CN114505051B - Adsorbent for treating low COD sewage and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Adsorbent for treating low COD sewage and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114505051B
CN114505051B CN202011168003.8A CN202011168003A CN114505051B CN 114505051 B CN114505051 B CN 114505051B CN 202011168003 A CN202011168003 A CN 202011168003A CN 114505051 B CN114505051 B CN 114505051B
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China
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adsorbent
activated carbon
sewage
dry powder
petroleum coke
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CN202011168003.8A
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CN114505051A (en
Inventor
赖晓晨
方向晨
李宝忠
刘玲
吴巍
马诚
程云
罗根祥
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Sinopec Dalian Petrochemical Research Institute Co ltd
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3071—Washing or leaching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters

Abstract

The invention relates to an adsorbent for treating low COD sewage and a preparation method thereof, wherein (1) active carbon and petroleum coke are crushed, added into a reactor with reflux condensation with water according to a proportion, an activating agent is added, and stirring reaction is carried out at 80-95 ℃; (2) Filtering water after the reaction is finished, adding water according to the same proportion of the step (1), and repeating the step (1) to stir and react to obtain a mixture; (3) And (3) washing and drying the mixture to obtain the adsorbent. The adsorbent provided by the invention can realize efficient adsorption of pollutants in low COD sewage, the COD of the effluent is lower than 50mg/L, and the adsorbent has good adsorption stability after repeated use for many times.

Description

Adsorbent for treating low COD sewage and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an adsorbent for treating low-COD sewage, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The petrochemical enterprises discharge a large amount of sewage each year, and have the characteristics of rich pollutant species, serious pollution conditions, great harm to natural environment and the like. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is an important index in water environment monitoring.
The main treatment means of petrochemical sewage is that the sewage treatment workshop carries out primary treatment by means of filtration method, biological method and the like, and COD can be controlled below 100mg/L, namely reaching the emission standard of GB 8978-1996. However, according to the regulations of the emission standard of pollutants for petrochemical industry (GB 31571-2015) issued in 2015 of China, in areas where the development density of the domestic soil is higher, the environment bearing capacity begins to be weakened, or the water environment capacity is smaller, the ecological environment is fragile, and the like, the highest COD value of the water body directly discharged to the water body is 50mg/L, so that the development of an advanced treatment technology suitable for petrochemical secondary effluent quality is needed at present.
The adsorption technology is one of the common technologies for treating sewage in the current environmental pollution treatment, and is mostly used for adsorbing and removing trace pollutants in industrial water treatment so as to achieve the purpose of deep purification. The choice of the adsorbent used in the adsorption process is a technical key. Inorganic adsorption materials such as activated carbon have high specific surface area, porosity and special surface characteristics, and are the most common adsorbent in the current sewage treatment technology. However, the pollutant concentration of petrochemical secondary sewage is far lower than that of primary sewage, so that the collision probability of the adsorbent and the pollutant is small, the secondary treatment of petrochemical sewage is more difficult than the primary sewage treatment, and the GB31571-2015 emission standard is met with great difficulty.
Meanwhile, the petrochemical secondary sewage mainly contains organic pollutants such as oil, toluene, phenol, chlorobenzene, chloroform, naphthalene and the like, so that the treatment difficulty is increased. Therefore, the adsorbent with specific adsorption effect on petrochemical wastewater pollutants is prepared, so that the pollutants can be more effectively enriched, and the emission requirement of GB31571-2015 on the sewage COD is met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an adsorbent for treating low COD sewage, and a preparation method and application thereof. The adsorbent provided by the invention can realize efficient adsorption of pollutants in low COD sewage, the COD of the effluent is lower than 50mg/L, and the adsorbent has good adsorption stability after repeated use for many times.
The first aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of an adsorbent for treating low COD sewage, comprising the following steps:
(1) Crushing active carbon and petroleum coke, adding the crushed active carbon and petroleum coke and water into a reactor with reflux condensation according to a proportion, adding an activating agent, and stirring and reacting at 80-95 ℃;
(2) Filtering water after the reaction is finished, adding water according to the same proportion of the step (1), and repeating the step (1) to stir and react to obtain a mixture;
(3) And (3) washing and drying the mixture to obtain the adsorbent.
In the method, the activated carbon in the step (1) is one or more of coconut shell activated carbon, fruit shell activated carbon, wood activated carbon, coal activated carbon and the like, preferably coconut shell activated carbon and fruit shell activated carbon, and the ratio of the coconut shell activated carbon to the fruit shell activated carbon is 1:1-2:1.
In the method of the invention, the petroleum coke in the step (1) is one or more of needle coke, sponge coke, shot coke and the like, preferably needle coke.
In the method of the invention, the activated carbon and the petroleum coke in the step (1) are crushed to the particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm.
In the method, the mass ratio of the active carbon, the petroleum coke and the water in the step (1) is (0.25-4) and (50-80).
In the method of the invention, the activator in the step (1) is at least one of NaOH, KOH and the like. The mass ratio of the activator to the sum of the activated carbon and the petroleum coke is 2:1-4:1.
In the method, the stirring reaction rate in the step (1) is 100-200 r/min, and the reaction time is 5-6 h.
In the method of the invention, the step (2) is repeated for 2 to 3 times in the stirring reaction process of the step (1).
In the method of the invention, the mixture in the step (3) is washed until the pH value is neutral. The drying temperature is 110-120 ℃, the drying time is 3-5 h, and drying modes such as forced air drying and the like can be adopted.
The method further comprises a step (4) of compounding the adsorbent prepared in the step (3) with styrene latex or/and acrylate latex dry powder to obtain the efficient adsorbent with better adsorption effect.
In the method of the invention, the compounding in the step (4) is carried out at 110-120 ℃.
In the method, the mass ratio of the adsorbent to the latex dry powder in the step (4) is 60:40-99:5.
In the method of the present invention, the styrene latex or/and the acrylic latex dry powder in the step (4) may be porous or nonporous.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an adsorbent for treating low COD sewage, the adsorbent being prepared by the method of the present invention as described above.
The third aspect of the invention provides the use of the prepared adsorbent for low COD sewage treatment, the main source of the low COD sewage being secondary petrochemical sewage, wherein the COD concentration is generally lower than 100mg/L. The sewage mainly contains at least one of organic pollutants such as oil, toluene, phenol, chlorobenzene, chloroform, naphthalene and the like. The sewage treatment conditions are as follows: the adsorbent is mixed with sewage and adsorbed at room temperature and normal pressure and pH of 6-9.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Aiming at the characteristics of low COD sewage, the adsorbent for treating the low COD sewage is prepared through a porous structure and a Traube rule, so that the high-efficiency adsorption of organic pollutants in the low COD sewage is realized, and the COD of the treated secondary petrochemical sewage reaches the GB31571-2015 emission requirement.
(2) The adsorbent is prepared from the activated carbon and the petroleum coke, and the related raw material process is safe and environment-friendly, easy to industrialize, stable in product performance and ideal in adsorption performance after repeated use for many times.
(3) According to the invention, the adsorbent is compounded with the styrene latex or/and the acrylate latex dry powder to prepare the efficient adsorbent, and part of the latex is adsorbed and permeated into the void structure of the adsorbent to prepare the adsorbent with better adsorption effect, so that the advanced treatment of the secondary petrochemical sewage can be realized.
Detailed Description
The adsorbent of the present invention, its preparation method and effect are further illustrated by the following examples. The embodiments and specific operation procedures are given on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional in the art. The experimental materials used in the examples described below, unless otherwise specified, were purchased from conventional biochemical reagent stores.
In the embodiment of the invention, the activated carbon and the petroleum coke are crushed to the particle size of 0.5-1 cm before use.
Example 1
0.4 Transferring the g coconut shell activated carbon, the 0.4. 0.4 g shell activated carbon, the 0.2 g needle coke and the 40 g deionized water into a reaction kettle with a reflux condensing and temperature-controlling stirring device. The stirring speed was set at 100r/min and the temperature was 80℃and 2g of NaOH was added thereto, followed by stirring for reaction 5. 5h, and water was removed by filtration. Deionized water was added in the same ratio, and the reaction was repeated with stirring for 2 times to obtain a mixture. After the mixture was washed with water to neutral pH, it was then transferred to a blow oven and dried by blow at 110 ℃ for 3 h to prepare adsorbent A1.
Example 2
0.2 Transferring the g coal active carbon, the 0.8 g sponge coke and the 16 g deionized water into a reaction kettle with a reflux condensing and temperature-controlling stirring device. The stirring speed was set at 200r/min and the temperature was 95℃and 4g KOH was added thereto, followed by stirring for reaction 6. 6h, and water was removed by filtration. Deionized water was added in the same ratio, and the reaction was repeated 3 times with stirring to obtain a mixture. After the mixture was washed with water to neutral pH, it was further transferred to a forced air oven to dry at 120 ℃ in a forced air oven for 5h to prepare adsorbent A2.
Example 3
0.2 g of shell activated carbon, 0.4 g sponge coke, 0.2 g shot coke and 12 g deionized water are transferred into a reaction kettle with a reflux condensing and temperature controlling stirring device. The stirring speed was set at 150r/min and the temperature at 90℃and 1g of NaOH and 2g of KOH were added thereto, followed by stirring for reaction 5. 5h and then water was removed by filtration. Deionized water was added in the same ratio as described above, and the reaction was repeated with stirring for 2 times to obtain a mixture. After the mixture was washed with water to neutral pH, it was further transferred to a forced air oven to dry in a forced air oven at 115 ℃ for 4h to prepare adsorbent A3.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that: the adsorbent A1 obtained in example 1 after air drying at 120℃for 5 hours was uniformly mixed with a styrene latex dry powder in a mass ratio of 80:20 to prepare an adsorbent B1.
Example 5
The difference from example 2 is that: the adsorbent A2 obtained in example 1 after air drying at 120℃for 5 hours was uniformly mixed according to a mass ratio of A2 to the acrylate latex dry powder of 99:5 to prepare adsorbent B2.
Example 6
The difference from example 3 is that: the adsorbent A3 obtained in example 1 after air drying at 120℃for 5 hours was uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of A3 to latex dry powder of 60:40, wherein the ratio of the styrene latex dry powder to the acrylate latex dry powder was 1:1, to prepare adsorbent B3.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: and (3) preparing the adsorbent C1 by adopting 0.5 g coconut shell activated carbon and 0.5 g fruit shell activated carbon in the step (1) without using needle coke.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: in the step (1), 1.0g of needle coke was used, and activated carbon was not used to prepare an adsorbent C2.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: the reaction temperature in the step (1) is 70 ℃, and the adsorbent C3 is prepared.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that: and (3) eliminating the step (2), and directly washing and drying after the reaction in the step (1) to obtain the adsorbent C4.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 4 is that: the adsorbent C5 was obtained by air-drying at 120℃for 5 hours in example 1, cooling the adsorbent to 50℃and mixing with a dry powder of styrene latex.
Test case
The performance of the adsorbents prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention for treating low COD petrochemical wastewater was evaluated by a static adsorption method. The treated petrochemical sewage mainly contains organic pollutants such as oil, toluene, chlorobenzene and the like, wherein the COD concentration is 105mg/L.
The adsorbents prepared in each example and comparative example are respectively added into conical flasks filled with 50mL of petrochemical wastewater, the conical flasks are placed into a constant temperature oscillator to oscillate at 298.15K for 24 hours at constant temperature, and the supernatant is taken to measure the COD value of the wastewater after adsorption by adopting the method described in HJ 828-2017. At the same time, the regeneration treatment was carried out at 120 ℃. The adsorption results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 results of petrochemical wastewater static adsorption
The results show that the adsorbent prepared by the invention can reduce the COD value of petrochemical secondary sewage to below 30mg/L, and meets the discharge requirement of GB31571-2015 on sewage COD.
The above detailed description of the adsorbent and the preparation process thereof is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be modified or equivalents substituted for elements thereof to achieve the same technical effect. As long as the use requirement is met, the invention is within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (15)

1. The preparation method of the adsorbent for treating the low COD sewage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Crushing active carbon and petroleum coke, adding the crushed active carbon and petroleum coke and water into a reactor with reflux condensation according to a proportion, adding an activating agent, and stirring and reacting at 80-95 ℃; the activated carbon and the petroleum coke are crushed to the grain size of 0.5-1.0 cm; the mass ratio of the active carbon, the petroleum coke and the water is (0.25-4) 1 (50-80); the activator is at least one of NaOH and KOH; the mass ratio of the activator to the sum of the activated carbon and the petroleum coke is 2:1-4:1;
(2) Filtering water after the reaction is finished, adding water according to the same proportion of the step (1), and repeating the step (1) to stir and react to obtain a mixture;
(3) And (3) washing and drying the mixture to obtain the adsorbent.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the activated carbon in the step (1) is one or more of coconut shell activated carbon, fruit shell activated carbon, wood activated carbon and coal activated carbon.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the activated carbon in the step (1) is coconut shell activated carbon and fruit shell activated carbon, and the mass ratio of the coconut shell activated carbon to the fruit shell activated carbon is 1:1-2:1.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the petroleum coke in the step (1) is one or more of needle coke, sponge coke and shot coke.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the petroleum coke in the step (1) is needle coke.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stirring reaction rate in the step (1) is 100-200 r/min, and the reaction time is 5-6 h.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (2) repeating the stirring reaction process of the step (1) for 2-3 times.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method also comprises a step (4) of compounding the adsorbent prepared in the step (3) with styrene latex dry powder or/and acrylate latex dry powder at 110-120 ℃.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: the mass ratio of the adsorbent to the styrene latex dry powder or/and the acrylate latex dry powder is 60:40-99:5.
10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: the styrene latex dry powder and/or the acrylate latex dry powder are porous or non-porous.
11. An adsorbent for treating low COD sewage, characterized by being prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
12. An efficient adsorbent for treating low COD sewage, which is characterized by being prepared by the method of any one of claims 8-10.
13. Use of the adsorbent according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: the method is used for treating low COD sewage, and the main source of the low COD sewage is secondary petrochemical sewage.
14. The use according to claim 13, characterized in that: the sewage mainly contains oil.
15. The use according to claim 13, characterized in that: the sewage mainly contains at least one of toluene, phenol, chlorobenzene, chloroform and naphthalene organic pollutants.
CN202011168003.8A 2020-10-28 2020-10-28 Adsorbent for treating low COD sewage and preparation method and application thereof Active CN114505051B (en)

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CN108358293A (en) * 2018-02-11 2018-08-03 安徽海德化工科技有限公司 The preparation method of sanitary sewage disposal composite flocculation agent based on petroleum coke
CN109078479A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-25 无锡中天固废处置有限公司 A kind of compound bio method processing sewage plant exhaust device and waste gas processing method

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Patentee before: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp.

Patentee before: DALIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICALS, SINOPEC Corp.