CN113632834B - Emergency mildew-proof treatment method for paddy - Google Patents
Emergency mildew-proof treatment method for paddy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113632834B CN113632834B CN202110867487.3A CN202110867487A CN113632834B CN 113632834 B CN113632834 B CN 113632834B CN 202110867487 A CN202110867487 A CN 202110867487A CN 113632834 B CN113632834 B CN 113632834B
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- OQIQSTLJSLGHID-WNWIJWBNSA-N aflatoxin B1 Chemical compound C=1([C@@H]2C=CO[C@@H]2OC=1C=C(C1=2)OC)C=2OC(=O)C2=C1CCC2=O OQIQSTLJSLGHID-WNWIJWBNSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229930020125 aflatoxin-B1 Natural products 0.000 description 16
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- VYLQGYLYRQKMFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ochratoxin A Natural products CC1Cc2c(Cl)cc(CNC(Cc3ccccc3)C(=O)O)cc2C(=O)O1 VYLQGYLYRQKMFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 101100434479 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) AFB1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 11
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 9
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- XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aflatoxin G Chemical compound O=C1OCCC2=C1C(=O)OC1=C2C(OC)=CC2=C1C1C=COC1O2 XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/16—Preserving with chemicals
- A23B9/24—Preserving with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B9/26—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an emergency mould-proof method for paddy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: isooctanol is used as a mildew preventive independently, i.e. isooctanol is added into paddy, the paddy is turned over, and the paddy is piled or bagged for storage after being uniformly mixed; or, isooctanol and isobutyric acid are used as mildew preventive in a matched mode, namely isooctanol and isobutyric acid are added into paddy, paddy is turned over, and the paddy is piled or bagged for storage after being evenly mixed. The invention can better solve the problems that the moisture content of the rice is increased due to rain, etc. in the process of harvesting or storing the rice, but the drying capacity of a drying machine is limited and the rice cannot be dried in time, or the rice is mildewed in a short time due to incapability of being dried in time in overcast and rainy weather.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of storage and mildew prevention of paddy, and particularly relates to an emergency mildew prevention treatment method of paddy.
Background
China is a large country for rice planting and consumption, and the total yield of rice is the first in the world. The paddy rice planting in China is mainly in a mode of scattered planting of farmers, and due to the fact that cost investment of paddy rice drying machinery is large and power consumption in the drying process is large, the farmers dry paddy rice in a natural airing mode after harvesting paddy rice, and if the paddy rice cannot be aired in time in overcast and rainy weather, mildew loss of the paddy rice is easy to cause. The moisture content of the harvested rice is usually more than 20%, even more than 30%; when the moisture content of the rice exceeds 25%, the rice can be piled for about 24 hours, so that the rice can mildew or even germinate, and serious economic loss is caused to farmers. According to statistics, the mildew loss rate of rice stored by farmers in China is about 2% on average, and the loss rate of rice stored by partial farmers is even more than 10%. Mildew not only causes loss of rice quantity, but also the generated mycotoxin seriously threatens the health of consumers. Therefore, rice mildew prevention has been an important research topic for a long time. The problems of negative influence of the use of the traditional chemical mildew preventive on the environment, drug resistance of the mildew and the like are increasingly outstanding, and the search for a safe and efficient novel rice mildew preventive has become a necessary requirement.
Chinese patent (publication No. CN 112715650A) discloses a rice composite mildew inhibitor and a preparation method and application thereof, chinese patent (publication No. CN 111869729A) discloses a composite plant mildew inhibitor for rice and a preparation method thereof, chinese patent (publication No. CN 103039604A) discloses a composite natural plant extract rice mildew inhibitor and a preparation method thereof, and the mildew inhibition technologies are suitable for conventional storage mildew inhibition of rice and do not see effective data for high-moisture rice mildew inhibition; meanwhile, plant extracts are used in the mildew inhibitors, and the content of active ingredients is difficult to detect because the components of the plant extracts are not clear, so that the stability of the using effect of each batch of products cannot be ensured. Chinese patent (publication No. CN 104286169B) discloses a biological mildew-proof particle suitable for transporting high-moisture bulk grain and a using method, the mildew-proof particle can be used for preventing mildew in the transportation process of corn, paddy and wheat with the initial moisture content of more than 15%, but the particle composition contains 18-45% of borax, the borax has the effects of sterilization and corrosion resistance, but the toxicity is higher (poisoning dose of adults is 1-3 g), and if the particle is used in a large amount, the residual harm to the environment and human body cannot be ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an emergency mould-proof method for paddy, which can better solve the problems that the moisture content of the paddy is increased due to rain wetting and the like in the process of harvesting the paddy or storing the paddy, but the drying capability of a drying machine is limited and the paddy cannot be dried in time, or the paddy is mildewed in a short time due to the fact that the paddy cannot be dried in time in overcast and rainy weather.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The emergency mould-proof method for the paddy is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the isooctanol is used alone as a corn mildew preventive to be added into the corn; or, the rice mildew preventive is added into rice by using isooctanol and isobutyric acid together;
isooctanol and isobutyric acid are two volatile substances with strong antimycotic activity which are screened from volatile substances produced by bacillus in the earlier research process of the applicant; both substances are synthetic flavors for foods allowed to be used in GB2760-2014 food additive use Standard; sub-chronic inhalation toxicity studies showed that isooctanol at a concentration of 120ppm did not observe adverse effects on experimental rats in terms of weight, mortality, organ weight, clinical biochemistry and hematology parameters [ Klimisch H J, deckardt K, gembardt C, et al food & Chemical Toxicology,1998,36 (3): 165-168 ]. Isobutyric acid is a natural volatile substance in foods, such as fresh apples, apricots, and apple brands, and is free of genotoxicity, skin allergy, respiratory toxicity, and environmental toxicity (Api am, belsito D, biselta S, et al food and Chemical Toxicology, 2020:111673.); at present, no related report of using isooctanol or isobutyric acid in grain mildew prevention research is found.
As a specific technical scheme, when isooctyl alcohol is singly used as a mildew preventive, the addition amount of isooctyl alcohol is 0.6-2.0 g/kg based on the mass of rice.
As a specific technical scheme, when isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid are used together to serve as mildew preventive, the total addition amount of isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid is 0.6-2.0 g/kg based on the mass of rice, and the mass ratio of isooctyl alcohol to isobutyric acid is controlled to be 1:0.2-0.6.
The applicant finds that, as isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid have strong volatility, isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid can be volatilized quickly in a rice pile or a packaging bag after being directly added into rice, and effective mildew-proof concentration of isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid is difficult to maintain in a period of time, so that mildew-proof stability of isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid cannot be ensured; as a specific technical scheme, the emergency mildew-proof treatment method of the paddy comprises the following steps of:
the isooctanol is used as a mildew preventive independently, i.e. the isooctanol is directly added into paddy or firstly added into a slow release carrier, then the slow release carrier containing isooctanol is added into paddy, the paddy is turned over, and the paddy is piled up or bagged for storage after being uniformly mixed;
or, isooctanol and isobutyric acid are used as mildew preventive in a matching way, namely isooctanol and isobutyric acid are directly added into paddy or isooctanol and isobutyric acid are added into slow release carriers firstly, then the slow release carriers containing isooctanol and isobutyric acid are added into paddy, paddy is turned over, and the paddy is stacked or bagged for storage after being uniformly mixed;
according to the mode, isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid are added into the slow release carrier, so that the volatilization rate of isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid can be reduced, isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid are volatilized slowly in paddy, the time for keeping effective mildew-proof concentration of isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid in paddy is prolonged, and the effects of improving mildew-proof stability and mildew-proof effect are finally achieved; in addition, isooctanol and isobutyric acid are added into the slow release carrier, so that the slow release carrier can be well mixed with rice, and can be removed through screening in the later period, so that the edible safety risk of residual isooctanol and isobutyric acid in the rice caused by direct addition of isooctanol and isobutyric acid is reduced;
preferably, when isooctanol is used alone as a mildew preventive and isooctanol is directly added to rice, the addition amount of isooctanol is 0.6 to 2.0g/kg based on the mass of rice; when isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid are used as mildew preventive in a matched mode and are directly added into paddy, the total adding amount of isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid is 0.6-2 g/kg based on the mass of paddy, and the mass ratio of isooctyl alcohol to isobutyric acid is controlled to be 1:0.2-0.6.
Preferably, when isooctanol is used alone as a mold inhibitor and isooctanol is added to a slow release carrier for use, the addition amount of isooctanol to the rice with the slow release carrier is 0.6 to 2.0g/kg based on the mass of the rice; when the isooctanol and the isobutyric acid are used as the mildew preventive in a matching way and added into the slow release carrier, the adding amount of the isooctanol and the isobutyric acid added into the paddy along with the slow release carrier is 0.6-2.0 g/kg based on the mass of the paddy, and the mass ratio of the octanol to the isobutyric acid is controlled to be 1:0.2-0.6.
As a specific technical scheme, the slow release carrier is one of slow release cards and slow release particles; preferably, the slow release card is prepared from paper sheets; the slow release particles are prepared from inert materials of neutral diatomite and calcium stearate.
As a specific technical scheme, the granularity of the slow-release particles is 0.5-1 mm, so that the slow-release particles can be conveniently screened from the rice.
As a specific technical scheme, the slow-release card has the size specification of 3-8 cm long, 3-8 cm wide and 1-3 mm thick.
As a specific technical scheme, the slow-release particles are prepared by the following steps: mixing neutral diatomite and calcium stearate according to a mass ratio of 6-24:1, adding a proper amount of water, uniformly mixing, and then drying, granulating and sieving to obtain the slow-release particles.
As a specific technical scheme, the rice is high-moisture rice with moisture content more than 15%.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The method can control the total mould count in the paddy to be not more than 10 3 The order of CFU/g can effectively control the fatty acid value, aflatoxin and ochratoxin content of rice.
2) The effective components isooctanol and isobutyric acid used in the invention are edible synthetic flavors, and are safe to people, livestock and environment.
3) The effective components isobutyric acid and isooctanol used in the invention are all volatile substances, and can be diffused under normal pressure and uniformly distributed in paddy; in the later ventilation drying process, isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid can be volatilized and removed from the paddy, the residue is low, and the color and smell of the paddy are not adversely affected.
4) The method has a good emergency mildew-proof effect on the rice with high moisture content, and can be used for short-term mildew prevention of the rice or rice which is in danger of mildew, such as dew condensation on the surface of the rice caused by temperature change, abrupt increase of storage humidity of the rice caused by climate change, short-term mildew prevention of the bagged rice after unsealing and wetting, and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments, it being understood that the following examples are given by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as all equivalents of the invention may suggest themselves to those skilled in the art in view of the spirit of the invention.
The isooctanol and isobutyric acid used in the embodiment of the invention are domestic reagents, and the purity is more than 99.0%. The rice is early indica rice harvested in the current year. The total number of moulds is measured according to GB4789.15-2016 "food microbiology test mould and Yeast count", and the fatty acid value measurement and taste scoring method is measured according to GB/T20569-2006 "Rice storage quality judgment rule". Measurement of moisture content of Rice refers to GB 5009.3-2016 "measurement of moisture in food safety national Standard food". The aflatoxin B1 (AFB 1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are respectively determined by an aflatoxin B1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit and an ochratoxin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.
Example 1
Minimum inhibitory concentration (Minimal inhibit concentration, MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (Minimum bactericidal concentration, MBC) of isooctanol and isobutyric acid on 7 common moulds in rice.
In the earlier work, we used a two-cell culture dish method to determine the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of isooctanol and isobutyric acid on 7 common moulds in rice, respectively. Of the 7 moulds tested, aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus) and Rhizomucor (Rhizomucor pusillus) were purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center; aspergillus ochraceus (Aspergillus ochraceus) and Fusarium graminearum (Fusarium graminearum) are purchased from China center for type culture collection of agricultural microorganisms; aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), rhizopus sp.) and Penicillium (Penicillium oxalicum) were kept by the laboratory and the experimental results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 MIC and MBC of isooctanol for 7 mold
Note that: "-" indicates that no corresponding MIC or MBC values were detected over the range of concentrations detected (10, 20, 30, …, 150. Mu.L/dish). "μL/L" is "μL/dish" converted to the corresponding headspace concentration.
TABLE 2 MIC and MBC of isobutyric acid for 7 mold
Note that: "-" indicates that no corresponding MIC or MBC values were detected over the range of concentrations detected (10, 20, 30, …, 150. Mu.L/dish). "μL/L" is "μL/dish" converted to the corresponding headspace concentration.
As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid have good antibacterial effect on 7 tested moulds, isooctyl alcohol with a concentration of 30 mu L/dish can completely inhibit the growth of 6 moulds except penicillium, isooctyl alcohol with a concentration of 150 mu L/dish can not kill Aspergillus flavus, and therefore, the Aspergillus flavus has a certain drug resistance to isooctyl alcohol. The isobutyric acid with the concentration of 40 mu L/dish can completely kill Aspergillus flavus, and the bacteriostatic effect of the isobutyric acid on fusarium graminearum and penicillium oxalicum is superior to that of isooctanol from the aspect of MIC or MBC value. However, isobutyric acid itself has a relatively heavy odor, and since this substance is acidic, it causes a high fatty acid value of rice to be measured after it is added to rice, and therefore isobutyric acid is not suitable for use as a mold inhibitor to be added to rice alone.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an emergency mildew-proof method for paddy, which uses isooctanol alone as a mildew inhibitor, directly and uniformly sprays isooctanol on paddy, and then bagging and placing at normal temperature after uniformly mixing; meanwhile, the total number of mold, fatty acid value, AFB1 and OTA content in the rice were measured after 5d by using the rice without any mildew preventive added under the same conditions as a control CK, and the results are shown in Table 3.
The initial moisture content of the rice treated in this example was 23.5%, the initial fatty acid value was 15mg/100g, and the isooctanol was added in an amount of 1.5g/kg based on the mass of the rice.
TABLE 3 mildew-proofing effects of Rice by the method of example 2
As is clear from Table 3, the total mold count of the rice treated by the method of example 2 of the present invention was reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with that of the control group, the fatty acid value was in the range of the easy-to-deposit value (30.0 mg/100g or less) specified in the "GB/T20569-2006 rice storage quality judgment rule", whereas the fatty acid value of the rice of the control group had exceeded the severe unfavorable value (37.0 mg/100 g). The AFB1 content and the OTA content of the rice treated by the method of the embodiment 2 of the invention are lower than the limit value in the limit of mycotoxin in national standard food for food safety of GB2761-2017, and the AFB1 content and the OTA content of the rice in the control group are beyond the limit value. After 5d of storage, the rice treated by the method of example 2 of the present invention had slightly isooctanol odor without ventilation, and was subjected to sensory scoring with reference to the "GB/T20569-2006 rice storage quality judgment rule" for a score of 72. The control rice was mildewed and not eaten and was not subjected to organoleptic scoring.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an emergency mildew-proof method for paddy, which uses isooctanol and isobutyric acid as mildew-proof agents, and directly and uniformly sprays isooctanol and isobutyric acid on paddy (isooctanol and isobutyric acid can be uniformly mixed according to a proportion and then sprayed, isooctanol and isobutyric acid can also be independently and respectively sprayed according to the dosage), bagging after uniform mixing, and standing at normal temperature; meanwhile, rice without any mildew preventive added under the same conditions is used as a control CK. After 5d, the total number of mold, fatty acid value, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A content in rice were measured, and the results are shown in Table 4.
The initial moisture content and initial fatty acid value of the rice used in this example were the same as those of the rice in example 2, and isooctanol was added in an amount of 1.0g/kg based on the mass of the rice, and isobutyric acid was added in an amount of 0.5g/kg based on the mass of the rice.
TABLE 4 mildew-proofing effects of Rice by the method of example 3
As can be seen from Table 4, the total mould count of the rice treated by the method of example 3 of the present invention is reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with that of the control group, the fatty acid value is not more than the optimum storage value (less than or equal to 30.0mg/100 g), and the AFB1 content and the OTA content are both lower than the corresponding limit values; the fatty acid value of the rice in the control group exceeds the serious unfavorable value, and the AFB1 content and the OTA content also exceed the limit values. In the treatment method of example 3, isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid were added simultaneously, and since the use concentration of isooctyl alcohol and isobutyric acid were lower than those of example 2, the effect on the flavor quality of rice was reduced, and after 5d storage, the taste score of rice was higher than that of example 2 without aeration. After the rice is ventilated and placed for 24 hours, the rice has no residual smell of medicines, and the smell is completely recovered to be normal.
As is clear from examples 2 to 3, the total mold count of rice after the mold-proofing treatment by the method of the present invention was significantly reduced as compared with that of the control group, and the fatty acid values were lower than those of the control group, and the taste scores were higher than those of the control group. The fatty acid value of the rice treated by the method is in a proper storage range, and the content of AFB1 and OTA does not exceed a limit standard; the fatty acid value of the rice in the control group is mostly higher than the proper storage value, and the AFB1 and OTA contents of the rice in the control group with the moisture content of 23.5 percent after being stored for 5 days at room temperature exceed the limit standard. Therefore, the method can play an effective emergency mildew-proof effect on high-moisture rice. When the method of the present invention is used for mildew-proof treatment of high-moisture rice, emergency mildew prevention is limited to a short period of time (usually not more than 10 d), and the method of the present invention cannot be used as a long-term storage method of high-moisture rice. When the drying or airing conditions permit, the moisture content of the high-moisture rice should be reduced below the safe moisture in time so as to be stored for a long time.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an emergency mildew-proof method for paddy, which comprises the steps of using isooctanol alone as a mildew inhibitor, adding isooctanol into a slow release card, adding the slow release card containing isooctanol into paddy, uniformly mixing, bagging or stacking in a room, and standing at normal temperature; meanwhile, rice without any mildew preventive added under the same conditions is used as a control CK. After 7d, the slow release card was removed by sieving, and the total number of rice mold, fatty acid value, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A content were measured, and the results are shown in Table 5.
Wherein, the initial moisture content of the rice used in this example was 20% and the initial fatty acid value was 18.7mg/kg; the slow release card is made of paper sheets, the size of the slow release card is 3cm long and 3cm wide and 0.1cm thick, the slow release card is immersed in isooctanol when in use, after the slow release card is adsorbed and balanced, the slow release card is taken out for immediate use, and the total adsorption amount of isooctanol (i.e. the total isooctanol added into paddy along with the slow release card) is controlled to be 1.5g/kg based on the paddy mass.
TABLE 5 mildew-proofing effects of Rice by the method of example 4
As is clear from Table 5, the total mold count of the rice of example 4 was 99.2% lower than that of the control group, and the fatty acid value was preferably lower than 30 mg/kg. The control rice has fatty acid value greater than 30mg/kg and less than 37mg/kg, and is slightly unfavorable. The content of AFB1 and the content of OTA in the rice of the control group and the rice of the embodiment do not exceed the limit standard, and the content of AFB1 and the content of OTA in the rice of the embodiment are obviously reduced compared with the control group. The results of the taste scores indicate that: the rice of the control group has slight mildew smell, and the grading value is 65; the rice of this example had a normal smell after the removal of the slow release card, and had no chemical smell and mold smell, and a score of 79.
Example 5
The embodiment provides an emergency mildew prevention method for paddy, which comprises the steps of using isooctanol and isobutyric acid as mildew preventive in a matched mode, adding isooctanol and isobutyric acid into slow release particles, adding slow release particles containing a mixture of isooctanol and isobutyric acid into paddy, mixing uniformly, bagging or stacking in a room, and standing at normal temperature; meanwhile, rice without any mildew preventive added under the same conditions is used as a control CK. After 7d, the slow-release particles were removed by sieving, and the total number of moulds, the fatty acid value, the content of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A of rice were measured, and the results are shown in Table 6.
The initial moisture content of the rice used in this example was 16.2% and the initial fatty acid value was 18.7mg/kg; the slow release particles are prepared by the following steps: weighing neutral diatomite and calcium stearate according to a mass ratio of 8:1, adding a proper amount of water, uniformly mixing, drying, granulating, and sieving to prepare slow-release particles with a granularity of 0.5-1 mm; when the slow-release particles are used, the slow-release particles are immersed in a mixed solution of isooctanol and isobutyric acid (the isooctanol and the isobutyric acid are uniformly mixed in advance according to the mass ratio of 2:1 g/g), after the slow-release particles are adsorbed and balanced, the slow-release particles are taken out for immediate use, and the total adsorption amount of isooctanol and isobutyric acid (namely the total addition amount of isooctanol and isobutyric acid added into paddy along with the slow-release particles) is controlled to be 1.5g/kg based on the mass of paddy.
TABLE 6 mildew-proofing effects of Rice by the method of example 5
As is clear from Table 6, the total mold count in the rice of this example was reduced by 98.0% as compared with the control, and the fatty acid value of the rice of this example was preferably found. The control rice had a slightly unfavorable fatty acid value. The content of AFB1 and the content of OTA in the rice of the control group and the rice of the embodiment do not exceed the limit standard, but the content of AFB1 and the content of OTA in the rice of the embodiment are obviously reduced compared with the control group. The results of the taste scores indicate that: the control rice had a slight mildew taste with a score of 69; the rice of this example was normal in smell, had no chemical smell or mold smell, and had a score of 80.
As can be seen from examples 4 and 5, the addition of isooctanol or a mixture of isooctanol and isobutyric acid to a slow release carrier, and then adding the slow release carrier containing isooctanol or a mixture of isooctanol and isobutyric acid to rice can achieve a good mildew-proof effect and is convenient to add; meanwhile, the slow release carrier (slow release card and slow release particles) can be completely removed after the use, so that the edible residual risks of isooctanol and isobutyric acid are reduced.
Claims (8)
1. The emergency mould-proof treatment method for the paddy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the isooctanol is used alone as a corn mildew preventive to be added into the corn;
or, the rice mildew preventive is added into rice by using isooctanol and isobutyric acid together;
wherein, when isooctanol is used alone as a mildew preventive, the addition amount of isooctanol is 0.6-2.0 g/kg based on the mass of rice;
when the isooctyl alcohol and the isobutyric acid are used together as the mildew preventive, the total addition amount of the isooctyl alcohol and the isobutyric acid is 0.6-2 g/kg based on the mass of the rice, and the mass ratio of the isooctyl alcohol to the isobutyric acid is controlled to be 1:0.2-0.6.
2. An emergency mildew-proof treatment method for paddy according to claim 1, wherein:
the isooctanol is used as a mildew preventive independently, i.e. the isooctanol is directly added into paddy or firstly added into a slow release carrier, then the slow release carrier containing isooctanol is added into paddy, the paddy is turned over, and the paddy is piled up or bagged for storage after being uniformly mixed;
or, the isooctyl alcohol and the isobutyric acid are used as the mildew preventive in a matched mode, namely the isooctyl alcohol and the isobutyric acid are directly added into the paddy or firstly added into the slow-release carrier, then the slow-release carrier containing the isooctyl alcohol and the isobutyric acid is added into the paddy, the paddy is turned over, and the paddy is stacked or bagged for storage after being uniformly mixed.
3. An emergency mould-proof treatment method for paddy according to claim 2, wherein the slow release carrier is one of slow release card and slow release granule.
4. An emergency mould-proof treatment method for paddy according to claim 3, wherein the slow release card is prepared by paper sheets; the slow release card has the size specification of 3-8 cm length, 3-8 cm width and 1-3 mm thickness.
5. An emergency mould-proof treatment method for paddy according to claim 3, wherein the slow release particles are prepared from inert materials of neutral diatomite and calcium stearate.
6. An emergency mould-proof treatment method for paddy according to claim 5, wherein the slow release particles are prepared by the following steps: mixing neutral diatomite and calcium stearate according to a mass ratio of 6-24:1, adding a proper amount of water, uniformly mixing, and then drying, granulating and sieving to obtain the slow-release particles.
7. An emergency mould-proof treatment method for paddy according to claim 5, wherein the particle size of the slow release particles is 0.5-1 mm.
8. An emergency mould-proof treatment method for paddy according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the paddy is high-moisture paddy with moisture content of more than 15%.
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| 有机酸和香料的防霉去毒作用;殷蔚申;《郑州粮食学院学报》;10-14 * |
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