CN113639193A - Solid-state hydrogen storage system - Google Patents

Solid-state hydrogen storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113639193A
CN113639193A CN202110725985.4A CN202110725985A CN113639193A CN 113639193 A CN113639193 A CN 113639193A CN 202110725985 A CN202110725985 A CN 202110725985A CN 113639193 A CN113639193 A CN 113639193A
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China
Prior art keywords
hydrogen storage
solid
air pressure
real
temperature value
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨波
卢彦杉
何彬彬
江军
潘军
黄旭锐
于丰源
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Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110725985.4A priority Critical patent/CN113639193A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
    • F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0176—Solids and gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/036—Control means using alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The present application provides a solid-state hydrogen storage system comprising: the solid hydrogen storage device is used for storing hydrogen; the temperature sampling module is used for acquiring the real-time temperature value of the hydrogen storage module in the solid-state hydrogen storage device; the air pressure sampling module is used for acquiring a real-time air pressure value of a main air path in the solid-state hydrogen storage device; the heating module is used for working according to the control signal and heating the solid hydrogen storage device; and the control module is used for generating a temperature control signal according to the real-time temperature value and a preset temperature value, and generating an air pressure control signal according to the real-time air pressure value and a preset air pressure value so as to control the heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device, so that the real-time temperature value and the real-time air pressure value are in a preset range. The solid-state hydrogen storage system provided by the invention can intelligently correct the deviation when the internal temperature and the gas pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage device deviate from the preset range, and ensures that the hydrogen discharge pressure of the device is always in the normal working range.

Description

Solid-state hydrogen storage system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage devices, in particular to a solid-state hydrogen storage system.
Background
With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, hydrogen energy is increasingly regarded as clean energy, and the hydrogen storage technology is rapidly developed. At present, there are three main ways of storing hydrogen: high pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low temperature liquid hydrogen storage, and solid state hydrogen storage. Wherein, the solid hydrogen storage has high hydrogen storage density, does not need high pressure and a heat insulation container, has good safety, can obtain high-purity hydrogen and improves the added value of the hydrogen; compared with high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, solid hydrogen storage has great superiority, so that the method is more and more widely applied.
However, solid-state hydrogen storage devices also have problems in practical applications. For example, as the temperature of the environment decreases, the hydrogen discharge speed and the hydrogen discharge pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage device also decrease. Under the condition of low temperature, the response speed of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is reduced, hydrogen supply at rated air pressure cannot be carried out continuously, the hydrogen flow is low, and the application of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is limited particularly in the cold environment in the north.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, a solid-state hydrogen storage system is needed to be provided to solve the problems of low hydrogen discharge pressure, low flow rate, slow response speed and the like caused by the over-low ambient temperature of the conventional solid-state hydrogen storage device.
The present application provides a solid-state hydrogen storage system comprising:
the solid hydrogen storage device is used for storing hydrogen; the temperature sampling modules are uniformly distributed and tightly attached to the outer surface of the solid-state hydrogen storage device and are used for acquiring real-time temperature values of the hydrogen storage modules in the solid-state hydrogen storage device; the air pressure sampling module is positioned on an inlet/outlet main pipeline of the solid hydrogen storage device and is used for acquiring a real-time air pressure value of a main air pipeline in the solid hydrogen storage device; the heating module is uniformly and closely contacted with and covers the outer surface of the solid hydrogen storage device and is used for working according to control signals and heating the solid hydrogen storage device, and the control signals comprise temperature control signals and air pressure control signals; a control module electrically connected to both the temperature sampling module and the air pressure sampling module and configured to:
generating the temperature control signal according to the real-time temperature value and a preset temperature value to control the heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device, so that the real-time temperature value is within a preset temperature range; and
and generating the air pressure control signal according to the real-time air pressure value and a preset air pressure value so as to control the heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device, so that the real-time air pressure value is within a preset air pressure range.
The solid-state hydrogen storage system can monitor the internal temperature and the gas pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage device in real time, intelligently corrects the deviation when the internal temperature and the gas pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage device deviate from a preset range, ensures that the hydrogen discharge pressure of the device is always in a normal working range, and avoids the defects of low hydrogen discharge pressure, low flow and slow response speed caused by the over-low ambient temperature. Meanwhile, overheating is avoided by continuously monitoring the pressure, and good safety is achieved.
In one embodiment, the preset temperature value includes a first preset temperature value and a second preset temperature value, the second preset temperature value is greater than the first preset temperature value, and the control module is configured to:
if the real-time temperature value is lower than the first preset temperature value, generating a first temperature control signal to control the heating module to continuously heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device until the real-time temperature value reaches the first preset temperature value;
if the real-time temperature value is between the first preset temperature value and the second preset temperature value, generating a second temperature control signal to control the heating module to intermittently heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device; when the real-time temperature value reaches the second preset temperature value, stopping heating;
and if the real-time temperature value is higher than the second preset temperature value, generating a third temperature control signal to control the heating module to stop heating.
In one embodiment, the preset air pressure values include a first preset air pressure value and a second preset air pressure value, the second preset air pressure value is greater than the first preset air pressure value, and the control module is further configured to:
if the real-time air pressure value is lower than a first preset air pressure value, generating a first air pressure control signal to control the heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device; when the real-time air pressure value reaches the second preset air pressure value, stopping heating;
and if the real-time air pressure value is higher than the second preset air pressure value, forming a second air pressure control signal to control the heating module to stop heating.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
the alarm device is electrically connected with the control module; the control module is configured to:
and if the real-time temperature value is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature value and less than or equal to the second preset temperature value and the real-time air pressure value is lower than the first preset air pressure value, generating a third air pressure control signal to control the heating module to stop heating and control the alarm device to give an alarm, and prompting an operator to charge hydrogen for the solid-state hydrogen storage device.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
if the real-time air pressure value is higher than the second preset air pressure value and the real-time temperature value is lower than the first preset temperature value, the control module generates a fourth air pressure control signal to control the heating module to stop heating.
In one embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage device is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy, and the hydrogen storage alloy comprises at least one of a rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloy, a titanium-based hydrogen storage alloy, and a zirconium-based hydrogen storage alloy.
In one embodiment, the real-time temperature value is a maximum temperature value obtained by a plurality of temperature sampling modules.
In one embodiment, the heating module comprises:
the heating unit is used for heating the solid hydrogen storage device;
and the relay is electrically connected with the control module and the heating unit and is used for conducting according to the control signal so as to control the heating unit to work.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the digital display control instrument is electrically connected with the control module and is used for displaying the real-time temperature value and the real-time air pressure value.
In one embodiment, the alarm device comprises a warning light alarm and/or a buzzer alarm.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solid-state hydrogen storage system in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an external circuit of the solid state hydrogen storage system in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
It will be understood that, as used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first preset temperature value may be referred to as a second preset temperature value, and similarly, a second preset temperature value may be referred to as a first preset temperature value, without departing from the scope of the present application. Both the first preset temperature value and the second preset temperature value are preset temperature values, but they are not the same preset temperature value.
It is to be understood that "electrically connected" in the following embodiments is to be understood as "electrically connected", "communicatively electrically connected", and the like, if circuits, modules, units, and the like, which are electrically connected, have electrical signals or data transfer therebetween.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "includes" or "including," etc., specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Also, as used in this specification, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.
Hydrogen is a clean energy source in the nature, and the combustion product of the hydrogen is only water and does not cause any pollution to the environment, so the great development of hydrogen energy becomes an important direction for solving the energy problem for human beings. However, hydrogen is very explosive due to the active chemical nature of hydrogen, and therefore, the storage and transportation requirements of hydrogen are very strict. At present, the hydrogen storage method mainly comprises three types, namely high-pressure gas storage, low-temperature liquid storage and solid storage, wherein the solid storage has the most development prospect.
Research shows that some metals or alloys can react with hydrogen to generate metal hydride, and the metal hydride returns to the original metal or alloy after being heated and decompressed and releases hydrogen to realize reversible storage of hydrogen, and the metals or alloys are collectively called as hydrogen storage alloys. The hydrogen storage alloy has strong hydrogen storage capacity, and the hydrogen storage density of unit volume is 1000 times of that of gaseous hydrogen under the same temperature and pressure conditions. Since the hydrogen storage alloy is a solid, solid-state hydrogen storage based on hydrogen storage alloy does not require a large and heavy cylinder necessary for storing high-pressure hydrogen gas, nor the extremely low temperature conditions necessary for storing liquid hydrogen. However, solid-state hydrogen storage is not without any requirement, and when the temperature is too high or too low, the solid-state hydrogen storage device cannot work normally, or even has a great risk, so how to keep the internal environment of the solid-state hydrogen storage device relatively stable is very important for the solid-state hydrogen storage device.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a solid state hydrogen storage system is provided, comprising:
solid hydrogen storage device for storing hydrogen, and hydrogen storage alloy filled in the solid hydrogen storage device, wherein in some embodiments, the hydrogen storage alloy can adopt rare earth hydrogen storage alloy, titanium hydrogen storage alloy, zirconium hydrogen storage alloy and the like, and in this embodiment, the hydrogen storage alloy can adopt titanium manganese AB2Hydrogen-absorbing alloy and/or rare earth AB5A hydrogen storage alloy;
the temperature sampling modules are uniformly distributed and tightly attached to the outer surface of the solid-state hydrogen storage device and used for acquiring real-time temperature values of the hydrogen storage modules in the solid-state hydrogen storage device, the real-time temperature values in the solid-state hydrogen storage device are selected as the maximum temperature values acquired by all the temperature sampling modules, in some embodiments, the temperature sampling modules can be thermal resistors or thermocouples, in the embodiment, the temperature sampling modules can be selected to be K-type thermocouples, the range is-30-200 ℃ or wider, and the precision is +/-0.1 ℃ or better;
the system comprises a gas pressure sampling module, a gas pressure sampling module and a gas pressure sensor, wherein the gas pressure sampling module is positioned on an inlet/outlet main pipeline of the solid-state hydrogen storage device and is used for acquiring a real-time gas pressure value of the main gas pipeline inside the solid-state hydrogen storage device;
the heating module is uniformly and closely contacted with and covers the outer surface of the solid hydrogen storage device and is used for working according to a control signal and heating the solid hydrogen storage device, the control signal comprises a temperature control signal and an air pressure control signal, in some embodiments, the heating module can adopt a ceramic heating ring, a stainless steel heating ring or a silica gel heating sheet, in the embodiment, the heating module can adopt the ceramic heating ring or the silica gel heating sheet and can be determined according to a specific use environment;
the control module is electrically connected with the temperature sampling module and the air pressure sampling module and is configured to:
generating a temperature control signal according to the real-time temperature value and a preset temperature value, and controlling a heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device so that the real-time temperature value is within a preset temperature range; generating a gas pressure control signal according to the real-time gas pressure value and a preset gas pressure value, and controlling a heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device so that the real-time gas pressure value is within a preset gas pressure range; in the embodiment, under the ordinary room temperature environment, the temperature of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device can be maintained at 50-60 ℃ for a long time, the air pressure can be maintained at 15-20MPa, and high-pressure hydrogen can be continuously provided to meet the use requirement; in winter outdoor low-temperature environment, the temperature of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device can be maintained at 15-25 ℃ for a long time, the air pressure can be maintained at 1-2MPa, and low-pressure hydrogen can be continuously provided to meet the use requirement;
the solid-state hydrogen storage system provided in the above embodiment can monitor the internal temperature and the gas pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage device in real time, and intelligently correct the deviation when the internal temperature and the gas pressure deviate from the preset range, so that the hydrogen discharge pressure of the device is ensured to be always within the normal working range, and the defects of low hydrogen discharge pressure, low flow and slow response speed caused by the over-low ambient temperature are avoided. Meanwhile, overheating is avoided by continuously monitoring the pressure, and good safety is achieved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the preset temperature value includes a first preset temperature value and a second preset temperature value, the second preset temperature value is greater than the first preset temperature value, for example, in this embodiment, under the outdoor low-temperature environment in winter, the tank temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device can be maintained at 15-25 ℃ for a long time, and then the first preset temperature value is 15 ℃ and the second preset temperature value is 25 ℃, the control module is configured to:
if the real-time temperature value is lower than the first preset temperature value, generating a first temperature control signal to control the heating module to continuously heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device until the real-time temperature value reaches the first preset temperature value, in this embodiment, under the outdoor low-temperature environment in winter, if the real-time temperature value of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is lower than 15 ℃, the control module generates a continuous heating control signal to control the heating module to continuously heat until the real-time temperature value reaches 15 ℃, and then stops heating;
if the real-time temperature value is between the first preset temperature value and the second preset temperature value, generating a second temperature control signal to control the heating module to intermittently heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and stopping heating when the real-time temperature value reaches the second preset temperature value, in the embodiment, under the outdoor low-temperature environment in winter, if the real-time temperature value of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is between 15 and 25 ℃, the control module generates an intermittent heating control signal to control the heating module to intermittently heat the tank body, and stops heating when the real-time temperature value reaches 25 ℃;
if the real-time temperature value is higher than the second preset temperature value, a third temperature control signal is generated to control the heating module to stop heating, in this embodiment, in the outdoor low-temperature environment in winter, if the real-time temperature value of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is higher than 25 ℃, the control module generates a heating stop control signal to control the heating module to stop heating.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the preset gas pressure values include a first preset gas pressure value and a second preset gas pressure value, the second preset gas pressure value is greater than the first preset gas pressure value, for example, in this embodiment, in a winter outdoor low-temperature environment, the tank gas pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage device can be maintained at 1-2MPa, then the first preset gas pressure value is 1MPa, the second preset gas pressure value is 2MPa, and the control module is further configured to:
if the real-time air pressure value is lower than the first preset air pressure value, generating a first air pressure control signal to control the heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and stopping heating when the real-time air pressure value reaches a second preset air pressure value, in the embodiment, under the outdoor low-temperature environment in winter, if the detected real-time air pressure value is lower than 1MPa, the control module generates a heating signal to control the heating module to start heating the tank body, and stops heating when the real-time air pressure value reaches 2 MPa;
if the real-time air pressure value is higher than the second preset air pressure value, a second air pressure control signal is formed to control the heating module to stop heating, in this embodiment, under the outdoor low-temperature environment in winter, if the detected real-time air pressure value is higher than 2MPa, the control module generates a heating stop signal to control the heating module to stop heating.
In some embodiments of the invention, further comprising:
the alarm device is electrically connected with the control module, and in some embodiments, the alarm device can be a warning lamp alarm and/or a buzzer alarm; the control module is configured to:
if the real-time temperature value is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature value and less than or equal to the second preset temperature value and the real-time air pressure value is lower than the first preset air pressure value, a third air pressure control signal is generated to control the heating module to stop heating and control the alarm device to alarm, in the embodiment, in the outdoor low-temperature environment in winter, if the real-time temperature value of the tank body is between 15 and 25 ℃ and the detected real-time air pressure value is lower than 1MPa, the control module generates a heating stop control signal and alarms to the control alarm device to prompt an operator to charge hydrogen for the solid-state hydrogen storage device.
In some embodiments of the invention, further comprising:
if the real-time air pressure value is higher than the second preset air pressure value and the real-time temperature value is lower than the first preset temperature value, the control module generates a fourth air pressure control signal to control the heating module to stop heating.
In some embodiments of the invention, the heating module comprises:
the heating unit is used for heating the solid hydrogen storage device;
and the relay is electrically connected with the control module and the heating unit and is used for being conducted according to the control signal so as to control the heating unit to work.
In some embodiments of the invention, further comprising:
and the digital display control instrument is electrically connected with the control module and is used for displaying the real-time temperature value and the real-time air pressure value.
Some embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage system, comprising:
the solid hydrogen storage device 1 is used for storing hydrogen and is filled with hydrogen storage alloy, in some embodiments, the hydrogen storage alloy can adopt rare earth hydrogen storage alloy, titanium hydrogen storage alloy and zirconium hydrogen storage alloy, in this embodiment, the hydrogen storage alloy can adopt titanium manganese AB2Hydrogen-absorbing alloy and/or rare earth AB5A hydrogen storage alloy;
the temperature sampling modules 2 are uniformly distributed and tightly attached to the outer surface of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 and are used for acquiring real-time temperature values of hydrogen storage modules in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1, in some embodiments, the temperature sampling modules 2 can be thermal resistors or thermocouples, in the embodiment, the temperature sampling modules 2 can be selected to be K-type thermocouples, the range is-30-200 ℃ or wider, the precision is +/-0.1 ℃ or better, the number of the temperature sampling modules 2 is 6-24, the sampling points can comprise a plurality of upper, lower, left, right, front and rear planes of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1, the temperature sampling is accurate, and the real-time temperature values in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 are selected to be the maximum temperature values acquired by all the temperature sampling modules 2;
the gas pressure sampling module 4 is located on an inlet/outlet main pipeline of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 and is used for acquiring a real-time gas pressure value of the main gas pipeline inside the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1, in some embodiments, the gas pressure sampling module 4 may be a pressure transmitter or a pressure sensor, in this embodiment, the gas pressure sampling module 4 may be a pressure transmitter;
the heating module comprises a heating unit 3 and a relay 5, the heating unit 3 is uniformly and closely contacted with and covers the outer surface of the solid hydrogen storage device 1 and is used for working according to a control signal to heat the solid hydrogen storage device 1, the control signal comprises a temperature control signal and an air pressure control signal, in some embodiments, the heating unit 3 can adopt a ceramic heating ring, a stainless steel heating ring or a silica gel heating sheet, in the embodiment, the heating unit 3 can adopt a ceramic heating ring or a silica gel heating sheet, the working temperature is-30-100 ℃ or more preferably, and the heating unit 3 can be specifically selected according to the actual use environment;
the control module 6 is electrically connected with both the temperature sampling module 2 and the air pressure sampling module 3, and is configured to:
generating a temperature control signal according to the real-time temperature value and a preset temperature value, and controlling a heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 so that the real-time temperature value is within a preset temperature range; and generating an air pressure control signal according to the real-time air pressure value and the preset air pressure value, so as to control the heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1, so that the real-time air pressure value is within the preset air pressure range, in the embodiment, under a common room temperature environment, the temperature of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 can be maintained at 50-60 ℃ for a long time, and the air pressure can be maintained at 15-20 MPa; in winter outdoor low temperature environment, the temperature of the tank body of the solid hydrogen storage device 1 can be maintained at 15-25 ℃ for a long time, and the air pressure can be maintained at 1-2 MPa;
the digital display control instrument 7 is electrically connected with the control module 6 and is used for displaying a real-time temperature value and a real-time air pressure value;
and the alarm device 8 is electrically connected with the control module 6 and can be a warning lamp or a buzzer.
Specifically, the preset temperature value includes a first preset temperature value and a second preset temperature value, the second preset temperature value is greater than the first preset temperature value, for example, in this embodiment, under the outdoor low temperature environment in winter, the temperature of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 can be maintained at 15-25 ℃ for a long time, then the first preset temperature value is 15 ℃, the second preset temperature value is 25 ℃, if the real-time temperature value of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 is lower than 15 ℃, the control module 6 generates a continuous heating control signal, controls the heating module to continuously heat, and stops heating until the real-time temperature reaches 15 ℃; if the real-time temperature value of the solid hydrogen storage device 1 is between 15 and 25 ℃, the control module 6 generates an intermittent heating control signal to control the heating module to perform intermittent heating and stops heating when the real-time temperature reaches 25 ℃; if the real-time temperature value of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 is higher than 25 ℃, the control module 6 generates a heating stop control signal and controls the heating module to stop heating.
Specifically, the preset air pressure value includes a first preset air pressure value and a second preset air pressure value, the second preset air pressure value is greater than the first preset air pressure value, for example, in this embodiment, under the outdoor low-temperature environment in winter, the air pressure of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 may be maintained at 1-2MPa, the first preset air pressure value is 1MPa, the second preset air pressure value is 2MPa, if the detected real-time air pressure value is lower than 1MPa, the control module 6 generates a heating signal, controls the heating module to start heating the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1, and stops heating when the real-time air pressure value reaches 2 MPa; if the detected real-time air pressure value is higher than 2MPa, the control module 6 generates a heating stop signal and controls the heating module to stop heating.
Specifically, in the winter outdoor low-temperature environment, if the real-time temperature value of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 is between 15 and 25 ℃ and the detected air pressure value is lower than 1MPa, the control module 6 generates a heating stop control signal and gives an alarm through a buzzer or a warning light to prompt an operator to charge the solid-state hydrogen storage device with hydrogen.
Specifically, in the winter outdoor low-temperature environment, if the detected air pressure value is higher than 2MPa and the real-time temperature value of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 is lower than 15 ℃, the control module 6 generates a heating stop control signal and controls the heating module to stop heating, so as to ensure that the internal pressure of the tank body of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 is within a reasonable range and prevent explosion accidents.
The solid-state hydrogen storage system provided in the above embodiment can monitor the internal temperature and the gas pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 in real time, and intelligently correct the deviation when the internal temperature and the gas pressure deviate from the preset range, so that the hydrogen discharge pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 is always within the normal working range, and the defects of low hydrogen discharge pressure, low flow and slow response speed caused by the over-low environmental temperature are avoided. Meanwhile, overheating is avoided through continuous monitoring of pressure, and system safety is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment, the external circuit of the solid-state hydrogen storage system includes a temperature sampling module 2, an air pressure sampling module 4, a control module 6, a relay 5, a heating unit 3, a digital display controller 7 and an alarm device 8, wherein the temperature sampling module 2, the air pressure sampling module 4, the relay 5, the digital display controller 7 and the alarm device 8 are all electrically connected to the control module 6, the temperature sampling module 2 and the air pressure sampling module 4 convert analog signals of temperature and air pressure obtained by sampling into digital signals of temperature and air pressure, and send the digital signals into the control module 6, the control module 6 compares the digital signals of temperature and air pressure with preset temperature values and air pressure values set inside and calculates and generates control signals according to the received digital signals of temperature and air pressure, and controls the on-off operation of the relay 5, thereby controlling the operation of the heating unit 3.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The above-described system embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units may be a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in an electrical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in a hardware form.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A solid state hydrogen storage system, comprising:
the solid hydrogen storage device is used for storing hydrogen;
the temperature sampling modules are uniformly distributed and tightly attached to the outer surface of the solid-state hydrogen storage device and are used for acquiring real-time temperature values of the hydrogen storage modules in the solid-state hydrogen storage device;
the air pressure sampling module is positioned on an inlet/outlet main pipeline of the solid hydrogen storage device and is used for acquiring a real-time air pressure value of a main air pipeline in the solid hydrogen storage device;
the heating module is uniformly and closely contacted with and covers the outer surface of the solid hydrogen storage device and is used for working according to control signals and heating the solid hydrogen storage device, and the control signals comprise temperature control signals and air pressure control signals;
a control module electrically connected to both the temperature sampling module and the air pressure sampling module and configured to:
generating the temperature control signal according to the real-time temperature value and a preset temperature value to control the heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device, so that the real-time temperature value is within a preset temperature range; and
and generating the air pressure control signal according to the real-time air pressure value and a preset air pressure value so as to control the heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device, so that the real-time air pressure value is within a preset air pressure range.
2. The solid state hydrogen storage system of claim 1, wherein the preset temperature value comprises a first preset temperature value and a second preset temperature value, the second preset temperature value being greater than the first preset temperature value, the control module configured to:
if the real-time temperature value is lower than the first preset temperature value, generating a first temperature control signal to control the heating module to continuously heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device until the real-time temperature value reaches the first preset temperature value;
if the real-time temperature value is between the first preset temperature value and the second preset temperature value, generating a second temperature control signal to control the heating module to intermittently heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device; when the real-time temperature value reaches the second preset temperature value, stopping heating;
and if the real-time temperature value is higher than the second preset temperature value, generating a third temperature control signal to control the heating module to stop heating.
3. The solid-state hydrogen storage system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined gas pressure values comprise a first predetermined gas pressure value and a second predetermined gas pressure value, the second predetermined gas pressure value being greater than the first predetermined gas pressure value, the control module further configured to:
if the real-time air pressure value is lower than a first preset air pressure value, generating a first air pressure control signal to control the heating module to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device; when the real-time air pressure value reaches the second preset air pressure value, stopping heating;
and if the real-time air pressure value is higher than the second preset air pressure value, generating a second air pressure control signal to control the heating module to stop heating.
4. The solid state hydrogen storage system of claim 2 or 3, further comprising:
the alarm device is electrically connected with the control module; the control module is configured to:
and if the real-time temperature value is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature value and less than or equal to the second preset temperature value and the real-time air pressure value is lower than the first preset air pressure value, generating a third air pressure control signal to control the heating module to stop heating and control the alarm device to give an alarm, and prompting an operator to charge hydrogen for the solid-state hydrogen storage device.
5. The solid state hydrogen storage system of claim 2 or 3, further comprising:
if the real-time air pressure value is higher than the second preset air pressure value and the real-time temperature value is lower than the first preset temperature value, the control module generates a fourth air pressure control signal to control the heating module to stop heating.
6. The solid-state hydrogen storage system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the solid-state hydrogen storage device is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy comprising at least one of a rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloy, a titanium-based hydrogen storage alloy, and a zirconium-based hydrogen storage alloy.
7. The solid state hydrogen storage system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the real-time temperature value is a maximum temperature value obtained by a plurality of the temperature sampling modules.
8. The solid state hydrogen storage system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the heating module comprises:
the heating unit is used for heating the solid hydrogen storage device;
and the relay is electrically connected with the control module and the heating unit and is used for conducting according to the control signal so as to control the heating unit to work.
9. The solid state hydrogen storage system of any one of claims 1-3, further comprising:
and the digital display control instrument is electrically connected with the control module and is used for displaying the real-time temperature value and the real-time air pressure value.
10. The solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 4, wherein the alarm device comprises a warning light alarm and/or a buzzer alarm.
CN202110725985.4A 2021-06-29 2021-06-29 Solid-state hydrogen storage system Pending CN113639193A (en)

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