CN113637484A - Multifunctional soil remediation agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a multifunctional soil remediation agent and a preparation method thereof. The multifunctional soil remediation agent comprises biochar and degradable adsorption components; the degradable adsorption component comprises fucoidin, brown algae polyphenol, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and polyglycolic acid. According to the method, the degradable adsorption component is added, so that the degradable adsorption component and the active carbon can achieve the effect of cooperatively adsorbing heavy metals, and meanwhile, the degradable adsorption component can be decomposed and utilized by microorganisms in the soil, so that the content of free heavy metals in the soil is effectively reduced, the growth and the propagation of related microbial flora are promoted, and the soil structure, the related physicochemical property and the soil water and fertilizer retention capacity are improved to a certain extent.

Description

Multifunctional soil remediation agent and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a multifunctional soil remediation agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In recent years, problems of soil dysfunction, nutrient imbalance, fertility reduction, quality degradation, heavy metal pollution and the like become important threats to soil safety. The method has the advantages of continuously improving the farmland soil quality, repairing the polluted soil, maintaining the ecological environment balance, ensuring the quality of agricultural products and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture.

The soil remediation agent is a substance capable of remedying and improving soil quality, plays a role in substance support in the aspects of soil safety and ecological protection, is widely applied, and has huge market potential and development space. However, at present, less soil conditioners are available which can effectively adsorb heavy metal ions in soil and degrade the soil, and can also effectively condition other physical and chemical properties of the soil.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of the soil remediation agent in the prior art, the invention provides a novel multi-effect soil remediation agent, which comprises the following components in part by weight: biochar and degradable adsorbent components;

the degradable adsorption component comprises fucoidin, brown algae polyphenol, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and polyglycolic acid.

The active carbon has a certain effect of adsorbing heavy metals in soil, but the adsorption effect on the heavy metals is limited and the active carbon does not have an obvious adjusting effect on the physical and chemical properties of the soil.

Preferably, the multifunctional soil remediation agent comprises the following components:

preferably, the multifunctional soil remediation agent further comprises 3-7 parts of attapulgite powder. The attapulgite powder can also play a certain role in adsorption and can play a synergistic role with the active carbon and the degradable adsorption components.

Preferably, the multifunctional soil remediation agent further comprises 10-30 parts of calcium superphosphate.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the biochar to the attapulgite powder to the degradable adsorption components is 1: 0.04-0.2: 0.05 to 0.5.

In the invention, the biological carbon, the attapulgite and the degradable substance in the multifunctional soil remediation agent act together in the proportion of the dosage, which can exert important influence on the final effect.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the multifunctional soil remediation agent, which comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively weighing biochar, calcium superphosphate and attapulgite powder to prepare multi-effect soil remediation agent matrix particles;

(2) grinding and sieving the degradable adsorption component, and uniformly spraying the degradable adsorption component on the surface of the matrix particles;

(3) drying the matrix particles at 40-50 ℃, and cooling to obtain the finished product.

According to the invention, the degradable and adsorbable components are sprayed on the surfaces of the multi-effect soil remediation agent matrix particles, so that on one hand, the contact area between the degradable and adsorbable components and the heavy metal ions in the soil can be increased, the probability of adsorption of the heavy metal ions is increased, and the soil remediation effect is improved; on the other hand, the contact area between the degradable adsorption component and soil microorganisms can be increased, nutrition is provided for the microorganisms, and the growth of the microorganisms is promoted.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) according to the method, the degradable adsorption component is added, so that the degradable adsorption component and the active carbon can achieve the effect of cooperatively adsorbing heavy metals, and meanwhile, the degradable adsorption component can be decomposed and utilized by microorganisms in the soil, so that the content of free heavy metals in the soil is effectively reduced, the growth and the propagation of related microbial flora are promoted, the soil structure, the related physicochemical properties and the soil water and fertilizer retention capacity are improved to a certain extent, and the method can be widely applied to various types of soil; the preparation process is simple and convenient, and is suitable for industrial production, application and popularization.

2) The invention further provides a preparation method of the multifunctional soil repairing agent, which can lead the repairing effect of the repairing agent to be more ideal.

Detailed Description

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof to assist those skilled in the art in providing a more complete, accurate and thorough understanding of the inventive concept and aspects thereof, and the scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following examples, and any modifications in the details and form of the technical aspects thereof that fall within the spirit and scope of the present application are intended to be included therein.

The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, according to the technical or conditions described in the literature in the field, or according to the product specifications. The instruments and the like are conventional products which are purchased by normal distributors and are not indicated by manufacturers. The process is conventional unless otherwise specified, and the starting materials are commercially available from the open literature.

Example 1

The invention relates to a multifunctional soil remediation agent which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of biochar, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of attapulgite powder, 3 parts of fucoidin, 2 parts of brown algae polyphenol, 2 parts of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, 2 parts of polycaprolactone, 2 parts of polylactic acid, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 2 parts of polyglycolic acid.

The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the multifunctional soil remediation agent, which comprises the following process steps:

(1) respectively weighing biochar, calcium superphosphate and attapulgite powder according to parts by weight, sieving, uniformly mixing, granulating and preparing into multi-effect soil remediation agent matrix particles;

(2) respectively grinding fucoidin, brown algae polyphenol, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and polyglycolic acid in parts by weight, sieving, uniformly mixing, and uniformly spraying on the surface of matrix particles;

(3) drying the matrix particles at 40-50 ℃, cooling and packaging to obtain the finished product.

Example 2

A multifunctional soil remediation agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 67.5 parts of biochar, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of attapulgite powder, 1.5 parts of fucoidin, 1 part of brown alga polyphenol, 1 part of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, 1 part of polycaprolactone, 1 part of polylactic acid, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 1 part of polyglycolic acid.

The preparation method of the multifunctional soil remediation agent of the embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1.

Example 3

A multifunctional soil remediation agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 54 parts of biochar, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of attapulgite powder, 3 parts of fucoidin, 3 parts of brown algae polyphenol, 3 parts of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, 3 parts of polycaprolactone, 3 parts of polylactic acid, 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 3 parts of polyglycolic acid.

The preparation method of the multifunctional soil remediation agent of the embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1.

Comparative example 1

Compared with the embodiment 1, the degradable adsorption component is fucoidin and brown algae polyphenol, and the comparative example soil remediation agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 69 parts of biochar, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of attapulgite powder, 3 parts of fucoidin and 3 parts of brown algae polyphenol.

Comparative example 2

Compared with the embodiment 1, the degradable adsorption component is ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and polyglycolic acid, and the comparative example soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of biochar, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of attapulgite powder, 3 parts of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, 3 parts of polycaprolactone, 3 parts of polylactic acid, 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 3 parts of polyglycolic acid.

Comparative example 3

100 parts of commercial quicklime is taken and granulated for later use. In the technical field, quicklime is a commonly used soil remediation substance and has the effects of improving the pH value of soil, reducing the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in the soil and the like, so the quicklime is selected as a comparative example.

Experimental example 1

The application effects of the above examples 1-3 and comparative examples are as follows:

the applicant simulates and researches the comprehensive remediation effect of the multi-effect soil remediation agent provided by the embodiment of the invention on heavy metal contaminated soil through a soil culture test.

In the south China, the applicant obtains original uncontaminated soil as test soil in south Town village farmlands in the town of Qing cloud in the country of Lin Yi, Shandong province, and the original uncontaminated soil is dried for later use.

TABLE 1 test soil Properties

TABLE 2 test soil heavy Metal content

Soil culture experiment: weighing 5kg of test air-dried soil sample, fully and uniformly mixing 5g of compound fertilizer (18-18-18) particles and 10g of modifier (quicklime is used in a comparative example) particles with soil, uniformly spraying 1L of mixed solution containing 0.01mol/L of blue vitriol, 0.01mol/L of zinc sulfate and 0.01mol/L of lead sulfate into the soil, further uniformly mixing, filling into a plastic barrel, and carrying out ventilation culture for 180 days, wherein the water content of the soil is maintained to be 80% of the field water capacity. Sampling on the 181 th day, and measuring the heavy metal form content (exchangeable form and residue form are measured by a Tessier method) and soil fertility indexes (pH, cation exchange amount, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content) of the soil part after treatment. The test results were as follows:

TABLE 3 Effect of different treatments on soil Properties

TABLE 4 Effect of different treatments on the morphology of heavy metals in soil

The test results show that the comprehensive application effect of the multi-effect soil remediation agent prepared by the invention is better than that of a comparative example, and the treatment effect of the example 1 is the best. On the whole, the multifunctional soil remediation agent can obviously improve the pH value of soil and increase the available nutrients of the soil; meanwhile, the exchangeable state proportion in the soil heavy metal is reduced, the residue state proportion is improved, and the remediation effect of the passivated soil heavy metal is achieved.

Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (6)

1. A multi-effect soil remediation agent is characterized in that the multi-effect soil remediation agent comprises biochar and degradable adsorption components;

the degradable adsorption component comprises fucoidin, brown algae polyphenol, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and polyglycolic acid.

2. The multi-effect soil remediation agent of claim 1, wherein said multi-effect soil remediation agent comprises:

3. the multifunctional soil remediation agent of claim 1 or 2, further comprising 3-7 parts of attapulgite powder.

4. The multifunctional soil remediation agent of claim 1 or 2, further comprising 10-30 parts of calcium superphosphate.

5. The multifunctional soil remediation agent of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mass ratio of the biochar, the attapulgite powder and the degradable and adsorptive components is 1: 0.04-0.2: 0.05 to 0.7.

6. The method of any one of claims 1-5 for the preparation of a multi-effect soil remediation agent comprising the steps of:

(1) respectively weighing biochar, calcium superphosphate and attapulgite powder to prepare multi-effect soil remediation agent matrix particles;

(2) grinding and sieving the degradable adsorption component, and uniformly spraying the degradable adsorption component on the surface of the matrix particles;

(3) drying the matrix particles at 40-50 ℃, and cooling to obtain the finished product.