CN113644536A - High-vibration-resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser - Google Patents
High-vibration-resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN113644536A CN113644536A CN202110772310.5A CN202110772310A CN113644536A CN 113644536 A CN113644536 A CN 113644536A CN 202110772310 A CN202110772310 A CN 202110772310A CN 113644536 A CN113644536 A CN 113644536A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
- H01S3/09415—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode the pumping beam being parallel to the lasing mode of the pumped medium, e.g. end-pumping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
- H01S3/0057—Temporal shaping, e.g. pulse compression, frequency chirping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S3/0405—Conductive cooling, e.g. by heat sinks or thermo-electric elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S3/042—Arrangements for thermal management for solid state lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/10061—Polarization control
Abstract
The invention provides a high-vibration-resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser which comprises a pumping coupling module and a laser oscillation module arranged on the upper layer of the pumping coupling module, wherein the pumping coupling module comprises a laser diode barpile, a waveguide shaping device, a cylindrical mirror, a second quarter-wave plate, a convex lens, a dove prism and a second 45-degree dichroscope, and the laser oscillation module comprises a Porro prism, a compensation wave plate, a laser crystal, a first 45-degree dichroscope, a 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter, a first quarter-wave plate, an electro-optic crystal and an output mirror. The laser oscillation module is arranged on the upper layer of the pump coupling module, so that the volume of the laser is reduced; the compressed pump light is changed into elliptical polarized light to inhibit the thermotropic double refraction depolarization effect of isotropic crystals; the laser oscillation module is a self-consistent laser oscillation cavity, and has self-correct capability in the x and y directions, larger anti-vibration tolerance and larger angle compensation range; and arranging a thermal control module for heat conduction temperature control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of basic electric elements, in particular to a high-vibration-resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser.
Background
The laser of Laser Diode (LD) end-pumping has the characteristics of high beam quality, high repetition frequency, high peak power, narrow pulse width and long service life, is always a research focus and a hot spot in the field of solid laser, and is widely applied to the fields of atmospheric laser radar, ocean exploration laser radar, laser guidance and the like. With the development of application requirements, a laser having high beam quality (near diffraction limit) and capable of outputting high repetition frequency laser is gradually replacing a traditional laser having low repetition frequency and large energy, and the laser realizing the indexes is mainly end-pumped, and simultaneously, the requirements of miniaturization and high mechanical environment adaptability are provided for the laser. Conventional end-pumped lasers usually employ optical lenses as resonator mirrors, and combine LD fiber-coupled pumping with Q-switched technology (pulse modulation).
The end-pumped laser means that pumping laser is focused on the surface of a slab crystal through a coupling system, oscillation light and the pumping light are transmitted along the same direction, and generally the end-pumped laser consists of a pumping coupling module, an oscillator module and a Q-switching module, and the output index of the laser and the volume of the laser are jointly determined among the pumping coupling module, the oscillator module and the Q-switching module. The pumping module has two modes of optical fiber coupling and bar-stack coupling, wherein the optical fiber coupling refers to that the LD emits pumping light which is focused on an optical fiber and then enters the end face of the crystal, and the bar-stack coupling refers to that the LD array is coupled to the end face of the crystal through a lens space; the oscillator module is divided into an optical cavity mirror cavity and an optical prism cavity, wherein the optical cavity mirror refers to a laser resonant cavity formed by taking an optical lens as a resonant cavity mirror, and the optical prism cavity refers to a laser resonant cavity formed by taking the optical prism cavity as a resonant cavity mirror; the Q-switched module comprises an acousto-optic Q-switched module and an electro-optic Q-switched module, wherein the acousto-optic Q-switched module is used for realizing laser deflection by adopting acousto-optic crystals through sound field diffraction to realize Q switching, and the electro-optic Q-switched module is used for realizing Q switching by adopting the electro-optic crystals through phase modulation combined with a polaroid.
The existing end-pumped laser has a relatively large volume, which is larger than that of a laser head adopting a barpile coupling and adopting an optical fiber coupling, and particularly, the size of the laser with the output peak power larger than 1MW is generally larger than 300 multiplied by 120 multiplied by 80mm3. And an optical lens is usually adopted as a resonant end mirror, so that the laser has poor mechanical environment adaptability and is difficult to meet the use environment with high impact and high vibration. The use of conventional end-pump lasers in lidar, laser guided environments is therefore greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-vibration-resistance KHz miniaturized laser, aiming at solving the problems that the mechanical environment adaptability of the existing laser is poor and the use environment with high impact and high vibration is difficult to meet, wherein the volume of the laser is reduced by arranging a laser oscillation module on the upper layer of a pump coupling module; the compressed pump light is changed into elliptical polarized light to inhibit the thermotropic double refraction depolarization effect of isotropic crystals; the laser oscillation module is a self-consistent laser oscillation cavity, has self-correct capability in the x and y directions, has larger anti-vibration tolerance and has larger angle compensation range (more than or equal to 5 degrees); and arranging a thermal control module for heat conduction temperature control. The invention has the advantages of high output light beam quality, high output peak power, small volume, multiple frequency kilohertz, narrow pulse width, high integration level, high efficiency, wide temperature range, and the like.
The invention provides a high vibration resistance KHz miniaturized laser, which comprises a pump coupling module and a laser oscillation module arranged on the upper layer of the pump coupling module;
the pump coupling module is used for generating pump light, compressing the pump light, changing the polarization state and converging the pump light for output, and the laser oscillation module is used for receiving the pump light output by the pump coupling module and outputting laser beams after the pump light oscillates.
The invention relates to a high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser, which is preferably used as a laser,
the laser oscillation module comprises a Paul prism, a compensation wave plate, a laser crystal, a first 45-degree two-phase mirror, a 45-degree polarization flat beam splitter, a first quarter wave plate, an electro-optic crystal and an output mirror which are sequentially connected in an optical mode;
the first 45-degree dichromatic mirror is arranged on the pump light output side of the pump coupling module;
the cavity of the laser oscillation module is a U-shaped cavity, the first 45-degree dichroscope forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the output light path of the laser crystal, and the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the output light path of the first 45-degree dichroscope;
the ridge line of the Porro prism and the installation surface of the laser form an included angle of 45 degrees so that the laser can be self-aligned in both x and y directions, the compensation wave plate is used for compensating depolarization loss caused by the Porro prism, the first 45-degree dichroic mirror and the 45-degree polarization flat beam splitter are used for forming a U-shaped cavity, the 45-degree polarization flat beam splitter is used for adjusting Q, and the output mirror is used for outputting laser beams.
The invention relates to a high vibration resistance KHz miniaturized laser, which is a preferred mode, a pumping coupling module comprises a laser diode barpile, a waveguide shaping device, a cylindrical mirror, a second quarter-wave plate, a convex lens, a dove prism and a second 45-degree two-phase mirror which are sequentially optically connected,
the second 45-degree dichroic mirror and an output light path of the dove prism form an included angle of 45 degrees, the first 45-degree dichroic mirror is arranged at the rear end of the second 45-degree dichroic mirror, and the first 45-degree dichroic mirror and the second 45-degree dichroic mirror are arranged in parallel;
the laser diode bartack is used for generating pump light, the waveguide shaping device is used for performing fast axis compression on the pump light, the cylindrical lens is used for performing slow axis compression on the pump light, the second quarter-wave plate is used for changing the pump light into elliptical polarized light to inhibit a thermal birefringence depolarization effect of isotropic crystals, the convex lens is used for converging the pump light, the dove prism is used for transmitting and converging the pump light into the laser crystals, and the second 45-degree dichromatic mirror is used for preventing light leakage of the oscillator module from being transmitted into the pump coupling module to cause damage to the pump coupling module.
The invention relates to a high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser, which also comprises a thermal control module for temperature control as a preferred mode;
the thermal control module comprises a first thermal control module arranged on one side of the laser diode barpile and a second thermal control module arranged on one side of the laser crystal.
As an optimal mode, the thermal control module uses a semiconductor thermoelectric refrigerator to realize heat conduction and temperature control;
indium thin or heat-conducting silica gel is filled between the first thermal control module and the laser diode bar stack and between the second thermal control module and the laser crystal.
The invention relates to a high-vibration-resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser, which is preferably characterized in that a Porro prism, a compensation wave plate, a laser crystal, a first 45-degree two-phase color mirror and a second 45-degree two-phase color mirror are arranged on the upper layers of a laser diode bar stack, a waveguide shaping device, a cylindrical mirror, a second quarter wave plate and a convex lens.
The invention relates to a high-vibration-resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser, which is used as an optimal mode, a laser diode bartack uses a volume Bragg grating to lock the wavelength, the pumping mode is a pulse pumping mode or a continuous pumping mode, the duty ratio of the pulse pumping mode is less than 20%, and the repetition frequency is 1-2 kHz;
the waveguide shaping device is cylindrical and polished on the side surface, and is used for compressing the divergence angle of the laser diode in the fast axis direction after the pump light passes through the side surface of the waveguide shaping device.
The invention relates to a high-vibration-resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser, which is preferably made by removing a coating layer from a circular glass rod or a multimode field optical fiber with a millimeter diameter.
According to the high-vibration-resistance KHz miniaturized laser, as a preferable mode, the compensation wave plate is a 0.93 wave plate or a 0.47 wave plate;
the laser crystal is a rod-shaped or cuboid lath crystal, the side surface of the laser crystal is roughened, the end surface of the laser crystal is polished and plated with oscillation light, the pumping light has high anti-reflection performance at 0 degree, one end surface of the laser crystal is cut at a small angle, and the laser crystal is any one of the following isotropic crystals: tm is YAG crystal, Nd is YAG crystal, Er is YAG crystal;
the electro-optical crystal is a transverse application crystal, the end face of the electro-optical crystal is plated with a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film, and the electro-optical crystal is any one of the following electro-optical crystals: KTP crystal, RTP crystal, BBO crystal;
KTP is KTiOPO4The crystal is RTiOPO4The crystal and BBO crystal are BaB2O4A crystal;
one side of the output mirror is coated with a dielectric film with the partial transmittance of 0 degree of the oscillating light, and the other side is coated with a high-transmittance film with the oscillation light of 0 degree plus or minus 10 degrees.
In the high-vibration-resistance kilohertz small laser according to the present invention, as a preferable mode, the waveguide shaping device, the cylindrical mirror, the convex lens, the dove prism, the second 45 ° dichroic mirror, the Porro prism, and the output mirror are any one of the following glasses: BK7 glass, JGS1 glass, JGS3 glass, and the like;
two sides of the cylindrical lens and the convex lens are plated with 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric films;
polishing right-angle surfaces of the dove prism, and plating a 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric film on a pump light incident surface;
the second quarter-wave plate and the first quarter-wave plate are made of ultraviolet fused quartz plated with a 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric film, and are any one of a zero-order wave plate, a true zero-order wave plate and a multi-stage wave plate;
polishing the right-angle surface of the Paul prism, and plating a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film on the oscillation light incident surface;
the compensation wave plate is an ultraviolet fused quartz multi-stage wave plate and is plated with a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film;
two surfaces of the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter are plated with 45-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric films and oscillation light polarization dielectric films, and the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter (25) is made of any one of ultraviolet fused quartz, N-SF1 glass and H-LaK67 glass.
The invention provides a high vibration resistance KHz miniaturized laser, which is applied to laser radar and laser guidance systems, wherein the laser is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the device comprises: the laser oscillator comprises a pumping coupling module, a laser oscillation module and a temperature control module;
the pump coupling module consists of a laser diode barpile, a waveguide shaping device, a cylindrical mirror, a quarter-wave plate, a convex lens, a dove prism and a 45-degree dichroic mirror, and emits an elliptical light spot with a specific polarization state and a specific divergence angle;
optionally, the laser diode bartack adopts a Volume Bragg Grating (VBG) to lock wavelength, the pumping mode is a pulse pumping mode or a continuous pumping mode, the duty ratio of the pulse pumping mode is less than 20%, and the repetition frequency is 1-2 kHz;
polishing the side surface of the waveguide shaping device;
two sides of the cylindrical lens and the convex lens are plated with 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric films;
polishing right-angle surfaces of the dove prism, and plating a 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric film on a pump light incident surface;
45 degree two-phase color mirror, two sides are plated with 45 degree pumping light high-transmission dielectric film, oscillating light high-reflection film;
optionally, the waveguide shaping device, the cylindrical mirror, the convex lens, the dove prism, and the 45 ° dichroic mirror are made of one of the following glasses: BK7 glass, JGS1 glass, JGS3 glass, and the like;
optionally, the quarter-wave plate is made of ultraviolet fused quartz, is plated with a 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric film, and can be one of a zero-order wave plate, a true zero-order wave plate and a multi-order wave plate;
the laser oscillation module consists of a Paul prism, a compensation wave plate, a laser crystal, a 45-degree two-phase mirror, a 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter, a quarter wave plate, an electro-optic crystal and an output mirror, and forms a U-shaped laser oscillation cavity;
the ridge line of the Paul prism and the laser installation surface form an included angle of 45 degrees, the right-angle surface is polished, and the oscillation light incidence surface is plated with a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film;
the compensation wave plate is specially designed by adopting a 0.93 wave plate, is made of ultraviolet fused quartz, is plated with a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film, and can be one of a zero-order wave plate, a true zero-order wave plate and a multi-order wave plate;
the laser crystal is a rod-shaped or cuboid lath crystal, the side surface is roughened (surface roughened), the end surface is polished and plated with oscillation light and pumping light with high anti-reflection at 0 degree, one end surface is cut at a small angle, and the laser crystal is selected from one of the following isotropic crystals: tm is YAG crystal, Nd is YAG crystal, Er is YAG crystal, etc.;
two surfaces of the 45-degree dichromatic mirror are plated with 45-degree pumping light high-transmittance and oscillation light high-reflection dielectric films;
the 45-degree polarization flat beam splitter is plated with an oscillation light polarization dielectric film and is made of one of ultraviolet fused quartz, N-SF1 glass and H-LaK67 glass;
the quarter-wave plate is made of ultraviolet fused quartz and is plated with a 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric film, and can be one of a zero-order wave plate, a true zero-order wave plate and a multi-order wave plate;
the electro-optical crystal is a transverse operating crystal, the end face of the electro-optical crystal is plated with a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film, and the electro-optical crystal is selected from one of the following electro-optical crystals: KTP (KTiOPO)4) Crystal, RTP (RTiOPO)4) Crystal, BBO (BaB)2O4) Crystals, etc.;
one side of the output mirror is plated with a dielectric film with the partial transmittance of 0 degree of the oscillating light, and the other side is plated with a high-transmittance film with the oscillation light of 0 +/-10 degrees;
optionally, the paul prism, the 45 ° dichroic mirror, and the output mirror are made of one of the following glasses: BK7 glass, JGS1 glass, JGS3 glass, and the like;
the thermal control module adopts a semiconductor thermoelectric cooler (TEC) to realize heat conduction temperature control, and indium thin or heat conduction silica gel is filled between the TEC and a cooled target.
The waveguide shaping device is used for shaping the divergence angle of the laser diode by adopting a cylindrical waveguide device, for example, a round glass rod with the diameter of millimeter or a section of multimode field optical fiber is placed on the back side after a coating layer is removed, incident laser passes through the side surface of the optical fiber to realize the divergence angle compression in the fast axis direction of the laser diode, and the shaping compression in the fast axis direction of the laser diode can be realized by adopting the device.
The laser can ensure high mechanical environment adaptability in both the x direction and the y direction, the tolerance in the x direction and the y direction is as high as 5mrad (the power is reduced by 80%), and the design tolerance of the conventional optical lens is only within 200 mrad. Therefore, the laser can realize mechanical environment adaptability and far exceed the mechanical environment requirements of space lasers and missile-borne lasers. The self-aligning capability in the x and y directions can be ensured only by forming an angle of 45 degrees, the vibration resistance tolerance is larger, when the angle of 45 degrees is 45 degrees, the Paul prism can cause laser depolarization, special wave plates are needed for compensation depolarization, and if the installation surface is an xz surface, the y axis vertical to the installation surface is the y axis.
The reflecting surface of the Porro prism is composed of two vertical surfaces, and the reflected light beam can return along the direction parallel to the incident light as long as the incident light beam meets the total reflection condition in the Porro prism. The ridge line of the Paul prism horizontally rotates by 45 degrees, and the return of light original paths in the x direction and the y direction can be simultaneously ensured, namely the x direction and the y direction have self-correct capability at the same time, and the Paul prism has larger vibration resistance tolerance which is larger than 5 degrees.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the laser oscillation module is arranged on the upper layer of the pump coupling module, so that the volume of the laser is reduced and can be reduced to 100 multiplied by 60mm3The following;
(2) the compressed pump light is changed into elliptical polarized light to inhibit the thermotropic birefringence depolarization effect of isotropic crystals, the laser oscillation module is a self-consistent laser oscillation cavity, the x and y directions have self-correct capability at the same time, the laser oscillation module has larger vibration-proof tolerance and larger angle compensation range (more than or equal to 5 degrees), and the high quality (M2 is less than or equal to 1.2) of output light beams, high output peak power (more than or equal to 1MW), heavy frequency kilohertz, narrow pulse width (less than or equal to 5ns), high integration level and high efficiency (more than or equal to 40 percent) of the output light beams are realized;
(3) the thermal control module is arranged for heat conduction temperature control, so that the work in a wide temperature range of-30-60 ℃ is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a miniaturized high vibration resistant kHz laser;
fig. 2 is a rear view of a high vibration resistance khz miniaturized laser paul prism.
Reference numerals:
1. a pump coupling module; 11. a laser diode bar stack; 12. a waveguide shaping device; 13. a cylindrical mirror; 14. a second quarter wave plate; 15. a convex lens; 16. a dove prism; 17. a second 45 ° dichromatic mirror; 2. a laser oscillation module; 21. a Paul prism; 22. a compensation wave plate; 23. a laser crystal; 24. a first 45 ° dichromatic mirror; 25. a 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter; 26. a first quarter wave plate; 27. an electro-optic crystal; 28. an output mirror; 3. a thermal control module; 31. a first thermal control module; 32. and a second thermal control module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
A high vibration resistance KHz miniaturized laser comprises a pump coupling module 1 and a laser oscillation module 2 arranged on the upper layer of the pump coupling module 1;
the pump coupling module 1 is used for generating pump light, compressing the pump light, changing the polarization state and converging the pump light for output, and the laser oscillation module 2 is used for receiving the pump light output by the pump coupling module 1 and outputting laser beams after the pump light oscillates.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-2, a miniaturized laser with high vibration resistance for khz comprises a pump coupling module 1, a laser oscillation module 2 disposed on the upper layer of the pump coupling module 1, and a thermal control module 3 for controlling temperature;
the pump coupling module 1 is used for generating pump light, compressing the pump light, changing the polarization state and converging the pump light for output, and the laser oscillation module 2 is used for receiving the pump light output by the pump coupling module 1 and outputting laser beams after the pump light oscillates;
the pump coupling module 1 comprises a laser diode barpile 11, a waveguide shaping device 12, a cylindrical mirror 13, a second quarter-wave plate 14, a convex lens 15, a dove prism 16 and a second 45-degree dichromatic mirror 17 which are sequentially optically connected,
the second 45-degree dichroic mirror 17 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with an output light path of the dove prism 16, the first 45-degree dichroic mirror 24 is arranged at the rear end of the second 45-degree dichroic mirror 17, and the first 45-degree dichroic mirror 24 and the second 45-degree dichroic mirror 17 are arranged in parallel;
the laser diode bartack 11 is used for generating pump light, the waveguide shaping device 12 is used for performing fast axis compression on the pump light, the cylindrical mirror 13 is used for performing slow axis compression on the pump light, the second quarter-wave plate 14 is used for changing the pump light into elliptical polarized light to inhibit a thermal birefringence depolarization effect of isotropic crystals, the convex lens 15 is used for converging the pump light, the dove prism 16 is used for transmitting and converging the pump light into the laser crystal 23, and the second 45-degree dichromatic mirror 17 is used for preventing light leakage of the oscillator module 2 from being transmitted into the pump coupling module 1 to cause damage to the pump coupling module 1;
the laser diode bartack 11 uses volume Bragg grating to lock wavelength, the pumping mode is a pulse pumping mode or a continuous pumping mode, the duty ratio of the pulse pumping mode is less than 20%, and the repetition frequency is 1-2 kHz;
the waveguide shaping device 12 is cylindrical and has a polished side surface, and the waveguide shaping device 12 is used for compressing the divergence angle of the laser diode in the fast axis direction after the pump light passes through the side surface of the waveguide shaping device 12;
the waveguide shaping device 12 is made of a millimeter-diameter round glass rod or a multimode field optical fiber with a coating layer removed;
the laser oscillation module 2 comprises a Paul prism 21, a compensation wave plate 22, a laser crystal 23, a first 45-degree two-phase mirror 24, a 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter 25, a first quarter wave plate 26, an electro-optical crystal 27 and an output mirror 28 which are sequentially optically connected;
the first 45-degree dichromatic mirror 24 is arranged on the pump light output side of the pump coupling module 1;
the cavity of the laser oscillation module 2 is a U-shaped cavity, the first 45-degree dichromatic mirror 24 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the output light path of the laser crystal 23, and the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter 25 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the output light path of the first 45-degree dichromatic mirror 24;
the ridge line of the Paul prism 21 and the installation surface of the laser form an included angle of 45 degrees so that the laser can be correct in the x direction and the y direction, the compensation wave plate 22 is used for compensating depolarization loss caused by the Paul prism 21, the first 45-degree two-phase mirror 24 and the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter 25 are used for forming a U-shaped cavity, the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter 25 is used for adjusting Q, and the output mirror 28 is used for outputting a laser beam;
the Porro prism 21, the compensation wave plate 22, the laser crystal 23, the first 45-degree two-phase mirror 24 and the second 45-degree two-phase mirror 17 are arranged on the upper layers of the laser diode barpile 11, the waveguide shaping device 12, the cylindrical mirror 13, the second quarter-wave plate 14 and the convex lens 15;
the thermal control module 3 comprises a first thermal control module 31 arranged on one side of the laser diode bar stack 11 and a second thermal control module 32 arranged on one side of the laser crystal 23;
the compensation wave plate 22 is a 0.93 wave plate;
the laser crystal 23 is a rod-shaped or cuboid slab crystal, the side surface of the laser crystal is roughened, the end surface is polished and plated with oscillation light, the pump light has high anti-reflection performance at 0 degree, one end surface of the laser crystal 23 is cut at a small angle, and the laser crystal 23 is any one of the following isotropic crystals: tm is YAG crystal, Nd is YAG crystal, Er is YAG crystal;
the electro-optical crystal 27 is a transverse application crystal, the end face of which is coated with a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film, and the electro-optical crystal 27 is any one of the following electro-optical crystals: KTP crystal, RTP crystal, BBO crystal;
KTP is KTiOPO4The crystal is RTiOPO4The crystal and BBO crystal are BaB2O4A crystal;
one side of the output mirror 28 is plated with a dielectric film with the partial transmittance of 0 degree of the oscillating light, and the other side is plated with a high-transmittance film with the oscillation light of 0 +/-10 degrees;
the waveguide shaping device 12, the cylindrical mirror 13, the convex lens 15, the dove prism 16, the second 45-degree dichroic mirror 17, the paul prism 21 and the output mirror 28 are any one of the following glasses: BK7 glass, JGS1 glass, JGS3 glass, and the like;
two sides of the cylindrical lens 13 and the convex lens 15 are plated with 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric films;
polishing the right-angle surface of the dove prism 16, and plating a 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric film on the surface of a pump light incident surface;
the second quarter-wave plate 14 and the first quarter-wave plate 26 are made of ultraviolet fused quartz plated with a 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric film, and the second quarter-wave plate 14 and the first quarter-wave plate 26 are any one of a zero-order wave plate, a true zero-order wave plate and a multi-level wave plate;
polishing the right-angle surface of the Paul prism 21, and plating a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film on the oscillation light incident surface;
the compensation wave plate 22 is an ultraviolet fused quartz multi-stage wave plate and is plated with a 0 +/-10-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film;
two surfaces of the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter 25 are plated with 45-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric films and oscillation light polarization dielectric films, and the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter (25) is made of any one of ultraviolet fused quartz, N-SF1 glass and H-LaK67 glass;
the thermal control module 3 realizes heat conduction temperature control by using a semiconductor thermoelectric refrigerator;
indium thin film is filled between the first thermal control module 31 and the laser diode bar stack 11, and indium thin film is filled between the second thermal control module 32 and the laser crystal 23, or thermal silica gel is coated.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1-2, a miniaturized laser with high vibration resistance for kilohertz is applied to a laser radar and a laser guidance system, the laser is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device specifically comprises the following components: a pump coupling module 1 (comprising 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17), a laser oscillation module 2 (comprising 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) and a temperature control module 3 (comprising 31 and 32);
the pump coupling module 1 consists of a laser diode barpile 11, a waveguide shaping device 12, a cylindrical lens 13, a second quarter-wave plate 14, a convex lens 15, a dove prism 16 and a second 45-degree dichromatic mirror 17;
the laser diode bartack 11 emits pump light, the pump light is compressed through a fast axis of the waveguide shaping device 12 and compressed through a slow axis of the cylindrical lens 13, the compressed pump light is changed into elliptical polarized light through the second quarter-wave plate 14, the elliptical polarized light can inhibit a thermal birefringence depolarization effect of isotropic crystals, the conversion efficiency of the laser is improved by 5% -10%, the pump light is converged through the convex lens 15, the pump light is transmitted to the upper layer of the laser through the dove prism 16 and converged into the laser crystal 23, and the second 45-degree two-phase mirror 17 is used for avoiding light leakage of the oscillator module 2 from being transmitted into the pump coupling module 1 to cause damage to the pump coupling module 1;
the laser diode bartack 11 adopts VBG lock wavelength to emit nearly linearly polarized 885nm pulse pump light, the repetition frequency is 1kHz, the duty ratio is 20%, so that the integration level of the laser can be improved, the laser can be ensured to work in the range of-30-60 ℃, and the environmental adaptability is improved;
polishing the side surface of the waveguide shaping device 12, plating 0 +/-10-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric films on two sides of a cylindrical mirror 13 and a convex lens 15, polishing right-angle surfaces of a dove prism 16, plating 0 +/-10-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric films on a pump light incident surface, plating 45 +/-5-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric films on two surfaces of a second 45-degree two-phase mirror 17, and plating an oscillation light high-reflectance film;
the waveguide shaping device 12, the cylindrical mirror 13, the convex lens 15, the dove prism 16 and the second 45-degree dichromatic mirror 17 are all made of JGS1 glass;
the second quarter-wave plate 14 is an ultraviolet fused quartz multi-stage wave plate and is plated with a 0 +/-10-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric film.
The laser oscillation module 2 consists of a Paul prism 21, a compensation wave plate 22, a laser crystal 23, a first 45-degree two-phase mirror 24, a 45-degree polarization flat beam splitter 25, a first quarter wave plate 26, an electro-optical crystal 27 and an output mirror 28, and forms a U-shaped laser oscillation cavity;
the oscillating light forms two ends of a self-consistent laser oscillation cavity through the Paul prism 21 and the output mirror 28 which are arranged at the edge line angle of 45 degrees, the compensation wave plate 22 compensates the depolarization loss caused by the Paul prism 21, and meanwhile, the compensation range (larger than or equal to 5 degrees) with a larger angle is provided, so that the high mechanical environment adaptability and low loss of the laser in the x and y directions can be ensured; the first 45-degree two-phase mirror 24 and the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter 25 form a laser oscillation cavity intermediate mirror to change a laser cavity into a U-shaped cavity, and the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter 25 is also used as a Q-switching loss element, so that the volume of the laser is effectively compressed, pump light is prevented from being incident on the electro-optic crystal 27, and the problem of thermally induced phase drift of the electro-optic crystal 27 is avoided;
JGS1 glass is adopted as materials of the Paul prism 21, the first 45-degree two-phase mirror 24 and the output mirror 28;
polishing the right-angle surface of the Paul prism 21, plating a 0 +/-10-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film on the oscillation light incident surface, plating 45 +/-5-degree pump light high-transmittance and oscillation light high-reflectance dielectric films on two surfaces of the first 45-degree two-phase mirror 24, plating a 0 +/-10-degree oscillation light partial-transmittance dielectric film on one side of the output mirror 28, and plating a 0 +/-10-degree oscillation light high-transmittance film on the other side of the output mirror;
the compensation wave plate 22 is an ultraviolet fused quartz multi-stage wave plate, adopts the special design of a 0.93 wave plate and is plated with a 0 +/-10-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film;
the laser crystal 23 is Nd, YAG cuboid lath crystal, the side is roughened with 40 mesh, the end is polished and plated with oscillating light, pumping light is highly anti-reflection at 0 + -10 degree, one end is cut at 2 degree;
the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter 25 is plated with a 45 +/-2-degree oscillation light polarization dielectric film made of ultraviolet fused quartz;
the electro-optical crystal 27 is laterally applied with BBO (BaB)2O4) The end face of the crystal is plated with a 0 +/-10-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film, and the length-width ratio is 1: 10.
The thermal control module 3 adopts a semiconductor thermoelectric cooler (TEC) to realize heat conduction temperature control, and indium with the thickness of 0.2mm is filled between the thermal control module 31 and the thermal control module 32 and a cooled target.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A miniaturized laser of high anti vibration kilohertz which characterized in that: the device comprises a pump coupling module (1) and a laser oscillation module (2) arranged on the upper layer of the pump coupling module (1);
the laser device comprises a pump coupling module (1), a laser oscillation module (2) and a laser coupling module, wherein the pump coupling module (1) is used for generating pump light, compressing the pump light, changing the polarization state and converging the pump light for output, and the laser oscillation module (2) is used for receiving the pump light output by the pump coupling module (1) and oscillating the pump light to output laser beams.
2. A high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser as claimed in claim 1 wherein:
the laser oscillation module (2) comprises a Paul prism (21), a compensation wave plate (22), a laser crystal (23), a first 45-degree two-phase mirror (24), a 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter (25), a first quarter wave plate (26), an electro-optical crystal (27) and an output mirror (28) which are sequentially connected in an optical mode;
the first 45-degree dichromatic mirror (24) is arranged on the pump light output side of the pump coupling module (1);
the cavity of the laser oscillation module (2) is a U-shaped cavity, the first 45-degree two-phase color mirror (24) forms a 45-degree included angle with the output light path of the laser crystal (23), and the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter (25) forms a 45-degree included angle with the output light path of the first 45-degree two-phase color mirror (24);
the ridge line of the Paul prism (21) forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the installation surface of the laser so that the laser can be self-aligned in both directions x and y, the compensation wave plate (22) is used for compensating the depolarization loss caused by the Paul prism (21), the first 45-degree two-phase mirror (24) and the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter (25) are used for forming the U-shaped cavity, the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter (25) is used for adjusting Q, and the output mirror (28) is used for outputting the laser beam.
3. A high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the pump coupling module (1) comprises a laser diode barpile (11), a waveguide shaping device (12), a cylindrical mirror (13), a second quarter-wave plate (14), a convex lens (15), a dove prism (16) and a second 45-degree dichromatic mirror (17) which are sequentially optically connected,
the second 45-degree dichroic mirror (17) and an output light path of the dove prism (16) form an included angle of 45 degrees, the first 45-degree dichroic mirror (24) is arranged at the rear end of the second 45-degree dichroic mirror (17), and the first 45-degree dichroic mirror (24) and the second 45-degree dichroic mirror (17) are arranged in parallel;
the laser diode barpile (11) is used for generating pumping light, the waveguide shaping device (12) is used for performing fast axis compression on the pumping light, the cylindrical lens (13) is used for performing slow axis compression on the pumping light, the second quarter-wave plate (14) is used for changing the pumping light into elliptical polarized light so as to inhibit a thermal birefringence depolarization effect of isotropic crystals, the convex lens (15) is used for converging the pumping light, the dove prism (16) is used for transmitting and converging the pumping light into the laser crystal (23), and the second 45-degree dichromatic mirror (17) is used for preventing light leakage of the oscillator module (2) from being transmitted into the pumping coupling module (1) to cause damage to the pumping coupling module (1).
4. A high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the temperature control device also comprises a thermal control module (3) for controlling temperature;
the thermal control module (3) comprises a first thermal control module (31) arranged on one side of the laser diode barpile (11) and a second thermal control module (32) arranged on one side of the laser crystal (23).
5. The high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser of claim 4 wherein: the thermal control module (3) realizes heat conduction temperature control by using a semiconductor thermoelectric refrigerator;
indium thin films are filled between the first thermal control module (31) and the laser diode bar stack (11) and between the second thermal control module (32) and the laser crystal (23) or thermal silica gel is coated.
6. A high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the Porro prism (21), the compensation wave plate (22), the laser crystal (23), the first 45-degree two-phase mirror (24) and the second 45-degree two-phase mirror (17) are arranged on the upper layers of the laser diode bar stack (11), the waveguide shaping device (12), the cylindrical mirror (13), the second quarter-wave plate (14) and the convex lens (15).
7. A high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the laser diode bartack (11) uses a volume Bragg grating to lock wavelength, the pumping mode is a pulse pumping mode or a continuous pumping mode, the duty ratio of the pulse pumping mode is less than 20%, and the repetition frequency is 1-2 kHz;
the waveguide shaping device (12) is cylindrical and polished on the side surface, and the waveguide shaping device (12) is used for compressing the divergence angle of the laser diode in the fast axis direction after the pump light passes through the side surface of the waveguide shaping device (12).
8. The high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser of claim 7 wherein: the waveguide shaping device (12) is made of a circular glass rod with a millimeter-sized diameter or a multi-mode field optical fiber with a coating layer removed.
9. A high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser as claimed in claim 2 wherein:
the compensation wave plate (22) is a 0.93 wave plate or a 0.47 wave plate;
the laser crystal (23) is a rod-shaped or cuboid lath crystal, the side surface of the laser crystal is roughened, the end surface of the laser crystal is polished and plated with oscillation light, and the pumping light has high anti-reflection performance at 0 degree, one end surface of the laser crystal (23) is cut at a small angle, and the laser crystal (23) is any one of the following isotropic crystals: tm is YAG crystal, Nd is YAG crystal, Er is YAG crystal;
the electro-optical crystal (27) is a transverse application crystal, the end face of the electro-optical crystal is plated with a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film, and the electro-optical crystal (27) is any one of the following electro-optical crystals: KTP crystal, RTP crystal, BBO crystal;
the KTP is KTiOPO4A crystal, wherein the RTP crystal is RTiOPO4The crystal and the BBO crystal are BaB2O4A crystal;
one side of the output mirror (28) is plated with a dielectric film with the partial transmittance of 0 degree of the oscillating light, and the other side of the output mirror is plated with a high-transmittance film with the 0 degree of the oscillating light.
10. A high vibration resistance kilohertz miniaturized laser as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the waveguide shaping device (12), the cylindrical mirror (13), the convex lens (15), the dove prism (16), the second 45 ° dichroic mirror (17), the paul prism (21), and the output mirror (28) are any one of the following glasses: BK7 glass, JGS1 glass, JGS3 glass, and the like;
two sides of the cylindrical lens (13) and the convex lens (15) are plated with 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric films;
the right-angle surface of the dove prism (16) is polished, and a 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric film is plated on a pump light incident surface;
the second quarter wave plate (14) and the first quarter wave plate (26) are made of ultraviolet fused quartz plated with a 0-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric film, and the second quarter wave plate (14) and the first quarter wave plate (26) are any one of a zero-order wave plate, a true zero-order wave plate and a multi-stage wave plate;
the right-angle surface of the Paul prism (21) is polished, and the oscillation light incident surface is plated with a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film;
the compensation wave plate (22) is an ultraviolet fused quartz multi-stage wave plate and is plated with a 0-degree oscillation light high-transmittance dielectric film;
two surfaces of the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter (25) are plated with 45-degree pump light high-transmittance dielectric films and oscillation light polarization dielectric films, and the 45-degree polarization flat plate beam splitter (25) is made of any one of ultraviolet fused quartz, N-SF1 glass and H-LaK67 glass.
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