CN113634222A - Red mud ceramsite adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Red mud ceramsite adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113634222A
CN113634222A CN202110960940.5A CN202110960940A CN113634222A CN 113634222 A CN113634222 A CN 113634222A CN 202110960940 A CN202110960940 A CN 202110960940A CN 113634222 A CN113634222 A CN 113634222A
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red mud
particles
adsorbent
ceramsite
parts
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刘国华
刘禹琛
齐鲁
王洪臣
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Renmin University of China
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Renmin University of China
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J20/28011—Other properties, e.g. density, crush strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
    • B01J20/28061—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being in the range 100-500 m2/g
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
    • B01J20/28071—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being less than 0.5 ml/g
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3042—Use of binding agents; addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the produced sorbent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/305—Addition of material, later completely removed, e.g. as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing, e.g. for forming pores
    • B01J20/3064—Addition of pore forming agents, e.g. pore inducing or porogenic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of adsorbents. The invention provides a red mud ceramsite adsorbent which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50-60 parts of activated red mud particles; 10-20 parts of fly ash; 2-4 parts of a binder; 1-3 parts of pore-forming agent. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent. The red mud ceramsite adsorbent has the advantages that the specific surface area is large, the porosity is high, the adsorption capacity to phosphate reaches 75.5-88 mg/g, and the removal rate reaches 95-98%; the strength of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent can reach 2-4 kPa; the temperature resistance and stability are good.

Description

Red mud ceramsite adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of adsorbents, in particular to a red mud ceramsite adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The residual phosphorus in the sewage is discharged into water bodies such as rivers, lakes and the like for a long time, so that enrichment can be caused, the problem of eutrophication pollution is caused, and the sewage needs to be deeply dephosphorized. The currently common sewage deep phosphorus removal technology mainly comprises a chemical coagulation precipitation technology and an adsorption technology, wherein the adsorption phosphorus removal by using an adsorbent has the advantages of simple operation, stable operation, reusability and the like, and has wide application prospect in the field of sewage deep phosphorus removal.
The red mud is ultrafine particles generated in the process of producing alumina by taking bauxite as a raw material, has pollution and insolubility, and is strong-alkaline solid waste discharged in the nonferrous metallurgy industry. About 0.8-1.5 tons of red mud is generated per ton of alumina. With the annual increase of the alumina yield and the gradual reduction of the bauxite grade, the annual production amount of the red mud is continuously increased. The red mud is piled up in large quantity, which not only occupies land and wastes resources, but also easily causes environmental pollution and potential safety hazard.
The red mud has the advantages of high iron content, good high-temperature stability, more pores, fine granularity, large specific surface area and the like, and can obtain better effect when being applied to the treatment of heavy metal and organic polluted wastewater. The red mud is prepared into the granular adsorbent, so that the resource utilization of the red mud can be realized, and the advanced treatment or recovery of phosphorus in sewage can be realized, but the existing red mud granular adsorbent has the problems of poor adsorption capacity, low strength, low porosity, high roasting temperature and the like.
Therefore, the red mud ceramsite adsorbent with excellent adsorption performance, high strength and porosity, simple preparation process and low cost is researched and developed, and has important economic value and environmental benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a red mud ceramsite adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art. The red mud ceramsite adsorbent has the advantages that the specific surface area is large, the porosity is high, the adsorption capacity to phosphate reaches 75.5-88 mg/g, and the removal rate reaches 95-98%; the strength of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent can reach 2-4 kPa; the temperature resistance and stability are good.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a red mud ceramsite adsorbent which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50-60 parts of activated red mud particles; 10-20 parts of fly ash; 2-4 parts of a binder; 1-3 parts of pore-forming agent.
Preferably, the particle diameters of the activated red mud particles and the fly ash are independent and are 180-220 μm; the binder comprises chitosan and/or portland cement; the pore-forming agent comprises sodium bicarbonate and/or hydrogen peroxide; in the hydrogen peroxide, the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide is 4-7%.
Preferably, the preparation method of the activated red mud particles comprises the following steps:
1) drying and refining the red mud in sequence to obtain red mud particles;
2) activating the red mud particles in a hydrochloric acid solution to obtain activated red mud particles.
Preferably, the pH value of the red mud is adjusted to 8.8-9.0 by using a calcium chloride solution before the drying treatment in the step 1); the drying treatment temperature is 120-135 ℃, and the drying treatment time is 4-6 h; the particle size of the red mud particles is 180-220 μm.
Preferably, the concentration of the red mud particles in the hydrochloric acid solution in the step 2) is 1-2 g/L, and the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 10-12 mol/L; the activation temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the activation time is 2-3 h.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing activated red mud particles, fly ash, a binder, a pore-forming agent and water, and then carrying out molding treatment to obtain mixture particles;
and secondly, drying and roasting the mixture particles in sequence to obtain the red mud ceramsite adsorbent.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the activated red mud particles to water is 50-60: 40-50; the particle size of the mixture particles is 3-4 mm.
Preferably, the temperature of the drying treatment in the second step is 25-30 ℃, and the time is 15-20 h; the roasting treatment is to roast the mixture particles at 280-330 ℃ for 30-50 min and then roast the mixture particles at 350-400 ℃ for 20-40 min.
Preferably, the heating rate of the second step is 5-7 ℃/min when the temperature is increased to 280-330 ℃, and the heating rate of the second step is 4-6 ℃/min when the temperature is increased to 350-400 ℃.
The invention also provides application of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent in phosphorus adsorption.
The beneficial effects of the invention include the following:
1) the red mud ceramsite adsorbent has small granularity, large specific surface area and improved porosity; the adsorbent has excellent adsorption performance and removal rate on phosphate, the adsorption efficiency is high, the adsorption quantity on phosphate reaches 75.5-88 mg/g, and the removal rate reaches 95-98%.
2) The red mud ceramsite adsorbent has high strength which can reach 2-4 kPa; the temperature resistance and stability are good; the cyclic utilization rate is high; the solid-liquid separation is easy to realize.
3) The red mud ceramsite adsorbent provided by the invention realizes the standard-reaching discharge of phosphorus-containing wastewater, and solves the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution caused by red mud stacking.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a red mud ceramsite adsorbent which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50-60 parts of activated red mud particles; 10-20 parts of fly ash; 2-4 parts of a binder; 1-3 parts of pore-forming agent.
The red mud ceramsite adsorbent comprises 50-60 parts of activated red mud particles, preferably 52-58 parts, more preferably 54-56 parts, and more preferably 55 parts.
The particle size of the activated red mud particles is preferably 180-220 μm, more preferably 190-210 μm, and even more preferably 200 μm.
The preparation method of the activated red mud particles preferably comprises the following steps:
1) drying and refining the red mud in sequence to obtain red mud particles;
2) activating the red mud particles in a hydrochloric acid solution to obtain activated red mud particles.
Before the drying treatment in the step 1), the pH value of the red mud is preferably adjusted to 8.8-9.0 by using a calcium chloride solution; the temperature of the drying treatment is preferably 120-135 ℃, more preferably 123-132 ℃, and more preferably 125-128 ℃; the drying time is preferably 4-6 h, and more preferably 5 h; the particle size of the red mud particles is preferably 180-220 μm, more preferably 190-210 μm, and even more preferably 200 μm.
The concentration of the red mud particles in the hydrochloric acid solution in the step 2) is preferably 1-2 g/L, more preferably 1.2-1.8 g/L, and even more preferably 1.5-1.6 g/L; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is preferably 10-12 mol/L, and more preferably 11 mol/L; the activation temperature is preferably 50-60 ℃, more preferably 52-58 ℃, and more preferably 55-56 ℃; the activation time is preferably 2-3 h, and more preferably 2.5 h.
The red mud ceramsite adsorbent comprises 10-20 parts of fly ash, preferably 12-18 parts, more preferably 14-16 parts, and more preferably 15 parts.
The particle size of the fly ash is preferably 180-220 μm, more preferably 190-210 μm, and even more preferably 200 μm.
The red mud ceramsite adsorbent comprises 2-4 parts of a binder, preferably 2.5-3.5 parts, and further preferably 3 parts.
The binder of the present invention preferably contains chitosan and/or portland cement, and when both chitosan and portland cement are contained, they are preferably mixed in an equal mass ratio.
The red mud ceramsite adsorbent comprises 1-3 parts of pore-forming agent, preferably 1.5-2.5 parts, and further preferably 2 parts.
The pore-forming agent preferably comprises sodium bicarbonate and/or hydrogen peroxide; when the sodium bicarbonate and the hydrogen peroxide are simultaneously contained, the sodium bicarbonate and the hydrogen peroxide are preferably mixed in equal mass ratio; in the hydrogen peroxide, the mass fraction of hydrogen peroxide is preferably 4-7%, and more preferably 5-6%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing activated red mud particles, fly ash, a binder, a pore-forming agent and water, and then carrying out molding treatment to obtain mixture particles;
and secondly, drying and roasting the mixture particles in sequence to obtain the red mud ceramsite adsorbent.
The mass ratio of the activated red mud particles to water is preferably 50-60: 40-50, more preferably 52-58: 42-48, and even more preferably 54-56: 44-46; the particle size of the mixture particles is preferably 3-4 mm, and more preferably 3.5 mm.
The temperature of the drying treatment in the second step of the invention is preferably 25-30 ℃, and more preferably 26-28 ℃; the drying time is preferably 15-20 h, more preferably 16-18 h, and even more preferably 17 h; the roasting treatment is preferably that the mixture particles are roasted twice in sequence; the temperature of the first roasting is preferably 280-330 ℃, more preferably 290-310 ℃, and more preferably 300 ℃; the temperature of the second roasting is preferably 350-400 ℃, more preferably 360-380 ℃, and more preferably 370 ℃; the time for the first roasting is preferably 30-50 min, more preferably 35-45 min, and even more preferably 40 min; the time for the second roasting is preferably 20 to 40min, more preferably 25 to 35min, and still more preferably 30 min.
The invention can greatly reduce the roasting temperature of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent by reasonably matching the hydrochloric acid activated red mud particles, the fly ash, the binder and the pore-forming agent.
Heating rate of the second step of heating to 280-330 ℃ is preferably 5-7 ℃/min, and more preferably 6 ℃/min; the heating rate for heating to 350-400 ℃ is preferably 4-6 ℃/min, and more preferably 5 ℃/min.
The red mud and the fly ash of the invention contain partial metal oxides (such as CaO and Al)2O3) And the components such as silicon oxide and the like can form silicate with relatively stable structure through roasting treatment, so that the strength of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent is increased, the hydraulic shock load resistance of the adsorbent is improved, hydrated minerals and carbonate minerals in the red mud and the fly ash are easily decomposed and release moisture or gas, and the pore structure in the particles is increased.
The red mud ceramsite adsorbent obtained by roasting treatment has the advantages of small granularity, developed pores, large surface area and good temperature resistance and stability.
The invention also provides application of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent in phosphorus adsorption.
The red mud ceramsite adsorbent has excellent adsorption performance and removal rate on phosphate, the adsorption efficiency is high, the adsorption quantity on the phosphate reaches 75.5-88 mg/g, and the removal rate reaches 95-98%.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The pH value of the red mud is adjusted to 8.8 by using a calcium chloride solution, then the red mud is dried for 6 hours at 122 ℃, and screening treatment is carried out, so as to obtain the red mud particles with the particle size of 190 mu m.
Activating 1kg of red mud particles in a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 10mol/L for 3h, wherein the concentration of the red mud in the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.2g/L, and the activation temperature is 52 ℃, so as to obtain the activated red mud particles.
Uniformly mixing 520g of activated red mud particles, 120g of fly ash (the particle size is 190 mu m), 22g of chitosan, 13g of sodium bicarbonate and 430g of water, then carrying out molding treatment to obtain mixture particles with the particle size of 3mm, drying the mixture particles at 25 ℃ for 20h, heating the dried product to 290 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and roasting at 290 ℃ for 48 min; then heating to 360 ℃ at the heating rate of 4.2 ℃/min, and roasting at 360 ℃ for 37min to obtain the red mud ceramsite adsorbent.
Example 2
The pH value of the red mud is adjusted to 9.0 by using a calcium chloride solution, then the red mud is dried for 4 hours at 132 ℃, and screening treatment is carried out, so as to obtain the red mud particles with the particle size of 210 mu m.
Activating 1kg of red mud particles in a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 12mol/L for 2h, wherein the concentration of the red mud in the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.8g/L, and the activation temperature is 58 ℃, so as to obtain the activated red mud particles.
Uniformly mixing 580g of activated red mud particles, 180g of fly ash (the particle size is 210 mu m), 19g of chitosan, 19g of portland cement, 14g of sodium bicarbonate, 14g of hydrogen peroxide (the mass fraction of hydrogen peroxide is 5%) and 480g of water, then carrying out molding treatment to obtain mixture particles with the particle size of 4mm, drying the mixture particles at 28 ℃ for 16h, heating the dried product to 310 ℃ at the heating rate of 7 ℃/min, and roasting at 310 ℃ for 32 min; then heating to 380 ℃ at the heating rate of 5.8 ℃/min, and roasting at 380 ℃ for 25min to obtain the red mud ceramsite adsorbent.
Example 3
The pH value of the red mud is adjusted to 8.9 by using a calcium chloride solution, then the red mud is dried for 5 hours at the temperature of 128 ℃, and screening treatment is carried out, so as to obtain the red mud particles with the particle size of 200 mu m.
Activating 1kg of red mud particles in a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 11mol/L for 2.5h, wherein the concentration of the red mud in the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.5g/L, and the activation temperature is 55 ℃, so as to obtain the activated red mud particles.
Uniformly mixing 550g of activated red mud particles, 150g of fly ash (the particle size is 200 mu m), 30g of chitosan, 20g of hydrogen peroxide (the mass fraction of hydrogen peroxide is 6 percent) and 450g of water, then carrying out molding treatment to obtain mixture particles with the particle size of 3.5mm, drying the mixture particles at 28 ℃ for 18h, heating the dried product to 300 ℃ at the heating rate of 6 ℃/min, and roasting at 300 ℃ for 40 min; then heating to 370 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and roasting for 30min at 370 ℃ to obtain the red mud ceramsite adsorbent.
Comparative example 1
The activated red mud particles of example 3 were replaced with red mud particles, the drying and screening treatment of red mud was the same as in example 3, and the other conditions were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 2
The chitosan in the example 3 is replaced by bentonite with equal mass, the activation temperature of the red mud particles in hydrochloric acid is 70 ℃, the activation time is 5 hours, and other conditions are the same as the example 3.
Comparative example 3
The dried product of the red mud particles of example 3 was heated to 450 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min and subjected to primary roasting for 1 hour, and the other conditions were the same as those of example 3.
The specific surface area and the pore volume of the red mud ceramsite adsorbents obtained in the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested.
Preparing phosphate solution with the phosphorus concentration of 1g/L and the pH value of 7.5, respectively adding the red mud ceramsite adsorbents of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 with equal mass, stirring for 30 hours at 35 ℃ at a rotating speed of 180r/min, testing the phosphorus concentration in the solution, and calculating the adsorption amount of each gram of the adsorbents to phosphorus.
The results of the specific surface area and pore volume of the adsorbents of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 and the amount of phosphorus adsorbed by the adsorbents are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 specific surface area and pore volume of different adsorbents, adsorption amount of phosphorus
Adsorbent and process for producing the same Specific surface area (m)2/g) Pore volume (mL/g) Adsorption amount of phosphorus (mg/g)
Example 1 122 0.10 78.1
Example 2 125 0.12 82.2
Example 3 128 0.15 86.5
Comparative example 1 58 0.018 62.5
Comparative example 2 80 0.02 70.1
Comparative example 3 75 0.022 65.7
As can be seen from table 1, the red mud ceramsite adsorbent of the present invention has a very large specific surface area and pore volume, and has an excellent phosphorus adsorption capacity.
The red mud ceramsite adsorbent has small granularity, the adsorption capacity on phosphate reaches 75.5-88 mg/g, and the removal rate reaches 95-98%; the red mud ceramsite adsorbent has high strength which can reach 2-4 kPa; the temperature resistance and stability are good; the cyclic utilization rate is high; the solid-liquid separation is easy to realize.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The red mud ceramsite adsorbent is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50-60 parts of activated red mud particles; 10-20 parts of fly ash; 2-4 parts of a binder; 1-3 parts of pore-forming agent.
2. The red mud ceramsite adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the activated red mud particles and the fly ash have particle sizes of 180-220 μm independently; the binder comprises chitosan and/or portland cement; the pore-forming agent comprises sodium bicarbonate and/or hydrogen peroxide; in the hydrogen peroxide, the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide is 4-7%.
3. The red mud ceramsite adsorbent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method of the activated red mud particles comprises the following steps:
1) drying and refining the red mud in sequence to obtain red mud particles;
2) activating the red mud particles in a hydrochloric acid solution to obtain activated red mud particles.
4. The red mud ceramsite adsorbent according to claim 3, wherein the pH value of the red mud is adjusted to 8.8-9.0 by using a calcium chloride solution before the drying treatment in step 1); the drying treatment temperature is 120-135 ℃, and the drying treatment time is 4-6 h; the particle size of the red mud particles is 180-220 μm.
5. The red mud ceramsite adsorbent according to claim 4, wherein the concentration of the red mud particles in the step 2) in a hydrochloric acid solution is 1-2 g/L, and the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 10-12 mol/L; the activation temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the activation time is 2-3 h.
6. The preparation method of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, mixing activated red mud particles, fly ash, a binder, a pore-forming agent and water, and then carrying out molding treatment to obtain mixture particles;
and secondly, drying and roasting the mixture particles in sequence to obtain the red mud ceramsite adsorbent.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the activated red mud particles to water in the step (i) is 50-60: 40-50; the particle size of the mixture particles is 3-4 mm.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the temperature of the drying treatment in the step (II) is 25-30 ℃ and the time is 15-20 h; the roasting treatment is to roast the mixture particles at 280-330 ℃ for 30-50 min and then roast the mixture particles at 350-400 ℃ for 20-40 min.
9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein the heating rate of the heating to 280-330 ℃ in the second step is 5-7 ℃/min, and the heating rate of the heating to 350-400 ℃ is 4-6 ℃/min.
10. The application of the red mud ceramsite adsorbent of any one of claims 1 to 5 in the aspect of adsorbing phosphorus.
CN202110960940.5A 2021-08-20 2021-08-20 Red mud ceramsite adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN113634222A (en)

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