CN113647385A - 环保溶剂制备方法 - Google Patents
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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Abstract
本发明公开了环保溶剂制备方法,按重量份数称取原料,基础油45‑70份、抗氧剂5‑13份、表面活性剂10‑15份、乙醇5‑10份、促溶剂1‑5份、防冻剂1‑5份;所述基础油采用回收的地沟油;原料预处理,回收的地沟油先进行过滤;过滤后将地沟油与脂肪酶混合,进行水解处理,得到脂肪酸和甘油;步骤3得到的产物再进行酸化和酯化处理,所述酸化处理采用酸性催化剂,酯化处理后得到脂肪酸正辛脂;将其余原料与步骤4的产物,加入混合釜中搅拌均匀;自然冷却后,成品检测后灌装入库。制备简单,通过协同配合,将地沟油回收,进行过滤、水解、酸化、酯化等处理,然后通过搅拌调制出环保溶剂,该溶剂对农药具有良好的溶解度,环境友好,适合推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药制剂技术领域,具体是指环保溶剂制备方法。
背景技术
通常来说,农药剂型主要包括乳油、水乳剂、微乳剂和可溶性液剂,其生产过程中会用到大量的有机溶剂作为溶剂,这些有机溶剂的大量应用带来了诸多问题。有机溶剂在农药制剂产品的应用过程中,对防治作物和环境中都有较大的残留,给农业生产安全和环境安全造成了重大威胁。其次,利用有机溶剂甲醇、二甲苯、甲苯、苯作为溶剂生产农药产品,在生产、运输过程中存在大量安全风险,溶剂在生产应用过程中会对工人造成健康威胁,生产者和使用者均很容易发生频繁接触,而使自己产生苯中毒,并且会造成大气污染。急需一种环保的、安全的,对环境及作物的危害性小的农药溶剂。而且现有的溶剂溶解效果不好。
CN201010559942.5一种替代农药乳油中苯类溶剂的植物源溶剂制备方法,采用植物油对现有技术中的有机溶剂进行替换,CN201210407288.5一种小桐子源农药溶剂的制备方法,通过将小桐子油与甲醇配合,对农药进行溶解,都是通过植物油代替相关的甲醇、二甲苯、甲苯,从而减少对有害物质的使用,但是这些植物油的来源会导致农药溶剂的成本增高,而且这类植物油还需要相关的处理之后,才能进行使用,工序复杂。地沟油是餐饮业废弃的生物质资源。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服以上技术缺陷,提供环保溶剂制备方法。
为了达到上述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
环保溶剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份数称取原料,基础油45-70份、抗氧剂5-13份、表面活性剂10-15份、乙醇5-10份、促溶剂1-5份、防冻剂1-5份;
所述基础油采用回收的地沟油,所述抗氧剂为茶多酚或者生育酚,所述表面活性剂为聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇单油酸酯;
步骤2:原料预处理,回收的地沟油先进行过滤,去除掉地沟油中所含的固体杂质、悬浮物等;
步骤3:过滤后将地沟油与脂肪酶混合,进行水解处理,得到脂肪酸和甘油;
步骤4:步骤3得到的产物再进行酸化和酯化处理,所述酸化处理采用酸性催化剂,酯化处理后得到脂肪酸正辛脂;
步骤5:将其余原料与步骤4的产物,加入混合釜中搅拌均匀,加热温度为35-55摄氏度;
步骤6:自然冷却后,成品检测后灌装入库。
进一步的,所述基础油来源于快餐店、饭店、学校食堂和居民厨房中产生的地沟油。
进一步的,步骤3的水解条件为ph7.5,水解温度为50-60摄氏度,水解5-8h。
进一步的,所述酸性催化剂为硫酸、甲基磺酸、对苯甲磺酸、酸性树脂或固体酸。
进一步的,所述防冻剂为正丁醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、聚乙二醇、山梨醇中的一种或多种组合。
进一步的,所述促溶剂包括氯代甲酯、环氧大豆油酸-2-甲基己酯、正己醇、正庚醇按。
进一步的,所述酸化处理地沟油与酸性催化剂的重量配比为10:1,搅拌加热至80-120摄氏度。
本发明的有益效果为:制备简单,通过协同配合,将地沟油回收,进行过滤、水解、酸化、酯化等处理,然后通过搅拌调制出环保溶剂,该溶剂对农药具有良好的溶解度,环境友好,适合推广;采用地沟油,原料易得、成本低廉,降低生产与使用成本,本身地沟油就需要进行处理,用于本溶剂的制作,使得地沟油变废为宝,产生较大的社会效益和经济效益,不仅能溶解农药,还更加环保,替代传统农药中有毒的笨类溶剂,降低对使用者及环境的危害;表面活性剂,增加乳化效果,减少溶剂的表面张力,对农药起到增溶作用;温热条件下将各组分进行搅拌混合,不但能够提高互溶效果,还有利于提高表面活性剂的乳化效果;抗氧剂有效抑制油的氧化酸败现象,延长农药的有效期;促溶剂更大效率的提高对农药的促溶性,防冻剂使得溶剂的贮存效果更好。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚地理解,下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例一
环保溶剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份数称取原料,基础油45份、抗氧剂5份、表面活性剂10份、乙醇5份、促溶剂1份、防冻剂1份;
所述基础油采用回收的地沟油,所述抗氧剂为茶多酚,所述表面活性剂为聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇单油酸酯;所述基础油来源于快餐店、饭店、学校食堂和居民厨房中产生的地沟油;所述防冻剂为正丁醇;所述促溶剂包括氯代甲酯、环氧大豆油酸-2-甲基己酯、正己醇、正庚醇按;
步骤2:原料预处理,回收的地沟油先进行过滤,去除掉地沟油中所含的固体杂质、悬浮物等;
步骤3:过滤后将地沟油与脂肪酶混合,进行水解处理,得到脂肪酸和甘油;步骤3的水解条件为ph7.5,水解温度为50摄氏度,水解5h;
步骤4:步骤3得到的产物再进行酸化和酯化处理,所述酸化处理采用酸性催化剂,酯化处理后得到脂肪酸正辛脂;所述酸性催化剂为硫酸、甲基磺酸、对苯甲磺酸、酸性树脂或固体酸;所述酸化处理地沟油与酸性催化剂的重量配比为10:1,搅拌加热至80摄氏度;
步骤5:将其余原料与步骤4的产物,加入混合釜中搅拌均匀,加热温度为35摄氏度;
步骤6:自然冷却后,成品检测后灌装入库。
实施例二
环保溶剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份数称取原料,基础油70份、抗氧剂13份、表面活性剂15份、乙醇10份、促溶剂5份、防冻剂5份;
所述基础油采用回收的地沟油,所述抗氧剂为生育酚,所述表面活性剂为聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇单油酸酯;所述基础油来源于快餐店、饭店、学校食堂和居民厨房中产生的地沟油;所述防冻剂为正丁醇、乙二醇;所述促溶剂包括氯代甲酯、环氧大豆油酸-2-甲基己酯、正己醇、正庚醇按;
步骤2:原料预处理,回收的地沟油先进行过滤,去除掉地沟油中所含的固体杂质、悬浮物等;
步骤3:过滤后将地沟油与脂肪酶混合,进行水解处理,得到脂肪酸和甘油;步骤3的水解条件为ph7.5,水解温度为60摄氏度,水解8h;
步骤4:步骤3得到的产物再进行酸化和酯化处理,所述酸化处理采用酸性催化剂,酯化处理后得到脂肪酸正辛脂;所述酸性催化剂为硫酸、甲基磺酸、对苯甲磺酸、酸性树脂或固体酸;所述酸化处理地沟油与酸性催化剂的重量配比为10:1,搅拌加热至120摄氏度;
步骤5:将其余原料与步骤4的产物,加入混合釜中搅拌均匀,加热温度为55摄氏度;
步骤6:自然冷却后,成品检测后灌装入库。
实施例三
环保溶剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份数称取原料,基础油60份、抗氧剂8份、表面活性剂12份、乙醇8份、促溶剂3份、防冻剂3份;
所述基础油采用回收的地沟油,所述抗氧剂为茶多酚,所述表面活性剂为聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇单油酸酯;所述基础油来源于快餐店、饭店、学校食堂和居民厨房中产生的地沟油;所述防冻剂为丙三醇、聚乙二醇;所述促溶剂包括氯代甲酯、环氧大豆油酸-2-甲基己酯、正己醇、正庚醇按;
步骤2:原料预处理,回收的地沟油先进行过滤,去除掉地沟油中所含的固体杂质、悬浮物等;
步骤3:过滤后将地沟油与脂肪酶混合,进行水解处理,得到脂肪酸和甘油;步骤3的水解条件为ph7.5,水解温度为55摄氏度,水解7h;
步骤4:步骤3得到的产物再进行酸化和酯化处理,所述酸化处理采用酸性催化剂,酯化处理后得到脂肪酸正辛脂;所述酸性催化剂为硫酸、甲基磺酸、对苯甲磺酸、酸性树脂或固体酸;所述酸化处理地沟油与酸性催化剂的重量配比为10:1,搅拌加热至100摄氏度;
步骤5:将其余原料与步骤4的产物,加入混合釜中搅拌均匀,加热温度为45摄氏度;
步骤6:自然冷却后,成品检测后灌装入库。
制备简单,通过协同配合,将地沟油回收,进行过滤、水解、酸化、酯化等处理,然后通过搅拌调制出环保溶剂,该溶剂对农药具有良好的溶解度,环境友好,适合推广;采用地沟油,原料易得、成本低廉,降低生产与使用成本,本身地沟油就需要进行处理,用于本溶剂的制作,使得地沟油变废为宝,产生较大的社会效益和经济效益,不仅能溶解农药,还更加环保,替代传统农药中有毒的笨类溶剂,降低对使用者及环境的危害;表面活性剂,增加乳化效果,减少溶剂的表面张力,对农药起到增溶作用;温热条件下将各组分进行搅拌混合,不但能够提高互溶效果,还有利于提高表面活性剂的乳化效果;抗氧剂有效抑制油的氧化酸败现象,延长农药的有效期;促溶剂更大效率的提高对农药的促溶性,防冻剂使得溶剂的贮存效果更好。
以上对本发明及其实施方式进行了描述,这种描述没有限制性,只是本发明的实施方式之一,实际的实施方式并不局限于此。总而言之如果本领域的普通技术人员受其启示,在不脱离本发明创造宗旨的情况下,不经创造性的设计出与该技术方案相似的实施例,均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.环保溶剂制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份数称取原料,基础油45-70份、抗氧剂5-13份、表面活性剂10-15份、乙醇5-10份、促溶剂1-5份、防冻剂1-5份;
所述基础油采用回收的地沟油,所述抗氧剂为茶多酚或者生育酚,所述表面活性剂为聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇单油酸酯;
步骤2:原料预处理,回收的地沟油先进行过滤,去除掉地沟油中所含的固体杂质、悬浮物等;
步骤3:过滤后将地沟油与脂肪酶混合,进行水解处理,得到脂肪酸和甘油;
步骤4:步骤3得到的产物再进行酸化和酯化处理,所述酸化处理采用酸性催化剂,酯化处理后得到脂肪酸正辛脂;
步骤5:将其余原料与步骤4的产物,加入混合釜中搅拌均匀,加热温度为35-55摄氏度;
步骤6:自然冷却后,成品检测后灌装入库。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保溶剂制备方法,其特征在于:所述基础油来源于快餐店、饭店、学校食堂和居民厨房中产生的地沟油。
3.根据权利要求1所述的环保溶剂制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3的水解条件为ph7.5,水解温度为50-60摄氏度,水解5-8h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的环保溶剂制备方法,其特征在于:所述酸性催化剂为硫酸、甲基磺酸、对苯甲磺酸、酸性树脂或固体酸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的环保溶剂制备方法,其特征在于:所述防冻剂为正丁醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、聚乙二醇、山梨醇中的一种或多种组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的环保溶剂制备方法,其特征在于:所述促溶剂包括氯代甲酯、环氧大豆油酸-2-甲基己酯、正己醇、正庚醇按。
7.根据权利要求1所述的环保溶剂制备方法,其特征在于:所述酸化处理地沟油与酸性催化剂的重量配比为10:1,搅拌加热至80-120摄氏度。
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