided by the invention, the high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-70 parts of modified magnesium oxide, 10-30 parts of superfine iron tailing powder, 5-15 parts of fluorgypsum, 4-8 parts of quick lime, 1-5 parts of magnesium stearate, 4-8 parts of calcium carbonate nanowhiskers, 5-10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10-20 parts of aluminum slag powder, 1-3 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.4-0.8 part of sodium citrate.
Specifically, the preparation steps of the modified magnesium oxide are as follows: placing the M-type magnesium oxide expanding agent into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 8-12 min, then sequentially adding natural sodium bentonite and ammonium sulfate, continuously stirring for 50-60 min, and standing for 25-35 min to obtain a lower-layer sediment; heating the lower sediment to 500 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a modified solid; grinding the modified solid until the specific surface area is 280-400 m2Per kg, modified magnesium oxide is obtained. Wherein the activity reaction time of the M-type magnesium oxide expanding agent is 150-180 s, and the activity time of the M-type magnesium oxide expanding agent in the embodiment is 168 s.
Specifically, the preparation steps of the superfine iron tailing powder are as follows: drying the iron tailing slag at 100-110 ℃, and ball-milling until the specific surface area is 600-700 m2Per kg, obtaining superfine iron tailing powder; the chemical components of the material by mass percent comprise: 12.68-15.80% of CaO and SiO2 39.52～44.32％、Al2O3 2.56～4.71％、MgO 22.35～25.33％、Fe2O36.28-8.42% and the loss on ignition is 9.28-11.35%. Wherein the drying temperature of the iron tailings is preferably 105 ℃.
Specifically, the specific surface area of the fluorgypsum is 350-500 m2/kg, in which SO3The mass ratio of (A) is preferably 46.91-49.32%; the length of the calcium carbonate nano crystal whisker is preferably 50-80 mu m, the particle size is preferably 0.5-1.2 mu m, and the needle content>98 percent; the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent powder material is preferably a pure water reducing type powder material; the specific surface area of the aluminum slag powder is preferably 300-420 m2Kg, and the chemical components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3 23.21～27.31％、SiO2 20.75～25.42％、Fe2O315.19-18.36% of CaO and 15.82-19.25% of CaO. In addition, the limestone, magnesium stearate, aluminum sulfate, polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, sodium citrate and other components can be all selected from industrial-grade commercial products, and are not limited herein.
Further, the functions of the raw materials of each component in the high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent are respectively explained.
1) In the high-temperature calcination process of the modified magnesium oxide expanding agent, ammonium sulfate is decomposed, and the modified magnesium oxide forms a porous structure, so that the specific surface is increased, the early reaction activity of the modified magnesium oxide expanding agent is improved, and the concrete shrinkage is compensated; meanwhile, the natural sodium bentonite loses crystal water at high temperature, and organic matters are decomposed, so that the water retention performance of the material can be improved; natural sodium bentonite and ammonium sulfate are introduced into the preparation of the modified magnesium oxide expanding agent, so that the process production is convenient, the particle contact area of the expansion component and the water retention component can be increased, and the water reserved in the water retention component can be expanded and used by magnesium oxide, thereby improving the later expansion performance.
2) The superfine treatment of the iron tailing powder can effectively improve the activity of the micro powder to play the 'volcanic ash effect' in the secondary hydration, and the superfine iron tailing powder can generate gel reaction with the fluorgypsum, the limestone and the aluminum slag powder to provide early expansion energy, make up the problem of insufficient early expansion performance of the magnesium oxide and improve the early shrinkage performance of the concrete.
3) The aluminum sulfate can improve the early strength of the concrete, improve the compactness of the concrete to a certain extent, and simultaneously generate ettringite with the fluorgypsum to generate micro expansion so as to enhance the waterproof performance of the concrete.
4) The calcium carbonate nanowhiskers are doped into concrete, have a fiber-like effect, generate a drawing-resistant effect under the condition of concrete shrinkage, can absorb partial energy, thereby reducing the generation of cracks, and can obviously reduce the cracking risk of the concrete by generating a synergistic effect with an expansion component.
5) Magnesium stearate is an excellent hydrophobic material, can reduce the surface tension of the material when dispersed in concrete, can block the infiltration of moisture under the condition of meeting water, and can reduce the permeability of the moisture; meanwhile, the hydrophobic property of magnesium stearate also helps to improve the early cracking of concrete. The polycarboxylate superplasticizer and the sodium citrate can improve the working performance of the concrete and can also improve the compaction effect of the concrete.
For the second solution provided by the invention, the preparation method of the high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent is provided, and the preparation method is used for preparing the high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent in the first solution, and comprises the following specific steps: and uniformly mixing the modified magnesium oxide, the superfine iron tailing powder, the fluorgypsum, the quick lime, the magnesium stearate, the calcium carbonate nano crystal whiskers, the aluminum sulfate, the aluminum slag powder, the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and the sodium citrate according to the proportion to obtain the concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent.
The application effect of the high-efficiency concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent is tested by the following specific examples.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the preparation steps of the modified magnesium oxide are as follows: placing M type magnesium oxide swelling agent (with an activity time of 168s) in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 10min, sequentially adding natural sodium bentonite and ammonium sulfate, continuously stirring for 60min, standing for 30min, and obtaining a lower layer deposit; transferring the lower-layer sediment into an aluminum crucible, placing the crucible in a muffle furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a modified solid; grinding the modified solid until the specific surface area is 280-400 m2Per kg, modified magnesium oxide is obtained.
In this embodiment, the preparation of the ultrafine iron tailing powder comprises the following steps: drying the iron tailing slag at 105 ℃, and then grinding the iron tailing slag by using a ball mill until the specific surface area is 600-700 m2And/kg, obtaining the superfine iron tailing powder.
After the preparation of the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder is finished, taking 70 parts of modified magnesium oxide, 30 parts of superfine iron tailing powder, 15 parts of fluorgypsum, 8 parts of quicklime, 5 parts of magnesium stearate, 8 parts of calcium carbonate nano crystal whiskers, 10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 20 parts of aluminum slag powder, 3 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducer and 0.8 part of sodium citrate by weight parts, and mechanically and uniformly mixing the raw material components to obtain the finished product of the high-efficiency concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder are prepared by the same steps as those in the embodiment 1, and after the preparation of the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder is completed, 30 parts of the modified magnesium oxide, 10 parts of the superfine iron tailing powder, 5 parts of fluorgypsum, 4 parts of quicklime, 1 part of magnesium stearate, 4 parts of calcium carbonate nanowhiskers, 5 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10 parts of aluminum slag powder, 1 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducer and 0.4 part of sodium citrate are taken according to parts by weight, and the components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished high-efficiency concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder are prepared by the same steps as those in the embodiment 1, after the preparation of the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder is completed, 50 parts of the modified magnesium oxide, 20 parts of the superfine iron tailing powder, 10 parts of fluorgypsum, 6 parts of quicklime, 3 parts of magnesium stearate, 6 parts of calcium carbonate nanowhiskers, 7.5 parts of aluminum sulfate, 15 parts of aluminum slag powder, 2 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.6 part of sodium citrate are taken according to parts by weight, and the components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the efficient concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Example 4
In the embodiment, the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder are prepared by the same steps as those in the embodiment 1, after the preparation of the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder is completed, 70 parts of the modified magnesium oxide, 10 parts of the superfine iron tailing powder, 5 parts of fluorgypsum, 6 parts of quicklime, 5 parts of magnesium stearate, 6 parts of calcium carbonate nanowhiskers, 5 parts of aluminum sulfate, 15 parts of aluminum slag powder, 2 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducer and 0.6 part of sodium citrate are taken according to parts by weight, and the components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished high-efficiency concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Comparative example 1
The concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent provided by the comparative example has the same parts and preparation mode as those of the example 1 in the raw materials, wherein the modified magnesium oxide expanding agent is replaced by a commercially available magnesium oxide expanding agent.
Comparative example 2
The concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproofing agent provided by the comparative example has the raw materials that the superfine iron tailing powder is replaced by the concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproofing agent with the specific surface area of 200-300 m2The parts of the raw materials and the preparation method of the normal iron tailing powder are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 3
The concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent provided by the comparative example has the advantages that the calcium carbonate nanowhiskers are replaced by common commercially available nano calcium carbonate powder in the raw materials, and the parts and the preparation method of the raw materials are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 4
The concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent provided by the comparative example does not contain magnesium stearate, and other raw materials comprise 50 parts of modified magnesium oxide, 10 parts of superfine iron tailing powder, 5 parts of fluorgypsum, 6 parts of quick lime, 5 parts of magnesium stearate, 6 parts of calcium carbonate nano crystal whisker, 5 parts of aluminum sulfate, 15 parts of aluminum slag powder, 2 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.6 part of sodium citrate in parts by weight, wherein the steps for preparing the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder are the same as those in example 1.
Comparative example 5
The concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent provided by the comparative example does not contain aluminum sulfate, and other raw materials comprise 50 parts of modified magnesium oxide, 10 parts of superfine iron tailing powder, 5 parts of fluorgypsum, 6 parts of quick lime, 5 parts of magnesium stearate, 6 parts of calcium carbonate nano crystal whisker, 5 parts of aluminum sulfate, 15 parts of aluminum slag powder, 2 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.6 part of sodium citrate in parts by weight.
Comparative example 6
In the comparative example, the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder are prepared by the same steps as in example 1, after the preparation of the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder is completed, 70 parts of the modified magnesium oxide, 50 parts of the superfine iron tailing powder, 20 parts of fluorgypsum, 6 parts of quicklime, 5 parts of magnesium stearate, 6 parts of calcium carbonate nanowhiskers, 5 parts of aluminum sulfate, 15 parts of aluminum slag powder, 2 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.6 part of sodium citrate are taken according to parts by weight, and the concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent finished product is obtained after the components are mechanically and uniformly mixed.
Comparative example 7
In the comparative example, the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder are prepared by the same steps as in example 1, after the preparation of the modified magnesium oxide and the superfine iron tailing powder is completed, 70 parts of the modified magnesium oxide, 20 parts of the superfine iron tailing powder, 10 parts of fluorgypsum, 6 parts of quicklime, 5 parts of magnesium stearate, 15 parts of calcium carbonate nanowhiskers, 5 parts of aluminum sulfate, 15 parts of aluminum slag powder, 2 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducer and 0.6 part of sodium citrate are taken according to parts by weight, and the concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent finished product is obtained after the components are mechanically and uniformly mixed.
The performance of the water repellent prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 7 was tested. Relevant expansion, crack resistance and waterproof indexes are detected according to a national standard GB/T50080-2016 common concrete mixture performance test method standard, a national standard GB/T50081-2002 common concrete mechanical performance test method standard, a national standard GB/T50082-2009 common concrete long-term performance and durability test method standard, JC 474-2008 mortar and concrete waterproofing agent, and a GB/T23439-2017 concrete expanding agent, wherein the impermeability is calculated according to the penetration height and is tested according to a standard JC 474-2008 mortar and concrete waterproofing agent; the evaluation of the early cracking performance of the concrete is carried out according to the cracking performance test of a flat plate specified in GB/T50082-2009 test method standards for the long-term performance and the durability of the common concrete, a flat thin plate mould with the size of 800mm multiplied by 600mm multiplied by 100mm is adopted, and 7 crack inducers are contained; the expansion performance of the waterproof agent is tested according to GB/T23439-2017 concrete expanding agent.
Preparing a concrete test block according to the following mixing ratio: 175 parts of mixing water, 185 parts of cement, 85 parts of S95 mineral powder, 60 parts of II-grade fly ash, 777 parts of river sand, 1023 parts of broken stone, 6 parts of water reducing agent and 17.5 parts of waterproofing agent. Wherein the cement is commercially available ordinary portland cement, and the strength grade is P.O 42.5; the mud content of the river sand is 1.86 percent, and the mud block content is 0.15 percent. The macadam is graded continuously by 5-31.5 mm, the mud content is 0.62%, the mud block content is 0.01%, the macadam is used for testing mechanical properties and cracking area, other indexes are used for preparing samples according to relevant standard requirements and carrying out data testing, meanwhile, a reference group without a waterproof agent is also arranged for testing, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003085163510000081
Figure BDA0003085163510000091
As can be seen from the test results in Table 1: the test results of the examples 1 to 4 and the test results of the comparative examples 1 to 7 are comprehensively compared, so that the embodiment added with the high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent has better effect, can obviously improve the mechanical property and the impermeability of the concrete, reduces the early shrinkage cracking area of the concrete, and provides the early and later expansion energy to compensate the shrinkage of the concrete. The concrete test block doped with the high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent has the advantages that the compressive strength ratio of each age exceeds 100 percent, the reduction rate of the penetration height exceeds 50 percent, the water absorption ratio is lower than 70 percent, and the cracking area is also lower than 50 percent of that of the concrete test block not doped with the waterproof agent; meanwhile, the test results show that the modified magnesium oxide expanding agent has remarkably improved expansion performance, a proper amount of calcium carbonate nano whiskers are helpful for early cracking of concrete, and the water-proofing agent is ensured to have excellent expansion, cracking and water-proofing effects simultaneously through the synergistic effect of the components.
The invention is different from the condition of the prior art, provides a high-efficiency concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and a preparation method thereof, and the waterproof agent is formed by introducing components such as modified magnesium oxide, superfine iron tailing powder, calcium carbonate nano crystal whiskers and the like, so that the full-period shrinkage performance of concrete can be compensated, the compactness of the concrete can be enhanced, the waterproof performance is improved, and the cracking and leakage problems of the concrete are comprehensively improved; meanwhile, the product can also make full use of industrial solid wastes such as fluorgypsum, iron tailings, aluminum slag and the like, so that the resource is recycled and utilized in an environment-friendly manner, and the product has a good application prospect.
It should be noted that the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept, and the description of each embodiment has a different emphasis, and reference may be made to the description in other embodiments where the description in individual embodiments is not detailed.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. The efficient concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-70 parts of modified magnesium oxide, 10-30 parts of superfine iron tailing powder, 5-15 parts of fluorgypsum, 4-8 parts of quick lime, 1-5 parts of magnesium stearate, 4-8 parts of calcium carbonate nanowhiskers, 5-10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10-20 parts of aluminum slag powder, 1-3 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.4-0.8 part of sodium citrate.
2. The efficient concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified magnesium oxide is prepared by the following steps:
placing the M-type magnesium oxide expanding agent into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 8-12 min, then sequentially adding natural sodium bentonite and ammonium sulfate, continuously stirring for 50-60 min, and standing for 25-35 min to obtain a lower-layer sediment;
heating the lower-layer sediment to 500 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a modified solid;
grinding the modified solid until the specific surface area is 280-400 m2And/kg, obtaining the modified magnesium oxide.
3. The efficient concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation steps of the ultrafine iron tailing powder are as follows:
drying the iron tailing slag at 100-110 ℃, and ball-milling until the specific surface area is 600-700 m2Per kg, obtaining the superfine iron tailing powder;
the chemical components of the superfine iron tailing powder in percentage by mass comprise: 12.68-15.80% of CaO and SiO239.52～44.32％、Al2O3 2.56～4.71％、MgO 22.35～25.33％、Fe2O3 6.28～8.42％、The loss on ignition is 9.28-11.35%.
4. The efficient concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the fluorgypsum is 350-500 m2/kg, in which SO3The mass ratio of (A) is 46.91-49.32%.
5. The efficient concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calcium carbonate nanowhiskers have a length of 50 to 80 μm, a particle diameter of 0.5 to 1.2 μm, and a needle content of > 98%.
6. The high-efficiency concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polycarboxylate water reducing agent powder material is a pure water-reducing type powder material.
7. The efficient concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the aluminum slag powder is 300-420 m2Kg, and the chemical components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O323.21～27.31％、SiO220.75～25.42％、Fe2O3 15.19～18.36％、CaO 15.82～19.25％。
8. The efficient concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the active reaction time of the M-type magnesium oxide expanding agent is 150-180 s.
9. A preparation method of the high-efficiency concrete expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: and uniformly mixing the modified magnesium oxide, the superfine iron tailing powder, the fluorgypsum, the quick lime, the magnesium stearate, the calcium carbonate nano crystal whisker, the aluminum sulfate, the aluminum slag powder, the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and the sodium citrate according to the proportion to obtain the concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent.
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CN115180866A (en) * 2022-07-06 2022-10-14 武汉源锦建材科技有限公司 Hydration heat regulation type magnesium high-efficiency anti-cracking agent and preparation method thereof

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CN106277916A (en) * 2016-08-19 2017-01-04 桂林华越环保科技有限公司 Building concrete extender
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