CN113648724B - Preparation and microwave treatment method of laser-induced carbon-coated filter screen - Google Patents
Preparation and microwave treatment method of laser-induced carbon-coated filter screen Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a preparation and microwave treatment method of a laser-induced carbon-coated filter screen. The preparation method of the filter screen comprises the following steps: preparing filamentous organic mesh; irradiating the organic mesh with laser to induce the surface of the organic mesh to generate a carbon-coated adsorption layer; the coated carbon filter screen is prepared by using an organic screen wire coated with a carbon-containing adsorption layer. According to the filter screen microwave treatment method, the coated carbonaceous filter screen adsorbed with the recovered pollutants is treated through microwave radiation, and the recovered pollutants adsorbed on the coated carbonaceous filter screen are pyrolyzed and volatilized or separated by high temperature generated by microwave radiation, so that the recovered pollutants are separated from the coated carbonaceous filter screen. The preparation method of the filter screen can compound the carbon-containing adsorption layer on the filter screen to ensure the filtering performance of the filter screen, thereby improving the adsorption treatment effect of the recovered pollutants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser-induced coated carbon, in particular to a method for preparing a filter screen coated with carbon by laser induction and performing microwave treatment on the filter screen.
Background
With the development of society and the increasing change of air quality, the utilization rate of the air filtering assembly is higher and higher. The air conditioner is used as an exchange medium of indoor air and outdoor air, can filter the outdoor air, and is an important tool for ensuring the cleanness and freshness of the indoor air, wherein the filter screen is a key part, and the cleanness degree and the function of the filter screen can determine the cleanness degree of the air replaced by the air conditioner. However, in public places with poor air mobility, such as office buildings, cinemas, shopping malls, etc., viruses, bacteria, etc. are easily spread, and if the filtering performance of the filter screen is poor, the spreading speed of the viruses and bacteria in the whole area is even easily increased, and the spreading range is expanded. Therefore, how to improve the filtering performance of the filter screen is the focus of research.
At present, the glass fiber filter screen is one of the most commonly used, and a compact glass fiber structure consisting of high-strength continuous monofilament glass fibers in the glass fiber filter screen can intercept, adsorb and store dust, waste gas, smoke and the like in air and the environment, so that the glass fiber filter screen has the functions of filtering air and purifying the environment. However, due to the insulating property of the glass fiber, the glass fiber filter screen cannot kill viruses and bacteria attached to and passing through by applying a large current in a voltage manner, and thus has no killing effect.
The applicant finds that the carbon-containing adsorbing materials such as graphene have good conductivity, can generate strong complex reaction with organic recovered pollutants (the recovered pollutants comprise recoverable and reusable recovered substances and pollutants without utilization value), has good adsorption effect, can directly kill bacteria, and fundamentally treats the air environment. Therefore, if the carbon-containing adsorption layer can be compounded on the filter screen, the filtering performance of the filter screen can be greatly improved. However, how to design a method for preparing a filter screen capable of compounding a carbon-containing adsorption layer on the filter screen is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide a filter screen preparation method capable of compounding a carbon-containing adsorption layer on a filter screen to ensure the filtering performance of the filter screen, thereby improving the adsorption treatment effect of the recovered pollutants.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a laser-induced carbon-coated filter screen comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing filamentous organic mesh;
s2: irradiating the organic mesh with laser to induce the surface of the organic mesh to generate a wrapping carbon-containing adsorption layer;
s3: the coated carbon filter screen is prepared by using an organic screen wire coated with a carbon-containing adsorption layer.
Preferably, the organic matter screen wire comprises any one or more of a natural organic matter screen wire, a synthetic organic matter screen wire and a prefabricated organic matter screen wire.
Preferably, if the organic mesh is a natural organic mesh or a synthetic organic mesh, a carbon-containing precursor material is coated on the surface of the organic mesh before the organic mesh is irradiated by laser in step S2.
Preferably, when the surface of the organic mesh is coated with the carbon-containing precursor material, a coupling agent is added into the carbon-containing precursor material to improve the coating performance of the carbon-containing precursor material.
The carbonaceous precursor material comprises any one or more of a non-polymeric carbon material, a synthetic organic compound and a natural organic compound; non-polymeric carbon materials include any one or more of graphite, charcoal and coal; the synthetic organic compound comprises any one or more of polyimide and polyethylene; the natural organic compound comprises any one or more of glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, starch, cellulose and lignin.
Preferably, in step S2, before the organic mesh is irradiated by laser, a quantum dot material is added on the surface of the organic mesh to play a catalytic role in the induction process; and nano-particle materials are added on the surface of the organic mesh to improve the filtering and adsorbing characteristics of the generated carbon-coated adsorption layer.
Preferably, in step S2, the organic mesh is pretreated with a flame retardant before being irradiated with the laser.
Preferably, the coated carbon-containing adsorption layer is graphene reduced by laser induction; the mass ratio of the graphene to the organic mesh is 0.001-0.1.
The invention also discloses a microwave treatment method of the filter screen coated with the carbon by laser induction, which is used for the filter screen coated with the carbon; the coated carbonaceous filter screen with the recovered pollutants is treated by microwave radiation, and the recovered pollutants adsorbed on the coated carbonaceous filter screen are pyrolyzed and volatilized or separated by high temperature generated by microwave radiation, so that the separation of the recovered pollutants and the coated carbonaceous filter screen is realized.
Preferably, the microwave radiation is continuous microwave or pulsed microwave; the microwave frequency of the microwave radiation covers 1 to 10GHz, and the power range is 100 to 1000W; the microwave radiation treatment time is 2-30min.
Compared with the prior art, the filter screen preparation and filter screen microwave treatment method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the carbon-containing coated adsorption layer can be induced and generated on the surface of the organic mesh wire by means of laser irradiation of the organic mesh wire, and then the carbon-containing coated filter screen can be prepared based on the organic mesh wire coated with the carbon-containing coated adsorption layer, namely the carbon-containing adsorption layer can be compounded on the filter screen to ensure the filtering performance of the filter screen; meanwhile, the wrapped carbon filter screen can be applied to the aspects of sterilization, heavy metal adsorption, sewage treatment, water purification, electrochemical deposition, soil remediation, seawater desalination, precious metal extraction, garbage penetrating fluid treatment and the like, so that the adsorption treatment effect of the recovered pollutants can be improved. In addition, compared with the existing preparation method of the graphene-coated conductive glass fiber net, the preparation method simplifies the steps of synthesizing and processing the carbon-containing precursor material prepared by the filter net, and the preparation process of the organic matter net silk is simpler than that of glass fiber paper, so that the preparation process of the filter net can be effectively simplified, and the preparation efficiency of the filter net can be considered on the premise of improving the treatment effect of the recovered pollutants.
In the invention, the recovered pollutants adsorbed on the coated carbon filter screen can be oxidized and pyrolyzed in a microwave radiation mode, so that the adsorption effect of the coated carbon filter screen on the recovered pollutants can be eliminated or weakened, and the recovered pollutants can fall off (namely desorption) from the coated carbon filter screen in a shaking and vibrating mode of coating the carbon filter screen, so that the invention can effectively treat the recovered pollutants, thereby improving the adsorption treatment effect of the recovered pollutants.
Drawings
For purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a logic diagram of a method for manufacturing a filter screen according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a process of laser induced organic matter network according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a macroscopic view of an organic medium mesh before and after laser-induced coating in example one;
FIG. 4 is a microscopic view of an organic matter screen after laser-induced coating in accordance with one embodiment;
fig. 5 is a raman spectrum of the organic mesh after laser-induced coating in the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:
the first embodiment is as follows:
in practical studies, the applicant finds that a carbon-containing adsorption layer (such as a graphene layer) with adsorption capacity can be generated on the surface of an organic matter by irradiating the organic matter (containing cellulose, lignin and the like) with laser, and the adsorption capacity of the carbon-containing adsorption layer is equivalent to that of the existing graphene-coated conductive glass fiber net, so that the carbon-containing adsorption layer can be applied to sterilization and disinfection, heavy metal adsorption, sewage treatment, water purification, electrochemical deposition, soil remediation, seawater desalination, precious metal extraction, garbage penetrating fluid treatment and the like. However, the preparation process of the carbon-containing adsorption layer by direct induction is simplified compared with the conductive glass fiber net coated with graphene.
Based on the above discovery, the invention discloses a preparation method of a filter screen coated with carbon by laser induction.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for preparing a filter screen coated with carbon by laser induction comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing filamentous organic mesh. Specifically, the organic matter screen can be natural organic matter screen, synthetic organic matter screen or prefabricated organic matter screen; such as hemp rope, the preparation method of which is already very current.
S2: the organic mesh is irradiated by laser to induce the surface of the organic mesh to generate a wrapping carbon-containing adsorption layer. Specifically, the laser irradiation may be any one or more of parallel laser irradiation, focused laser irradiation, or defocused laser irradiation; laser scanning is carried out while laser irradiation is carried out, wherein the laser scanning comprises small light spot single scanning or large light spot multiple scanning; the laser scanning speed is 25 to 250mm/s; the laser irradiation light source is continuous laser and/or pulse laser; the wavelength of a laser irradiation light source is 200 to 400nm, the visible wavelength is 400 to 700nm, the infrared wavelength is 700 to 10600nm, and the power is 1 to 20W.
S3: the coated carbon filter screen is prepared by using an organic screen wire coated with a carbon-containing adsorption layer. Specifically, the wrapping carbon-containing adsorption layer is laser-induced reduced graphene; the mass ratio of the graphene to the organic screen wire is 0.001 to 0.1.
According to the invention, the carbon-containing coated adsorption layer can be induced and generated on the surface of the organic mesh wire by means of laser irradiation of the organic mesh wire, and then the carbon-containing coated filter screen can be prepared based on the organic mesh wire coated with the carbon-containing coated adsorption layer, namely the carbon-containing adsorption layer can be compounded on the filter screen to ensure the filtering performance of the filter screen; meanwhile, the wrapped carbon filter screen can be applied to the aspects of sterilization, heavy metal adsorption, sewage treatment, water purification, electrochemical deposition, soil remediation, seawater desalination, precious metal extraction, garbage penetrating fluid treatment and the like, so that the adsorption treatment effect of the recovered pollutants can be improved. In addition, compared with the existing preparation method of the graphene-coated conductive glass fiber net, the preparation method simplifies the steps of synthesizing and processing the carbon-containing precursor material prepared by the filter net, and the preparation process of the organic matter net silk is simpler than that of glass fiber paper, so that the preparation process of the filter net can be effectively simplified, and the preparation efficiency of the filter net can be considered on the premise of improving the treatment effect of the recovered pollutants.
In the specific implementation process, if the organic mesh is a natural organic mesh or a synthetic organic mesh, the surface of the organic mesh is coated with a carbon-containing precursor material before the organic mesh is irradiated by laser in step S2. Specifically, the energy density of laser irradiation needs to satisfy the threshold energy density for carbonization of the carbon precursor.
According to the invention, the surface of the organic mesh is coated with the carbon-containing precursor material in advance, and the carbon-containing adsorption layer can be generated through the auxiliary induction of the carbon-containing precursor material, so that the adsorption treatment effect of the recovered pollutants can be further improved. Meanwhile, compared with the synthesis and treatment steps of the carbon-containing precursor material of the existing preparation method, the process flow of coating the carbon-containing precursor material on the surface of the organic mesh is simpler, so that the preparation efficiency of the filter screen can be further ensured.
In the specific implementation process, when the carbon-containing precursor material is coated on the surface of the organic mesh, a coupling agent is added into the carbon-containing precursor material to improve the coating performance of the carbon-containing precursor material. Specifically, the coupling agent may be a silane coupling agent.
In the invention, the coating performance of the carbon-containing precursor material can be improved by adding the coupling agent into the carbon-containing precursor material, and a carbon-containing adsorption layer can be generated by the auxiliary induction of the carbon-containing precursor material, so that the adsorption treatment effect of the recovered pollutants is improved in an auxiliary manner.
In particular implementations, the carbonaceous precursor material includes any one or more of a non-polymeric carbon material, a synthetic organic compound, and a natural organic compound. Specifically, the non-polymeric carbon material includes any one or more of graphite, charcoal and coal; the synthetic organic compound comprises any one or more of polyimide and polyethylene; the natural organic compound comprises any one or more of glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, starch, cellulose and lignin.
In the specific implementation process, in the step S2, before the organic mesh is irradiated by the laser, a quantum dot material is added on the surface of the organic mesh to play a catalytic role in the induction process. Specifically, the quantum dot material includes any one or more of carbon quantum dots, graphene quantum dots, and graphene oxide quantum dots.
In the invention, by adding the quantum dot material on the surface of the organic mesh, the catalytic effect can be achieved in the process of generating the coating carbon-containing adsorption layer by laser induction, namely, the carbon-containing adsorption layer can be generated by the auxiliary induction of the quantum dot material, and the adsorption treatment effect of the recovered pollutants can also be improved.
In the specific implementation process, in the step S2, before the organic mesh is irradiated by the laser, a nanoparticle material is added to the surface of the organic mesh to improve the filtering and adsorbing characteristics of the generated carbon-containing adsorption layer. In particular, the nanoparticle material comprises TiO 2 Any one or more of CuO, au and Ag.
According to the invention, by adding the nano-particle material on the surface of the organic mesh, the filtering and adsorbing characteristics of the filter screen can be optimized and improved in the process of generating the wrapping carbon-containing adsorption layer by laser induction, so that the adsorption treatment effect of the filter screen on the recovered pollutants is more effectively improved.
In the specific implementation process, in step S2, before the organic mesh is irradiated by laser, the organic mesh is pretreated by the fire retardant. Specifically, the flame retardant may be a phosphorus flame retardant such as ammonium phosphate, polyphosphate, phosphate, organic hypophosphite, or the like.
In the invention, the organic mesh is pretreated by the flame retardant, so that spontaneous combustion of the organic mesh in a high-temperature environment during laser induction can be avoided, and the induction generation effect of the coated carbon-containing adsorption layer and the preparation effect of the coated carbon-containing filter screen can be ensured.
To further illustrate the feasibility of laser-induced generation of coated carbonaceous material in accordance with the present invention, the following tests were performed in this example:
selecting a polyester organic mesh, treating the polyester organic mesh by adopting a flame retardant, coating a PI (polyimide) carbon precursor material on the surface of the polyester organic mesh, performing laser focusing irradiation and scanning induction on the coated carbon by 1030nm picosecond pulse laser, wherein the laser power is 2.0W, and the scanning speed is 150mm/s. The macroscopic physical picture of the organic mesh before and after laser-induced coating is shown in fig. 3, wherein (a) is the flame-retardant polyester organic mesh, (b) is the polyester organic mesh coated by the PI carbon precursor material, (c) is the laser-induced coated polyester organic mesh, and (d) is the comparison of the three states of the polyester organic mesh. And by combining with figure 4, the surface of the organic mesh is obviously carbonized, and a wrapping carbon-containing adsorption layer (carbon wrapping material) is generated.
The raman spectroscopy test of the carbon-containing adsorption layer coated by the raman spectroscopy with the excitation wavelength of 532nm is carried out, and the test result is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the obtained Raman spectrum had distinct peak D (1345 cm-1), peak G (1582 cm-1) and peak 2D (2686 cm-1), wherein I 2D /I G And if the carbon-containing adsorption layer is less than 1, the carbon-containing adsorption layer is mainly multi-layer graphene.
Example two:
the embodiment further discloses a microwave treatment method of the filter screen coated with carbon by laser induction on the basis of the first embodiment.
A microwave treatment method of a filter screen coated with carbon by laser induction is used for the filter screen coated with carbon in the first embodiment; the coated carbonaceous filter screen with the recovered pollutants is treated by microwave radiation, and the recovered pollutants adsorbed on the coated carbonaceous filter screen are pyrolyzed and volatilized or separated by high temperature generated by microwave radiation, so that the separation of the recovered pollutants and the coated carbonaceous filter screen is realized. Specifically, the microwave radiation is continuous microwave or pulse microwave; the microwave frequency of the microwave radiation covers 1 to 10GHz, and the power range is 100 to 1000W; the microwave radiation treatment time is 2 to 30min; the microwave radiation treatment process is in an oxygen-free environment; the oxygen-free environment comprises an oxygen-free gas protection environment such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide and the like or a low vacuum environment.
In the invention, the recovered pollutants adsorbed on the coated carbon filter screen can be oxidized and pyrolyzed in a microwave radiation mode, so that the adsorption effect of the coated carbon filter screen on the recovered pollutants can be eliminated or weakened, and the recovered pollutants can fall off (namely desorption) from the coated carbon filter screen in a shaking and vibrating mode of coating the carbon filter screen, so that the invention can effectively treat the recovered pollutants, thereby improving the adsorption treatment effect of the recovered pollutants.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, while the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Meanwhile, the detailed structures, characteristics and the like of the common general knowledge in the embodiments are not described too much. Finally, the scope of the claims should be determined by the content of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification should be used for interpreting the content of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a laser-induced carbon-coated filter screen is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: preparing filamentous organic mesh;
s2: irradiating the organic mesh with laser to induce the surface of the organic mesh to generate a carbon-coated adsorption layer;
before the organic mesh is irradiated by laser, pretreating the organic mesh by using a flame retardant; then adding a nano-particle material on the surface of the organic mesh to improve the filtration and adsorption characteristics of the generated carbon-coated adsorption layer;
the flame retardant is a phosphorus flame retardant;
s3: the coated carbon filter screen is prepared by using an organic screen wire coated with a carbon-containing adsorption layer.
2. The method of preparing a laser-induced coated carbonaceous filter web of claim 1, wherein: the organic matter screen wire comprises any one or more of natural organic matter screen wires, synthetic organic matter screen wires and prefabricated organic matter screen wires.
3. The method of preparing a laser-induced coated carbonaceous filter screen of claim 2, wherein: if the organic matter mesh is a natural organic matter mesh or a synthetic organic matter mesh, a carbon-containing precursor material is wrapped on the surface of the organic matter mesh before the organic matter mesh is irradiated by laser in the step S2.
4. The method of preparing a laser-induced coated carbonaceous filter web of claim 3, wherein: when the surface of the organic mesh is coated with a carbon-containing precursor material, adding a coupling agent into the carbon-containing precursor material to improve the coating performance of the carbon-containing precursor material;
the carbonaceous precursor material comprises any one or more of a non-polymeric carbon material, a synthetic organic compound and a natural organic compound; non-polymeric carbon materials include any one or more of graphite, charcoal and coal; the synthetic organic compound comprises any one or more of polyimide and polyethylene; the natural organic compound comprises any one or more of glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, starch, cellulose and lignin.
5. The method of making a laser-induced coated carbonaceous filter screen of claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, before the organic mesh is irradiated by laser, a quantum dot material is added on the surface of the organic mesh to play a catalytic role in the induction process.
6. The method of making a laser-induced coated carbonaceous filter screen of claim 1, wherein: the coated carbon-containing adsorption layer is graphene reduced by laser induction; the mass ratio of the graphene to the organic mesh is 0.001-0.1.
7. The method of preparing a laser-induced coated carbonaceous filter web of claim 1, wherein: the laser irradiation comprises any one or more of laser parallel irradiation, laser focusing irradiation or laser defocusing irradiation;
laser scanning is carried out while the laser is irradiated, wherein the laser scanning comprises small light spot single scanning or large light spot multiple scanning; the laser scanning speed is 25-250 mm/s.
8. A laser-induced carbon-coated filter screen microwave treatment method is characterized in that: the coated carbonaceous filter screen according to claim 1, wherein the coated carbonaceous filter screen having the recovered contaminants adsorbed thereon is treated by microwave radiation, and the recovered contaminants adsorbed on the coated carbonaceous filter screen are pyrolyzed and volatilized or separated by high temperature generated by the microwave radiation, thereby separating the recovered contaminants from the coated carbonaceous filter screen.
9. The microwave treatment method of the laser-induced coated carbonaceous filter screen of claim 8, wherein: the microwave radiation is continuous microwave or pulse microwave; the microwave frequency of the microwave radiation covers 1-10 GHz, and the power range is 100-1000W; the microwave radiation treatment time is 2-30 min.
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Effective date of registration: 20220831 Address after: 401123 No. 2, floor 1, building 1, No. 2, Huizhu Road, Yubei District, Chongqing Applicant after: Chongqing Huapu Quantum Technology Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Chongqing Huapu Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Yunnan Huapu quantum Material Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Chongqing Research Institute of East China Normal University Applicant after: EAST CHINA NORMAL University Applicant after: SHANGHAI LANGYAN OPTOELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 401123 No. 2, floor 1, building 1, No. 2, Huizhu Road, Yubei District, Chongqing Applicant before: Chongqing Huapu Quantum Technology Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: Chongqing Huapu Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: Yunnan Huapu quantum Material Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: Chongqing Research Institute of East China Normal University Applicant before: EAST CHINA NORMAL University |
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