CN113644763B - Electromagnetic design method for high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor with increased inductance - Google Patents
Electromagnetic design method for high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor with increased inductance Download PDFInfo
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- CN113644763B CN113644763B CN202110625915.1A CN202110625915A CN113644763B CN 113644763 B CN113644763 B CN 113644763B CN 202110625915 A CN202110625915 A CN 202110625915A CN 113644763 B CN113644763 B CN 113644763B
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- permanent magnet
- magnet synchronous
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- synchronous motor
- inductance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
- H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/48—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure in slots
- H02K3/487—Slot-closing devices
- H02K3/493—Slot-closing devices magnetic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Abstract
The invention relates to an electromagnetic design method of a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor for increasing inductance, which comprises the following steps: calculating the armature reaction inductance of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor; calculating the stator current; calculating the waveform distortion rate of the stator current; solving the inductance of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor needing to be increased; the magnetic wedge material to be used is determined. The invention can increase the inhibition capability of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor to the high-frequency harmonic current of the stator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electromagnetic design method of a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor for increasing inductance.
Background
The rotor of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor is in a high-speed rotating state, and the high rotating speed and the high conductivity of the permanent magnet of the rotor enable the eddy current loss of the permanent magnet to become one of main losses of the high-speed motor. For this reason, it is necessary to reduce eddy current loss of the permanent magnet at the motor design stage. For a permanent magnet synchronous motor powered by a frequency converter, high-frequency harmonic current of a stator is a main cause for generating eddy current loss of a permanent magnet. The number of turns of the motor is usually small in the design of the high-speed motor, so that the inductance of the high-speed motor is small. The small inductance is not beneficial to filtering high-frequency harmonic current of the stator, and the high-frequency harmonic current of the stator of the high-speed motor is usually suppressed by connecting reactors in series. This however clearly increases the cost and bulk of the motor.
Based on the reasons, the invention provides the electromagnetic design method of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor for increasing the inductance, the design method can increase the inductance of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor from the design link, and meanwhile, the size of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor is not increased. The method has extremely high engineering value and practical engineering significance for the design of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic design scheme for increasing the inductance of a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the inhibition capability of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor on the high-frequency harmonic current of a stator is increased. The technical scheme is as follows:
an electromagnetic design method of a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor for increasing inductance comprises a rotor permanent magnet protected by a sheath and a stator core provided with stator slots, wherein adjacent stator slots form stator teeth, stator windings are wound on the stator teeth, and the stator windings are fixed in the stator slots through magnetic slot wedges, and is characterized in that the electromagnetic design method comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the armature reaction inductance of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor:
wherein L ismFor motor armature reaction inductance, mu0For vacuum permeability, N is the number of winding turns, ky1Is the short-pitch coefficient of the winding, kq1Is the winding distribution coefficient, /)efIs the axial length of the motor;
(2) setting the inductance needed to increase the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor to be LsAnd calculating the stator current:
wherein, UkSupply voltage k subharmonic, f for frequency converterkIs the k harmonic frequency, k 1,2, 3.;
(3) calculating the distortion rate of the stator current waveform:
(4) solving the inductance L of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor needing to be increased according to the current waveform distortion calculated in the step (3)s；
(5) Determining the magnetic wedge material to be used:
if L iss>3LmSelecting a magnetic slot wedge material with the iron powder granularity of 400;
if 2Lm<Ls<3LmSelecting a magnetic slot wedge material with the iron powder granularity of 300;
if L ism<Ls<2LmSelecting a magnetic slot wedge material with the iron powder granularity of 200;
if L iss<LmThen the magnetic wedge material with 100-iron powder granularity is selected.
The invention is applied to increasing the electromagnetic design of the high-speed permanent magnet motor, and has the following advantages:
1. the inductance of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor is increased, so that the high-frequency harmonic current of the stator of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor is reduced, and the loss of the rotor is reduced.
2. Without significantly increasing the cost of the motor.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor;
fig. 2 shows the distribution of magnetic lines.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are explained and illustrated below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1, as shown in figure 1. The high speed permanent magnet synchronous machine comprises rotor permanent magnets 5, which are protected by a sheath 4. The stator comprises a stator core 1, wherein the stator core is provided with stator slots, and adjacent stator slots form stator teeth. Stator winding 2 is wound on the stator teeth. The stator winding is fixed in the stator slot through the magnetic slot wedge 3, and the magnetic slot wedge 3 increases the slot leakage inductance of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor, so that the inductance of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor is increased. In the design method provided by the embodiment, different magnetic slot wedge materials are selected, and the inductance value of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor can be increased by 300% at most.
To select a suitable magnetic slot wedge material, the armature reaction inductance of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous machine should first be calculated.
In order to obtain the armature reaction inductance, the size of the flux linkage linked by the winding when the unit armature current acts alone needs to be calculated according to the definition of the inductance. As can be seen from the distribution of magnetic field lines in fig. 2, the lengths of the magnetic field lines at different θ, i.e., the equivalent air gap lengths, are different. Therefore, the space function expression of the magnetomotive force is considered, the equivalent air gap lengths at different positions are calculated, the size of the flux linkage and the armature reaction inductance of each phase of winding link is further solved, and the detailed solving process is shown as follows.
In the coordinate system of fig. 2, when the amplitude of the synthetic magnetomotive force is located on the Y-axis, the spatial expression of the fundamental magnetomotive force is:
F(θ)＝F1 sin(θ)
in the formula, F1Is the fundamental wave magnetomotive force amplitude, p is the pole pair number of the motor, N is the total number of turns of one-phase series connection, Kdp1The fundamental wave winding coefficient is shown, and I is the effective value of the armature phase current.
As can be seen from the distribution of the armature reaction magnetic force lines passing through the vacuum region where the permanent magnet is located in fig. 2, when θ takes values of 0 ° and 180 °, the air gap equivalent length is 0, which is the minimum value; when the value of theta is 90 degrees, the equivalent length of the air gap is R, which is the maximum value, and the equivalent air gaps at different positions are as follows:
δ(θ)＝R sin(θ)
wherein R represents the stator inner surface radius. The distribution function of the air gap permeance per axial length of the machine in the coordinate system of fig. 2 is then:
the fundamental flux linkage of each phase winding linkage is:
according to the inductance definition, the armature reaction inductance is:
wherein L ismInductance, μ, for armature reaction of an electric machine0Is the vacuum permeability, ky1Is the short pitch coefficient of the winding, kq1Is the winding distribution coefficient, /)efIs the axial length of the motor;
the calculation assumes that the electromagnetic design needs to increase the inductance of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor to be LsThen the stator current is:
wherein, UkSupply voltage k harmonic, f for frequency converterkIs the k-th harmonic frequency, k 1,2,3.
Calculating the distortion rate of the stator current waveform as follows:
according to the current waveform distortion rate of the set design target, the inductance L of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor needing to be increased in the electromagnetic design is solved by combining the two formulass。
Magnetic slot wedge material for judging use
If L iss>3LmSelecting a magnetic slot wedge material with the iron powder granularity of 400;
if 2Lm<Ls<3LmSelecting a magnetic slot wedge material with the iron powder granularity of 300;
if L ism<Ls<2LmSelecting a magnetic slot wedge material with the iron powder granularity of 200;
if L iss<LmThen the magnetic wedge material with 100-iron powder granularity is selected.
Claims (2)
1. The electromagnetic design method of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor for increasing the inductance comprises a rotor permanent magnet protected by a sheath and a stator core provided with stator slots, wherein adjacent stator slots form stator teeth, stator windings are wound on the stator teeth and fixed in the stator slots through magnetic slot wedges, and the electromagnetic design method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) calculating armature reaction inductance L of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motorm；
(2) Setting the inductance needed to increase the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor to be LsThen stator current Ik：
Wherein, UkSupply voltage k harmonic, f for frequency converterkIs the k harmonic frequency, k 1,2, 3.;
(3) stator current waveform distortion rate:
(4) solving the inductance L of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor to be increased according to the current waveform distortion rate of the set design target and two formulas in the steps (2) and (3) in a simultaneous manners；
(5) Determining the magnetic wedge material to be used:
if L iss>3LmSelecting a magnetic slot wedge material with the iron powder granularity of 400;
if 2Lm<Ls<3LmSelecting a magnetic slot wedge material with the iron powder granularity of 300;
if L ism<Ls<2LmSelecting a magnetic slot wedge material with the iron powder granularity of 200;
if L iss<LmThen the magnetic wedge material with 100-iron powder granularity is selected.
2. The electromagnetic design method of claim 1, wherein, in step (1),
wherein L ismFor motor armature reaction inductance, mu0For vacuum permeability, N is the number of winding turns, ky1Is the short-pitch coefficient of the winding, kq1Is the winding distribution coefficient, /)efIs the axial length of the motor.
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| CN113644763B true CN113644763B (en) | 2022-07-01 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08214484A (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1996-08-20 | Toshiba Corp | Manufacture of stator for flat type motor |
| CN2512149Y (en) * | 2001-11-03 | 2002-09-18 | 王保钢 | Magnetic wedge |
| JP2010081715A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-04-08 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial System Corp | Rotary electric machine |
| CN104410178A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 北京曙光航空电气有限责任公司 | Stator core slot structure of aviation permanent-magnet synchronous alternating-current generator |
| WO2019082488A1 (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2019-05-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Rotary electric machine and electrical motor vehicle provided with same |
| CN112395749A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-23 | 天津大学 | Method for designing inductance of two-pole permanent magnet solid rotor motor based on flux linkage integral method |
-
2021
- 2021-06-04 CN CN202110625915.1A patent/CN113644763B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08214484A (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1996-08-20 | Toshiba Corp | Manufacture of stator for flat type motor |
| CN2512149Y (en) * | 2001-11-03 | 2002-09-18 | 王保钢 | Magnetic wedge |
| JP2010081715A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-04-08 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial System Corp | Rotary electric machine |
| CN104410178A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 北京曙光航空电气有限责任公司 | Stator core slot structure of aviation permanent-magnet synchronous alternating-current generator |
| WO2019082488A1 (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2019-05-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Rotary electric machine and electrical motor vehicle provided with same |
| CN112395749A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-23 | 天津大学 | Method for designing inductance of two-pole permanent magnet solid rotor motor based on flux linkage integral method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 多相感应电机铁耗分析的研究;贾连涛;《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(硕士) 工程科技Ⅱ辑》;20200315;全文 * |
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