CN113649769A

CN113649769A - Spline shaft machining process

Info

Publication number: CN113649769A
Application number: CN202110907223.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢辉
Original assignee: Jiangsu Tongsheng Automobile Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Tongsheng Automobile Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-27
Filing date: 2021-09-27
Publication date: 2021-11-16

Abstract

The invention discloses a spline shaft processing technology in the technical field of machining, which comprises the following steps of 1, roughly turning and finely turning a cylinder into a shaft body; step 2, firstly, drilling the shaft body by using a drilling machine, and then boring the hole in the shaft body by using a boring machine; step 3, cutting a plurality of spline grooves in the hole on the shaft body by using linear cutting; and 4, polishing the inner wall of the spline groove by using polishing equipment, wherein the polishing equipment comprises a base, a positioning unit, a polishing unit and a rotating unit. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the inner wall of the pattern key groove is polished through polishing equipment, so that the control of the surface roughness of the pattern key groove can be guaranteed on the premise that the cost is reduced by using common equipment, and in addition, the adjusting screw is screwed on the mounting head through the thread arranged on the adjusting screw to drive the hinge rod to swing, so that the polishing depth of the polishing block is adjusted, and the spline grooves with different depths can be polished.

Description

Spline shaft machining process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a spline shaft machining process.

Background

The spline shaft is a mechanical transmission type, has the same functions as a flat key, a semicircular key and a wedge key and is used for transmitting mechanical torque, a longitudinal key groove is formed in the outer surface of the shaft, and a rotating part sleeved on the shaft is also provided with a corresponding key groove which can keep synchronous rotation with the shaft. While rotating, some of them can slide on the shaft longitudinally, such as the gear shifting gear of the gear box.

When the existing spline shaft is machined, the used equipment is usually a lathe, a boring machine, a wire cutting machine and the like, and when the equipment is machined, the spline grooves on the spline shaft have the defect of surface roughness, so that the precision of the spline grooves is influenced, and the use is influenced.

Based on the above, the invention designs a spline shaft processing technology to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a spline shaft processing technology to solve the problems that the conventional spline shaft processing equipment in the background art is generally a lathe, a boring machine, a wire cutting machine and the like, and when the equipment is processed, the spline grooves on the spline shaft generate defects of surface roughness, so that the precision of the spline grooves is influenced, and the use is influenced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a spline shaft processing technology comprises the following steps:

step 1, roughly turning and finely turning a cylinder to form a shaft body;

step 2, firstly, drilling the shaft body by using a drilling machine, and then boring the hole in the shaft body by using a boring machine;

step 3, cutting a plurality of spline grooves in the hole on the shaft body by using linear cutting;

step 4, use the equipment of polishing to polish the inner wall of key groove, wherein the equipment of polishing includes base, positioning unit, the unit of polishing, rotation unit, positioning unit installs on the base, and is used for the key shaft the axis body carries out the clamping spacing, the unit of polishing is used for installing the polishing piece and drives the polishing piece horizontal migration, in order to right spline inslot wall on the axis body polishes, can also adjust in addition the degree of depth of polishing piece, the polishing piece can block at the spline inslot, rotation unit is used for driving the axis body and rotates, and the pivoted angle stroke at every turn is unanimous with the contained angle of two adjacent spline grooves.

Preferably, the positioning unit comprises a positioning block fixedly connected to the base, a V-shaped groove stretching along the length direction of the positioning block is formed in the top surface of the positioning block, supporting rollers are horizontally and rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the V-shaped groove, the supporting rollers can longitudinally support and transversely limit the shaft body, a lifting cylinder is vertically installed on the base through a support, a pressing roller is connected to the lifting cylinder in a driving mode, and the pressing roller is tightly abutted to the highest point of the periphery of the shaft body.

Preferably, the polishing unit includes the translation cylinder of horizontal installation on the base, the drive is connected with the installation head on the translation cylinder, the one end that the translation cylinder was kept away from to the installation head articulates there are two hinge rods, the one end that the installation head was kept away from to the piece of polishing and hinge rod is articulated, and two the hinge rod becomes parallel state, adjusting screw is worn to be equipped with by the screw thread on the installation head, the coaxial rigid coupling in adjusting screw one end has the bulb, one of them offer on the hinge rod supply the bulb block, and can free rotation's spherical draw-in groove.

Preferably, the rotation unit includes the servo motor of horizontal installation on the base, the last drive of servo motor is connected with the rolling disc, the rolling disc is coaxial with the axis body, and wears to be equipped with a plurality of slide bars, a plurality of along its axial array level on it the quantity of slide bar, position and a plurality of spline groove phase-matches on the axis body, just can block into the corresponding spline inslot when the slide bar slides.

Preferably, one end of the sliding rod, which penetrates out of the rotating disc, is provided with a limiting ring, and a tension spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, and two ends of the tension spring are fixedly connected to the limiting ring and the rotating disc respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the spline inner wall of the spline shaft is polished through polishing equipment, and then can be under the premise of using common equipment to reduce cost, the control of the roughness of the surface of the spline shaft is ensured, in addition, the threads of the mounting head are screwed through setting an adjusting screw, the hinge rod swings in a driving manner, and then the polishing depth of the polishing block is adjusted, so that the spline grooves of different depths can be polished, through setting a rotating unit, the shaft body of the spline shaft can be rotated, and the polishing block can be polished, and the interference caused by the polishing stroke of the polishing block is avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of a spline shaft processing technology of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure at A in FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a side view of the structure of fig. 1.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1-base, 2-translation cylinder, 3-V-shaped groove, 4-mounting head, 5-hinge rod, 6-polishing block, 7-shaft body, 8-pressing roller, 9-bracket, 10-lifting cylinder, 11-rotating disc, 12-limiting ring, 13-servo motor, 14-positioning block, 15-supporting roller, 16-sliding rod, 17-tension spring, 18-adjusting screw and 19-ball head.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a spline shaft processing technology comprises the following steps:

step 1, roughly turning and finely turning a cylinder to form a shaft body 7;

step 2, firstly, drilling the shaft body 7 by using a drilling machine, and then boring holes in the shaft body 7 by using a boring machine;

step 3, cutting a plurality of spline grooves in the hole on the shaft body 7 by using linear cutting;

step 4, polishing the inner wall of the spline groove by using polishing equipment, wherein the polishing equipment comprises a base 1, a positioning unit, a polishing unit and a rotating unit, the positioning unit is installed on the base 1 and is used for clamping and limiting a shaft body 7 of a spline shaft, concretely, the positioning unit comprises a positioning block 14 fixedly connected on the base 1, a V-shaped groove 3 crossing the length direction of the positioning block 14 is formed in the top surface of the positioning block 14, supporting rollers 15 are horizontally and rotatably connected on the inner walls of two opposite sides of the V-shaped groove 3, the shaft body 7 can be longitudinally supported and transversely limited by the two supporting rollers 15, a lifting cylinder 10 is vertically installed on the base 1 through a support 9, a pressing roller 8 is connected on the lifting cylinder 10 in a driving manner, the pressing roller 8 is tightly abutted against the highest point of the periphery of the shaft body 7, the shaft body 7 is placed in the V-shaped groove 3, the lifting cylinder 10 is started, the lifting cylinder 10 drives the pressing roller 8 to move downwards and tightly abut against the shaft body 7, the shaft body 7 is clamped in the V-shaped groove 3 and can freely rotate, the polishing unit is used for installing the polishing block 6 and driving the polishing block 6 to horizontally move so as to polish the inner wall of the spline groove on the shaft body 7, in addition, the polishing depth of the polishing block 6 can be adjusted, the polishing block 6 can be clamped in the spline groove, the polishing unit comprises a translation cylinder 2 horizontally installed on a base 1, an installing head 4 is connected to the translation cylinder 2 in a driving mode, one end, far away from the translation cylinder 2, of the installing head 4 is hinged with two hinge rods 5, the polishing block 6 is hinged with one end, far away from the installing head 4, of each hinge rod 5, the two hinge rods 5 are in a parallel state, an adjusting screw 18 penetrates through the thread of the installing head 4, one end of the adjusting screw 18 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a ball head 19, one hinge rod 5 is provided with a spherical clamping groove which is used for clamping the ball head 19 and can freely rotate, during polishing, the polishing stroke of the polishing block 6 is firstly adjusted, namely, the adjusting screw 18 is rotated by an external tool to drive one of the hinge rods 5 to swing along the hinge joint with the mounting head 4, so as to drive the polishing block 6 to move, so as to adjust the polishing depth of the polishing block 6, the rotating unit is used for driving the shaft body 7 to rotate, and the angular travel of each rotation is consistent with the included angle between two adjacent spline grooves, specifically, the rotating unit comprises a servo motor 13 horizontally mounted on the base 1, a rotating disc 11 is connected to the servo motor 13 in a driving manner, the rotating disc 11 is coaxial with the shaft body 7, and a plurality of sliding rods 16 are horizontally arranged on the rotating disc 11 along the axial array thereof in a penetrating manner, the number and the positions of the plurality of sliding rods 16 are matched with the plurality of spline grooves on the shaft body 7, and the sliding rods 16 can be clamped into the corresponding spline grooves when sliding, in addition, one end of the sliding rod 16, which penetrates through the rotating disc 11, is provided with a limiting ring 12, and is sleeved with a tension spring 17, and two ends of the tension spring 17 are respectively fixedly connected to the limiting ring 12, When the shaft body 7 is placed on the rotating disc 11, the spline grooves on the shaft body 7 are clamped with one end of the sliding rods 16 penetrating out of the rotating disc 11, so that when the rotating disc 11 rotates, the shaft body 7 can be driven to rotate, after a single rotation of the servo motor 13, the plurality of spline grooves can be ensured to correspond to the polishing blocks 6 alternately, then the cylinder rod of the translation cylinder 2 extends, the mounting head 4 is driven to move towards the shaft body 7, the polishing blocks 6 are clamped into one of the spline grooves and polish the inner wall of the spline groove along with the transverse movement of the polishing blocks 6, when the polishing blocks 6 move to be abutted against the end surfaces of the sliding rods 16, the polishing blocks 6 drive the sliding rods 16 to move towards the outer side of the shaft body 7, further, the polishing stroke of the polishing blocks 6 can be prevented from being influenced, when the polishing blocks 6 return, the sliding rods 16 move towards the direction of the shaft body 7 through the tension of the tension springs 17 and continue to be clamped into the spline grooves, so as to be able to drive and rotate the shaft body 17.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A spline shaft processing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, roughly turning and finely turning a cylinder to form a shaft body (7);

step 2, firstly, drilling the shaft body (7) by using a drilling machine, and then, boring holes in the shaft body (7) by using a boring machine;

step 3, cutting a plurality of spline grooves in the hole on the shaft body (7) by using linear cutting;

step 4, use equipment of polishing to polish the inner wall of key groove, wherein the equipment of polishing includes base (1), positioning unit, the unit of polishing, rotation unit, positioning unit installs on base (1), and is used for the spline axle axis body (7) carry out the clamping spacing, the unit of polishing is used for installing polishing block (6) and drive polishing block (6) horizontal migration, in order to right spline inslot wall on axis body (7) is polished, can also adjust in addition the depth of polishing block (6), polishing block (6) can the block at the spline inslot, rotation unit is used for driving axis body (7) to rotate, and the contained angle of pivoted angle stroke and two adjacent spline grooves at every turn is unanimous.

2. The spline shaft machining process according to claim 1, wherein the positioning unit comprises a positioning block (14) fixedly connected to a base (1), a V-shaped groove (3) stretching across the length direction of the positioning block (14) is formed in the top surface of the positioning block (14), supporting rollers (15) are horizontally and rotatably connected to inner walls of two opposite sides of the V-shaped groove (3), the two supporting rollers (15) can longitudinally support and transversely limit the shaft body (7), a lifting cylinder (10) is vertically installed on the base (1) through a support (9), a pressing roller (8) is connected to the lifting cylinder (10) in a driving mode, and the pressing roller (8) abuts against the highest point of the periphery of the shaft body (7).

3. The spline shaft machining process according to claim 1, wherein the grinding unit comprises a translation cylinder (2) horizontally mounted on a base (1), a mounting head (4) is connected to the translation cylinder (2) in a driving mode, two hinge rods (5) are hinged to one end, away from the translation cylinder (2), of the mounting head (4), the grinding block (6) is hinged to one end, away from the mounting head (4), of each hinge rod (5), the two hinge rods (5) are in a parallel state, an adjusting screw (18) penetrates through a thread of the mounting head (4), one end of the adjusting screw (18) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a ball head (19), and one hinge rod (5) is provided with a spherical clamping groove for clamping the ball head (19) and capable of freely rotating.

4. The spline shaft machining process according to claim 1, wherein the rotating unit comprises a servo motor (13) horizontally mounted on the base (1), a rotating disc (11) is connected to the servo motor (13) in a driving mode, the rotating disc (11) is coaxial with the shaft body (7), a plurality of sliding rods (16) horizontally penetrate through the rotating disc (11) along an axial array of the rotating disc, the number and the positions of the sliding rods (16) are matched with those of spline grooves in the shaft body (7), and the sliding rods (16) can be clamped into the corresponding spline grooves when sliding.

5. The spline shaft machining process according to claim 4, wherein a limiting ring (12) is arranged at one end, penetrating out of the rotating disc (11), of the sliding rod (16), a tension spring (17) is sleeved on the limiting ring (12), and two ends of the tension spring (17) are fixedly connected to the limiting ring (12) and the rotating disc (11) respectively.