CN113647969A

CN113647969A - Method and system for analyzing components of radioactive tracer

Info

Publication number: CN113647969A
Application number: CN202111089497.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵一璋; 叶青
Original assignee: Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-16
Filing date: 2021-09-16
Publication date: 2021-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-16
Also published as: CN113647969B

Abstract

The present application relates to a method for radiotracer component analysis, the method comprising: performing PET scanning on a living body injected with a radioactive tracer to acquire PET scanning data, wherein the scanning visual field of the PET scanning covers the whole area containing radioactive nuclides in the living body, and the radioactive tracer contains one or more target radionuclides; determining total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to at least two or not less than a target number of moments based on the PET scan data; determining a compositional analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides based on the total activity at least two time instants or the total activity at not less than a target number of time instants, the target number not less than a nuclide species number of the plurality of target radionuclides.

Description

Method and system for analyzing components of radioactive tracer

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of radioactive tracers, in particular to a method and a system for analyzing components of a radioactive tracer.

Background

Radiotracers, also known as radiolabels, refer to compounds labelled with radionuclides. Based on the radioactive tracer, various chemical processes, living bodies, etc. can be studied and monitored. When various chemical processes, biological processes, organisms and the like are researched and monitored, in order to obtain accurate results such as lesion positions, product distribution and the like, the component conditions of the radionuclides of the radioactive tracer need to be known, for example, whether other radionuclides are polluted or not exists in the radioactive tracer, for example, the proportion of a plurality of radionuclides contained in the radioactive tracer, and the inaccurate results of the lesion positions, the product distribution and the like caused by impure radionuclides or inconsistent actual proportions of the plurality of radionuclides and preparation proportions are avoided.

Therefore, there is a need for a method and system for analyzing the composition of a radiotracer, which can accurately analyze the radionuclide composition of the radiotracer.

Disclosure of Invention

The present specification aims to provide a radiotracer composition analysis method and system, for a radiotracer containing one or more target radionuclides, by performing a PET scan (positron emission computed tomography) on a living body injected with the radiotracer, acquiring PET scan data, determining total activities of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to at least two times or more than a target number of times based on the PET scan data, and determining a composition analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides based on the total activities of at least two times or more than the target number of times.

One of the embodiments of the present specification provides a radiotracer component analysis method, the method comprising: acquiring PET scan data by performing a PET scan of a living body injected with a radiotracer, wherein a scan field of the PET scan covers the whole area containing the radionuclide in the living body, and the radiotracer contains one or more target radionuclides; determining total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to at least two or not less than a target number of moments based on the PET scan data; determining a compositional analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides based on the total activity at least two time instants or the total activity at not less than the target number of time instants, the target number not less than the nuclide species number of the plurality of target radionuclides.

One of the embodiments of the present specification provides a radiotracer component analysis system, the system comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring PET scan data by performing a PET scan of a living body injected with a radiotracer, the PET scan having a scan field of view at least approximately covering the whole body of the living body over the entire region of the living body containing the radionuclides, the radiotracer containing one or more target radionuclides; an activity determination module for determining the total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to at least two or not less than a target number of moments based on the PET scan data; a component analysis module for determining a component analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides based on the total activity at least two time instants or the total activity at not less than the target number of time instants, the target number not less than the nuclide species number of the plurality of target radionuclides.

One of the embodiments of the present specification provides a radiotracer component analysis apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory device, the memory device storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, perform the radiotracer component analysis method.

Drawings

The present description will be further explained by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail by way of the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not intended to be limiting, and in these embodiments like numerals are used to indicate like structures, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a radiotracer component analysis system according to some embodiments herein;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a radiotracer component analysis system according to some embodiments of the present description;

FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow diagram of a method for analysis of a radiotracer component according to some embodiments herein;

FIG. 4 is an exemplary flow chart of a method of determining a compositional analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to one or more target radionuclides, as shown in some embodiments herein;

FIG. 5 is an exemplary flow chart of a method of determining a compositional analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to one or more target radionuclides, as shown in other embodiments herein;

fig. 6 is an exemplary flow chart illustrating a method of determining a compositional analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to one or more target radionuclides according to other embodiments of the present description.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only examples or embodiments of the application, from which the application can also be applied to other similar scenarios without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Unless otherwise apparent from the context, or otherwise indicated, like reference numbers in the figures refer to the same structure or operation.

It should be understood that "system", "device", "unit" and/or "module" as used herein is a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels. However, other words may be substituted by other expressions if they accomplish the same purpose.

As used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not intended to be inclusive in the singular, but rather are intended to be inclusive in the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that steps and elements are included which are explicitly identified, that the steps and elements do not form an exclusive list, and that a method or apparatus may include other steps or elements.

Flow charts are used in this description to illustrate operations performed by a system according to embodiments of the present description. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in the exact order in which they are performed. Rather, the various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Meanwhile, other operations may be added to the processes, or a certain step or several steps of operations may be removed from the processes.

The radiotracer component analysis method and system disclosed in the present specification can be applied to various radiotracer-related application scenarios, such as analyzing the radionuclide component of a radiotracer, so as to study and monitor various chemical processes, living bodies, and the like based on the radiotracer.

In some embodiments, various chemical processes, living subjects, etc. may be studied and monitored using a radiotracer comprising a radionuclide label, such as by injecting a radiotracer comprising a radionuclide label into a human body to visualize and image a disease lesion. In some embodiments, radiotracers comprising multiple radionuclide markers may be used to study and monitor various chemical processes, living subjects, etc., such as by injecting radiotracers comprising multiple radionuclide markers into the human body to enable the visualization and imaging of multiple disease lesions. During the preparation and use of the radioactive tracer, radionuclide contamination may occur so that the radionuclide in the radioactive tracer is not pure, or the actual ratio of multiple radionuclides may be inconsistent with the preparation ratio due to the residues of the tracer during injection. And inaccurate determination of the radioactive nuclide component in the tracer can cause the problems of misjudgment of disease focus, inaccurate monitoring analysis and the like.

In order to accurately analyze a radionuclide component in a radiotracer, the present specification proposes a radiotracer component analysis method and system, for a radiotracer containing one or more target radionuclides, acquiring PET scan data by performing a PET scan (positron emission computed tomography) on a living body into which the radiotracer is injected, determining total activities of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to at least two or not less than a target number of times based on the PET scan data, and determining a component analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides based on the total activities at least two times or not less than the target number of times, the target number not less than a nuclide species number of the plurality of target radionuclides.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a radiotracer component analysis system according to some embodiments of the present description.

As shown in fig. 1, an application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system may include a PET scanning device 110, a network 120, a terminal 130, a processing device 140, and a storage device 150.

The components of the application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system may be connected in various ways. By way of example only, as shown in FIG. 1, the PET scanning device 110 may be connected to the processing device 140 via the network 120. As another example, the PET scanning device 110 may be directly connected to the processing device 140 (as indicated by the double-headed arrow in the dashed line connecting the PET scanning device 110 and the processing device 140). As another example, storage device 150 may be connected to processing device 140 directly or through network 120. As yet another example, terminal devices (e.g., 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, etc.) may be connected directly to processing device 140 (as indicated by the double-headed arrow in the dashed line linking terminal 130 and processing device 140) or through network 120.

The PET scanning device 110 may scan an object and/or generate scan data (e.g., projection data) about the object. In this application, a target may also be referred to as a target object, a scanning object, or a detected object, and the terms may be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, the target may be a living body or organism such as a patient, animal, etc., or may be an artificial object such as a phantom, etc. The target may also be a specific part of the patient, e.g. an organ and/or tissue. When an object needs to be scanned, it may be placed on the moving platform 114, with the moving platform 114 moving along the longitudinal direction of the PET scanning device 110, and into the scanning region 113. An exemplary PET scanning device 110 may be a medical imaging device, such as a PET device, a PET-CT device, a PET-MRI device, or the like. The PET scanning device 110 may include a detection component 112. After the target enters the scan region 113, the detector assembly 112 can detect radiation events (e.g., electron annihilation events in the target) occurring in the scan region 113. In some embodiments, the detector assembly 112 may include one or more detectors (also referred to herein as detection units). The detectors may be arranged in any suitable shape, such as a ring, an arc, a rectangle, an array, or any combination thereof. For example, the detectors may be arranged along a radial direction of the PET scanning device 110 to form a detector ring. The arrangement of detector modules 112 defines a scan area 113.

The network 120 may include any suitable network that may facilitate the exchange of information and/or data for the PET imaging system 100. In some embodiments, one or more components of the PET imaging system 100 (e.g., the PET scanning device 110, the terminal 130, the processing device 140, or the storage device 150) may communicate information and/or data with one or more other components of the application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system via the network 120. For example, the processing device 140 may acquire scan data from the PET scanning device 110 at a plurality of time instances via the network 120. In some embodiments, the network 120 may be a wired network or a wireless network, or the like, or any combination thereof. The network 120 may be and/or include a public network (e.g., the internet), a private network (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), etc.), a wired network (e.g., an ethernet network), a wireless network (e.g., a Wi-Fi network, a Li-Fi network, etc.), a cellular network (e.g., a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network), a frame relay network, a virtual private network ("VPN"), a satellite network, a telephone network, a router, a hub, a switch, a server computer, and/or any combination thereof. By way of example only, network 120 may include a cable network, a wireline network, a fiber optic network, a telecommunications network, an intranet, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Bluetooth, or the like^TMA network, a zigbee (TM) network, a Near Field Communication (NFC) network, an ultra-wideband (UWB) network, a mobile communication (1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G) network, a narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT), infrared communication, and the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, network 120 may include one or more network access points.For example, the network 120 may include wired and/or wireless network access points, such as base stations and/or internet exchange points, through which one or more components of the application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system may connect to the network 120 to exchange data and/or information.

The terminal 130 includes a mobile device 130-1, a tablet computer 130-2, a notebook computer 130-3, etc., or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the terminal 130 may interact with other components in the application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system over a network. For example, the terminal 130 may send one or more control instructions to the PET scanning device 110 to control the mobile platform 114 to carry the object into the scanning region 113 and to control the detector assembly 112 to receive the data. As another example, the terminal 130 can also receive data transmitted by the detector assembly 112. In some embodiments, the terminal 130 may receive information and/or instructions input by a user (e.g., a user of the application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system, such as a physician) and transmit the received information and/or instructions to the PET scanning device 110 or the processing device 140 via the network 120. In some embodiments, the terminal 130 may be part of the processing device 140. The terminal 130 and the processing device 140 may be integrated as a control means, e.g., a console, of the PET scanning device 110. In some embodiments, terminal 130 may be omitted.

The processing device 140 may process data and/or information obtained from the PET scanning device 110, the terminal 130, and/or the storage device 150. For example, the processing device 140 may acquire PET scan data. As another example, the processing device 140 may determine a total activity of all of the radionuclides within the living body for a plurality of time instants based on the PET scan data, and may also determine a compositional analysis of the radiotracer with respect to one or more target radionuclides based on the total activity for the plurality of time instants. In some embodiments, the processing device 140 may be a single server or a group of servers. The server groups may be centralized or distributed. In some embodiments, the processing device 140 may be local or remote. For example, the processing device 140 may access information and/or data stored in or obtained by the PET scanning device 110, the terminal 130, and/or the storage device 150 via the network 120. As another example, the processing device 140 may be directly connected to the PET scanning device 110 (as indicated by the double-headed arrow in the dashed line connecting the processing device 140 and the PET scanning device 110 in FIG. 1), the terminal 130 (as indicated by the double-headed arrow in the dashed line connecting the processing device 140 and the terminal 130 in FIG. 1), and/or the storage device 150 to access stored or retrieved information and/or data. In some embodiments, the processing device 140 may be implemented on a cloud platform. By way of example only, the cloud platform may include a private cloud, a public cloud, a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an internal cloud, a multi-tiered cloud, and the like, or any combination thereof.

Storage device 150 may store data and/or instructions. In some embodiments, the storage device 150 may store data acquired from the PET scanning device 110, the terminal 130, and/or the processing device 140. For example, the storage device 150 may store motion information of a target object that is previously designed by a user (e.g., a doctor, a photo technician). In some embodiments, storage device 150 may store data and/or instructions that processing device 140 may perform or be used to perform the exemplary methods described herein. For example, the storage device 150 may store instructions for the processing device 140 to perform the methods illustrated in the flowcharts. In some embodiments, storage device 150 may include a mass storage device, a removable storage device, volatile read-write memory, read-only memory (ROM), or the like, or any combination thereof. Exemplary mass storage devices may include magnetic disks, optical disks, solid state drives, and the like. Exemplary removable memory may include flash drives, floppy disks, optical disks, memory cards, compact disks, magnetic tape, and the like. Exemplary volatile read and write memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM). Exemplary RAM may include Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic RAM (DDRSDRAM), Static RAM (SRAM), thyristor RAM (T-RAM), and zero capacitance RAM (Z-RAM). Exemplary ROMs may include Mask ROM (MROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (PEROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), compact disk ROM (CD-ROM), and digital versatile disk ROM, among others. In some embodiments, the storage device 150 may be implemented on a cloud platform. By way of example only, the cloud platform may include a private cloud, a public cloud, a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an internal cloud, a multi-tiered cloud, and the like, or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, a storage device 150 may be connected to the network 120 to communicate with one or more components of the application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system (e.g., the PET scanning device 110, the processing device 140, the terminal 130, etc.). One or more components of the application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system may access data or instructions stored in the storage device 150 via the network 120. In some embodiments, the storage device 150 may be directly connected to or in communication with one or more components of the application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system (e.g., the PET scanning device 110, the processing device 140, the terminal 130, etc.). In some embodiments, the storage device 150 may be part of the processing device 140.

In some embodiments, the application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system may also include one or more power supplies (not shown in fig. 1) connected to one or more components of the application scenario 100 of the radiotracer component analysis system (e.g., the PET scanning device 110, the processing device 140, the terminal 130, the storage device 150, etc.).

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a radiotracer component analysis system according to some embodiments of the present application.

As shown in fig. 2, the radiotracer composition analysis system 200 may include an acquisition module 210, an activity determination module 220, and a composition analysis module 230.

In some embodiments, the acquisition module 210 may be configured to acquire PET scan data by performing a PET scan of a living subject injected with a radiotracer comprising one or more target radionuclides, the scan field of view of the PET scan covering at least approximately the whole body of the living subject over the entire region of the living subject containing the radionuclides.

In some embodiments, the activity determination module 220 may be configured to determine a total activity of all radionuclides within the living body for at least two or not less than a target number of time instants based on the PET scan data. In some embodiments, the activity determination module 220 may be further configured to: determining, based on the PET scan data, a number of true coincidence events of the living body radiation corresponding to the at least two or no less than the target number of times; determining the total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to the at least two or not less than the target number of moments based on the number of true coincidence events of the living body radiation corresponding to the at least two or not less than the target number of moments. In some embodiments, the activity determination module 220 may be further configured to: correcting the PET scanning data to obtain corrected PET scanning data; determining the number of true coincidence events of the living body radiation corresponding to the at least two or no less than the target number of moments based on the corrected PET scan data. In some embodiments, the activity determination module 220 may be further configured to: obtaining at least two or more PET images of the living body corresponding to the target number of moments based on the PET scanning data; determining the total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to the at least two or not less than the target number of time instants based on the pixel values of all pixels in the PET image corresponding to the at least two or not less than the target number of time instants.

In some embodiments, the composition analysis module 230 may be configured to determine a composition analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides based on the total activity at least two time instants or not less than a target number of time instants, the target number not less than a nuclide species number of the plurality of target radionuclides. In some embodiments, the component analysis results comprise: a determination result regarding the inclusion of other radionuclides in the radiotracer besides the target radionuclide, or the content of the plurality of target radionuclides in the radiotracer. In some embodiments, the component analysis module 230 may be further configured to determine a theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide for at least one time instant on the condition that the radionuclides included in the radiotracer include only the target radionuclide, based on the total activity of the at least two time instants and the half-life of the target radionuclide; determining a comparison result of the theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide corresponding to the at least one moment and the total activity corresponding to the at least one moment; and determining the judgment result based on the comparison result. In some embodiments, the component analysis module 230 may be further configured to determine a measure of the half-life of the target radionuclide on the condition that the radiotracer comprises a radionuclide that only includes the target radionuclide based on the total activity at the at least two time instants; determining a comparison of the measured value of the half-life of the target radionuclide to the half-life of the target radionuclide; and determining the judgment result based on the comparison result. In some embodiments, the composition analysis module 230 may be further configured to determine an activity of each of the plurality of target radionuclides corresponding to no less than any one of the target number of time instants based on the total activity of no less than the target number of time instants; determining the content of each target radionuclide in the plurality of target radionuclides based on the activity of each target radionuclide at any time.

For more detailed descriptions of the obtaining module 210, the activity determining module 220, and the component analyzing module 230, reference may be made to fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, and fig. 6 and their related descriptions, which are not repeated herein.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, given the teachings of the present system, any combination of modules or sub-system configurations may be used to connect to other modules without departing from such teachings. For example, the acquisition module 210, the activity determination module 220, and the composition analysis module 230 disclosed in fig. 2 may be implemented by one module to realize the functions of the two modules. For example, each module may share one memory module, and each module may have its own memory module. Such variations are within the scope of the present application.

Fig. 3 is an exemplary flow diagram of a radiotracer component analysis, according to some embodiments herein.

In some embodiments, one or more of the operations in flow 300 may be implemented by processing device 140. For example, the process 300 may be stored in the storage device 150 in the form of instructions and executed and/or invoked by the processing device 140.

As shown in fig. 3, the process 300 may include the following operations.

At step 310, PET scan data is acquired by performing a PET scan of the living body injected with the radiotracer.

In some embodiments, step 310 may be performed by acquisition module 210.

Radiotracers, also known as radiolabels, refer to compounds labelled with a radionuclide, where labelling with a radionuclide refers to replacing one or more atoms in a compound with a radioisotope. Illustratively, the radionuclide may include³H、¹⁴C、¹¹C、¹⁸F、¹³N、¹⁵O, etc., the radiotracer may include¹⁸F-FDG、¹¹C-MET and the like.

The radionuclide designated for inclusion in the radiotracer may be referred to as the target radionuclide. Radiotracers comprising one or more target radionuclides may be prepared by various radiotracer preparation methods.

In some embodiments, the radiotracer comprises a target radionuclide, e.g., a radionuclide¹¹C. In some embodiments, radiotracers that include a target radionuclide may also include other radionuclides in addition to the target radionuclide due to contamination or the like.

In some embodiments, the radiotracer comprises two or more target radionuclides, e.g., comprises a radionuclide¹⁸F and¹¹c, in turn, e.g. comprising radionuclides¹⁸F、¹¹C and¹³N。

in some embodimentsA dose of the radiotracer may be injected into a living body, for example into a human, animal, plant etc. The radiotracer can be involved in physiological processes such as substance conversion (e.g., nucleotide conversion), substance metabolism (e.g., glucose metabolism) and the like in a living body, so that substances (e.g., glucose, proteins, nucleic acids, fatty acids and the like) in the living body can be labeled with radionuclides (e.g., radionuclides)¹¹C、¹⁸F, etc.) so that the radionuclide may be distributed in vivo or in vivo tissue, in vivo organs.

The living body may refer to various living objects such as a human body, a plant body, an animal body, an artificial phantom, a living tissue, a living organ, and the like. In the present specification, a living body used or referred to may be a living body (including a human body, a plant body, an animal body, an artificial body model, a living tissue, a living organ, and the like).

In some embodiments, the radiotracer may be injected into the living body by various means, such as injection, gas inhalation, oral administration, and the like.

Radionuclides in vivo emit radiation as a result of a decay process, for example, a positron that annihilates with an electron from a nearby material to produce a photon. In some embodiments, photons generated by positron emission of a radionuclide as it decays in a living body may be detected by performing a PET scan (positron emission computed tomography) of the living body into which a radiotracer is injected. The data from the PET scan may be referred to as PET scan data.

In some embodiments, various PET scanning devices may be employed to perform PET scanning of a living subject, such as a PET device, a PET-CT device, a PET-MRI device, and the like.

In some embodiments, when a PET scan is performed on a living body injected with a radiotracer, the scan field of view of the PET scan may cover the entire region of the living body containing the radionuclide. Where the scanning field of view refers to a scanning area of the PET scanning device, the scanning field of view may cover the living body or a region of the living body, which may mean that the living body or a region of the living body is located in the scanning area, for example, the living body is placed in a scanning hole of the PET scanning device.

In some embodiments, the scan field of view of a PET scan of a living body injected with a radiotracer may at least approximately cover the living body, e.g., a human body. The at least approximately covering of the scanning field of view over the living body may include the scanning field of view covering entirely the living body (e.g., the living body is placed in a scanning bore of a PET scanning device having an axial length greater than or equal to a length of the living body), or approximately covering the entire body of the living body (e.g., the remaining portion of the living body is located in the scanning region except for a small amount of the hair, nails, etc. of the human body that do not include radionuclides).

In some embodiments, the acquired scan data may include PET scan data of the living subject corresponding to at least two time instants or no less than the target number of time instants.

And 320, determining the total activity of all the radionuclides in the living body corresponding to at least two moments or not less than the target number of moments based on the PET scanning data.

In some embodiments, step 320 may be performed by activity determination module 220.

The activity of a radionuclide may refer to the number of radiation particles, e.g., positive electrons, emitted by the radionuclide. In the present specification, the sum of the activities of all radionuclides in vivo may be referred to as a total activity.

In some embodiments, by performing the PET scan on the living body injected with the radiotracer, the PET scan data of the living body corresponding to at least two times or not less than the target number of times can be acquired, and based on the PET scan data of the living body corresponding to each time, the total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to each time can be determined.

Each time a positron (or beta particle) is emitted by a radionuclide, two photons, also called a pair of photons, are correspondingly generated. In some embodiments, a PET scanning device measures two photons generated by positron emission of a radionuclide using coincidence. Coincidence refers to the selection and counting of coincidence events, i.e., two or more simultaneous events (e.g., two photons detected simultaneously by the detectors of a PET scanning device), in the output pulses of different detectors. Coincidence events may include true coincidence events, which refers to coincidence events where one event has an intrinsic causal relationship to another event, such as where both photons are generated by a positron emitted by a radionuclide.

In some embodiments, based on the acquired PET scan data, the number of true coincidence events for all radionuclide emissions in the living body may be determined, and thus the total activity of all radionuclides in the living body may be determined based on the number of true coincidence events.

In some embodiments, based on PET scan data corresponding to a time instant, e.g., the number of true coincidence events acquired by a PET device corresponding to a time instant, the total activity of all radionuclides in vivo corresponding to the time instant may be determined based on the number of true coincidence events. In some embodiments, the true coincidence event count value may be used as the total activity of all the radionuclides in the living body, and a further calculation may be performed based on the true coincidence event count value, for example, a correction to the true coincidence event count value according to a correction algorithm, or the like, and the result of the further calculation may be used as the total activity of all the radionuclides in the living body.

In some embodiments, due to factors such as ray scattering, ray attenuation, and inconsistency of detection efficiency of the detection unit, there is an error between the acquired PET scan data and actual ray data of all radiation of the living body, for example, there is an error between the number of true coincidence events acquired by the PET device corresponding to a time and the number of true coincidence events generated by all positrons actually emitted by all radionuclides in the living body at the time. In some embodiments, the acquired PET scan data, such as the number of acquired true coincidence events, may be corrected to correct for the aforementioned errors to obtain accurate radiation data emitted by all radionuclides in the living body, such as an accurate number of true coincidence events generated by all positrons emitted by all radionuclides in the living body. In some embodiments, the corrected PET scan data may be referred to as corrected PET scan data.

In some embodiments, the PET scan data may be corrected using one or more of a variety of correction methods, such as attenuation factor correction, coincidence correction, scatter coincidence correction, and the like.

In some embodiments, the PET scan data may also be processed based on a machine learning model, such as a neural network model like NN, CNN, RNN, etc., to obtain corrected PET scan data.

In some embodiments, the total activity of all radionuclides in vivo for each time instant may be determined based on corrected PET scan data, e.g., a corrected number of true coincidence events.

In some embodiments, a PET image may be reconstructed based on PET scan data to obtain PET images of the living subject corresponding at a plurality of time instants.

In some embodiments, the pixel value of each pixel in the PET image may characterize the activity of the radionuclide contained in the spatial volume to which the pixel corresponds. The total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to each time can be determined based on the pixel values of all pixels in the PET image of the living body corresponding to each time. For example, the sum of the pixel values of all pixels in the PET image of the living body corresponding to one time may be used as the total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to the time.

Step 330, determining a result of a composition analysis of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides based on the total activity at least two time instants or not less than the total activity at a target number of time instants.

In some embodiments, step 330 may be performed by the composition analysis module 230.

In some embodiments, after the tracer containing a target radionuclide is injected into a living body, a judgment result about the radioactive tracer containing other radionuclides except for the target radionuclide can be determined based on the determined total activity of all the radionuclides in the living body corresponding to at least two time points.

In some embodiments, the determination result regarding the radioactive tracer containing other radionuclides besides the target radionuclide may include whether the radioactive tracer contains other radionuclides besides the target radionuclide, an increase or decrease in the radioactive intensity of the radioactive tracer caused by the other radionuclides besides the target radionuclide contained in the radioactive tracer, and the like.

For more details on determining the determination that a radiotracer contains a radionuclide other than the target radionuclide, reference may be made to fig. 4, fig. 5, and the associated description.

In some embodiments, after the tracer containing the multiple target radionuclides is injected into the living body, the content of the multiple target radionuclides in the radioactive tracer can be determined based on the total activity of all the radionuclides in the living body corresponding to the determined time which is not less than the target number, wherein the target number is not less than the nuclide species number of the multiple target radionuclides.

In some embodiments, the content of the plurality of target radionuclides may include the content ratio of the plurality of target radionuclides in the radiotracer, the activities of the plurality of target radionuclides in vivo at various times, and the like.

For more details regarding the determination of the content of multiple target radionuclides in a radiotracer, reference may be made to fig. 6 and its associated description.

It should be noted that the above description related to the flow 300 is only for illustration and explanation, and does not limit the applicable scope of the present application. Various modifications and changes to flow 300 will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of this disclosure. However, such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

Fig. 4 is an exemplary flow chart of a method of determining a compositional analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides, as shown in some embodiments herein.

In some embodiments, one or more of the operations in flow 400 may be implemented by processing device 140. For example, the flow 400 may be stored in the storage device 150 in the form of instructions and executed and/or invoked by the processing device 140.

In some embodiments, one or more operations in flow 400 may be performed by component analysis module 230. The flow 400 provides an exemplary method described in 330 that enables determining a determination that a radiotracer contains a radionuclide other than the target radionuclide.

As shown in fig. 4, the flow 400 may include the following operations.

Step 410, determining a theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide for at least one time under the condition that the radionuclide contained in the radiotracer includes only the target radionuclide, based on the total activity of the at least two times and the half-life of the target radionuclide.

As described above, when a radioactive tracer is injected into a living body, a radionuclide in the living body decays with time, and positron is emitted to generate a photon by annihilation. The half-life of the radionuclide is the time required for the radionuclide to decay to half of the original quantity, and the half-life of the radionuclide known in nature can be determined by various inquiry modes and can also be determined by experiments.

In some embodiments, for a tracer containing one target radionuclide for which contamination by other radionuclides is unknown, a theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide for at least one time may be determined based on the determined total activity of all radionuclides in vivo and the determined half-life of the target radionuclide for at least two times, assuming that the radiotracer is uncontaminated, i.e., the radionuclides contained by the radiotracer include only the target radionuclide.

In some embodiments, the total activity of all the radionuclides in vivo for the at least two determined time instants may be equivalent to the activity of the target radionuclide in vivo for the at least two time instants, assuming that the radiotracer is uncontaminated, i.e., the radionuclides contained by the radiotracer include only the target radionuclide. The activity equation can be constructed based on the activity of the target radionuclide in the living body and the half-life period of the target radionuclide corresponding to at least two moments, wherein the activity of the target radionuclide corresponding to at least one moment is used as unknown quantity, the activity of the target radionuclide corresponding to other moments and the half-life period of the target radionuclide are used as known quantity, the unknown quantity is solved, and the theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide corresponding to at least one moment is obtained.

As an example, the total activity of all radionuclides in vivo corresponding to time A is D_AThe total activity of all radionuclides in vivo corresponding to time B is D_BThe theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide at time B is De_BThe half-life of the target radionuclide is T_NEstablishing an activity equation of

Solving the activity equation to obtain the theoretical value De of the activity of the target radionuclide corresponding to the B moment_B。

In some embodiments, theoretical values of the activity of the target radionuclide at a plurality of times may be obtained, so as to obtain a theoretical curve of the change of the activity of the target radionuclide with time.

Step 420, determining a comparison result between the theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide corresponding to the at least one time and the total activity corresponding to the at least one time.

In some embodiments, comparing the theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide at the at least one time with the total activity corresponding to the at least one time determined based on the PET scan data can obtain whether the theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide at the at least one time is different from the total activity corresponding to the at least one time, a difference between the theoretical value and the total activity, a curve of the change of the total activity over time determined based on the PET scan data is different from the theoretical curve, and various related data of the curve difference, such as similarity and other comparison results.

Step 430, determining the judgment result based on the comparison result.

In some embodiments, if the comparison result indicates that the theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide at the at least one time is different from the total activity corresponding to the at least one time, or the curve of the change of the total activity over time determined based on the PET scan data is different from the theoretical curve, it may be determined whether the radiotracer includes other radionuclides than the target radionuclide.

In some embodiments, the result of the increase or decrease in the radioactive intensity of the radiotracer caused by other radionuclides included in the radiotracer in addition to the target radionuclides may also be determined based on the difference between the theoretical value and the total activity, various related data of curve differences, and the like. For example, if the total activity at a time is greater than the theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide at that time, it can be determined that the radioactive intensity of the radiotracer is increased.

In some embodiments, it may be determined whether the radiotracer includes other radionuclides than the target radionuclide based on whether a difference between a theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide for at least one time instant and a total activity corresponding to at least one time instant is greater than a threshold value, or whether a difference between a curve of the total activity over time determined based on PET scan data and the theoretical curve satisfies a preset condition (e.g., an offset is greater than the threshold value). For example, if the difference is greater than a threshold, or the offset of the curve is greater than a threshold, it is determined whether the radiotracer contains a radionuclide other than the target radionuclide. Wherein the threshold value may be determined based on actual conditions or experience.

In some embodiments, theoretical values of the activity of the target radionuclide corresponding to the multiple times are obtained based on the activity of the target radionuclide corresponding to the multiple times, and then the theoretical values are compared with the total activity corresponding to the multiple times, so that interference of noise data can be reduced or eliminated, and the comparison result is more accurate.

It should be noted that the above description related to the flow 400 is only for illustration and explanation, and does not limit the applicable scope of the present application. Various modifications and changes to flow 300 will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of this disclosure. However, such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

Fig. 5 is an exemplary flow chart of a method of determining a compositional analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to one or more target radionuclides, as shown in some embodiments herein.

In some embodiments, one or more of the operations in flow 500 may be implemented by processing device 140. For example, the process 500 may be stored in the storage device 150 in the form of instructions and executed and/or invoked by the processing device 140.

In some embodiments, one or more operations in flow 500 may be performed by component analysis module 230. The flow 500 provides an exemplary method described in 330 that enables determining a determination that a radiotracer contains a radionuclide other than the target radionuclide.

As shown in fig. 5, the flow 500 may include the following operations.

Step 510, determining a measure of the half-life of the target radionuclide on the condition that the radiotracer comprises a radionuclide that only comprises the target radionuclide, based on the total activity at the at least two time instants.

As described above, when a radioactive tracer is injected into a living body, a radionuclide in the living body decays with time, and positron is emitted to generate a photon by annihilation.

In some embodiments, where it is not known whether a tracer containing one target radionuclide is contaminated with another radionuclide, the total activity of all the radionuclides in vivo at the determined at least two times may be equal to the activity of the target radionuclide in vivo at the determined at least two times, assuming that the radiotracer is not contaminated, i.e., the radionuclides contained in the radiotracer include only the target radionuclide. A measure of the half-life of the target radionuclide may be determined based on the activity of the target radionuclide in vivo for at least two moments in time.

In some embodiments, an activity equation may be constructed based on the activity of the target radionuclide in vivo and the measured value of the half-life of the target radionuclide for at least two time instants, wherein the measured value of the half-life of the target radionuclide is used as an unknown quantity, the activity of the target radionuclide in vivo for at least two time instants is used as a known quantity, and the unknown quantity is solved to obtain the measured value of the half-life of the target radionuclide.

In some embodiments, the measurement of the half-life of the target radionuclide is obtained based on the activity of the target radionuclide in the living body corresponding to a plurality of time instants, so that the interference of noise data can be reduced or eliminated, and the result is more accurate.

Step 520, determining a comparison of the measured half-life of the target radionuclide to the half-life of the target radionuclide.

In some embodiments, comparing the measured half-life of the target radionuclide to the half-life of the target radionuclide may result in a comparison result such as whether the measured half-life differs from the half-life, a difference between the measured half-life and the half-life, and the like.

Step 530, determining the judgment result based on the comparison result.

In some embodiments, if the comparison indicates that the half-life measurement differs from the half-life, it may be determined whether the radiotracer comprises a radionuclide other than the target radionuclide.

In some embodiments, the result of the increase or decrease in the radioactive intensity of the radiotracer caused by other radionuclides included in the radiotracer in addition to the target radionuclide may also be determined based on the difference between the measured value of the half-life and the half-life. For example, if the half-life measurement is greater than the half-life, a decrease in the radioactive intensity of the radiotracer can be determined.

In some embodiments, it may be determined whether the radiotracer includes a radionuclide other than the target radionuclide based on whether the difference between the measured half-life and the half-life is greater than a threshold. For example, if the difference is greater than a threshold, it is determined whether the radiotracer includes other radionuclides in addition to the target radionuclides. Wherein the threshold value may be determined based on actual conditions or experience.

It should be noted that the above description related to the flow 500 is only for illustration and explanation, and does not limit the applicable scope of the present application. Various modifications and changes to flow 500 may occur to those skilled in the art upon review of the present application. However, such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

Fig. 6 is an exemplary flow chart of a method of determining a compositional analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to one or more target radionuclides, as shown in some embodiments herein.

In some embodiments, one or more of the operations in flow 600 may be implemented by processing device 140. For example, the flow 600 may be stored in the storage device 150 in the form of instructions and executed and/or invoked by the processing device 140.

In some embodiments, one or more operations in flow 600 may be performed by component analysis module 230. Flow 600 provides an exemplary method for implementing 340 for controlling operation of the plain bearing based on the determination.

As shown in fig. 6, the flow 600 may include the following operations.

Step 610, determining the activity of each of the multiple target radionuclides corresponding to any time in the target number of times based on the total activity of the target number of times or more.

In some embodiments, for a tracer containing multiple target radionuclides, an activity equation may be constructed based on the total activity of all the in-vivo radionuclides corresponding to the target number of times, the respective activities of the multiple target radionuclides corresponding to the target number of times, and the half-lives of the multiple target radionuclides, where the respective activities of the multiple target radionuclides corresponding to the target number of times are regarded as unknown quantities, and the total activity of all the in-vivo radionuclides corresponding to the target number of times and the half-lives of the multiple target radionuclides are regarded as known quantities, and the unknown quantities are solved to obtain the respective activities of the multiple target radionuclides corresponding to the target number of times.

Step 620, determining the content of each target radionuclide at any time based on the activity of each target radionuclide.

In some embodiments, the activity of each of the multiple target radionuclides in the living body corresponding to the time points not less than the target number is determined, and then the content of the multiple target radionuclides corresponding to each time point can be determined.

In some embodiments, the activity ratio of the multiple target radionuclides may also be determined based on the respective activities of the multiple target radionuclides in the living body corresponding to the target number of times, and may be used as the content ratio of the multiple target radionuclides in the radiotracer. For example, the activity ratios of the multiple target radionuclides can be determined based on the respective activities of the multiple target radionuclides in the living body corresponding to any one time, and the activity ratios can be used as the content ratios of the multiple target radionuclides in the radiotracer. The activity ratios of the multiple target radionuclides corresponding to multiple moments can be determined based on the respective activities of the multiple target radionuclides corresponding to the multiple moments in the living body, and an average value is calculated for the multiple activity ratios to obtain the content ratios of the multiple target radionuclides in the radioactive tracer.

In some embodiments, the content of the multiple target radionuclides is obtained based on the respective activities of the multiple target radionuclides in the living body corresponding to multiple times, so that interference of noisy data can be reduced or eliminated, and the result is more accurate.

It should be noted that the above description related to the flow 600 is only for illustration and explanation, and does not limit the applicable scope of the present application. Various modifications and changes to flow 600 may occur to those skilled in the art, given the benefit of this disclosure. However, such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

Embodiments of the present specification also provide an apparatus comprising a processor for performing the aforementioned radiotracer component analysis method. The radiotracer component analysis method may include: acquiring PET scan data by performing a PET scan of a living body injected with a radiotracer, wherein a scan field of the PET scan covers the whole area containing the radionuclide in the living body, and the radiotracer contains one or more target radionuclides; determining total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to at least two or not less than the target number of moments based on the PET scan data; determining a compositional analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides based on the total activity at least two time instants or the total activity at not less than the target number of time instants.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and systems for analyzing radiotracer components that may provide benefits including, but not limited to: (1) the radioactive tracer is injected into a living body, the living body is scanned through PET to obtain scanning data, the total activity of all radioactive nuclides of the living body is determined based on the scanning data, the nuclide component condition in the living body is determined according to the change of the total activity at different moments, and the radionuclide component of the radioactive tracer can be accurately and conveniently analyzed; (2) through injecting the radioactive tracer into the living body, based on the scanning measurement of the PET scanning equipment, the radiation that operating personnel received can be reduced, the operation is more convenient, and the composition of nuclide in the tracer can be confirmed in clinic, the waste of medicine has been reduced. It is to be noted that different embodiments may produce different advantages, and in different embodiments, any one or combination of the above advantages may be produced, or any other advantages may be obtained.

Having thus described the basic concept, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed disclosure that the foregoing detailed disclosure is to be presented by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. Various alterations, improvements, and modifications may occur and are intended to those skilled in the art, though not expressly stated herein. Such alterations, improvements, and modifications are intended to be suggested by this disclosure, and are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.

In addition, specific terminology has been used to describe embodiments of the disclosure. For example, the terms "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various portions of this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined as suitable in one or more embodiments of the disclosure.

Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that aspects of the present disclosure may be illustrated and described herein in any of several patentable categories or contexts, including any new and useful processes, machines, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful modifications thereof. Furthermore, aspects of the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer-readable media having computer-readable program code embodied thereon.

A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein (e.g., in baseband or as part of a carrier wave). Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms, including electromagnetic, optical, and the like, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for execution by, or in connection with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable signal medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C + +, C #, VB.NET, Python, and so forth, conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language, visual basic, Fortran2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP, dynamic programming languages, such as Python, Ruby, and Groovy, or other programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (e.g., through the internet using an internet service provider) or in a cloud computing environment or provided as a service, such as software as a service (SaaS).

Furthermore, the recited order of processing elements or sequences, or using numbers, letters, or other designations therefore is not intended to limit the claimed processes and methods to any order except as may be specified in the claims. While the foregoing disclosure discusses, through various examples, what are presently considered to be various useful embodiments of the disclosure, it is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, are intended to cover modifications and equivalent arrangements that are within the spirit and scope of the disclosed embodiments. For example, while the implementation of the various components described above may be implemented in a hardware device, it may also be implemented as a software-only solution — e.g., installed on an existing server or mobile device.

Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of embodiments of the disclosure, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive embodiments. This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, inventive embodiments lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment.

In some embodiments, numbers expressing quantities or attributes used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the application are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the terms "about", "approximately" or "substantially". For example, "about," "approximately," or "substantially" may indicate a variation of ± 20% of the described value, unless otherwise stated. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters set forth in the written description and attached claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, these numerical parameters should be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the application are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as practically possible.

Each patent, patent application publication, and other material (such as articles, books, descriptions, publications, documents, articles, and the like) cited herein is incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes, except to the extent that any prosecution history associated with the above-described material, material in the above-described material that is inconsistent or contrary to this document, or material in the above-described material which might have a limited effect on the full scope of claims now or later associated with this document. By way of example, the description, definition, and/or use of terms in this document shall control if there is any inconsistency or conflict between the description, definition, and/or use of terms associated with any of the incorporated materials and the description, definition, and/or use of terms associated with this document.

Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments of the application disclosed herein are illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of the present application. Other modifications that may be employed may fall within the scope of the application. Thus, by way of example, and not limitation, alternative configurations of embodiments of the present application may be utilized in accordance with the teachings herein. Accordingly, embodiments of the present application are not limited to that precisely as shown and described.

Claims

1. A method of radiotracer component analysis, comprising:

acquiring PET scan data by performing a PET scan of a living body injected with a radiotracer, wherein a scan field of the PET scan covers the whole area containing the radionuclide in the living body, and the radiotracer contains one or more target radionuclides;

determining total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to at least two or not less than a target number of moments based on the PET scan data;

determining a compositional analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides based on the total activity at least two time instants or the total activity at not less than the target number of time instants, the target number not less than the nuclide species number of the plurality of target radionuclides.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the total activity of all radionuclides within the living organism for at least two or not less than a target number of time instants based on the PET scan data comprises:

determining the number of true coincidence events of the living body radiation corresponding to the at least two or not less than target number of moments based on the PET scanning data;

determining the total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to the at least two or not less than target number of moments based on the number of true coincidence events of the living body radiation corresponding to the at least two or not less than target number of moments.

3. The method of claim 2, the determining, based on the PET scan data, the number of true coincidence events of the living body radiation for the at least two or no less than a target number of time instants comprising:

correcting the PET scanning data to obtain corrected PET scanning data;

determining the number of true coincidence events of the living body radiation corresponding to the at least two or no less than target number of moments based on the corrected PET scan data.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a total activity of all radionuclides within the living organism for at least two or not less than the target number of time instants based on the PET scan data comprises:

obtaining at least two or more PET images of the living body corresponding to the target number of moments based on the PET scanning data;

determining the total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to the at least two or not less than the target number of time instants based on the pixel values of all pixels in the PET image corresponding to the at least two or not less than the target number of time instants.

5. The method of claim 1, the component analysis results comprising: a determination result regarding the inclusion of other radionuclides in the radiotracer besides the target radionuclide, or the content of the plurality of target radionuclides in the radiotracer.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said determining a determination that a radionuclide other than the target radionuclide is contained in the radiotracer based on the total activity at the at least two time instances comprises:

determining a theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide for at least one time instant on the condition that the radionuclide contained in the radiotracer comprises only the target radionuclide, based on the total activity of the at least two time instants and the half-life of the target radionuclide;

determining a comparison result of the theoretical value of the activity of the target radionuclide corresponding to the at least one moment and the total activity corresponding to the at least one moment;

and determining the judgment result based on the comparison result.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein said determining a determination that a radionuclide other than the target radionuclide is contained in the radiotracer based on the total activity at the at least two time instances comprises:

determining a measure of the half-life of the target radionuclide on the condition that the radiotracer comprises a radionuclide that only includes the target radionuclide, based on the total activity at the at least two time instants;

determining a comparison of the measured value of the half-life of the target radionuclide to the half-life of the target radionuclide;

and determining the judgment result based on the comparison result.

8. The method of claim 5, said determining a content profile of said plurality of target radionuclides in said radiotracer based on said total activity at no less than said target number of time instances comprising:

determining the activity of each of the plurality of target radionuclides corresponding to no less than any one of the target number of times based on the total activity of no less than the target number of times;

determining the content of each target radionuclide in the plurality of target radionuclides based on the activity of each target radionuclide at any time.

9. A radiotracer composition analysis system comprising:

an acquisition module for acquiring PET scan data by performing a PET scan of a living body injected with a radiotracer, the PET scan having a scan field of view at least approximately covering the whole body of the living body over the entire region of the living body containing the radionuclides, the radiotracer containing one or more target radionuclides;

an activity determination module for determining the total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to at least two or not less than a target number of moments based on the PET scan data;

a component analysis module for determining a component analysis result of the radiotracer with respect to the one or more target radionuclides based on the total activity at least two time instants or the total activity at not less than the target number of time instants, the target number not less than the nuclide species number of the plurality of target radionuclides.

10. The system of claim 9, the activity determination module further to:

determining, based on the PET scan data, a number of true coincidence events of the living body radiation corresponding to the at least two or no less than the target number of times;

determining the total activity of all radionuclides in the living body corresponding to the at least two or not less than the target number of moments based on the number of true coincidence events of the living body radiation corresponding to the at least two or not less than the target number of moments.

11. The system of claim 10, the activity determination module further to:

correcting the PET scanning data to obtain corrected PET scanning data;

determining the number of true coincidence events of the living body radiation corresponding to the at least two or no less than the target number of moments based on the corrected PET scan data.

12. The system of claim 9, the activity determination module further to:

13. The system of claim 9, the component analysis results comprising: a determination result regarding the inclusion of other radionuclides in the radiotracer besides the target radionuclide, or the content of the plurality of target radionuclides in the radiotracer.

14. The system of claim 13, the composition analysis module further to:

and determining the judgment result based on the comparison result.

15. The system of claim 13, the composition analysis module further to:

and determining the judgment result based on the comparison result.

16. The system of claim 13, the composition analysis module further to:

17. A radiotracer composition analysis apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one storage device for storing instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, carry out a method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.