CN113638454A - Dynamic compaction treatment method for karst foundation - Google Patents
Dynamic compaction treatment method for karst foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113638454A CN113638454A CN202110624802.XA CN202110624802A CN113638454A CN 113638454 A CN113638454 A CN 113638454A CN 202110624802 A CN202110624802 A CN 202110624802A CN 113638454 A CN113638454 A CN 113638454A
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- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013102 re-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dynamic compaction processing method for a karst foundation, which comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining the approximate plane distribution of underground karst of a construction site and the burial depth data of a karst cave top plate, and dividing the construction site into different blocks according to the burial depth data of the karst cave top plate; (2) acquiring karst development condition information, respectively carrying out local dynamic compaction tests on different blocks, and determining dynamic compaction construction technical parameters of the different blocks; (3) the invention divides the areas with different depths and development conditions of the karst cave in the construction area into regions, respectively gives out proper construction technical parameters, and carries out dynamic compaction treatment in the regions, thereby ensuring the treatment effect, shortening the construction period, saving the treatment resources and reducing the construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dynamic compaction treatment method for a karst foundation.
Background
The dynamic compaction method is a method for dynamically compacting rock-soil mass by freely dropping dozens of tons (generally 8-40t) of heavy hammers from a height of dozens of meters (generally 6-40 m). The dynamic compaction reinforcement is based on a dynamic compaction mechanism, namely, the pore volume of a rock-soil body is reduced by using impact type dynamic load, and a soil body becomes compact, so that the strength of foundation soil is improved.
The above dynamic compaction mechanism is feasible for treating karst special geology. However, because the treatment depths of different dynamic compaction energy levels are different, whether the expected treatment effect can be achieved by the traditional dynamic compaction method construction is unknown for the karst caves with different burial depths.
First, the inability to select an economical, reasonable construction range is a major drawback. Because the actual exploration drilling quantity of the engineering is limited, a construction party can only roughly judge the geological distribution condition of the karst in a construction area. Therefore, in order to ensure proper treatment of the roadbed, the construction range needs to be paved in all areas of project construction. In this case, the construction cost and the construction period are increased.
Secondly, the depth and development condition of the karst cave in different areas in the construction area are different, and the defect that proper construction technical parameters cannot be selected is a big defect. The thicker the covering soil is, the larger the karst cave is, and the larger the energy is required during dynamic compaction. However, if the dynamic compaction energy level is selected too large, the resources are wasted, and if the dynamic compaction energy level is selected too small, the expected treatment effect cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects and shortcomings, the karst foundation dynamic compaction treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) acquiring approximate plane distribution of underground karst of a construction site and burial depth data of a karst cave top plate, and dividing the construction site into different blocks according to the burial depth data of the karst cave top plate;
(2) acquiring karst development condition information, respectively carrying out local dynamic compaction tests on different blocks, and determining dynamic compaction construction technical parameters of the different blocks;
(3) and performing dynamic compaction construction on different blocks, monitoring the treatment effect of the foundation in the dynamic compaction construction process, measuring while tamping, and optimizing subsequent construction according to monitoring information.
And further, the step (2) comprises the steps of performing seismic wave CT detection on the drilled holes of each block, and obtaining the more accurate vertical distribution of the underground karst through the seismic wave CT detection.
Further, the step (1) comprises scanning by a geological radar within the construction site range, and analyzing and acquiring the data of the approximate plane distribution of the underground karst and the burial depth of the karst cave roof through the scanning of the geological radar.
Further, the step (2) further comprises exploring the karst caves of different blocks by adopting the exploration holes, and comprehensively analyzing the exploration holes, the geological radar and the seismic wave CT result to obtain the karst development condition information.
Further, the distance between the measuring lines of the geological radar in the step (1) is 2.5m, and the directions of the measuring lines are the same.
Further, the drill holes are distributed in pairs, the seismic wave CT excites seismic waves in the excitation holes, the seismic waves are received in the receiving holes distributed in pairs, a seismic wave CT data file is compiled according to the excitation point coordinates, the receiving point coordinates and the seismic wave first arrival time of each ray, and the vertical distribution data of the underground karst which is accurate is obtained in the mode.
Further, the step (2) carries out local dynamic compaction tests on different blocks, full compaction arrangement is adopted in the tests, single-point compaction energy is increased from low to high step by step, and the dynamic compaction treatment effect is stopped after meeting the treatment requirements in such a way.
Furthermore, in the local dynamic compaction test, after the trial compaction of each energy level is finished, the tamping settlement and geological radar secondary scanning are carried out to determine the tamping effect.
Further, the step (1) further comprises using a satellite positioning system to position the construction site range scanned by the geological radar.
Further, the full compaction comprises the steps of laying tamping points in a test field, tamping 1 tamping at each point, leveling after tamping is finished, and rolling and compacting by a road roller.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) the invention mainly explores the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the underground karst cave of a construction site by combining an exploration hole, a geological radar and a seismic wave CT on the basis of dynamic compaction. The exploration hole is focused on a point, the seismic wave CT is focused on a line, the geological radar is focused on a surface, and the spatial distribution data of the underground karst cave can be obtained more quickly, conveniently and simply by using a point, line and surface detection method.
(2) According to certain information of the obtained underground karst cave, dividing a construction site into different blocks, obtaining spatial distribution data of the underground karst cave, respectively carrying out local dynamic compaction tests on the different blocks, and determining dynamic compaction construction technical parameters of the different blocks; and (3) performing dynamic compaction construction by adopting different blocks in a blocking construction mode and adopting the technical parameters determined by the method, monitoring the treatment effect of the foundation in the dynamic compaction construction process, measuring along with compaction, and optimizing subsequent construction according to monitoring information.
(3) The scanning results before and after the geological radar construction are combined with the monitoring information, the effect of dynamic compaction processing can be fed back well, local tests and classification block construction are carried out by selecting typical karst development areas in a construction site, the construction parameters in the original construction scheme are optimized, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the CT detection principle of seismic waves;
FIG. 2 is a survey line layout (taking the 8m 8.5m range as an example);
FIG. 3 is a scanning result of the horizontal direction of the survey line geological radar before construction;
FIG. 4 is a depth direction scan result after scanning of a geological radar of a survey line before construction;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of seismic CT suspected region excitation hole and receiving hole waveform changes;
FIG. 6 is a two-dimensional velocity cloud chart obtained by CT waveform inversion of seismic waves;
FIG. 7 is the horizontal direction scan result after survey line geological radar scanning after construction;
FIG. 8 is the depth direction scan result after construction survey line-geological radar scan.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Geological radar principle: geological radars operate by transmitting high-frequency, very high-frequency electromagnetic waves in the form of pulses into the ground. When the electromagnetic wave propagates in the medium and meets underground objects with electrical differences, such as holes, interfaces and the like, the electromagnetic wave is reflected and returns to the ground to be received by the receiving antenna. On the basis of processing and analyzing the radar waves received by the receiving antenna, the spatial position, the structure, the electrical property and the geometric form of the underground target body can be inferred according to the received radar waves, the strength, the two-way time and other parameters.
The seismic wave CT principle is as follows: referring to fig. 2, a seismic wave velocity tomography (referred to as seismic wave CT for short) is based on the seismic wave ray theory, and studies the change of the seismic wave in the velocity fields of different stratums and cavities by observing the travel time difference of the seismic wave, so as to track and invert the seismic wave ray and reconstruct a stratum wave velocity data model.
According to the principle, one embodiment of the invention combines a geological radar, an exploration hole and a seismic wave CT to detect the development condition of a karst below a construction site, scans the geological radar within the construction site in a surface-to-point and line-to-line mode, combines the exploration hole and the seismic wave CT to quickly and simply obtain the spatial distribution data of the underground karst, selects different block representative regions to perform local tests according to the underground karst approximate plane distribution and karst top plate burial depth data classification blocks obtained by the geological radar to determine the basic technical parameters of dynamic compaction construction of different blocks, and performs the blocking dynamic compaction construction after determining the basic technical parameters of the dynamic compaction construction of different blocks. The method comprises the following basic steps:
leveling a field in a scanning range, laying a geological radar, scanning by the geological radar in the range to obtain the approximate plane distribution of the underground karst and the burial depth condition of the karst cave roof, and classifying the burial depth of the karst cave roof into blocks by referring to a dynamic compaction processing energy level table.
The method comprises the steps of performing seismic wave CT detection on drilling holes of various blocks in a targeted manner to obtain accurate vertical distribution of underground karst, analyzing development conditions of the karst by integrating exploration holes, geological radars and seismic wave CT results, selecting representative blocks to perform local dynamic compaction tests, wherein the local dynamic compaction tests adopt full-compaction arrangement, and single-point compaction energy is gradually increased from low to high according to a dynamic compaction treatment energy level table until the treatment effect meets the requirement. And determining basic technical parameters of dynamic compaction construction of different blocks by combining the exploration holes, the tamping settlement and geological radar scanning and seismic wave CT monitoring results.
And performing dynamic compaction construction on different blocks, monitoring the treatment effect of the foundation in the dynamic compaction construction process, measuring while tamping, and optimizing subsequent construction according to monitoring information.
The present invention is described in detail by the following specific implementation processes, which are as follows:
(1) determining the construction site range scanned by the geological radar by using a satellite positioning system according to engineering geological prospecting and design data; the range is generally rectangular, the angular point coordinates of the rectangle can be determined by using a satellite positioning system, and the step can ensure that reliable coordinate positions are available before and after construction without influencing later geological radar scanning.
(2) The geological radar is laid on a field in a flat scanning range, the geological radar is laid on the field with the length of 8m multiplied by 8.5m, the layout of the measuring line spacing, the length and the direction of the geological radar is shown in the figure 2 by taking the field with the length of 8m multiplied by 8.5m as an example, the measuring line spacing of the geological radar is 2.5m, the directions of the measuring lines of all rows are the same, and the directions of the measuring lines of all columns are also the same.
(3) Scanning in the horizontal direction and the depth direction by using a geological radar within the construction site range, and obtaining the approximate plane distribution of the underground karst and the burial depth of the top plate of the karst cave by referring to fig. 3 and 4, wherein a red frame in the figure shows a suspected karst cave area, and the boundary at the upper part of the red frame is the burial depth of the top plate of the karst cave.
(4) And (3) referring to the dynamic compaction processing energy level table in the table 1, classifying the burial depth of the top plate of the karst cave into blocks, and providing a basis for subsequent block construction.
TABLE 1 dynamic compaction treatment energy level table
(5) Referring to fig. 1, drilling holes are arranged in pairs in each block, and seismic wave CT detection is performed on each block in a targeted manner, so that accurate vertical distribution of the underground karst is obtained. The seismic wave CT excites seismic waves in the excitation holes, receives the seismic waves in the receiving holes which are arranged in pairs, and compiles a seismic wave CT data file according to the excitation point coordinates, the receiving point coordinates and the seismic wave first arrival time of each ray, so that more accurate vertical distribution data of the underground karst are obtained. A group of seismic wave CT can detect the waveform change of the excitation hole and the receiving hole, and the changed area shown in figure 5 is a karst cave suspected area. The CT wave conditions of a plurality of groups of seismic waves can be inverted into a two-dimensional velocity cloud chart, and the positions of karst caves can be conveniently observed according to different rock strata and cavity wave velocities, as shown in figure 6.
(6) And analyzing the development condition of the karst by synthesizing the exploration holes, the geological radar and the seismic wave CT result.
(7) Selecting representative blocks to carry out local dynamic compaction tests, adopting full compaction arrangement in the tests, synthesizing the karst cave space distribution condition by single-point tamping energy, referring to the table 1, gradually increasing the lowest required single-point tamping energy from low to high until the processing effect meets the requirements, carrying out secondary scanning of tamping settlement and geological radar after the trial compaction of each energy level of the local test area is completed to determine the tamping effect, thereby optimizing the dynamic compaction test parameters, and determining the basic technical parameters of dynamic compaction construction of different blocks by referring to the table 2 and the basic technical parameter table of dynamic compaction construction.
TABLE 2 dynamic compaction technical parameter table
(8) And carrying out block construction according to the local dynamic compaction test effect. During construction, the karst subgrade treatment effect after dynamic compaction is fed back by measuring along with the dynamic compaction and combining the results of drilling, during the dynamic compaction, sedimentation after the dynamic compaction and geological radar retest monitoring, and the effects after the dynamic compaction are shown in fig. 7 and 8, so that suspected areas in the horizontal direction and the depth direction are displayed to be greatly reduced, and the subsequent construction is optimized.
In the above embodiment, the dynamic compaction method includes:
1) leveling the field, setting out the construction and arranging ramming points. And small stone blocks are bound by red ropes at each tamping point to be placed at the center of the tamping point.
2) The rammer is in place, the length of the lifting rope is measured by 50m, the lifting rope is clamped according to the lifting height, and the heavy hammer can be automatically loosened after being lifted and freely falls.
3) And measuring the original ground elevation or relative elevation before tamping, recording the elevation or relative elevation after tamping every time of tamping, and calculating the settlement difference. The survey crew should be apart from 50m of ramming point, prevent that the stone splash from flying out and causing the injury, guarantee simultaneously that the surveyor's level receives the impact of ramming vibration less when ramming. Besides recording elevation, the uplift condition of the surrounding soil is observed after one-point tamping is finished, and if the uplift is large, reasons are analyzed in time to adjust tamping parameters.
4) The tamping is to be backed off from one end of the roadbed while tamping, so as to avoid the influence on the movement of the tamping machine when the tamping pit cannot be refilled in time. The heavy hammer is slowly and stably lifted without shaking too much, so that construction safety accidents are avoided being influenced. The hook worker and the staff for measuring the vertical ruler must be far away from or stand behind the back of the crane for lifting the heavy hammer at a certain distance, and the staff is strictly prohibited from approaching the heavy hammer in the falling process of the heavy hammer, and the operation is carried out after the heavy hammer falls.
5) And after the first tamping is finished, leveling by a bulldozer and an excavator, and then compacting by a road roller. And (5) continuously paying off after the compaction is leveled, and laying tamping points. And after the tamping machine is in place, performing point tamping for the second time and point tamping for the third time according to the requirements.
6) After point tamping is finished, secondary tamping is carried out once, and after secondary tamping is finished, the tamping surface is poor in flatness and loose in surface, and full tamping is needed for leveling and compacting. The full compaction requirements are basically the same, only 1 impact is tamped at each point, leveling is carried out after the full compaction is finished, and the road roller is compacted.
7) And detecting the bearing capacity of the foundation after the tamping is finished, and performing the next procedure when the characteristic value of the bearing capacity of the foundation after the dynamic compaction reaches the design requirement of a drawing.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A karst foundation dynamic compaction processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises that
(1) Acquiring approximate plane distribution of underground karst of a construction site and burial depth data of a karst cave top plate, and dividing the construction site into different blocks according to the burial depth data of the karst cave top plate;
(2) acquiring karst development condition information, respectively carrying out local dynamic compaction tests on different blocks, and determining dynamic compaction construction technical parameters of the different blocks;
(3) and performing dynamic compaction construction on different blocks, monitoring the treatment effect of the foundation in the dynamic compaction construction process, measuring while tamping, and optimizing subsequent construction according to monitoring information.
2. The karst foundation dynamic compaction treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the step (2) comprises the steps of performing seismic wave CT detection on the drilled holes of each block, and obtaining the more accurate vertical distribution of the underground karst through the seismic wave CT detection.
3. The karst foundation dynamic compaction treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: and (1) scanning by using a geological radar within the construction site range, and analyzing and acquiring the data of the approximate plane distribution of the underground karst and the burial depth of the karst cave roof through the scanning of the geological radar.
4. The karst foundation dynamic compaction treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and (2) exploring the karst caves in different blocks by adopting the exploration holes, and comprehensively analyzing the exploration holes, the geological radar and the seismic wave CT result to obtain karst development condition information.
5. The karst foundation dynamic compaction treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and (2) in the step (1), the distance between the measuring lines of the geological radar is 2.5m, and the directions of the measuring lines are the same.
6. The karst foundation dynamic compaction treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the drilling holes are distributed in pairs, the seismic wave CT excites seismic waves in the excitation holes, the seismic waves are received in the receiving holes distributed in pairs, a seismic wave CT data file is compiled according to the excitation point coordinates, the receiving point coordinates and the seismic wave first arrival time of each ray, and accurate vertical distribution data of the underground karst are obtained through the method.
7. The karst foundation dynamic compaction treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and carrying out local dynamic compaction tests on different blocks, wherein full compaction arrangement is adopted in the tests, the single-point compaction energy is increased from low to high step by step, and the dynamic compaction treatment effect is stopped after meeting the treatment requirement in such a way.
8. The dynamic compaction treatment method for the karst foundation according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: in the local dynamic compaction test, after the trial compaction of each energy level is finished, the tamping settlement and the geological radar secondary scanning are carried out to determine the tamping effect.
9. The karst foundation dynamic compaction treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step (1) further comprises using a satellite positioning system to locate the construction site range of the geological radar scan.
10. The karst foundation dynamic compaction processing method of claim 7, wherein: and the full compaction comprises the steps of laying tamping points in a test field, tamping 1 point at each point, leveling after tamping is finished, and rolling and compacting by a road roller.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103399341A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-11-20 | 鞍钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Application of engineering geophysical exploration technology to engineering investigation and foundation detection in reclamation areas |
| CN104652411A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-05-27 | 郑鲁平 | Composite foundation treatment method based on reinforcement, pretreatment and dynamic compaction of sandy soil |
| CN110306528A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-08 | 贵州建工梵净山建筑工程有限公司 | A kind of basement process dynamic replacement reinforcement means |
| CN112001014A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-27 | 湖南大学 | Method for treating karst cave area foundation by dynamic compaction |
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- 2021-06-04 CN CN202110624802.XA patent/CN113638454A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103399341A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-11-20 | 鞍钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Application of engineering geophysical exploration technology to engineering investigation and foundation detection in reclamation areas |
| CN104652411A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-05-27 | 郑鲁平 | Composite foundation treatment method based on reinforcement, pretreatment and dynamic compaction of sandy soil |
| CN110306528A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-08 | 贵州建工梵净山建筑工程有限公司 | A kind of basement process dynamic replacement reinforcement means |
| CN112001014A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-27 | 湖南大学 | Method for treating karst cave area foundation by dynamic compaction |
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| 黄赫等: "岩溶地质条件下双层强夯地基处理效果分析", 《石油工程建设》 * |
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Application publication date: 20211112 |