CN113640387A - Railway thermite welding rib flaw detection method and railway thermite welding rib flaw detection device - Google Patents
Railway thermite welding rib flaw detection method and railway thermite welding rib flaw detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113640387A CN113640387A CN202110980847.0A CN202110980847A CN113640387A CN 113640387 A CN113640387 A CN 113640387A CN 202110980847 A CN202110980847 A CN 202110980847A CN 113640387 A CN113640387 A CN 113640387A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a railway thermite welding rib flaw detection method and a railway thermite welding rib flaw detection device, wherein the railway thermite welding rib flaw detection method comprises the following steps: smearing a coupling agent on the surface of a steel rail test piece; after smearing, placing the ultrasonic probe on the side surface of the rail head, and coupling with a coupling agent; the ultrasonic probe is an oblique probe, and the range of the K value of the ultrasonic probe is 0.85< K < 1; after coupling, moving the ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece to perform scanning to obtain a primary echo. According to the flaw detection method for the thermite welding welded ribs of the railway, the ultrasonic sound beam is transmitted downwards along the transmitting surface of the ultrasonic probe in a slant mode, the sound path and the height difference between the flaw and the incidence point are calculated through the time of the flaw echo, the sum of the distance between the tread surface and the incidence point of the ultrasonic probe and the horizontal distance between the probe incidence point of the ultrasonic probe and the flaw is measured, namely the depth of the flaw from the tread surface of the steel rail, the thermite welding welded rib flaw with the tread surface depth within the range of 80 mm-120 mm can be effectively measured, the potential damage hazard can be effectively eliminated, and the flaw detection quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive inspection, in particular to a railway thermite welding rib inspection method and a railway thermite welding rib inspection device.
Background
Along with the increase of the operation frequency of heavy haul railways, the consumption of the tracks is large, and the workload of overhauling and maintaining the steel rails is more and more. The steel rail thermite welding method has the characteristics of simple equipment and convenience in operation, and is particularly suitable for short-time line maintenance operation in a high-density and large-traffic transportation mode of a heavy haul railway.
Thermite welding belongs to the cast welding category, and the welding process receives the influence of factors such as external temperature, humidity and operation technology, and the probability of producing welding defect is higher relatively, and welding seam and welding rib all probably produce. In the traditional technology, defects such as welding seams, holes and the like are detected in a common ultrasonic flaw detection mode, ultrasonic waves excited by an ultrasonic probe can penetrate into the deep part of a metal material, and when a propagation medium is changed, the ultrasonic waves can be reflected and received by the probe to form a pulse waveform on a fluorescent screen. The position and size information of the defect is judged according to the waveforms.
The detection of the damage in the geometric dimension of the steel rail can be completed by the conventional welding seam flaw detection process and means; however, the defects of the thermite welding rib part cannot be effectively detected due to the problems of the sound beam angle, the emission frequency, the welding rib size and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the railway thermite welding rib flaw detection method and the railway thermite welding rib flaw detection device are needed to be provided, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the defects of thermite welding rib parts can be effectively detected, the potential damage hazard can be eliminated, and the flaw detection quality is improved.
A flaw detection method for a railway thermite welding rib comprises the following steps:
smearing a coupling agent on the surface of a steel rail test piece;
after smearing, placing the ultrasonic probe on the side surface of the rail head, and coupling with a coupling agent; wherein the ultrasonic probe is an oblique probe, and the range of the K value of the ultrasonic probe is 0.85< K < 1;
after coupling, moving the ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece for scanning to obtain a primary reflection echo signal.
In the flaw detection process, firstly, a coupling agent is smeared on the surface of a steel rail test piece; then, the ultrasonic probe is placed on the side face of the rail head, and the ultrasonic probe is an oblique probe, and the K value range is 0.85< K <1, so that the ultrasonic sound beam is transmitted downwards along the transmitting face of the ultrasonic probe in an oblique mode and then transmitted to the thermite welding rib damage area; and then, moving the ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece, observing the peak position and the attenuation condition of the primary echo, calculating the sound path and the height difference between the defect and the incidence point according to the time of the defect echo, and measuring the sum of the distance d1 between the tread and the incidence point of the ultrasonic probe and the horizontal distance d2 between the probe incidence point of the ultrasonic probe and the defect, namely the depth of the defect and the tread of the steel rail. The method for detecting the flaw of the thermite welding rib of the railway can effectively measure the defect of the thermite welding rib with the tread depth within the range of 80-120 mm, effectively eliminate the hidden danger of damage and improve the flaw detection quality.
In one embodiment, the step of coating the coupling agent on the surface of the steel rail test piece comprises the following steps:
polishing the side surface of the rail head to remove rust on the side surface of the rail head;
after polishing, cleaning a polishing area and removing debris;
and after cleaning, smearing coupling agent on the side surface of the railhead.
In one embodiment, the coupling agent is engine oil or petrolatum.
In one embodiment, after coating, the ultrasonic probe is placed on the side surface of the railhead and coupled with the coupling agent; wherein, the ultrasonic probe is an oblique probe, and the range of the K value of the ultrasonic probe is 0.85< K <1, comprising the following steps:
after smearing, placing the ultrasonic probe on the side surface of the rail head, and enabling the emission surface of the probe to be perpendicular to the tip of the welding rib;
after the ultrasonic probe is placed, the emitting surface of the ultrasonic probe is contacted with the couplant, the probe is moved, and air between the emitting surface and the couplant is exhausted; wherein the ultrasonic probe is an oblique probe, and the range of the K value of the ultrasonic probe is 0.85< K < 1.
In one embodiment, the ultrasound probe has a K value of 0.87.
In one embodiment, after the coupling, the step of moving the ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece to perform scanning to obtain a primary reflection echo signal includes:
after coupling, moving an ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece for scanning; wherein the number of scanning times is at least two;
and during scanning, observing the primary reflection echo signal and recording a detection value.
In one embodiment, after coupling, moving the ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece for scanning; and scanning at least twice, wherein the scanning range of the ultrasonic probe is from a preset distance away from the tread of the steel rail test piece to the tip of the lower jaw of the rail head.
In one embodiment, after the coupling, the step of moving the ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece to perform scanning to obtain a primary reflection echo signal includes:
after coupling, moving an ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece for scanning;
operating an ultrasonic probe to scan the steel rail test piece, wherein the scanning time is more than 1 minute;
and during scanning, observing the primary reflection echo signal and recording a detection value.
In one embodiment, after the coupling, the step of moving the ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece to perform scanning to obtain a primary reflection echo signal includes:
after coupling, moving an ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece for scanning; wherein the scanning speed v range of the ultrasonic probe is 0< v <50 mm/s.
The flaw detection device for the railway thermite welding rib adopts the flaw detection method for the railway thermite welding rib to carry out nondestructive flaw detection.
In the flaw detection process of the railway thermite welding flaw detection device, firstly, a coupling agent is coated on the surface of a steel rail test piece; then, the ultrasonic probe is placed on the side face of the rail head, and the ultrasonic probe is an oblique probe, and the K value range is 0.85< K <1, so that the ultrasonic sound beam is transmitted downwards along the transmitting face of the ultrasonic probe in an oblique mode and then transmitted to the thermite welding rib damage area; and then, moving the ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece, observing the peak position and the attenuation condition of the primary echo, calculating the sound path and the height difference between the defect and the incidence point according to the time of the defect echo, and measuring the sum of the distance d1 between the tread and the incidence point of the ultrasonic probe and the horizontal distance d2 between the probe incidence point of the ultrasonic probe and the defect, namely the depth of the defect and the tread of the steel rail. The method for detecting the flaw of the thermite welding rib of the railway can effectively measure the defect of the thermite welding rib with the tread depth within the range of 80-120 mm, effectively eliminate the hidden danger of damage and improve the flaw detection quality.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an ultrasound probe scanning position as described in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a first flowchart of a method for detecting defects in a railway thermite weld bead according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a second flowchart of a method for detecting defects in a railway thermite weld bead according to an embodiment;
fig. 4 is a flowchart three of a railway thermite welding bead flaw detection method in an embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
100. an ultrasonic probe; 200. a steel rail test piece; 210. a railhead; 220. a tread; 300. welding ribs; 310. and (5) a defect.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Along with the increase of the operation frequency of heavy haul railways, the consumption of the tracks is large, and the workload of overhauling and maintaining the steel rails is more and more. The steel rail thermite welding method has the characteristics of simple equipment and convenience in operation, and is particularly suitable for short-time line maintenance operation in a high-density and large-traffic transportation mode of a heavy haul railway.
Thermite welding belongs to the field of cast welding, the welding process is influenced by factors such as external temperature, humidity and the like and an operation process, the probability of generating welding defects 310 is relatively high, and welding seams and welding ribs 300 are likely to be generated. In the conventional technology, defects 310 such as a weld and a hole are detected in a common ultrasonic flaw detection mode, ultrasonic waves excited by an ultrasonic probe 100 can penetrate into the deep part of a metal material, and when a propagation medium is changed, the ultrasonic waves are reflected and received by the probe to form a pulse waveform on a fluorescent screen. The position and size information of the defect 310 is determined from these waveforms.
By microscopic and metallographic analysis of such fractures, see fig. 1, the cracks are due to slag inclusions and shrinkage cavities that occur during welding at the tip surface or subsurface of the weld bead 300. The presence of large tensile residual stresses in the vertical direction at the web of the welded joint area results in the formation of web cracks that propagate longitudinally along the rail 200.
The original welding seam flaw detection probe and the original method can complete the detection of the flaw in the geometric dimension of the steel rail 200, and the defects 310 at the thermite welding rib 300 part can not be effectively detected due to the problems of the sound beam angle, the emission frequency, the welding rib 300 dimension and the like. When the detection is carried out on the steel rail 200 tread 220, the transverse wave oblique probe sound beam cannot cover the welding rib 300 outside the geometric dimension of the rail web, the coupling surface of the 0-degree longitudinal wave straight probe is uneven due to the contour (circular arc) of the rail head 210, and the sound energy which cannot be effectively covered by the sound beam or is reflected back by the sound beam is very weak; when the probe is used for detecting from the side face of the rail web, because the damage is in the horizontal orientation, the ultrasonic waves are not easy to form angle reflection, and the existing K2.5 and K1 transverse wave single probes cannot detect the tip of the welding rib 300.
The detection of the damage in the geometric dimension of the steel rail 200 can be completed by the existing welding seam flaw detection process and means; however, the defect 310 at the thermite welding bead 300 is not detected effectively due to the problems of the sound beam angle, the emission frequency, the size of the welding bead 300, and the like, and in combination with the multiple damage analyses, the defect 310 at the thermite welding bead 300 is mostly originated from the depth of 90mm to 100mm from the tread 220, and the depth of a few defects is less than 90mm from the tread 220.
Therefore, the railway thermite welding rib flaw detection method and the railway thermite welding rib flaw detection device are needed to be provided, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the defects 310 of the thermite welding rib 300 can be effectively detected, the potential damage hazard can be eliminated, and the flaw detection quality is improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 4, a method for detecting defects of a railway thermite welding bead includes the following steps:
s100: smearing a coupling agent on the surface of the steel rail test piece 200;
s200: after smearing, the ultrasonic probe 100 is placed on the side surface of the rail head 210 and coupled with the coupling agent; wherein the ultrasonic probe 100 is an oblique probe, and the range of the K value of the ultrasonic probe 100 is 0.85< K < 1;
s300: after coupling, the ultrasonic probe 100 is moved in the height direction of the steel rail test piece 200 to perform scanning, and a primary reflection echo signal is obtained.
In the flaw detection process, firstly, a coupling agent is smeared on the surface of a steel rail test piece 200; then, the ultrasonic probe 100 is placed on the side surface of the rail head 210, and since the ultrasonic probe 100 is an oblique probe and the K value ranges from 0.85< K <1, the ultrasonic sound beam propagates obliquely downward along the emitting surface of the ultrasonic probe 100 and then propagates to the damaged area of the thermite welding rib 300; then, the ultrasonic probe 100 is moved along the height direction of the steel rail test piece 200, the peak position and the attenuation condition of the primary echo are observed, the sound path and the height difference between the defect 310 and the incidence point are calculated according to the time of the defect 310 echo, and the sum of the distance d1 between the tread 220 and the incidence point of the ultrasonic probe 100 and the horizontal distance d2 between the probe incidence point of the ultrasonic probe 100 and the defect 310 is measured, namely the depth of the defect 310 and the tread 220 of the steel rail 200. The method for detecting the flaw of the thermite welding rib of the railway can effectively measure the defect 310 of the thermite welding rib 300 with the tread 220 depth within the range of 80-120 mm, effectively eliminate the hidden danger of damage and improve the flaw detection quality.
Specifically, the ultrasound probe 100 is a shear wave tilt probe. Therefore, the transverse wave sound velocity is lower under the same medium, the interference is smaller, the clutter is less, the length of a near field region is increased, the detection precision is improved, and the flaw detection quality is improved.
It should be noted that the value of the angle probe K refers to the tangent of the refraction angle of the ultrasonic probe 100, i.e. the ratio of the horizontal position of the defect to the depth of the defect.
In order to further understand and explain the height direction of the rail test piece 200, fig. 1 is taken as an example, and the height direction of the rail test piece 200 is a straight line S in fig. 11In the direction indicated by any of the above arrows.
In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, S100: the method for smearing the coupling agent on the surface of the steel rail test piece 200 comprises the following steps:
s110: polishing the side surface of the rail head 210 to remove rust on the side surface of the rail head 210;
s120: after polishing, cleaning a polishing area and removing debris;
s130: after cleaning, a couplant is applied to the side of the railhead 210.
So, polish on the detection face and be favorable to improving the smoothness degree of coupling face, reduce the clutter that the difference of medium brought, and then be favorable to improving the energy of incident wave, improve the SNR of signal.
Alternatively, the coupling agent may be engine oil, petrolatum, water, hydrogel, glue, paste, or other material.
Specifically, the coupling agent is engine oil or vaseline. So, coupling effect is good, and difficult drying volatilizes, is favorable to improving the coupling quality of probe and detection face, reduces impurity such as air, improves the SNR of detected signal. The present embodiment provides only one specific embodiment of the coupling agent, but not limited thereto.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, S200: after smearing, the ultrasonic probe 100 is placed on the side surface of the rail head 210 and coupled with the coupling agent; wherein, the ultrasonic probe 100 is an oblique probe, and the range of the K value of the ultrasonic probe 100 is 0.85< K <1, including:
s210: after smearing, the ultrasonic probe 100 is placed on the side surface of the rail head 210, and the emitting surface of the probe is perpendicular to the tip of the welding rib 300;
s220: after the ultrasonic probe is placed, the emitting surface of the ultrasonic probe 100 is contacted with the couplant, the probe is moved, and air between the emitting surface and the couplant is exhausted; wherein the ultrasonic probe 100 is an oblique probe, and the range of the K value of the ultrasonic probe 100 is 0.85< K < 1.
Therefore, the transmission surface of the ultrasonic probe is perpendicular to the tip end of the welding rib 300, so that the propagation direction of the sound beam is guaranteed, the defect 310 of the detection area, which is 80 mm-120 mm away from the steel rail 200 tread 220, is guaranteed to be detected, and the detection precision and the detection quality are improved.
In one embodiment, the ultrasound probe 100 has a K value of 0.87.
Therefore, the transmission surface of the ultrasonic probe 100 is perpendicular to the tip of the welding rib 300, so that the propagation direction of the sound beam is guaranteed, the defect 310 of the detection area, which is 80 mm-120 mm away from the steel rail 200 tread 220, is guaranteed to be detected, and the detection precision and the detection quality of ultrasonic flaw detection are improved.
In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 1 and 4, S300: after the coupling, the step of moving the ultrasonic probe 100 along the height direction of the steel rail test piece 200 to perform scanning to obtain a primary reflection echo signal includes:
s310: after coupling, moving the ultrasonic probe 100 along the height direction of the steel rail test piece 200 for scanning; wherein the number of scanning times is at least two;
s320: and during scanning, observing the primary reflection echo signal and recording a detection value.
Thus, the probe position at the maximum peak value can be effectively found through more than two scanning times, and the positioning accuracy of the defect 310 and the reliability of the detection result are improved.
In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, S300: after coupling, moving the ultrasonic probe 100 along the height direction of the steel rail test piece 200 for scanning; wherein the number of scanning is at least two, and the scanning range of the ultrasonic probe 100 is from a preset distance away from the tread 220 of the steel rail test piece 200 to the mandible tip of the rail head 210. Specifically, the preset distance is 12mm to 16 mm. Further, the preset distance is 15 mm. Therefore, the detection range of the defects 310 is favorably expanded, the defects 310 in a larger range are scanned, and the reliability of the detection result is further improved.
In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, S300: after the coupling, the step of moving the ultrasonic probe 100 along the height direction of the steel rail test piece 200 to perform scanning to obtain a primary reflection echo signal includes:
s330: after coupling, moving the ultrasonic probe 100 along the height direction of the steel rail test piece 200 for scanning;
s340: operating the ultrasonic probe 100 to scan the steel rail test piece 200, wherein the scanning time is more than 1 minute;
s350: and during scanning, observing the primary reflection echo signal and recording a detection value.
Therefore, the detection range of the defect 310 is favorably improved, the defect 310 in a larger range is scanned, and the detection precision of the defect 310 and the reliability of a detection result are further improved.
In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, S300: after the coupling, the step of moving the ultrasonic probe 100 along the height direction of the steel rail test piece 200 to perform scanning to obtain a primary reflection echo signal includes:
after coupling, moving the ultrasonic probe 100 along the height direction of the steel rail test piece 200 for scanning; wherein, the scanning speed v range of the ultrasonic probe 100 is 0< v <50 mm/s. Specifically, the scanning speed v of the ultrasonic probe 100 ranges from 45 mm/s.
Therefore, the stability of the signal is guaranteed, noise and clutter of the signal are reduced, the stability and reliability of data are improved, and the precision of defect 310 detection and the reliability of a detection result are improved.
In one embodiment, the flaw detection device for the railway thermite welding rib adopts the flaw detection method for the railway thermite welding rib to carry out nondestructive flaw detection.
In the flaw detection process of the railway thermite welding flaw detection device, firstly, a coupling agent is coated on the surface of a steel rail test piece 200; then, the ultrasonic probe 100 is placed on the side surface of the rail head 210, and since the ultrasonic probe 100 is an oblique probe and the K value ranges from 0.85< K <1, the ultrasonic sound beam propagates obliquely downward along the emitting surface of the ultrasonic probe 100 and then propagates to the damaged area of the thermite welding rib 300; then, the ultrasonic probe 100 is moved along the height direction of the steel rail test piece 200, the peak position and the attenuation condition of the primary echo are observed, the sound path and the height difference between the defect 310 and the incidence point are calculated according to the time of the defect 310 echo, and the sum of the distance d1 between the tread 220 and the incidence point of the ultrasonic probe 100 and the horizontal distance d2 between the probe incidence point of the ultrasonic probe 100 and the defect 310 is measured, namely the depth of the defect 310 and the tread 220 of the steel rail 200. The method for detecting the flaw of the thermite welding rib of the railway can effectively measure the defect 310 of the thermite welding rib 300 with the tread 220 depth within the range of 80-120 mm, effectively eliminate the hidden danger of damage and improve the flaw detection quality.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A flaw detection method for a railway thermite welding rib is characterized by comprising the following steps:
smearing a coupling agent on the surface of a steel rail test piece;
after smearing, placing the ultrasonic probe on the side surface of the rail head, and coupling with a coupling agent; wherein the ultrasonic probe is an oblique probe, and the range of the K value of the ultrasonic probe is 0.85< K < 1;
after coupling, moving the ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece for scanning to obtain a primary reflection echo signal.
2. The method for detecting a flaw of a railway thermite welding bead as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of coating a couplant on the surface of a steel rail test piece comprises:
polishing the side surface of the rail head to remove rust on the side surface of the rail head;
after polishing, cleaning a polishing area and removing debris;
and after cleaning, smearing coupling agent on the side surface of the railhead.
3. The railroad thermite welding bead flaw detection method of claim 1, wherein the coupling agent is engine oil or vaseline.
4. The railway thermite welding bead flaw detection method of claim 1, wherein after the smearing, an ultrasonic probe is placed on the side surface of the rail head and coupled with the coupling agent; wherein, the ultrasonic probe is an oblique probe, and the range of the K value of the ultrasonic probe is 0.85< K <1, comprising the following steps:
after smearing, placing the ultrasonic probe on the side surface of the rail head, and enabling the emission surface of the probe to be perpendicular to the tip of the welding rib;
after the ultrasonic probe is placed, the emitting surface of the ultrasonic probe is contacted with the couplant, the probe is moved, and air between the emitting surface and the couplant is exhausted; wherein the ultrasonic probe is an oblique probe, and the range of the K value of the ultrasonic probe is 0.85< K < 1.
5. The railroad thermite weld bead inspection method of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic probe has a K value of 0.87.
6. The method for detecting a flaw of a railway thermite welded rib according to claim 1, wherein after the coupling, the step of moving an ultrasonic probe in the height direction of a steel rail test piece to perform scanning to obtain a primary reflection echo signal comprises:
after coupling, moving an ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece for scanning; wherein the number of scanning times is at least two;
and during scanning, observing the primary reflection echo signal and recording a detection value.
7. The railway thermite welding bead flaw detection method according to claim 6, wherein after coupling, the ultrasonic probe is moved in the height direction of the steel rail test piece for scanning; and scanning at least twice, wherein the scanning range of the ultrasonic probe is from a preset distance away from the tread of the steel rail test piece to the tip of the lower jaw of the rail head.
8. The method for detecting a flaw of a railway thermite welded rib according to claim 1, wherein after the coupling, the step of moving an ultrasonic probe in the height direction of a steel rail test piece to perform scanning to obtain a primary reflection echo signal comprises:
after coupling, moving an ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece for scanning;
operating an ultrasonic probe to scan the steel rail test piece, wherein the scanning time is more than 1 minute;
and during scanning, observing the primary reflection echo signal and recording a detection value.
9. The method for detecting a railroad thermite welding bead as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of moving the ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece after coupling to obtain a primary reflection echo signal includes:
after coupling, moving an ultrasonic probe along the height direction of the steel rail test piece for scanning; wherein the scanning speed v range of the ultrasonic probe is 0< v <50 mm/s.
10. A railway thermite welding bead flaw detection apparatus, characterized in that the railway thermite welding bead flaw detection apparatus performs nondestructive flaw detection by using the railway thermite welding bead flaw detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115656343A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-01-31 | 汕头市超声检测科技有限公司 | Steel rail weld defect positioning method based on serial matrix scanning |
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| CN115656343A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-01-31 | 汕头市超声检测科技有限公司 | Steel rail weld defect positioning method based on serial matrix scanning |
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