CN113643540A - Rapid detection and early warning system and method for highway accidents - Google Patents

Rapid detection and early warning system and method for highway accidents Download PDF

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CN113643540A
CN113643540A CN202110936510.XA CN202110936510A CN113643540A CN 113643540 A CN113643540 A CN 113643540A CN 202110936510 A CN202110936510 A CN 202110936510A CN 113643540 A CN113643540 A CN 113643540A
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李振宇
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/008—Alarm setting and unsetting, i.e. arming or disarming of the security system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
    • G08B5/22—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G08B5/36—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources
    • G08B5/38—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources using flashing light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/04—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using optical or ultrasonic detectors

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Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid detection and early warning system and a rapid detection and early warning method for highway accidents, wherein the detection system comprises an upper computer and a plurality of short-time traffic flow acquisition devices which are arranged at intervals along a highway; the short-time traffic flow acquisition device is used for acquiring short-time traffic flow data corresponding to the detection points and wirelessly transmitting the short-time traffic flow data to the upper computer according to a preset time interval; the upper computer takes a preset continuous number short-time traffic flow acquisition device as an identification unit, divides the detection road section into a plurality of detection sections, and judges whether an accident congestion event occurs according to the change state of short-time traffic flow data acquired by each short-time traffic flow acquisition device in each detection section. The system can rapidly detect and early warn accidents in 24 hours, is not limited by conditions such as weather, illumination, power supply, high-speed flow and the like, has very low price of front-end equipment such as detection and early warning and the like, and is suitable for large-scale installation.

Description

Rapid detection and early warning system and method for highway accidents
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of traffic accident detection, in particular to a rapid detection and early warning system and method for highway accidents.
Background
The highway has high driving speed, large speed difference, different states of drivers and generally higher casualty rate of traffic accidents, particularly secondary accidents are used as secondary excitation of primary accident risk factors, the static collision of the secondary accidents is usually more harmful, and the personal and property losses are more serious. With the continuous and steady growth of the automobile reserves in China, how to further strengthen the highway traffic safety management is a key subject of research of all levels of road traffic safety management departments and academic circles, and with the high-speed development of electronic information technology, the investment and the effect of highway science and technology information construction, particularly the science and technology construction around the accident prevention and control aspect, are more and more intensive and more obvious.
The current intelligent detection system for highway accidents is mainly focused on video algorithm detection, high-density laser correlation induction, audio multi-feature collision sound detection or other portal coil induction and the like through a pavement camera, is limited by long mileage of a highway, unstable power supply position guarantee, accidents possibly occurring at any point position, various front-end equipment are expensive, high in installation density, multiple in matching construction, and harsh in partial installation or detection conditions, and difficult to effectively identify the conditions of night accidents, vehicle breakdown accidents, slight scraping accidents and the like, particularly, the early warning and prompting timeliness of normal vehicles behind accidents are slow and harsh, special equipment needs to be installed on vehicles behind the accidents, or various large acousto-optic-electric early warning and prompting systems are installed on the pavement for early warning, and the financial investment is huge. Meanwhile, support is insufficient in cooperation with road police.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rapid detection and early warning system and method for highway accidents, and aims to solve the problems of high cost and poor accident recognition effect of the conventional intelligent detection system for highway accidents.
The first aspect provides a rapid detection system for highway accidents, which comprises an upper computer and a plurality of short-time traffic flow acquisition devices arranged at intervals along a highway;
the short-time traffic flow acquisition device is used for acquiring short-time traffic flow data corresponding to the detection points and wirelessly transmitting the short-time traffic flow data to the upper computer according to a preset time interval; the short-time traffic flow acquisition device comprises a sound detection device and/or a laser detection device; the sound detection device is used for collecting sound signals of corresponding detection points and preprocessing the sound signals, and short-time traffic flow data are obtained according to the number of peak values of the sound signals in unit time period; the laser detection device is used for acquiring the times of cutting the laser beam by the traffic flow of the corresponding lane in a unit time interval to obtain short-time traffic flow data;
the upper computer takes a preset continuous number of short-time traffic flow acquisition devices as an identification unit, divides a detection road section into a plurality of detection sections, judges whether an accident congestion event occurs according to the change state of short-time traffic flow data acquired by each short-time traffic flow acquisition device in each detection section, and determines the position of the accident congestion event.
The method comprises the steps of collecting sound signals or laser signals of corresponding detection points through a short-time traffic flow collecting device arranged on the side of the expressway, obtaining short-time traffic flow data by counting the number of sound signal peaks and/or the times of cutting correlation laser beams, and judging whether an accident congestion event occurs according to the change state of the short-time traffic flow data of each detection point. In the scheme, whether an accident congestion event occurs can be analyzed by only acquiring the sound signals and/or the laser signals of the detection points, so that the cost is low, and the method is suitable for large-scale installation; the method has the advantages of low calculation cost, capability of quickly judging whether the accident congestion event and the position occur, and high real-time performance. Without the limitation of weather, lighting, high-speed flow and other factors.
Furthermore, the short-time traffic flow collecting device comprises a sound detecting unit and/or a laser detecting unit, a calculating and processing unit, a wireless communication unit and a solar power supply module, wherein the sound detecting unit and/or the laser detecting unit, the calculating and processing unit and the wireless communication unit are connected with the solar power supply module;
the sound detection unit is used for collecting sound signals of detection points corresponding to the sound detection unit and transmitting the sound signals to the calculation processing unit;
the laser detection unit is used for collecting laser signals of corresponding detection points and transmitting the laser signals to the calculation processing unit;
the calculation processing unit is used for preprocessing the sound signals and obtaining short-time traffic flow data according to the peak value number of the sound signals in unit time period; and/or the short-time traffic flow data are obtained according to the laser signal blocking-recovery cycle times in the unit time interval; and transmitting the short-time traffic flow data and the ID code of the short-time traffic flow acquisition device to an upper computer through the wireless communication unit.
The solar power supply module supplies power to the short-time traffic flow acquisition device, so that the short-time traffic flow acquisition device is not limited by the difficult condition of power supply. And simple structure, with low costs, be suitable for installation on a large scale.
Further, the specific process of obtaining the short-time traffic flow data according to the peak number of the sound signal in the unit time period by the calculation processing unit comprises the following steps:
the computing processing unit performs spatial filtering preprocessing on the sound signals, samples and divides frames, and computes the instantaneous energy of each frame of sound fragment;
setting an environment background noise real-time dynamic energy threshold: firstly, identifying a sound signal energy peak consisting of a rising edge and a falling edge; identifying a second sound signal energy peak in the same manner; calculating the average energy between the falling edge and the rising edge of the energy peaks of the two sound signals on the time sequence, and setting the average energy as an initialization energy threshold; when a new sound signal energy peak exceeding the initialized energy threshold value appears in the time sequence, the average energy between the sound signal energy peaks in the previous preset time length is updated and calculated by taking the sound signal energy peak as a base point, and the average energy is taken as an environment background noise real-time energy threshold value;
identifying a single waveform which exceeds an environmental background noise real-time dynamic energy threshold and has a sound signal energy peak value, and marking the peak value position of the single waveform in a world time sequence to be used as a vehicle passing event at the moment;
the method comprises the steps that the current time is used as a base point, a preset unit time interval is used as a time window, and the number of sound signal energy peak values appearing in one time window is identified forwards on a time sequence to serve as short-time traffic flow data;
the specific process that the calculation processing unit carries out preprocessing on the laser signal and obtains the short-time traffic flow data according to the laser signal blocking-recovery cycle times in the unit time interval comprises the following steps:
when no vehicle passes through, the laser signal is in a state of 0, when the vehicle passes through, the vehicle body blocks the correlation laser beam, after the vehicle drives away, the correlation laser beam is reconnected, and the process of quickly blocking and restoring the primary signal is recorded as a state of 1;
and marking the time when the 1 state is generated at each time in the world time sequence, recording the time as a vehicle passing event together, and further counting to obtain short-time traffic flow data.
Because the influence of weather and surrounding environment on the environmental background noise is not fixed and unchangeable, the energy threshold value of the environmental background noise is dynamically adjusted through real-time updating, the influence of a sound signal peak value generated by passing of a non-vehicle is avoided, and the accuracy of short-time traffic flow data detection is improved.
Furthermore, the sound detection unit comprises a vertically arranged triangular channel and a microphone arranged at the tail end of the triangular channel. The vertical triangular channel is arranged at the front end of the microphone for receiving sound, the sound receiving range of the microphone can be shrunk, the sound receiving effect of the sound in the direction opposite to the triangular channel is enhanced, the sound receiving effect of the sound in the direction opposite to the direction is weakened, the wave crest of a sound signal is more obvious, and the detection precision is improved.
Further, the ID code of the short-time traffic flow acquisition device comprises a highway national province road number, a traffic flow direction, kilometers, a detection point sequence number and road characteristics. By setting information such as national provincial road number, traffic flow direction, kilometers, detection point serial number, road characteristics and the like of the expressway, the position of an accident site can be conveniently confirmed.
Further, the upper computer judges whether an accident congestion event occurs according to the change state of the short-time traffic flow data acquired by each short-time traffic flow acquisition device in each detection section, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
for each detection interval, classifying and superposing short-term traffic flow data uploaded by all short-term traffic flow acquisition devices each time according to the numerical values to obtain the short-term traffic flow-uploading cycle grade distribution condition with the uploading sequence as a horizontal axis and the short-term traffic flow data as a vertical axis;
according to the short-time traffic flow-uploading cycle grade distribution condition, starting identification on the first increase condition of the proportion occupied by the short-time traffic flow data distributed on the lower grade, and if the proportion occupied by the short-time traffic flow data distributed on the lower grade for the second time continues to increase, judging that the road section is a short-time traffic flow abnormity identification unit;
for the identification unit which is judged to be abnormal in short-term traffic flow, short-term traffic flow data uploaded by all short-term traffic flow acquisition devices in the detection interval to which the identification unit belongs are counted according to times to obtain the short-term traffic flow-detection point grade distribution condition that the detection points arranged in the arrangement sequence of the short-term traffic flow acquisition devices with the preset number are the horizontal axis and the short-term traffic flow data are the vertical axis;
checking whether an accident exists in the short-time traffic flow abnormal unit, according to the grade distribution condition of short-time traffic flow-detection points, if the short-time traffic flow data of one detection point is reduced in a manner that the short-time traffic flow data is comparably lower than the data uploaded last time, the reduction rate of the detection point is more than a threshold value than the previous detection point, and the short-time traffic flow data of the detection point and a downstream road section adjacent to the detection point are continuously reduced comparably, the reduction rate of the downstream road section adjacent to the detection point is still more than the threshold value than that of an upstream road section adjacent to the detection point, even the reduction rate of the short-time traffic flow data of the nearest detection point of the upstream road section is more than that of the previous detection point, then judging: an accident congestion event exists in the middle road section between two adjacent detection points when the initial short-time traffic flow data descending rate exceeds the threshold value.
Under normal conditions, short-term traffic flow data acquired by each short-term traffic flow acquisition device in one short-term traffic flow identification unit are generally balanced, fluctuation occurs only in a short term, and once a traffic accident occurs, the proportion of the short-term traffic flow data distributed at a lower level is increased, and the short-term traffic flow data are further increased along with the lapse of time. Based on the short-term traffic flow-uploading cycle grade distribution condition, the short-term traffic flow abnormal unit can be identified; and finally, determining whether a traffic accident occurs, wherein if the traffic accident occurs, the short-time traffic flow data detected by a plurality of continuous detection points suddenly and greatly drop at a certain detection point, and the short-time traffic flow data of the detection point positioned at the downstream of the detection point also greatly drops along with the time. Therefore, whether a traffic accident occurs and a position section where the traffic accident occurs can be confirmed by counting the short-term traffic flow-detection point level distribution for multiple times.
In a second aspect, a highway accident early warning system is provided, which comprises an early warning module and the highway accident rapid detection system;
the early warning module comprises a visible laser emitting unit, an LED array and a display screen which are arranged on each short-time traffic flow collecting device;
when the rapid detection system for the expressway accident identifies the accident congestion event, generating an early warning instruction and wirelessly transmitting the early warning instruction to the early warning module within the preset range of the position of the accident congestion event; the rapid detection system for the high road accident is also used for monitoring the tail end position of a jammed traffic stream at the upstream of the position of the accident jam event in real time; generating an early warning instruction and wirelessly transmitting the early warning instruction to the early warning module within a preset range of the position of the tail end of the congested traffic;
the early warning module is after receiving the early warning instruction, visual laser emission unit is perpendicular or be certain inclination transmission visual laser to the sky, the LED array carries out red blue scintillation and reminds, the display screen carries out early warning and shows.
When an accident congestion sending event is detected, an early warning signal can be sent out in time through the early warning module, the laser emitting unit is used for emitting visible laser, accidents in front of upstream vehicles can be remotely reminded, drivers are reminded of the accidents, meanwhile, the accidents are reminded in a multi-mode through the LED array and the display screen, early warning information is guaranteed to be timely and accurately transmitted to the upstream vehicles, and secondary accidents are avoided. And the position of the tail end of the jammed traffic flow is monitored in real time, and the early warning range is adjusted in real time according to the position of the tail end of the jammed traffic flow, so that secondary safety accidents are avoided.
The early warning module further comprises a mobile phone terminal and a vehicle-mounted terminal, the upper computer transmits the position of the accident congestion event, the position of the tail end of the congested traffic flow and the early warning time to the server end of the map navigation company through a private network, the server end of the map navigation company defines an early warning electronic fence in a preset range around the position of the accident congestion event or the position of the tail end of the congested traffic flow, and early warning information is wirelessly transmitted to the navigation mobile phone terminal or the vehicle-mounted terminal which is driven to the position of the accident congestion event or the position of the tail end of the congested traffic flow in the range of the early warning electronic fence.
Considering that map navigation can be started when a large number of drivers drive, the accident congestion event position, the tail end position of the congested traffic stream and the early warning time are transmitted to a map navigation company server through a private network, and then the map navigation company server sends early warning information at a mobile phone terminal or a vehicle-mounted terminal of a vehicle entering an early warning range, so that the drivers can receive the early warning information in time.
In a third aspect, a method for rapidly detecting an accident on a highway is provided, which includes:
acquiring sound signals and/or laser signals collected from detection points arranged along a highway according to a preset time interval and preprocessing the sound signals and/or the laser signals;
obtaining short-time traffic flow data according to the sound signal peak value number or the number of times of cutting the correlation laser beam in unit time interval;
the method comprises the steps of taking a preset continuous number of detection points as an identification unit, dividing a detection road section into a plurality of detection intervals, judging whether an accident congestion event occurs or not according to the change state of short-time traffic flow data collected by each detection point in each detection interval, and determining the position of the accident congestion event.
In a fourth aspect, a highway accident early warning method is provided, which includes:
when the rapid detection method for the highway accidents is adopted to identify the accident congestion events, generating early warning instructions and transmitting the early warning instructions to an early warning module in a preset range of the accident congestion event positions for early warning;
monitoring the tail end position of a jammed traffic stream at the upstream of the position of the accident jam event in real time; and generating an early warning instruction and transmitting the early warning instruction to an early warning module in a preset range of the tail end position of the congested traffic flow for early warning.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a rapid detection and early warning system and a rapid detection and early warning method for highway accidents.A short-time traffic flow acquisition device arranged on the side of a highway acquires sound signals or laser signals of corresponding detection points, short-time traffic flow data is obtained by counting the peak value number of the sound signals and/or the times of cutting a correlation laser beam, and whether an accident congestion event occurs is judged according to the change state of the short-time traffic flow data of each detection point. In the scheme, whether an accident congestion event occurs can be analyzed by only acquiring the sound signals and/or the laser signals of the detection points, so that the cost is low, and the method is suitable for large-scale installation; the method has the advantages of low calculation cost, capability of quickly judging whether the accident congestion event and the position occur, and high real-time performance. The accident rapid detection can be carried out in 24 hours without the limitation of factors such as weather, illumination, high-speed flow and the like. After the position of the accident congestion event is determined, early warning can be carried out in real time through the early warning module, the tail end position of the congested traffic flow is located in real time, the early warning range is adjusted according to the tail end position of the congested traffic flow in real time, and early warning is carried out through the early warning module to remind an upstream vehicle. And the visual laser, the LED array flicker and the display screen early warning can provide remote early warning, thereby improving the safety performance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rapid detection system for highway accidents according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a short-term traffic flow acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-term traffic flow collecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an exemplary diagram of short-time traffic flow-upload cycle level distribution under two conditions of large flow and small flow, provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an exemplary diagram of short-term traffic flow-detection point level distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment provides a rapid detection system for highway accidents, which comprises an upper computer 2 and a plurality of short-time traffic flow collecting devices 1 arranged at intervals along a highway;
the short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1 is used for acquiring short-time traffic flow data corresponding to the detection points and wirelessly transmitting the short-time traffic flow data to the upper computer 2 according to a preset time interval; the short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1 comprises a sound detection device and/or a laser detection device; the sound detection device is used for collecting sound signals of corresponding detection points and preprocessing the sound signals, and short-time traffic flow data are obtained according to the number of peak values of the sound signals in unit time period; the laser detection device is used for acquiring the times of cutting the laser beam by the traffic flow of the corresponding lane in a unit time interval to obtain short-time traffic flow data;
the upper computer 2 takes the preset continuous number short-time traffic flow acquisition devices 1 as an identification unit, divides the detection road section into a plurality of detection sections, judges whether an accident congestion event occurs according to the change state of short-time traffic flow data acquired by each short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1 in each detection section, and determines the position of the accident congestion event.
The short-time traffic flow collecting device 1 arranged on the side of the expressway is used for collecting sound signals and/or laser signals corresponding to detection points, obtaining short-time traffic flow data by counting the number of sound signal peaks and/or cutting the number of laser beam correlation, and judging whether an accident congestion event occurs according to the change state of short-time traffic flow data of each detection point. During implementation, short-time traffic flow data can be obtained through the sound signals or the laser signals singly, and the sound signals and the laser signals can be obtained at the same time to obtain the short-time traffic flow data and mutually verify the short-time traffic flow data, so that the detection accuracy is guaranteed. In the scheme, whether an accident congestion event occurs can be analyzed by only acquiring the sound signals and/or the laser signals of the detection points, so that the cost is low, and the method is suitable for large-scale installation; the method has the advantages of low calculation cost, capability of quickly judging whether the accident congestion event and the position occur, and high real-time performance. Without the limitation of weather, lighting, high-speed flow and other factors.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the short-time traffic flow collecting device 1 includes a sound detecting unit 12 and/or a laser detecting unit 18, a calculating and processing unit 11, a wireless communication unit 13, and a solar power supply module, and the sound detecting unit 12 and/or the laser detecting unit 18, the calculating and processing unit 11, and the wireless communication unit 13 are connected to the solar power supply module. Simple structure, low cost and wide application range.
In this embodiment, the solar power supply module includes a solar photovoltaic array and a solar battery plate connected to the solar photovoltaic array, and the solar photovoltaic array converts solar energy into electric energy to be stored in the solar battery plate, so as to supply power to the sound detection unit 12, the calculation processing unit 11, and the wireless communication unit 13. The short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1 is powered by the solar power supply module, so that the short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1 is not limited by the difficult condition of power supply.
The sound detection unit 12 is used for collecting sound signals of corresponding detection points and transmitting the sound signals to the calculation processing unit 11. The sound detection unit can be a microphone, and after receiving the sound signal, the sound signal is converted into a digital signal by the AD/a conversion module and transmitted to the calculation processing unit 11. In other preferred embodiments, the sound detecting unit 12 includes a triangular channel 17 disposed vertically and a microphone disposed at the tail end of the triangular channel. The vertical triangular channel 17 is arranged at the front end of the microphone for receiving sound, so that the sound receiving range of the microphone can be shrunk, the sound receiving effect of the sound in the direction opposite to the triangular channel is enhanced, the sound receiving effect of the sound in the direction opposite to the direction is weakened, the wave crest of a sound signal is more obvious, and the detection precision is improved.
The laser detection unit 18 is used for collecting laser signals of corresponding detection points and transmitting the laser signals to the calculation processing unit 11.
The calculation processing unit 11 comprises a data processing module, a timing module and a data storage module, wherein the data storage module is used for storing data, the timing module is used for matching time information for the detected short-time traffic flow data, and the data processing module is an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit) singlechip. The data processing module is used for preprocessing the sound signals and obtaining short-time traffic flow data according to the sound signal peak value number in unit time period; and/or the short-time traffic flow data are obtained according to the laser signal blocking-recovery cycle times in the unit time interval; and transmitting the short-time traffic flow data and the ID code of the short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1 to the upper computer 2 through the wireless communication unit 13.
The specific process of preprocessing the sound signal and obtaining the short-time traffic flow data according to the peak value number of the sound signal in unit time interval comprises the following steps:
a1: the calculation processing unit 11 performs spatial filtering preprocessing on the sound signals, samples and divides frames, and calculates the instantaneous energy of each frame of sound signal segment; the instantaneous energy E of the ith frame of sound signal segment is calculated by the following method:
Figure BDA0003213062950000071
where N is the length of each frame of sound signal segment (time series), w () is a short time window function, t is the sound sampling point time, x (t) is the sound intensity at the sampling time, SiIs the initial sampling time of the sound signal segment of the ith frame. In this embodiment, N is selected to be 100-300 at a sampling frequency of 11025Hz, and the corresponding time is 10-30 ms.
A2: observing the instantaneous energy of each frame of sound signal segment in time sequence, and passing a trolley through the detection points to obtain a complete sound energy-time function relationEnergy peak composition. In order to avoid the influence of the background noise, setting an environment background noise real-time dynamic energy threshold: firstly, identifying a sound signal energy peak consisting of a rising edge and a falling edge; identifying a second sound signal energy peak in the same manner; calculating the average energy between the falling edge and the rising edge of the energy peaks of the two sound signals on the time sequence, and setting the average energy as an initialization energy threshold; when a new sound signal energy peak exceeding the initialized energy threshold value appears in the time sequence, the average energy between the sound signal energy peaks in the previous preset time length is updated and calculated by taking the sound signal energy peak as a base point, and the average energy is taken as an environment background noise real-time energy threshold value; in this embodiment, the preset time is 1 minute, and the average energy calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003213062950000081
wherein, L is the total frame number of the sound segment between the rising edge and the falling edge of each peak in 1 minute before the new sound signal energy peak is the base point, EiIs the instantaneous energy of the sound signal segment of the ith frame.
A3: identifying a single waveform which exceeds an environmental background noise real-time dynamic energy threshold and has a sound signal energy peak value, and marking a peak value cough relieving in a world time sequence to be used as a vehicle passing event at the moment;
a4: and using the current time as a base point, using a preset unit time interval as a time window, and identifying the number of sound signal energy peak values appearing in one time window forward in the time sequence as short-time traffic flow data.
Because the influence of weather and surrounding environment on the environmental background noise is not fixed and unchangeable, the energy threshold value of the environmental background noise is dynamically adjusted through real-time updating, the influence of a sound signal peak value generated by passing of a non-vehicle is avoided, and the accuracy of short-time traffic flow data detection is improved.
The specific process of preprocessing the laser signal and obtaining the short-time traffic flow data according to the laser signal blocking-recovery cycle times in a unit time interval comprises the following steps:
when no vehicle passes through, the laser signal is in a state of 0, when the vehicle passes through, the vehicle body blocks the correlation laser beam, after the vehicle drives away, the correlation laser beam is reconnected, and the process of quickly blocking and restoring the primary signal is recorded as a state of 1;
and marking the time when the 1 state is generated at each time in the world time sequence, recording the time as a vehicle passing event together, and further counting to obtain short-time traffic flow data.
The ID code of the short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1 comprises a highway national province road number, a traffic flow direction, kilometers, a detection point sequence number and road characteristics. In this embodiment, the assignment manner of the ID number is: highway country road number-traffic flow direction-K kilometers-X (M) -road characteristics. Wherein the traffic flow direction is represented by E/S/W/N in the south, the east and the west; in X (M), M represents the total number of detection points within 1 kilometer, X represents the serial numbers in M detection points, and the serial numbers are consistent with the traffic flow direction from small to large; the road characteristics include a general linear section ST, an estuary section HA, a ramp intercommunication RA, a service area section SE, and the like. Such as ID coding: G60-S-K1705-5(5) -ST, which indicates that the detection point is the 5 th detection point (1705km-1706km in total) of the high-speed southward direction 1705km in Kyoto hong Kong, Australia, and the detection point is a common linear road section. The detection point is co-directionally adjacent to the detection point whose ID is encoded as G60-S-K1706-1(5) -ST. By setting information such as national provincial road number, traffic flow direction, kilometers, detection point serial number, road characteristics and the like of the expressway, the position of an accident site can be conveniently confirmed.
It should be noted that, in a preferred embodiment, the short-term traffic flow collecting device 1 includes two sound detecting units 12 with opposite sound collecting directions, in practice, the short-term traffic flow collecting device 1 may be installed along a central guardrail of a highroad, the two sound detecting units 12 respectively face two-way lanes, and are perpendicular to a road surface, and then one device can simultaneously collect two-way traffic flow data, so as to save cost. The two sound detection units 12 transmit data to the calculation processing unit 11 through two interfaces, and the calculation processing unit 11 assigns a value to the traffic direction in the ID number according to the input interface of the data.
In specific implementation, a GPRS/3G/4G/5G remote wireless communication module can be selectively configured for each short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1, so that each short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1 uploads data by the upper computer 2 in advance. Preferably, a preset number of short-time traffic flow acquisition devices 1 are taken as a group, each group designates one short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1 to be configured with GPRS/3G/4G/5G remote wireless communication modules, all the short-time traffic flow acquisition devices 1 in the group are configured with short-range wireless communication modules such as ZigBee modules/WBEE modules/LORA modules and the like, the short-time traffic flow acquisition devices 1 in each group transmit acquired data to the established short-time traffic flow acquisition devices 1 through the short-range wireless communication modules, and then the established short-time traffic flow acquisition devices 1 transmit the received data and poems acquired by the short-time traffic flow acquisition devices 1 to an upper computer 2 through the remote wireless communication modules. When the instruction transmitted by the upper computer 2 is received reversely, the instruction transmission process is opposite, and details are not described herein.
In actual highway conditions, the following rules exist:
rule 1: when vehicles at an accident congestion point slowly move or queue up and stop, waveform sound energy during high-speed passing cannot be generated, the waveform sound energy cannot be induced by the adjacent short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1, and the short-time traffic flow at a detection point is 0. Therefore, if the congestion point cannot pass, no vehicle passes at a downstream detection point, the detected short-time traffic flow value is reduced and gradually becomes 0, and the value cannot be detected for a long time unless the traffic flow is recovered; if a bottleneck lane is left for slow traffic, the short-time traffic flow of a detection point of a downstream road section is less than that of an upstream uncongested road section, and the detected small-flow value begins to increase.
Rule 2: with the lapse of time, the length of a jammed vehicle fleet which slowly runs or stops waiting will be increased towards an upstream road section against the traffic flow direction, the short-time traffic flow numerical value of a detection point corresponding to the upstream jammed road section directly changes the normal traffic flow numerical value into a 0 value, and the transition process of 'normal flow value-small flow numerical value-flow 0 value' cannot occur. Based on the short-time traffic flow value of the upstream detection point, the normal traffic flow value is directly changed into 0 value, and then the tail end position of the jammed traffic flow can be determined.
Rule 3: in a high-flow high-speed road section, when a low-speed large vehicle runs in parallel for a long time or climbs a slope, the jam of an upstream vehicle also causes that the short-time traffic flow of a detection point of a downstream road section is smaller than the short-time traffic flow of an uncongested road section of the upstream, and the detected small-flow numerical value is increased.
Rule 4: the numerical value of each detection point close to the average short-term traffic flow numerical value accounts for a ratio, and the upper detection point is larger than the lower detection point and is larger than the accident jam detection point.
Rule 5: on a road section with small traffic flow, one or two vehicles are broken down or congestion cannot be caused by single-side accidents, after the vehicle has an accident, if no vehicle passes through the upstream, the value of the upstream adjacent detection point is 1, and the value of each downstream detection point is 0.
Based on the basic rules, the upper computer 2 judges whether an accident congestion event occurs according to the change state of the short-time traffic flow data acquired by each short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1 in each short-time traffic flow identification unit, and specifically includes:
b1: for each short-time traffic flow identification unit, classifying and overlapping short-time traffic flow data uploaded by all the short-time traffic flow acquisition devices 1 every time according to the numerical value, and obtaining the short-time traffic flow-uploading cycle grade distribution condition with the uploading sequence as a horizontal axis and the short-time traffic flow data as a vertical axis; as shown in fig. 4, an example graph of short-time traffic flow-upload cycle level distribution under two road conditions of large flow and small flow is provided;
b2: according to the short-time traffic flow-uploading cycle grade distribution condition, starting identification on the first increase condition of the proportion occupied by the short-time traffic flow data distributed on the lower grade, and if the proportion occupied by the short-time traffic flow data distributed on the lower grade for the second time continues to increase, judging that the road section is a short-time traffic flow abnormal unit;
b3: counting short-time traffic flow data uploaded by all short-time traffic flow acquisition devices 1 in a short-time traffic flow identification unit each time according to times to obtain short-time traffic flow-detection point level distribution conditions, wherein detection points which are arranged in the arrangement sequence of a preset number of short-time traffic flow acquisition devices 1 are a horizontal axis, and short-time traffic flow data are a vertical axis; as shown in fig. 5, an exemplary graph of short-term traffic flow-detection point level distribution obtained by uploading data three times in succession is provided;
b4: checking whether an accident exists in the short-time traffic flow abnormal unit, according to the grade distribution condition of short-time traffic flow-detection points, if the short-time traffic flow data of one detection point is reduced in a manner that the short-time traffic flow data is comparably lower than the data uploaded last time, the reduction rate of the detection point is more than a threshold value than the previous detection point, and the short-time traffic flow data of the detection point and a downstream road section adjacent to the detection point are continuously reduced comparably, the reduction rate of the downstream road section adjacent to the detection point is still more than the threshold value than that of an upstream road section adjacent to the detection point, even the reduction rate of the short-time traffic flow data of the nearest detection point of the upstream road section is more than that of the previous detection point, then judging: an accident congestion event exists in the middle road section between two adjacent detection points when the initial short-time traffic flow data descending rate exceeds the threshold value.
Under normal conditions, the short-term traffic flow data acquired by each short-term traffic flow acquisition device 1 in one short-term traffic flow identification unit are generally balanced, fluctuation occurs only in a short time, and once a traffic accident occurs, the proportion of the short-term traffic flow data distributed at a lower level is increased, and the short-term traffic flow data are further increased along with the lapse of time. Based on the short-term traffic flow-uploading cycle grade distribution condition, the short-term traffic flow abnormal unit can be identified; and finally, determining whether a traffic accident occurs, wherein if the traffic accident occurs, the short-time traffic flow data detected by a plurality of continuous detection points suddenly and greatly drop at a certain detection point, and the short-time traffic flow data of the detection point positioned at the downstream of the detection point also greatly drops along with the time. Therefore, whether a traffic accident occurs and a position section where the traffic accident occurs can be confirmed by counting the short-term traffic flow-detection point level distribution for multiple times. The accident detection method fully considers the fault tolerance of the short-time traffic flow detection device for detecting whether the data obtained by parallel vehicle sound or laser is possibly lower than the actual value, and can accurately judge whether an accident occurs and position the accident occurrence point section by setting a threshold value, comparing the data uploaded in multiple rounds and combining the regular characteristics of the traffic flow before and after the accident congestion point when the accident occurs.
In an optional embodiment, the laser detection unit 18 is a laser correlation module, and determines whether an accident congestion event occurs according to a signal acquired by the laser correlation module, where the process includes:
counting the time consumption length of the '1' state in each signal disconnection and reconnection process; if the time-consuming length of the one-time complete 1 state process of the detection point is gradually lengthened, the judgment can be rapidly carried out, and the speed of the vehicle passing through the detection point is slowed down. If the average time is more than 3 seconds, the congestion event can be basically judged to occur in front of the road at the detection point, and if the time consumption is not shortened again and is increased along with the time, the accident congestion event occurs in front.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a highway accident early warning system, which comprises an early warning module and a highway accident rapid detection system as described in embodiment 1;
the early warning module comprises a visible laser emission unit 14, an LED array 15 and a display screen 16 which are arranged on each short-time traffic flow acquisition device 1;
when the rapid detection system for the expressway accident identifies the accident congestion event, generating an early warning instruction and wirelessly transmitting the early warning instruction to the early warning module within the preset range of the position of the accident congestion event; the rapid detection system for the high road accident is also used for monitoring the tail end position of a jammed traffic stream at the upstream of the position of the accident jam event in real time; generating an early warning instruction and wirelessly transmitting the early warning instruction to the early warning module within a preset range of the position of the tail end of the congested traffic;
the early warning module is after receiving the early warning instruction, visual laser emission unit 14 is perpendicular or be certain inclination transmission visual laser to the sky, LED array 15 carries out red blue scintillation and reminds, display screen 16 carries out early warning and shows.
The method for monitoring the position of the tail end of the upstream congestion traffic flow at the position of the accident congestion event in real time is the same as the principle for judging the position of the accident congestion event, the length of a vehicle team which is congested and slowly driven or stopped to wait is increased towards an upstream road section along the traffic flow direction along with the lapse of time after the position of the traffic congestion event is determined, the traffic flow value corresponding to a detection point of the upstream congestion road section in a short time directly changes the normal traffic flow value into a 0 value, and the transition process of the normal flow value-small flow value-flow 0 value is avoided. The detection point of 'the normal traffic flow value is directly changed into 0 value' of the short-time traffic flow value at the upstream can be determined in real time through the short-time traffic flow-detection point grade distribution condition, and then the tail end position of the jammed traffic flow can be determined.
When an accident congestion sending event is detected, an early warning signal can be sent out through the early warning module in time, the laser emitting unit is used for emitting visible laser, accidents in front of upstream vehicles can be remotely reminded at night, drivers are reminded of the accidents, and meanwhile, the accidents are reminded in multiple modes through the LED array 15 and the display screen 16, so that the early warning information is guaranteed to be timely and accurately transmitted to the upstream vehicles, and secondary accidents are avoided. And the position of the tail end of the jammed traffic flow is monitored in real time, and the early warning range is adjusted in real time according to the position of the tail end of the jammed traffic flow, so that secondary safety accidents are avoided.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in implementation, the laser emitting unit, the LED array 15 and the display screen 16 are powered by the solar power supply module, the laser emitting unit is disposed on the top of the short-term traffic flow collecting device 1, and the LED array 15 and the display screen 16 are disposed in the direction of the incoming train of the short-term traffic flow collecting device 1. For the short-time traffic flow collecting device 1 integrated with the bidirectional sound signal collection, the LED arrays 15 and the display screen 16 are arranged on the two sides of the short-time traffic flow collecting device.
Preferably, the early warning module further comprises a mobile phone terminal and a vehicle-mounted terminal, the upper computer 2 transmits the position of the accident congestion event, the position of the tail end of the congested traffic flow and the early warning time to a server end of a map navigation company through a private network (traffic police and map company police-enterprise linkage protocols such as high, Baidu and Tencent), the server end of the map navigation company defines an early warning electronic fence in a preset range around the position of the accident congestion event or the position of the tail end of the congested traffic flow, the early warning information is wirelessly transmitted to the navigation mobile phone terminal or the vehicle-mounted terminal which enters the range of the early warning electronic fence and drives to the position of the accident congestion event or the position of the tail end of the congested traffic flow, and the information of the congestion point position and the deceleration slow running safety prompt information are broadcasted through voice.
Considering that map navigation can be started when a large number of drivers drive, the accident congestion event position, the tail end position of the congested traffic stream and the early warning time are transmitted to a map navigation company server through a private network, and then the map navigation company server sends early warning information at a mobile phone terminal or a vehicle-mounted terminal of a vehicle entering an early warning range, so that the drivers can receive the early warning information in time.
Preferably, the early warning module further comprises a far-end portal frame overline electronic display screen and an expressway side LED display module. When the accident early warning is started, according to the early warning position, the controller of the related electronic display screen/LED display module issues distance early warning information according to the position information of the accident point received through the private network and the same-direction distance of the controller, and if the controller issues preset warning information such as 'warning condition accident in XX kilometers ahead, please slow down and walk'.
Preferably, the early warning module further comprises a voice broadcast device which is arranged in an on-duty law enforcement police vehicle or a road administration vehicle in a preset range of the accident early warning point and in a comprehensive research and judgment room or a command and dispatch room of a management department in the jurisdiction of a road section of the accident early warning point, and voice broadcast is carried out on the accident early warning position information in the jurisdiction according to the early warning signal wirelessly transmitted by the upper computer 2.
Preferably, the system further comprises a statistic module; and (3) carrying out statistics on data records such as position information of early warning of each accident point, and the like, so as to evaluate and identify high-risk road sections and point section conditions of the highway network in a target area in a period of time, and provide reference for the high-speed traffic police, the road administration and the road management and management enterprises to investigate the risk hidden danger of the road.
Preferably, the system further comprises a display marking module, and when the accident early warning is started, information such as accident early warning point positions, directions, tail end changes of the jammed traffic flows and the like is marked on a PC (personal computer) end computer screen or a highway road network map of a large electronic screen of a traffic command center. And the position conditions of police cars and road administration vehicles in the target area and a GPS or Beidou positioning system are displayed, and reference is provided for commanding, scheduling and optimizing police service deployment to realize high-efficiency alarm receiving and handling.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a rapid detection method for highway accidents, which comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring sound signals and/or laser signals collected from detection points arranged along a highway according to a preset time interval and preprocessing the sound signals and/or the laser signals;
s2: obtaining short-time traffic flow data according to the sound signal peak value number or the number of times of cutting the correlation laser beam in unit time interval;
s3: the method comprises the steps of taking a preset continuous number of detection points as an identification unit, dividing a detection road section into a plurality of detection sections, and judging whether an accident congestion event occurs according to the change state of short-time traffic flow data collected by each detection point in each detection section.
The specific implementation process of the above steps is referred to as embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a highway accident early warning method, which comprises the following steps:
when the rapid detection method for the highway accidents is adopted to identify the accident congestion event, the early warning instruction is generated and transmitted to the early warning module in the preset range of the accident congestion event position for early warning;
monitoring the tail end position of a jammed traffic stream at the upstream of the position of the accident jam event in real time; and generating an early warning instruction and transmitting the early warning instruction to an early warning module in a preset range of the tail end position of the congested traffic flow for early warning.
The specific implementation process of the above steps is referred to in the foregoing embodiments 1 to 3, and will not be described herein again.
It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments may be mutually referred to, and the same or similar parts in other embodiments may be referred to for the content which is not described in detail in some embodiments.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
The invention adopts a front-end single-channel microphone to identify the passing vehicles in a mode of detecting and calculating the minimum cost, calculate the short-time traffic flow of a lane, calculate and analyze the short-time traffic flow data of each detection point, quickly judge whether an accident occurs and the position interval of the accident, automatically start vehicle navigation early warning and electronic display screen early warning in a preset range (such as 5 kilometers) of the accident incoming direction, and automatically start visible laser and flashing light road early warning at intervals of 2 kilometers, 1 kilometer and 500 meters, and synchronously match the visible laser and flashing light road early warning at the tail end of the congested traffic flow at intervals of 2 kilometers, 1 kilometer and 500 meters before traffic polices and road administration are driven to the site. The system can rapidly detect and early warn accidents in 24 hours, is not limited by various conditions such as weather, illumination, power supply, high-speed flow and the like, has very low price of front-end equipment such as detection and early warning and the like, and is suitable for large-scale installation.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A rapid detection system for highway accidents is characterized by comprising an upper computer and a plurality of short-time traffic flow acquisition devices which are arranged at intervals along a highway;
the short-time traffic flow acquisition device is used for acquiring short-time traffic flow data corresponding to the detection points and wirelessly transmitting the short-time traffic flow data to the upper computer according to a preset time interval; the short-time traffic flow acquisition device comprises a sound detection device and/or a laser detection device; the sound detection device is used for collecting sound signals of corresponding detection points and preprocessing the sound signals, and short-time traffic flow data are obtained according to the number of peak values of the sound signals in unit time period; the laser detection device is used for acquiring the times of cutting the laser beam by the traffic flow of the corresponding lane in a unit time interval to obtain short-time traffic flow data;
the upper computer takes a preset continuous number of short-time traffic flow acquisition devices as an identification unit, divides a detection road section into a plurality of detection sections, judges whether an accident congestion event occurs according to the change state of short-time traffic flow data acquired by each short-time traffic flow acquisition device in each detection section, and determines the position of the accident congestion event.
2. The system for rapidly detecting the highway accident according to claim 1, wherein the short-time traffic flow collecting device comprises a sound detecting unit and/or a laser detecting unit, a calculating and processing unit, a wireless communication unit and a solar power supply module, and the sound detecting unit and/or the laser detecting unit, the calculating and processing unit and the wireless communication unit are connected with the solar power supply module;
the sound detection unit is used for collecting sound signals of detection points corresponding to the sound detection unit and transmitting the sound signals to the calculation processing unit;
the laser detection unit is used for collecting laser signals of corresponding detection points and transmitting the laser signals to the calculation processing unit;
the calculation processing unit is used for preprocessing the sound signals and obtaining short-time traffic flow data according to the peak value number of the sound signals in unit time period; and/or the short-time traffic flow data are obtained according to the laser signal blocking-recovery cycle times in the unit time interval; and transmitting the short-time traffic flow data and the ID code of the short-time traffic flow acquisition device to an upper computer through the wireless communication unit.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the computing unit preprocesses the sound signal, and the specific process of obtaining the short-time traffic stream data according to the peak number of the sound signal in a unit time interval comprises:
the computing processing unit performs spatial filtering preprocessing on the sound signals, samples and divides frames, and computes the instantaneous energy of each frame of sound fragment;
setting an environment background noise real-time dynamic energy threshold: firstly, identifying a sound signal energy peak consisting of a rising edge and a falling edge; identifying a second sound signal energy peak in the same manner; calculating the average energy between the falling edge and the rising edge of the energy peaks of the two sound signals on the time sequence, and setting the average energy as an initialization energy threshold; when a new sound signal energy peak exceeding the initialized energy threshold value appears in the time sequence, the average energy between the sound signal energy peaks in the previous preset time length is updated and calculated by taking the sound signal energy peak as a base point, and the average energy is taken as an environment background noise real-time energy threshold value;
identifying a single waveform which exceeds an environmental background noise real-time dynamic energy threshold and has a sound signal energy peak value, and marking the peak value position of the single waveform in a world time sequence to be used as a vehicle passing event at the moment;
the method comprises the steps that the current time is used as a base point, a preset unit time interval is used as a time window, and the number of sound signal energy peak values appearing in one time window is identified forwards on a time sequence to serve as short-time traffic flow data;
the specific process that the calculation processing unit carries out preprocessing on the laser signal and obtains the short-time traffic flow data according to the laser signal blocking-recovery cycle times in the unit time interval comprises the following steps:
when no vehicle passes through, the laser signal is in a state of 0, when the vehicle passes through, the vehicle body blocks the correlation laser beam, after the vehicle drives away, the correlation laser beam is reconnected, and the process of quickly blocking and restoring the primary signal is recorded as a state of 1;
and marking the time when the 1 state is generated at each time in the world time sequence, recording the time as a vehicle passing event together, and further counting to obtain short-time traffic flow data.
4. The rapid detection system for highway accidents according to claim 2, wherein the sound detection unit comprises a triangular channel vertically arranged and a microphone arranged at the tail end of the triangular channel.
5. The system for rapidly detecting the highway accident according to claim 2, wherein the ID code of the short-time traffic flow collecting device comprises a highway national province road number, a traffic flow direction, kilometers, a detection point serial number and road characteristics.
6. The system for rapidly detecting the highway accident according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the upper computer judges whether the accident congestion event occurs according to the change state of the short-time traffic flow data collected by each short-time traffic flow collecting device in each detection section, and specifically comprises:
for each detection interval, classifying and superposing short-term traffic flow data uploaded by all short-term traffic flow acquisition devices each time according to the numerical values to obtain the short-term traffic flow-uploading cycle grade distribution condition with the uploading sequence as a horizontal axis and the short-term traffic flow data as a vertical axis;
according to the short-time traffic flow-uploading cycle grade distribution condition, starting identification on the first increase condition of the proportion occupied by the short-time traffic flow data distributed on the lower grade, and if the proportion occupied by the short-time traffic flow data distributed on the lower grade for the second time continues to increase, judging that the road section is a short-time traffic flow abnormity identification unit;
for the identification unit which is judged to be abnormal in short-term traffic flow, short-term traffic flow data uploaded by all short-term traffic flow acquisition devices in the detection interval to which the identification unit belongs are counted according to times to obtain the short-term traffic flow-detection point grade distribution condition that the detection points arranged in the arrangement sequence of the short-term traffic flow acquisition devices with the preset number are the horizontal axis and the short-term traffic flow data are the vertical axis;
checking whether an accident exists in the short-time traffic flow abnormal unit, according to the grade distribution condition of short-time traffic flow-detection points, if the short-time traffic flow data of one detection point is reduced in a manner that the short-time traffic flow data is comparably lower than the data uploaded last time, the reduction rate of the detection point is more than a threshold value than the previous detection point, and the short-time traffic flow data of the detection point and a downstream road section adjacent to the detection point are continuously reduced comparably, the reduction rate of the downstream road section adjacent to the detection point is still more than the threshold value than that of an upstream road section adjacent to the detection point, even the reduction rate of the short-time traffic flow data of the nearest detection point of the upstream road section is more than that of the previous detection point, then judging: an accident congestion event exists in the middle road section between two adjacent detection points when the initial short-time traffic flow data descending rate exceeds the threshold value.
7. A highway accident early warning system, which is characterized by comprising an early warning module and a highway accident rapid detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
the early warning module comprises a visible laser emitting unit, an LED array and a display screen which are arranged on each short-time traffic flow collecting device;
when the rapid detection system for the expressway accident identifies the accident congestion event, generating an early warning instruction and wirelessly transmitting the early warning instruction to the early warning module within the preset range of the position of the accident congestion event; the rapid detection system for the high road accident is also used for monitoring the tail end position of a jammed traffic stream at the upstream of the position of the accident jam event in real time; generating an early warning instruction and wirelessly transmitting the early warning instruction to the early warning module within a preset range of the position of the tail end of the congested traffic;
the early warning module is after receiving the early warning instruction, visual laser emission unit is perpendicular or be certain inclination transmission visual laser to the sky, the LED array carries out red blue scintillation and reminds, the display screen carries out early warning and shows.
8. The highway accident early warning system according to claim 7, wherein the early warning module further comprises a mobile phone terminal and a vehicle-mounted terminal, the upper computer transmits an accident congestion event position, a congestion traffic tail end position and early warning time to a map navigation company server end through a private network, the map navigation company server end defines an early warning electronic fence in a preset range around the accident congestion event position or the congestion traffic tail end position, and early warning information is wirelessly transmitted to the navigation mobile phone terminal or the vehicle-mounted terminal which is driven to the accident congestion event position or the congestion traffic tail end position in the early warning electronic fence range.
9. A rapid detection method for highway accidents is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring sound signals and/or laser signals collected from detection points arranged along a highway according to a preset time interval and preprocessing the sound signals and/or the laser signals;
obtaining short-time traffic flow data according to the sound signal peak value number or the number of times of cutting the correlation laser beam in unit time interval;
the method comprises the steps of taking a preset continuous number of detection points as an identification unit, dividing a detection road section into a plurality of detection intervals, judging whether an accident congestion event occurs or not according to the change state of short-time traffic flow data collected by each detection point in each detection interval, and determining the position of the accident congestion event.
10. A highway accident early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the rapid detection method for the highway accident according to claim 9 is adopted to identify the accident congestion event, generating an early warning instruction and transmitting the early warning instruction to an early warning module within a preset range of the position of the accident congestion event for early warning;
monitoring the tail end position of a jammed traffic stream at the upstream of the position of the accident jam event in real time; and generating an early warning instruction and transmitting the early warning instruction to an early warning module in a preset range of the tail end position of the congested traffic flow for early warning.
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