CN113640703A - Insulation state testing method for high-frequency high-voltage resonance point capture - Google Patents
Insulation state testing method for high-frequency high-voltage resonance point capture Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/62—Testing of transformers
Abstract
The invention discloses an insulation state testing method for high-frequency high-voltage resonance point capture, which comprises the steps of firstly testing a winding of a testing transformer to obtain a high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve; constructing a matrix P, Q according to the test data, and performing n-layer decomposition on the original curve by using a unit eigenvector matrix corresponding to the eigenvalue to obtain 2nA component signal; then calculating the discrete coefficient f of each component1 iAnd offset coefficient f2 i(ii) a According to the weight wiAnd calculating an insulation diagnosis coefficient and identifying the insulation state of the transformer. The method of the invention tests the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve by carrying out a high-voltage test on the transformer, carries out n-layer decomposition on the original signal by the characteristic matrix, enriches the characteristics obtained by the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve, extracts the corresponding characteristics and identifies the insulation state of the transformer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of insulation state detection of power equipment, in particular to an insulation state testing method for high-frequency high-voltage resonance point capture.
Background
The power transformer is one of the most important electrical devices of the power system, and the safe and reliable operation of the power transformer is directly related to the safety and stability of the power system. Power transformers are not only subjected to operating voltages, but are also subject to various overvoltage surges and thermal and mechanical effects from time to time, resulting in insulation that is susceptible to degradation, wherein failure of the transformer windings accounts for a considerable proportion of total insulation failure. Therefore, insulation problems of the transformer windings must be discovered in time to ensure safe operation of the transformer.
A high-frequency high-voltage resonance point capturing method is a brand new testing method for transformer state evaluation, a high-voltage direct-current power supply is used for charging a transformer, the high-voltage direct-current power supply is disconnected after the potential of the transformer is stabilized to form a loop to release charges, and a high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve is generated under the common coupling effect of capacitance and inductance equivalent parameters of the transformer. Therefore, when the insulation of the transformer winding is damaged, the corresponding equivalent circuit parameters are changed, and the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve can obviously reflect the insulation state information of the transformer winding.
The high-frequency high-voltage resonance point capturing curve is a non-stationary signal generated by the joint coupling effect of equivalent parameters of a transformer, contains a plurality of different frequencies, and the frequency components are closely related to the insulation state of a winding and have rich information. The characteristics of different frequency curves are effectively extracted by decomposing the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve by n layers, and then the insulation state of the winding is judged by the offset coefficient and the discrete coefficient. Therefore, the invention can more reliably and effectively evaluate the insulation state of the transformer.
Disclosure of Invention
A transformer insulation state testing method based on high-frequency high-voltage resonance point capture is disclosed, wherein a research platform mainly comprises: the transformer comprises a box body 1, a rated voltage level U1kV high-voltage winding 2, a rated voltage level U12kV medium-voltage winding 3, a rated voltage level U3kV low-voltage winding 4, an iron core 5, a high-voltage direct-current power supply 12, a signal acquisition system 13, a high-voltage winding input sleeve 6, a high-voltage winding output sleeve 7, a medium-voltage winding input sleeve 8, a medium-voltage winding output sleeve 9, a low-voltage winding input sleeve 10, a low-voltage winding output sleeve 11, a high-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 14, a high-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 15, a medium-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 16, a medium-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 17, a low-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 18 and a low-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 19; the method is characterized in that high-frequency high-voltage resonance curves are tested respectively for a high-voltage winding, a medium-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding, n layers of decomposition are carried out, and related characteristics such as discrete coefficients and offset coefficients of different components are obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the specific test method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: carry out test transformer high frequency high voltage resonance test, include:
(1) measuring the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the high-voltage winding of the transformer, keeping all the wiring switches in an off state, closing the high-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 15 to connect the high-voltage winding output sleeve 7 with the data acquisition system 13, closing the high-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 14 to connect the high-voltage winding input sleeve 6 with the external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, and gradually increasing the output voltage under the rated power of the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system to reach the rated voltage U of the high-voltage winding of the transformer1After the voltage is stabilized, the high-voltage winding power supply connection switch 14 is disconnected to disconnect the high-voltage winding input sleeve 6 from the external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, and a data acquisition device acquires a high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve A (t) ([ x ]) in the high-voltage winding output sleeve 71x2......xN]) Collecting N data points;
(2) measuring the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the medium-voltage winding of the transformer, keeping all the wiring switches in an off state, closing the signal acquisition connecting switch 17 of the medium-voltage winding to connect the output sleeve 9 of the medium-voltage winding with the data acquisition system 13, closing the power connecting switch 16 of the medium-voltage winding to connect the input sleeve 8 of the medium-voltage winding with the external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, and gradually increasing the output voltage under the rated power of the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system to reach the rated voltage U of the medium-voltage winding of the transformer2kV, after the voltage is stabilized, the medium voltage winding power supply connection switch 16 is turned off to disconnect the medium voltage winding input bushing 8 from the external high frequency high voltage power supply 12, and the data acquisition device acquires the high frequency high voltage resonance curve b (t) ([ y ]) in the medium voltage winding output bushing 91y2......yN]) Collecting N data points;
(3) measuring the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the low-voltage winding of the transformer, keeping all the wiring switches in an off state, and closing the low-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 19 to ensure that the low-voltage winding output sleeve 11 is connected with the low-voltage winding output sleeveThe data acquisition system 13 is connected, the low-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 18 is closed to connect the low-voltage winding input sleeve 10 with the external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, and the output voltage is gradually increased under the rated power of the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system to reach the rated voltage U of the low-voltage winding of the transformer3After the voltage is stabilized, the low-voltage winding power supply connection switch 18 is turned off to disconnect the low-voltage winding input sleeve 10 from the external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, and a data acquisition device acquires a high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve c (t) (c (t) ═ z) at the low-voltage winding terminal 111z2......zN]) Collecting N data points;
step two: carrying out characteristic extraction on a high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the test transformer, and comprising the following steps of:
(1) respectively carrying out n-layer decomposition according to the steps (2) to (7) on high-voltage winding, medium-voltage winding and low-voltage winding high-frequency high-voltage resonance curves A (t), B (t) and C (t), wherein each signal has 2nA component signal
In the formula
Represents A (t) decomposing the ith signal of the nth layer,
represents B (t) decomposing the ith signal of the nth layer,
represents C (t) decomposing the ith signal of the nth layer
(2) Constructing a matrix H according to the measured high-frequency high-voltage resonance signals T (t), and calculating a characteristic matrix P, Q as follows:
P＝H HT
Q＝HTH
in the formula, H, the first line and the second line are respectively the first N-1 data and the last N-1 data of the measurement signal
(3) Computing P, Q a feature value σi(σ1≥σ2> 0), construct P, Q unit eigenvector matrix p, q
p＝(p1,p2)
q＝(q1,q2,……,qN-1)
In the formula piAnd q isiIs P, Q eigenvalue σiCorresponding unit feature vector solution;
(4) according to the unit eigenvector matrix p, q and the eigenvalue sigmaiApproximate signal matrix d for calculating high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve1And a detail signal matrix d2
Where m is the number of q matrix summations,
the symbol being rounded down
(5) From an approximate signal matrix d1Subvector L1And L2Calculating an approximation signal T1 1(t)
L1＝[a1,2a1,3......a1,N-1]
L2＝[a2,2a2,3......a2,N-2]
In the formula L1Is B1First row a1,2To a1,N-1Vector of elements, L2Is B1Second row a2,2To a2,NA vector of components;
(6) detail signal matrix d2Repeating the step (6) to calculate the detail signal
(7) For decomposed signals
And
repeating the steps (2) to (6), and carrying out n-layer decomposition on the high-frequency high-voltage resonance signal until the threshold value epsilon is less than 0.2 and 2 existsnA component signal Tn i(t)(i＝1,2……2n)
Step three: performing an evaluation of the insulation state of the test transformer, comprising:
(1) calculating high voltage high frequency resonance curve 2nDiscrete coefficient of each component
And offset coefficient
In the formula
Is a high-frequency high-voltage resonance signal when the transformer is normal,
is the average value of the i-th signal of the n-th layer
(2) Calculating each high-frequency resonance curve 2nWeight w of each component signali
In the formula EiRepresenting the energy of each component signal
(3) Calculating insulation diagnosis coefficient F of transformer
And if the insulation diagnosis coefficient F is less than 2.3, judging that the insulation state of the transformer winding is good.
The invention provides a method for testing the insulation state of a transformer captured by a high-frequency high-voltage resonance point, which is characterized in that the core of the method is to carry out n-layer decomposition based on a high-frequency oscillation signal, and calculate the discrete coefficient and the offset coefficient of a component to realize the evaluation of the insulation state of the transformer. The invention can more reliably and effectively evaluate the insulation performance of the transformer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-frequency high-voltage test in the method of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a process used in the method of the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
as shown in fig. 1, the test platform for the high-frequency and high-voltage resonance point of the transformer mainly comprises: the transformer comprises a box body 1, a high-voltage winding 2, a medium-voltage winding 3, a low-voltage winding 4, an iron core 5, a high-voltage direct-current power supply 12, a signal acquisition system 13, a high-voltage winding input sleeve 6, a high-voltage winding output sleeve 7, a medium-voltage winding input sleeve 8, a medium-voltage winding output sleeve 9, a low-voltage winding input sleeve 10, a low-voltage winding output sleeve 11, a high-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 14, a high-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 15, a medium-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 16, a medium-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 17, a low-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 18 and a low-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 19; the head end of the high-voltage winding 2 is led out of the box body 1 through a high-voltage winding input sleeve 6 and is connected with a high-voltage direct current power supply through a high-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 14, and the tail end of the high-voltage winding 2 is led out of the box body 1 through a high-voltage winding output sleeve 7 and is connected with a signal acquisition system through a high-voltage winding signal acquisition connection 15; the head end of the medium voltage winding 3 is led out of the box body 1 through a medium voltage winding input sleeve 8 and is connected with a high voltage direct current power supply through a medium voltage winding power supply connecting switch 16, and the tail end of the medium voltage winding 3 is led out of the box body 1 through a medium voltage winding output sleeve 9 and is connected with a signal acquisition system through a medium voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 17; the head end of the low-voltage winding 4 is led out of the box body 1 through a low-voltage winding input sleeve 10 and is connected with a high-voltage direct-current power supply through a low-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 18, and the tail end of the low-voltage winding 4 is led out of the box body 1 through a low-voltage winding output sleeve 11 and is connected with a signal acquisition system through a low-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 19;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for testing an insulation state of a transformer based on high-frequency high-voltage resonance point capture, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of testing high-frequency high-voltage resonance curves for a high-voltage winding, a medium-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding respectively and performing n-layer decomposition to obtain discrete coefficients and offset coefficients of different components:
the method comprises the following steps: carry out test transformer high frequency high voltage resonance test, include:
(1) measuring the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the high-voltage winding of the transformer, keeping all the wiring switches in an off state, closing the high-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 15 to connect the high-voltage winding output sleeve 7 with the data acquisition system 13, closing the high-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 14 to connect the high-voltage winding input sleeve 6 with the external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, and gradually increasing the output voltage under the rated power of the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system to reach the rated voltage U of the high-voltage winding of the transformer1After the voltage is stabilized, the high-voltage winding power supply connection switch 14 is disconnected to disconnect the high-voltage winding input sleeve 6 from the external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, and a data acquisition device acquires a high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve A (t) ([ x ]) in the high-voltage winding output sleeve 71x2......xN]) Collecting N data points;
(2) measuring the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the medium-voltage winding of the transformer, keeping all the wiring switches in an off state, closing the signal acquisition connecting switch 17 of the medium-voltage winding to connect the output sleeve 9 of the medium-voltage winding with the data acquisition system 13, closing the power connecting switch 16 of the medium-voltage winding to connect the input sleeve 8 of the medium-voltage winding with the external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, and gradually increasing the output voltage under the rated power of the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system to reach the rated voltage U of the medium-voltage winding of the transformer2kV, after the voltage is stabilized, the medium voltage winding power supply connection switch 16 is turned off to disconnect the medium voltage winding input bushing 8 from the external high frequency high voltage power supply 12, and the data acquisition device acquires the high frequency high voltage resonance curve b (t) ([ y ]) in the medium voltage winding output bushing 91y2......yN]) Collecting N data points;
(3) measuring the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the low-voltage winding of the transformer, keeping all the wiring switches in an off state, closing the low-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 19 to connect the low-voltage winding output sleeve 11 with the data acquisition system 13, and closing the low-voltage windingThe group power supply connecting switch 18 connects the low-voltage winding input sleeve 10 with the external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, and the output voltage is gradually increased under the rated power of the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system to reach the rated voltage U of the low-voltage winding of the transformer3After the voltage is stabilized, the low-voltage winding power supply connection switch 18 is turned off to disconnect the low-voltage winding input sleeve 10 from the external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, and a data acquisition device acquires a high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve c (t) (c (t) ═ z) at the low-voltage winding terminal 111z2......zN]) Collecting N data points;
step two: carrying out characteristic extraction on a high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the test transformer, and comprising the following steps of:
(1) respectively carrying out n-layer decomposition according to the steps (2) to (7) on high-voltage winding, medium-voltage winding and low-voltage winding high-frequency high-voltage resonance curves A (t), B (t) and C (t), wherein each signal has 2nA component signal
In the formula
Represents A (t) decomposing the ith signal of the nth layer,
represents B (t) decomposing the ith signal of the nth layer,
represents C (t) decomposing the ith signal of the nth layer
(2) Constructing a matrix H according to the measured high-frequency high-voltage resonance signals T (t), and calculating a characteristic matrix P, Q as follows:
P＝H HT
Q＝HTH
in the formula, H, the first line and the second line are respectively the first N-1 data and the last N-1 data of the measurement signal
(3) Computing P, Q a feature value σi(σ1≥σ2> 0), construct P, Q unit eigenvector matrix p, q
p＝(p1,p2)
q＝(q1,q2,……,qN-1)
In the formula piAnd q isiIs P, Q eigenvalue σiCorresponding unit feature vector solution;
(4) according to the unit eigenvector matrix p, q and the eigenvalue sigmaiApproximate signal matrix d for calculating high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve1And a detail signal matrix d2
Where m is the number of q matrix summations,
the symbol being rounded down
(5) From an approximate signal matrix d1Subvector L1And L2Calculating an approximation signal
L1＝[a1,2a1,3......a1,N-1]
L2＝[a2,2a2,3......a2,N-2]
In the formula L1Is B1First row a1,2To a1,N-1Vector of elements, L2Is B1Second row a2,2To a2,NA vector of components;
(6) detail signal matrix d2Repeating the step (6) to calculate the detail signal
(7) For decomposed signals
And
repeating the steps (2) to (6), and carrying out n-layer decomposition on the high-frequency high-voltage resonance signal until the threshold value epsilon is less than 0.2 and 2 existsnA component signal
Step three: performing an evaluation of the insulation state of the test transformer, comprising:
(1) calculating high voltage high frequency resonance curve 2nDiscrete coefficient of each component
And offset coefficient
In the formula
Is a high-frequency high-voltage resonance signal when the transformer is normal,
is the average value of the i-th signal of the n-th layer
(2) Calculating each high-frequency resonance curve 2nWeight w of each component signali
In the formula EiRepresenting the energy of each component signal
(3) Calculating insulation diagnosis coefficient F of transformer
And if the insulation diagnosis coefficient F is less than 2.3, judging that the insulation state of the transformer winding is good.
Claims (1)
1. A method for testing the insulation state captured by a high-frequency high-voltage resonance point is characterized by comprising the following steps: rated voltage grades of a high-voltage winding, a medium-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding of the single-phase single-column test transformer are divided into U1kV, U2kV and U3 kV; the transformer bushing includes: a high-voltage winding input sleeve 6, a high-voltage winding output sleeve 7, a medium-voltage winding input sleeve 8, a medium-voltage winding output sleeve 9, a low-voltage winding input sleeve 10 and a low-voltage winding output sleeve 11; the transformer wiring switch includes: a high-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 14, a high-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 15, a medium-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 16, a medium-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 17, a low-voltage winding power supply connecting switch 18 and a low-voltage winding signal acquisition connecting switch 19; the specific test method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: carry out test transformer high frequency high voltage resonance test, include:
(1) measuring the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the high-voltage winding of the transformer, connecting the output sleeve of the high-voltage winding with a data acquisition system, connecting the input sleeve of the high-voltage winding with an external high-frequency high-voltage power supply 12, keeping the other wiring terminals in a disconnected state, and gradually increasing the output voltage under the rated power of the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system to reach the rated voltage U of the high-voltage winding of the transformer1kV, after the voltage is stabilized, disconnecting the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system from the high-voltage winding terminal A1By data acquisition means at the high-voltage winding terminal B1Collecting high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve A (t) (A (t) ═ x1 x2……xN]) Collecting N data points;
(2) measuring the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the medium-voltage winding of the transformer, connecting the output sleeve of the medium-voltage winding with a data acquisition system, connecting the input sleeve of the medium-voltage winding with an external high-frequency high-voltage power supply, keeping the other wiring sleeves in a disconnected state, and gradually increasing the output voltage under the rated power of the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system to reach the rated voltage U of the medium-voltage winding of the transformer2kV, after the voltage is stabilized, disconnecting the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system from the medium-voltage winding terminal A2By data acquisition means at the high-voltage winding terminal B2Collecting high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve B (t) ([ y)1 y2……yN]) Collecting N data points;
(3) measuring the high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the medium-voltage winding of the transformer, connecting the output sleeve of the low-voltage winding with a data acquisition system, connecting the input sleeve of the low-voltage winding with an external high-frequency high-voltage power supply, keeping the rest of the wiring terminals in a disconnected state, and gradually increasing the output voltage under the rated power of the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system to reach the rated voltage U of the low-voltage winding of the transformer3kV, after the voltage is stabilized, disconnecting the high-frequency high-voltage power supply system from the low-voltage winding terminal A3By data acquisition means at the low voltage winding terminal B3Collecting high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve C (t) (C (t) ═ z1 z2……zN]) Collecting N data points;
step two: carrying out characteristic extraction on a high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve of the test transformer, and comprising the following steps of:
(1) respectively carrying out n-layer decomposition according to the steps (2) to (7) on high-frequency high-voltage resonance curves A (t), B (t) and C (t) of the high-voltage winding, the medium-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding, and respectively obtaining 2 for each signalnA component signal
In the formula
Represents A (t) decomposing the ith signal of the nth layer,
represents B (t) decomposing the ith signal of the nth layer,
represents C (t) decomposing the ith signal of the nth layer
(2) Constructing a matrix H according to the high-frequency high-voltage resonance signals T (t) measured by the transformer winding test, and calculating a characteristic matrix P, Q as follows:
P＝H HT
Q＝HTH
in the formula, H is the first N-1 data and the second N-1 data of the test signal T (t)
(3) Computing P, Q a feature value σi(σ1≥σ2> 0), construct P, Q unit eigenvector matrix p, q
p＝(p1,p2)
q＝(q1,q2,……,qN-1)
In the formula piAnd q isiIs P, Q eigenvalue σiCorresponding unit feature vector solution;
(4) approximate signal matrix d for calculating high-frequency high-voltage resonance curve1And a detail signal matrix d2
Where m is the number of q matrix summations,
the symbol being rounded down
(5) Calculating an approximation signal T1 1(t)
L1＝[a1,2 a1,3……a1,N-1]
L2＝[a2,2 a2,3……a2,N-2]
T1 1(t)＝[a1,1,(L1+L2)/2,a2,N]
In the formula L1Is d1First row a1,2To a1,N-1Vector of elements, L2Is d1Second row a2,2To a2,NA vector of components;
(6) detail signal matrix d2Repeating the step (6) to calculate the detail signal T1 2(t)
(7) For decomposed signal T1 1(T) and T1 2(t) repeating the steps (2) to (6), and carrying out n-layer decomposition on the high-frequency high-voltage resonance signal until the threshold value epsilon is less than 0.2 and 2 is availablenA component signal
Step three: performing an evaluation of the insulation state of the test transformer, comprising:
(1) calculating each component discrete coefficient f1 iAnd offset coefficient
In the formula
Is a high-frequency high-voltage resonance signal when the transformer is normal,
is the average value of the i-th signal of the n-th layer
(2) Calculating each component signal
Weight wi
In the formula EiRepresenting the energy of each component signal
(3) Calculating the insulation diagnosis coefficient F
And if the insulation diagnosis coefficient F is less than 2.3, judging that the insulation state of the transformer winding is good.
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