CN113638791B

CN113638791B - Double-layer cascaded two-phase flow atomizer device

Info

Publication number: CN113638791B
Application number: CN202110915671.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈小青; 农占奎; 孙奈
Original assignee: Shenzhen Kewei New Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Kewei New Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-10
Filing date: 2021-08-10
Publication date: 2022-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-10
Also published as: CN113638791A

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-layer cascaded two-phase flow atomizer device, which comprises a microporous plate, a vortex guide plate, a vortex flow deflector and a main cavity body shell, wherein the vortex guide plate and the vortex flow deflector are connected in a male-female embedded manner, the microporous plate is arranged on a combination of the vortex guide plate and the vortex flow deflector in a limiting connection manner, and the combination of the vortex guide plate and the vortex flow deflector is connected to an inner cavity of the main cavity body shell in an interference fit manner, and the double-layer cascaded two-phase flow atomizer device is structurally characterized in that: when liquid enters the cavity channel formed by the assembly through the thin sheet micropore array, the liquid can be mixed with air in the cavity channel to form a front-stage vapor-liquid two-phase flow, so that the viscosity and specific gravity of the liquid are reduced, and the atomization of the rear-stage two-phase flow is facilitated to form atomized particles with smaller particle size.

Description

Double-layer cascaded two-phase flow atomizer device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile parts, in particular to a urea nozzle, and more particularly relates to a double-layer cascade two-phase flow atomizer device of the urea nozzle.

Background

The tail gas of the diesel vehicle contains a large amount of harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, and the harmful gases are discharged into the air to cause great harm to the environment. The SCR is to make atomized urea particles and nitrogen oxide particles in tail gas generate chemical reaction under the catalysis action to generate nitrogen and water at high temperature, so that harmful substances of nitrogen oxide in the tail gas are converted into harmless nitrogen and water.

In the national six standards of the national laws and regulations, the required concentration of nitrogen oxides released by automobile exhaust is reduced by 77% compared with the national five standards, and in the next national six standard B stage, an extremely low standard is set for the concentration of ammonia gas which does not participate in the reaction of the SCR system. This requires that the urea injection amount must be strictly controlled within a narrow range even after the nitrogen oxide exhaust gas of a specified concentration is treated.

The conversion degree of nitrogen oxides in tail gas is closely related to the particle size of urea particles, the smaller the particle size of the urea particles, the more sufficient the urea particles are mixed with the nitrogen oxides, the nitrogen oxides are more easily converted, the liquid atomization difficulty mainly depends on the surface tension of liquid and the viscosity of the liquid, the stronger the surface tension of the liquid and the stronger the viscosity, the more difficult the atomization, the current urea nozzles all adopt a single-layer two-phase flow structure to atomize urea, the structure is larger for the atomized urea solution with certain viscosity, and the conversion efficiency of the nitrogen oxides in the tail gas is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a two-stage cascade two-phase atomizer device, which can stir liquid and air in advance to reduce the viscosity and specific gravity of the liquid by a front-stage two-phase structure, and can obtain smaller atomized particles in the atomization process of a rear-stage two-phase structure due to the reduction of the viscosity and specific gravity of the liquid.

The scheme of the invention is realized by the following method, and the double-layer cascaded two-phase flow atomizer device comprises a microporous plate, a vortex guide plate, a vortex flow deflector and a main cavity shell.

Vortex guide piece be the atomizing core spare part of atomizer nozzle, be the semi-spherical structure, there is a plane semi-spherical structure bottom, be provided with four glossy rectangular channels on semi-spherical structure surface top-down, four glossy rectangular channel ends form a cylinder space at the baseplane, four rectangular channel ends all outwards expand along the tangent direction in cylindrical space, four glossy rectangular channels and cylinder space constitute the runner of chrysanthemum lamella at the baseplane, be provided with a rectangle boss at the hemisphere top, the effect of boss is right the micropore board spacing.

Preferably, the vortex guide plate is of a hemispherical structure, the four smooth flow passages on the hemispherical surface can smoothly change the flow direction of the liquid by 90 degrees, the hemispherical design can avoid energy loss caused by sudden change and collision of the liquid in the steering process, and the flow resistance of the liquid can be reduced to the maximum extent.

Preferably, the rectangular groove on the bottom plane of the vortex guide plate forms a chrysanthemum petal-shaped flow channel, and the design can enable liquid to enter the cylindrical space from the direction tangential to the cylindrical space to form a vortex flow.

The vortex guide vane is of a cylindrical structure, the center of the cylinder is provided with an inwards concave hemisphere, the bottom of the hemisphere is provided with a plane, and the center of the bottom plane is provided with a circular through hole.

Preferably, the concave hemisphere and the vortex guide plate form a male-female mosaic structure, and the function of the mosaic structure is to form a cavity required by atomization. The mode that this design structurally adopted the equipment has reduced the processing degree of difficulty of chamber way, and the sphere has central axis symmetry, has avoided leading to the atomizer functional failure because of the counterpoint is inaccurate in the assembling process.

The micropore plate is of a sheet structure with a micro small hole array, a rectangular hole is formed in the center of the sheet, and the rectangular hole is positioned when the micropore plate is assembled and connected with the vortex guide sheet, so that the micropore array on the micropore plate and the rectangular groove on the vortex guide sheet are prevented from being misaligned.

Preferably, the micro-pore arrays on the micro-pore plate are symmetrically arranged, and the design can ensure that high-pressure liquid obtains larger kinetic energy when passing through the micro-pore arrays to form cylindrical jet flow, the cylindrical jet flow enters a cavity channel formed by the vortex guide plate and is stirred with air in the cavity channel to form vapor-liquid two-phase flow, so that the specific gravity of the liquid is reduced to a certain extent, and the viscosity of the liquid is reduced.

The outer appearance of the main cavity shell is of a beaker-shaped structure, a horn-shaped taper hole is formed outwards in the center of the bottom of the structure, the diameter of the bottom of the horn-shaped taper hole is 0.38-0.42 mm, the taper of the horn-shaped taper hole determines the angle of spraying, and the taper range is 60-120 degrees.

Preferably, the main cavity shell is connected with the vortex guide plate and the vortex guide plate in an interference fit mode, and the atomizing nozzle is simplified in the design structure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a two-phase flow atomizer device in a two-layer cascade configuration;

1: and (2) a micro-porous plate: vortex guide plate 3: vortex flow deflector

4: main cavity body shell

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the scroll guide plate;

2: vortex guide piece

a: rectangular groove d: spacing boss

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. 2;

b: cylindrical space

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a two-phase flow atomizer device assembly in a two-layer cascade;

c: a cavity e: rectangular hole f: microwell array

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a scroll plate according to embodiment 2;

5: scroll piece c 1: inclined hole d 1: spacing boss

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a scroll sheet of embodiment 2;

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of FIG. 6;

a 1: rectangular groove b 1: cylindrical space

FIG. 8 is an assembly diagram of embodiment 2.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The technical embodiments of the present invention are further described by the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

a two-layer cascade two-phase flow atomizer device, as shown in fig. 1: comprises a microporous plate 1, a vortex guide piece 2, a vortex flow deflector 3 and a main cavity shell 4.

The micropore plate 1 is a circular thin sheet with a rectangular hole in the center obtained by punching a thin sheet raw material, and then a micropore array is processed in a laser ablation mode.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the scroll guide plate 2 is machined into a hemispherical structure with a rectangular groove a on the surface by CNC machining, the spherical surface is a high-gloss surface or a mirror surface, and a cylindrical space b is formed at the end of the rectangular groove a and the center of the bottom by CNC machining and is a blind hole. An assembly positioning structure d is manufactured on a platform combined with the microporous plate at the upper end of the vortex guide sheet through CNC machining, and is a limiting boss matched with a rectangular hole e in the center of the microporous plate.

The vortex guide vane 3 is a bowl-shaped structure combining a concave spherical surface and a bottom plane, the concave spherical surface and the bottom plane are formed in one step by a forming cutter, and the formed concave spherical surface is a high-gloss surface or a mirror surface. The outside of vortex water conservancy diversion piece is cylindric structure, realizes through lathe work, and the bottom face of vortex water conservancy diversion piece is cut off through the turning and is formed.

The main cavity housing 4 is manufactured by turning or drawing.

As shown in fig. 4, when assembling, vortex guide piece 2 and vortex guide piece 3 connect into the required chamber way c of an integrated formation atomizing through the mode that the cooperation is inlayed to the public mother, the micropore board is installed at the assembly plane that vortex guide piece 2 and vortex guide piece 3 constitute through the mode that central rectangular hole e cup jointed with spacing boss d on the vortex guide piece, and this spacing mounting means can guarantee that micropore array f on the micropore board docks with the chamber way c in vortex guide piece and the vortex guide piece assembly accurately and does not have the deviation, connects the face at the two and passes through the macromolecular adhesive and connect, forms the atomizer structure in vortex guide piece 2 and the punching press of vortex guide piece 3 assembly that will install micropore board 1 enter into the inner chamber of main cavity body shell 4.

Example 2:

a two-layer cascade two-phase flow atomizer device, as shown in fig. 1 and 5: comprises a micropore plate 1, a vortex sheet 5 and a main cavity shell 4.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, vortex piece 5 realized the function of

vortex guide piece

2 and 3 combinations of vortex water conservancy diversion piece, vortex piece 5 appearance is the cylinder, symmetric distribution has four inclined holes c1 that draw close to the center from top to bottom gradually on the cylinder, on inclined hole afterbody plane, it has four rectangular channel a1 to extend to the plane center with the inclined hole afterbody, four rectangular channel are the pitch arc and arrange and form chrysanthemum petal form, the design of rectangular channel afterbody has cylindrical space b1, there is spacing boss d1 of rectangle on the top plane of cylinder, spacing boss d1 of rectangle cup joints the equipment with micropore board rectangular hole e.

The vortex sheet 5 can be realized by CNC turning, milling and drilling.

As shown in fig. 8, during assembly, the micro-porous plate 1 is mounted on the plane of the scroll plate with the rectangular boss d1 in a limiting manner, and is bonded together by a polymer adhesive, and after the micro-porous plate is mounted, the scroll plate 5 is pressed into the main cavity housing 4 to form an atomizer structure.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principle used, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-layer cascade two-phase flow atomizer device is characterized in that: the vortex guide plate and the vortex guide plate are combined into an integral four cavity channels which are gradually folded from top to bottom and around the same hour hand direction to the center through male and female inlaying, a cylindrical space is formed at the tail ends of the four cavity channels, every two spaced cavity channels are tangentially opposite-projected around the cylindrical space, and the vortex cavity function is realized; the microporous plate is a circular thin plate, four micro circular hole arrays which are symmetrically distributed are arranged on the circular thin plate, the total area of the micro circular hole arrays exceeds the sum of the sectional areas of four cavities formed by the vortex guide plate and the vortex guide plate, the diameter of each micro circular hole is 0.08-0.15 mm, the diameter ratio of the thickness of the circular thin plate to the micro circular holes is 1-1.5, and the micro holes of the ultrathin thin plate realize the mixing and stirring of high-speed liquid flow and air in the cavity under the condition of intermittently switching on and off the liquid, so that the pre-stage vapor-liquid two-phase flow is completed, and the liquid viscosity is reduced; the shell of the main cavity is of a beaker-shaped structure, the center of the cylinder is provided with an assembly cavity, the center of the bottom of the assembly cavity is provided with a small hole, the small hole is a cylinder, the hole diameter is 0.38-0.45 mm, the thickness-to-hole ratio of the small hole is less than 0.8, and liquid is sprayed out at high speed under high pressure to form a rear-stage gas-liquid two-phase flow with air.

2. A two-layer cascaded two-phase flow atomizer device according to claim 1, wherein: the micropore plate is on vortex guide piece and vortex water conservancy diversion piece assembly, has a rectangle boss to realize spacing to the micropore plate at vortex guide piece top plane, and vortex guide piece and vortex water conservancy diversion piece assembly are installed in main cavity body shell.