CN113642793B - Multi-region power grid collaborative optimization scheduling method based on collaborative game - Google Patents

Multi-region power grid collaborative optimization scheduling method based on collaborative game Download PDF

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CN113642793B
CN113642793B CN202110931346.3A CN202110931346A CN113642793B CN 113642793 B CN113642793 B CN 113642793B CN 202110931346 A CN202110931346 A CN 202110931346A CN 113642793 B CN113642793 B CN 113642793B
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regional power
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CN113642793A (en
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徐业琰
廖思阳
齐金山
姚良忠
王晶晶
李烨
王剑锋
王新迎
李健
王天昊
陈培育
马世乾
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Wuhan University WHU
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
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Wuhan University WHU
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a multi-region power grid collaborative optimization scheduling method based on collaborative games. Firstly, considering the operation safety of a regional power distribution network and the constraint of related equipment, constructing a regional power grid day-ahead optimization scheduling model when not participating in cooperative games; considering the running safety constraint of the inter-regional power transmission line, and constructing a multi-regional power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling model based on the cooperative game based on the regional power grid day-ahead optimization scheduling model when the cooperative game is not participated; calculating the contribution degree of each regional power grid to the cooperative targets based on a VCG mechanism, and realizing fair allocation of the cooperative targets of the daily collaborative optimization scheduling model of the multi-regional power grid among the regional power grids according to the contribution degree; and generating a multi-region power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling scheme based on the collaborative game by adopting a distributed algorithm. The method and the system realize joint optimization of daily scheduling cost of each regional power grid while meeting the requirement of safe operation of the regional power grid and the inter-regional power transmission line.

Description

Multi-region power grid collaborative optimization scheduling method based on collaborative game
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power system optimization scheduling research, in particular to a multi-region power grid collaborative optimization scheduling method based on collaborative games.
Background
In order to realize the wide-area collaborative consumption of new energy, china forms a multi-region power grid interconnection pattern, how to realize the collaborative optimization scheduling of the multi-region power grid, and realizes the local and global optimization targets of the power grid while maintaining the safe operation of the power system, thereby becoming a research hotspot. In the multi-region interconnected power system, each regional power grid has a self-dispatching target and safe operation constraint, and the power flow power and the node voltage on the power transmission lines between the interconnected regional power grids also need to meet the safe operation constraint, so how to realize the self-dispatching target of each regional power grid through cooperative optimization between the regional power grids on the premise of meeting the safe constraint of the regional power grids and the power transmission lines between the regions becomes a difficult point.
At present, most of the existing multi-region power grid collaborative optimization scheduling methods and technologies focus on research of a distributed optimization scheduling algorithm, neglect the collaborative and competitive relation of scheduling targets among the region power grids, and are difficult to effectively balance the conflict and contradiction of interests of each region power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the optimized scheduling of the multi-region power grid interconnection system, and provides a multi-region power grid collaborative optimization scheduling method based on a collaborative game, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: respectively constructing regional power grid internal load demand constraint, regional power grid internal voltage safety constraint, regional power grid internal traditional generator constraint, regional power grid internal flexible load constraint and regional power grid internal distributed power supply constraint, and constructing a regional power grid day-ahead optimization scheduling model when the cooperative game is not participated;
step 2: taking inter-regional power transmission line operation safety constraint into consideration, and constructing a multi-regional power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling model based on cooperative game based on the regional power grid internal load demand constraint, the regional power grid internal voltage safety constraint, the regional power grid internal traditional generator constraint, the regional power grid internal flexible load constraint and the regional power grid internal distributed power supply constraint in the step 1;
step 3: calculating the contribution degree of each regional power grid to a cooperative target based on a VCG mechanism, and realizing fair allocation of the cooperative target of the daily collaborative optimization scheduling model of the multi-regional power grid in the step 2 among the regional power grids according to the contribution degree to obtain an optimization target of each regional power grid after the allocation participates in a collaborative game;
step 4: and generating a multi-region power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling scheme based on the collaborative game by adopting a distributed algorithm.
Preferably, the regional power grid internal load demand constraint in step 1 is:
wherein the method comprises the steps of，Representing active power generated by a traditional generator at a kth node of the regional power grid i; />Representing reactive power generated by a traditional generator at a kth node of the regional power grid i; />Representing active power sent by a distributed power supply at a kth node of the regional power grid i; />Representing reactive power sent by a distributed power supply at a kth node of the regional power grid i; />Active power is loaded at a kth node; />Responding to the active power for the flexible load at the kth node;load reactive power at the kth node; />Responding reactive power to the flexible load at the kth node; v (V) k (t) represents the voltage amplitude at node k inside regional power grid i; v (V) i0 (t) represents the voltage amplitude at regional power grid i transmission and distribution node i 0; θ km (t) represents the voltage phase angle difference between node k and node m; θ k0 (t) represents the voltage phase angle difference between node k and the transmission and distribution node i 0; g km Representing the line conductance between the nodes k and m, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the nodes k and m; b (B) km Representing the line susceptance between the nodes k and m, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the nodes k and m; g k0 Representing the conductance of a line between an internal node k of the regional power grid i and a transmission and distribution node i0, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the node k and the transmission and distribution node i 0; b (B) k0 Representing susceptance of a line between an internal node k of the regional power grid i and a transmission and distribution node i0, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the node k and the transmission and distribution node i 0; n (N) i The node set is the node set inside the regional power grid i; />Active power at a transmission and distribution node i0 of the regional power grid i is provided, the purchase power is positive, and the sold power is negative; />Reactive power at a transmission and distribution node i0 of the regional power grid i is provided, the purchase power is positive, and the sold power is negative.
The internal voltage safety constraint of the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,V k a lower allowable limit is set for the voltage amplitude of the kth node in the regional power grid i;an upper limit is allowed for the voltage amplitude of the kth node within regional power grid i.
The constraint of the traditional generator in the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,the method is a set of nodes where the traditional generators are located in the regional power grid i; />The lower limit of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is set; />The upper limit of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is set; />The lower limit of reactive power of the traditional generator at the node k is set; />The upper limit of reactive power of the traditional generator at the node k is set; />The maximum downward climbing speed of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is set; />The maximum upward climbing speed of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is set; Δt is the scheduling time interval.
The flexible load constraint in the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,the method is a set of nodes where flexible loads in the regional power grid i are located; />Active power is reduced for the maximum allowable flexible load at the node k; />Active power is increased for maximum allowable flexible load at node k; />Is the load power factor angle at node k.
The constraint of the distributed power supply in the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,a set of nodes where distributed power supplies are located in the regional power grid i; />Maximum generated power of the distributed power supply at the node k in the period t; s is S k,DG Is the installed capacity of the distributed power supply at node k.
The optimization objective of the regional power grid day-ahead optimization scheduling model when not participating in the cooperative game in step 1 is to minimize the daily scheduling cost of the regional power grid:
wherein C is i Scheduling the cost for a day when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game;the power generation cost of the traditional generator in the t period; />Flexible load response cost for period t; />The external power grid electricity purchasing cost of the regional power grid i in the t period; />Regional power grid i for period tIs a local electricity selling benefit; t is the number of scheduling intervals.
Preferably, the safety constraint condition of the transmission line between regional power grids in the step 2 specifically includes:
wherein N is the number of interconnected regional power grids; g ij0 The conductance of the line between the transmission and distribution node i0 and the transmission and distribution node j0 is taken as 0 when the transmission and distribution nodes are not connected; b (B) ij0 The susceptance of a line between the transmission and distribution node i0 and the transmission and distribution node j0 is taken as 0 when the transmission and distribution nodes are not connected; θ ij0 (t) is the voltage phase angle difference between the input and output nodes i0 and j 0;V i0 a lower allowable limit of node voltage amplitude is matched for regional power grid i;an allowable upper limit of node voltage amplitude is matched for regional power grid i;P ij representing the lower limit of transmission power of a transmission line between the regional power grid i and the regional power grid j; />Representing the upper limit of transmission power of the transmission line between the regional power grid i and the regional power grid j.
And step 2, a multi-region power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling model based on the collaborative game is as follows: maximizing social benefit of the multi-region power grid as a cooperative target, namely, the sum of daily optimization targets of the power grids of each region in the step 1, specifically:
c is a multi-region power grid cooperation target;the method comprises the steps that the electricity generation cost of a traditional generator of a regional power grid i in a t period when participating in a cooperative game is increased; />The flexible load response cost of the regional power grid i in the t period when participating in the cooperative game is calculated; />The method comprises the steps of (1) purchasing electricity cost for an external power grid of a regional power grid i in a t period when participating in a cooperative game; />And (5) obtaining local electricity selling benefits of the regional power grid i in the period t when participating in the cooperative game.
Preferably, in the step 3, the contribution degree of each regional power grid to the combined target is calculated based on the VCG mechanism, specifically:
and (2) taking the difference between the total dispatching cost of the rest of regional power grids when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game and the rest of regional power grids when the regional power grid i participates in the cooperative game as the contribution degree of the regional power grid i to the minimized cooperative target in the step (2), wherein a mathematical model is as follows:
wherein C is \i Representing a cooperative target when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game and the rest regional power grids participate in the cooperative game; v (V) i Representing the contribution of the regional power grid i to the target.
And 3, realizing fair allocation of the cooperative targets of the daily cooperative optimization scheduling model of the multi-region power grid in the step 2 among the power grids in each region according to the contribution degree, wherein the optimization targets of the power grids in each region after the allocation and the participation in the cooperative game are as follows:
wherein C' i The optimization target after the regional power grid i participates in the cooperative game is set; c (C) i And (3) dispatching the cost for the regional power grid i in the step (1) in a day when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game.
Preferably, in the step 4, the generating a multi-region power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling scheme based on the collaborative game by adopting a distributed algorithm specifically includes:
taking the optimization target obtained in the step 3 after the regional power grid participates in the cooperative game as a regional power grid dispatching target, taking the regional power grid internal load demand, the regional power grid internal voltage safety constraint, the regional power grid internal traditional generator constraint, the regional power grid internal flexible load constraint and the regional power grid internal distributed power supply constraint in the step 1 and the regional power grid inter-power transmission line operation safety constraint in the step 2 as constraint conditions, and constructing a regional power grid distributed optimization model;
the optimization targets in the regional power grid i distributed optimization model are as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,the unit price of the electric power transaction for the regional power grid i; />Representing the active power set of the traditional generator set inside the regional power grid i,/, a> Representing the active power set of the distributed power supply within regional power grid i, representing the flexible load active power set inside regional power grid i,/-> Reactive power set representing traditional generator set inside regional power grid i, < -> Representing the reactive power set of the distributed power supply inside the regional power grid i,/-, and> the regional power grid internal load demand constraint, the regional power grid internal voltage safety constraint, the regional power grid internal traditional generator constraint, the regional power grid internal flexible load constraint and the regional power grid internal distributed power supply constraint of the step 1 are met, and meanwhile the regional power grid inter-power transmission line safety constraint condition of the step 2 is met.
The state quantity (V) of each regional power grid through the interactive transmission and distribution node i0 (t)、θ ij0 (t)、And power trade unit price->A CPLEX solver is adopted in matlab to solve a regional power grid distributed optimization model to obtain optimization results of traditional generator power in the regional power grid, distributed power supply power in the regional power grid and flexible load response power in the regional power grid, and then the state quantity (V i0 (t)、θ ij0 (t)、/>) And power trade unit price->And repeating iteration until the regional power grid optimization target is not changed, and achieving Nash equilibrium in the cooperative game.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention provides a cooperative game-based multi-region power grid cooperative optimization scheduling method, which adopts a cooperative game strategy to realize the optimal daily total scheduling cost of a multi-region power grid, utilizes a VCG mechanism to realize reasonable fair allocation of total cost among all region power grids, adopts a distributed interactive iterative algorithm, and can realize the joint optimization of the daily total scheduling cost of all region power grids while meeting the safe operation of the regional power grid and the transmission line among the regions through repeated iterative optimization by only needing the state quantity of interactive transmission and distribution nodes and the power trading unit price among all region power grids.
Drawings
Fig. 1: is a flow chart of the method of the invention.
Fig. 2: the multi-region power grid interconnection structure diagram is an interconnection structure diagram of the multi-region power grid.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a cooperative game-based multi-region power grid collaborative optimization scheduling method, which specifically includes:
step 1: respectively constructing regional power grid internal load requirements, regional power grid internal voltage safety constraints, regional power grid internal traditional generator constraints, regional power grid internal flexible load constraints and regional power grid internal distributed power supply constraints, and constructing a regional power grid day-ahead optimization scheduling model when the cooperative game is not participated;
the internal load demand constraint of the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,representing active power generated by a traditional generator at a kth node of the regional power grid i; />Representing reactive power generated by a traditional generator at a kth node of the regional power grid i; />Representing active power sent by a distributed power supply at a kth node of the regional power grid i; />Representing reactive power sent by a distributed power supply at a kth node of the regional power grid i; />Active power is loaded at a kth node; />Responding to the active power for the flexible load at the kth node;load reactive power at the kth node; />Responding reactive power to the flexible load at the kth node; v (V) k (t) represents the voltage amplitude at node k inside regional power grid i; v (V) i0 (t) represents the voltage amplitude at regional power grid i transmission and distribution node i 0; θ km (t) represents the voltage phase angle difference between node k and node m; θ k0 (t) represents the voltage phase angle difference between node k and the transmission and distribution node i 0; g km Representing the line conductance between the nodes k and m, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the nodes k and m; b (B) km Representing the line susceptance between the nodes k and m, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the nodes k and m; g k0 Representing the conductance of a line between an internal node k of the regional power grid i and a transmission and distribution node i0, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the node k and the transmission and distribution node i 0; b (B) k0 Representing susceptance of a line between an internal node k of the regional power grid i and a transmission and distribution node i0, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the node k and the transmission and distribution node i 0; n (N) i The node set is the node set inside the regional power grid i; />Active power at a transmission and distribution node i0 of the regional power grid i; />Reactive power at the transmission and distribution node i0 of the regional power grid i.
The internal voltage safety constraint of the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,V k =0.95p.u., regionThe voltage amplitude of the kth node in the power grid i is allowed to be lower than the allowable limit;an upper limit is allowed for the voltage amplitude of the kth node within regional power grid i.
The constraint of the traditional generator in the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,the method is a set of nodes where the traditional generators are located in the regional power grid i; />The lower limit of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is the value of 0MW in the embodiment of the invention; />The upper limit of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is the value of 10MW in the embodiment of the invention; />The lower limit of the reactive power of the traditional generator at the node k is the value of 0MVar in the embodiment of the invention; />The upper limit of the reactive power of the traditional generator at the node k is the value of 10MVar in the embodiment of the invention; />The maximum downward climbing speed of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is-1 MW/min in the embodiment of the invention; />The maximum upward climbing speed of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is 1MW/min in the embodiment of the invention; Δt is a scheduling time interval, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the value is 15 minutes.
The flexible load constraint in the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,the method is a set of nodes where flexible loads in the regional power grid i are located; />The maximum allowable active power reduction of the flexible load at the node k is realized, and in the embodiment of the invention, the value is 20% of the active power of the load at the current node k;the maximum allowable active power is increased for the flexible load at the node k, and in the embodiment of the invention, the value is 20% of the active power of the load at the current node k; />For the load power factor angle at node k, in the embodiment of the invention, the following is satisfied
The constraint of the distributed power supply in the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,a set of nodes where distributed power supplies are located in the regional power grid i; />The maximum power generated by the distributed power supply at the node k in the t period is the power generated when the distributed power supply operates in the MPPT mode at the moment of t; s is S k,DG The installed capacity of the distributed power supply at the node k is 1MVA in the embodiment of the present invention.
The optimization objective of the regional power grid day-ahead optimization scheduling model when not participating in the cooperative game in step 1 is to minimize the daily scheduling cost of the regional power grid:
wherein C is i Scheduling the cost for a day when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game;the power generation cost of the traditional generator in the t period; />Flexible load response cost for period t; />The external power grid electricity purchasing cost of the regional power grid i in the t period; />The local electricity selling income of the regional power grid i in the t period; t is the number of scheduling intervals.
In particular, in embodiments of the present invention, the cost of conventional generator generationThe specific model is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,and->As the power generation cost coefficient of the traditional power generator, in the embodiment of the invention, the values are respectively 0.5$/MW 2, 1$/MW and-0.02 $.
In particular, in the embodiment of the invention, the flexible load adopts a contractual incentive mechanism, and the user participating in the response is compensated according to the response power and the contracted compensation price, so that the cost of the response of the flexible load is reducedThe functional model of (2) is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,the value of the compensation price of the regional power grid i for the flexible load is the electricity selling price at the moment in the embodiment.
In particular, in embodiments of the present invention, the cost of external electricity purchaseThe cost of purchasing/selling active power from the transmission network through the transmission and distribution node i0 for the regional power network i in the period t is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,and (5) trading unit price for the power of the regional power grid i in the period t.
In particular, in embodiments of the present invention, local electricity sales revenueThe method is the income obtained by selling electricity to the load in the area according to the preset electricity selling unit price of the regional power grid i, and the specific model is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,the electricity selling price which is agreed in advance for the regional power grid i is taken as the step electricity price of residents in the Wuhan city in the embodiment of the invention; />Is a set of load nodes within regional power grid i.
Step 2: considering the running safety constraint of the inter-regional power transmission line, and constructing a multi-regional power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling model based on the cooperative game based on the regional power grid day-ahead optimization scheduling model when the cooperative game is not participated in the step 1;
step 2, combining the safety constraint of the transmission line between regional power grids with the multi-regional power grid interconnection structure diagram (i.e. fig. 2) according to the embodiment of the present invention, specifically includes:
wherein N is the number of interconnected regional power grids; g ij0 The conductance of the line between the transmission and distribution node i0 and the transmission and distribution node j0 is taken as 0 when the transmission and distribution nodes are not connected; b (B) ij0 The susceptance of a line between the transmission and distribution node i0 and the transmission and distribution node j0 is taken as 0 when the transmission and distribution nodes are not connected; θ ij0 (t) is the voltage phase angle difference between the input and output nodes i0 and j 0;V i0 a lower allowable limit of node voltage amplitude is matched for regional power grid i;an allowable upper limit of node voltage amplitude is matched for regional power grid i;P ij representing the lower limit of transmission power of a transmission line between the regional power grid i and the regional power grid j; />Representing the upper limit of transmission power of the transmission line between the regional power grid i and the regional power grid j.
And step 2, a multi-region power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling model based on the collaborative game is as follows: maximizing social benefit of the multi-region power grid as a cooperative target, namely, the sum of daily optimization targets of the power grids of each region in the step 1, specifically:
c is a multi-region power grid cooperation target;the method comprises the steps that the electricity generation cost of a traditional generator of a regional power grid i in a t period when participating in a cooperative game is increased; />The flexible load response cost of the regional power grid i in the t period when participating in the cooperative game is calculated; />The method comprises the steps of (1) purchasing electricity cost for an external power grid of a regional power grid i in a t period when participating in a cooperative game; />And (5) obtaining local electricity selling benefits of the regional power grid i in the period t when participating in the cooperative game.
Step 3: calculating the contribution degree of each regional power grid to a cooperative target based on a VCG mechanism, and realizing fair allocation of the cooperative target of the daily collaborative optimization scheduling model of the multi-regional power grid in the step 2 among the regional power grids according to the contribution degree to obtain an optimization target of each regional power grid after the allocation participates in a collaborative game;
calculating the contribution degree of each regional power grid to the cooperative targets based on the VCG mechanism, specifically, adopting the thought of the VCG (Vickrey-Clarke-Groves) mechanism, and taking the difference between the total scheduling cost of the other regional power grids when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game and the total scheduling cost of the other regional power grids when the regional power grid i participates in the cooperative game as the contribution degree of the regional power grid i to the cooperative targets in the minimized step 2, wherein the detailed model is as follows:
wherein C is \i Representing a cooperative target when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game and the rest regional power grids participate in the cooperative game; v (V) i Representing the contribution of the regional power grid i to the target.
And 3, realizing fair allocation of the cooperative targets of the daily cooperative optimization scheduling model of the multi-region power grid in the step 2 among the power grids in each region according to the contribution degree, wherein the optimization targets of the power grids in each region after the allocation and the participation in the cooperative game are as follows:
wherein C' i Optimization purpose after participating in cooperative game for regional power grid iMarking; c (C) i And (3) dispatching the cost for the regional power grid i in the step (1) in a day when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game.
Step 4: and generating a multi-region power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling scheme based on the collaborative game by adopting a distributed algorithm.
And step 4, generating a multi-region power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling scheme based on cooperative game by adopting a distributed algorithm, wherein the scheme specifically comprises the following steps:
taking the optimization target obtained in the step 3 after the regional power grid participates in the cooperative game as a regional power grid dispatching target, taking the regional power grid internal load demand, the regional power grid internal voltage safety constraint, the regional power grid internal traditional generator constraint, the regional power grid internal flexible load constraint and the regional power grid internal distributed power supply constraint in the step 1 and the regional power grid inter-power transmission line operation safety constraint in the step 2 as constraint conditions, and constructing a regional power grid distributed optimization model; state quantity (voltage amplitude, phase angle, active power, reactive power) and power trade unit price of each regional power grid through interactive transmission and distribution nodeAnd (3) optimizing the power of the traditional generator, the power of the distributed power supply and the response power of the flexible load in the area, and iterating repeatedly until the optimization target of the regional power grid is not changed any more, so that Nash equilibrium is achieved in the cooperative game.
The optimization targets in the regional power grid i distributed optimization model are as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,the method meets the requirements of the internal load of the regional power grid, the safety constraint of the internal voltage of the regional power grid, the constraint of the internal traditional generator of the regional power grid, the constraint of the internal flexible load of the regional power grid and the constraint of the internal distributed power supply of the regional power grid in the step 1, and meets the requirements of the regional power grid in the step 2And (5) a safety constraint condition of the transmission line.
The multi-region power grid collaborative optimization scheduling method based on the collaborative game has the beneficial effects that: the multi-region power grid adopts a cooperative game strategy, and utilizes a VCG mechanism to realize reasonable fair allocation of the total cost of the interconnected point system among the regional power grids, and meanwhile, adopts a distributed interactive iterative algorithm, and only needs to interact with the state quantity of the transmission and distribution node and the unit price of power transaction among the regional power grids, so that the joint optimization of the daily scheduling cost of each regional power grid can be realized while the safe operation of the regional power grid and the regional power transmission line is met through repeated iterative optimization, and the method has guiding significance for the daily optimal scheduling of the multi-region power grid interconnected power system.
It should be understood that parts of the specification not specifically set forth herein are all prior art.
It should be understood that the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather to limit the scope of the claims, and that those skilled in the art can make substitutions or modifications without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. A multi-region power grid collaborative optimization scheduling method based on collaborative games is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1: respectively constructing regional power grid internal load demand constraint, regional power grid internal voltage safety constraint, regional power grid internal traditional generator constraint, regional power grid internal flexible load constraint and regional power grid internal distributed power supply constraint, and constructing a regional power grid day-ahead optimization scheduling model when the cooperative game is not participated;
step 2: taking inter-regional power transmission line operation safety constraint into consideration, and constructing a multi-regional power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling model based on cooperative game based on the regional power grid internal load demand constraint, the regional power grid internal voltage safety constraint, the regional power grid internal traditional generator constraint, the regional power grid internal flexible load constraint and the regional power grid internal distributed power supply constraint in the step 1;
step 3: calculating the contribution degree of each regional power grid to a cooperative target based on a VCG mechanism, and realizing fair allocation of the cooperative target of the daily collaborative optimization scheduling model of the multi-regional power grid in the step 2 among the regional power grids according to the contribution degree to obtain an optimization target of each regional power grid after the allocation participates in a collaborative game;
step 4: generating a multi-region power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling scheme based on the collaborative game by adopting a distributed algorithm;
the internal load demand constraint of the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein P is k G (t) represents the active power generated by a conventional generator at the kth node of regional power grid i;representing reactive power generated by a traditional generator at a kth node of the regional power grid i; p (P) k DG (t) represents active power emitted by a distributed power supply at a kth node of the regional power grid i; />Representing reactive power sent by a distributed power supply at a kth node of the regional power grid i; p (P) k L (t) is the active power of the load at the kth node; ΔP k DR (t) responding to the active power for the flexible load at the kth node;for the kth sectionReactive power of load at point; />Responding reactive power to the flexible load at the kth node; v (V) k (t) represents the voltage amplitude at node k inside regional power grid i; v (V) i0 (t) represents the voltage amplitude at regional power grid i transmission and distribution node i 0; θ km (t) represents the voltage phase angle difference between node k and node m; θ k0 (t) represents the voltage phase angle difference between node k and the transmission and distribution node i 0; g km Representing the line conductance between the nodes k and m, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the nodes k and m; b (B) km Representing the line susceptance between the nodes k and m, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the nodes k and m; g k0 Representing the conductance of a line between an internal node k of the regional power grid i and a transmission and distribution node i0, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the node k and the transmission and distribution node i 0; b (B) k0 Representing susceptance of a line between an internal node k of the regional power grid i and a transmission and distribution node i0, and taking a value of 0 when no line exists between the node k and the transmission and distribution node i 0; n (N) i The node set is the node set inside the regional power grid i; />Active power at a transmission and distribution node i0 of the regional power grid i is provided, the purchase power is positive, and the sold power is negative; />Reactive power at a transmission and distribution node i0 of the regional power grid i is provided, the purchase power is positive, and the sold power is negative;
the internal voltage safety constraint of the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein V is k A lower allowable limit is set for the voltage amplitude of the kth node in the regional power grid i;an allowable upper limit for the voltage amplitude of the kth node in the regional power grid i;
the constraint of the traditional generator in the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein N is i G The method is a set of nodes where the traditional generators are located in the regional power grid i;P k G the lower limit of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is set;the upper limit of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is set; />The lower limit of reactive power of the traditional generator at the node k is set;the upper limit of reactive power of the traditional generator at the node k is set; />The maximum downward climbing speed of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is set; />The maximum upward climbing speed of the active power of the traditional generator at the node k is set; Δt is the scheduling time interval;
the flexible load constraint in the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein N is i DR For flexible loads in regional power network iA collection of nodes; deltaP k DR (t) maximum allowable active power curtailment for flexible loads at node k;active power is increased for maximum allowable flexible load at node k; />The load power factor angle at the node k;
the constraint of the distributed power supply in the regional power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein N is i DG A set of nodes where distributed power supplies are located in the regional power grid i;maximum generated power of the distributed power supply at the node k in the period t; s is S k,DG The installed capacity of the distributed power supply at the node k;
the optimization objective of the regional power grid day-ahead optimization scheduling model when not participating in the cooperative game in step 1 is to minimize the daily scheduling cost of the regional power grid:
wherein C is i Scheduling the cost for a day when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game; c (C) i G (t) is the conventional generator generation cost for period t; c (C) i DR (t) flexible load response cost for period t; c (C) i exc (t) the external grid electricity purchasing cost of the regional grid i in the period t; b (B) i L (t) is the local electricity sales revenue of the regional power grid i in the period t; t is the number of scheduling intervals;
and 2, the safety constraint condition of the transmission line between regional power grids is specifically as follows:
wherein N is the number of interconnected regional power grids; g ij0 The conductance of the line between the transmission and distribution node i0 and the transmission and distribution node j0 is taken as 0 when the transmission and distribution nodes are not connected; b (B) ij0 The susceptance of a line between the transmission and distribution node i0 and the transmission and distribution node j0 is taken as 0 when the transmission and distribution nodes are not connected; θ ij0 (t) is the voltage phase angle difference between the input and output nodes i0 and j 0;V i0 a lower allowable limit of node voltage amplitude is matched for regional power grid i;an allowable upper limit of node voltage amplitude is matched for regional power grid i; i P j representing the lower limit of transmission power of a transmission line between the regional power grid i and the regional power grid j; />Representing the upper limit of transmission power of a transmission line between the regional power grid i and the regional power grid j;
and step 2, a multi-region power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling model based on the collaborative game is as follows: maximizing social benefit of the multi-region power grid as a cooperative target, namely, the sum of daily optimization targets of the power grids of each region in the step 1, specifically:
c is a multi-region power grid cooperation target;the method comprises the steps that the electricity generation cost of a traditional generator of a regional power grid i in a t period when participating in a cooperative game is increased; />The flexible load response cost of the regional power grid i in the t period when participating in the cooperative game is calculated;the method comprises the steps of (1) purchasing electricity cost for an external power grid of a regional power grid i in a t period when participating in a cooperative game; />The local electricity selling income of the regional power grid i in the period t when participating in the cooperative game is obtained;
and 3, calculating the contribution degree of each regional power grid to the combined target based on the VCG mechanism, wherein the contribution degree specifically comprises the following steps:
and (2) taking the difference between the total dispatching cost of the rest of regional power grids when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game and the rest of regional power grids when the regional power grid i participates in the cooperative game as the contribution degree of the regional power grid i to the minimized cooperative target in the step (2), wherein a mathematical model is as follows:
wherein C is \i Representing a cooperative target when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game and the rest regional power grids participate in the cooperative game; v (V) i Representing the contribution degree of the regional power grid i to the acting target;
and 3, realizing fair allocation of the cooperative targets of the daily cooperative optimization scheduling model of the multi-region power grid in the step 2 among the power grids in each region according to the contribution degree, wherein the optimization targets of the power grids in each region after the allocation and the participation in the cooperative game are as follows:
wherein C' i The optimization target after the regional power grid i participates in the cooperative game is set; c (C) i The cost is scheduled for the regional power grid i in one day when the regional power grid i does not participate in the cooperative game in the step 1;
and step 4, generating a multi-region power grid day-ahead collaborative optimization scheduling scheme based on cooperative game by adopting a distributed algorithm, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of:
taking the optimization target obtained in the step 3 after the regional power grid participates in the cooperative game as a regional power grid dispatching target, taking the regional power grid internal load demand, the regional power grid internal voltage safety constraint, the regional power grid internal traditional generator constraint, the regional power grid internal flexible load constraint and the regional power grid internal distributed power supply constraint in the step 1 and the regional power grid inter-power transmission line operation safety constraint in the step 2 as constraint conditions, and constructing a regional power grid distributed optimization model;
the optimization targets in the regional power grid i distributed optimization model are as follows:
wherein r is i exc The unit price of the electric power transaction for the regional power grid i; p (P) i G Representing active power set, P of traditional generator set in regional power grid i i G ＝[P k G (t)|k∈N i G ]；P i DG Representing active power set of distributed power supply in regional power grid i and P i DG ＝[P k DG (t)|k∈N i DG ]；P i DR Representing flexible load active power set, P in regional power grid i i DR ＝[P k DR (t)|k∈N i DR ]；Q i G Representing the set of reactive power of the conventional generator set inside the regional power grid i,Q i DG representing the reactive power set of the distributed power supply inside the regional power grid i,/-, and>P i G 、P i DG 、P i DR 、Q i G 、Q i DG the method comprises the steps of meeting the regional power grid internal load demand constraint, the regional power grid internal voltage safety constraint, the regional power grid internal traditional generator constraint, the regional power grid internal flexible load constraint and the regional power grid internal distributed power supply constraint of the step 1, and meeting the regional power grid transmission line safety constraint condition of the step 2;
the state quantity (V) of each regional power grid through the interactive transmission and distribution node i0 (t)、θ ij0 (t)、) And power trade unit price r i exc (t) solving a regional power grid distributed optimization model in matlab by adopting a CPLEX solver to obtain the optimization results of the traditional generator power in the regional power grid, the distributed power supply power in the regional power grid and the flexible load response power in the regional power grid, and then, interacting the state quantity (V) of the transmission and distribution nodes of each regional power grid again i0 (t)、θ ij0 (t)、/>) And power trade unit price r i exc And (t) achieving Nash equilibrium by repeated iteration until the regional power grid optimization target is not changed any more.
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