CN113624460B - Dispersion measurement method and system based on temperature control wavelength power stabilization - Google Patents
Dispersion measurement method and system based on temperature control wavelength power stabilization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dispersion measurement method and a system based on temperature control wavelength power stabilization, wherein the method comprises the following steps: respectively modulating reference signals of time and frequency on a laser, transmitting the reference signals to a remote end through an optical fiber link, receiving a loopback signal of the remote end, and acquiring time difference and phase difference between the reference signals and the loopback signal; calculating to obtain the length of the optical fiber link based on the time difference; calculating phase change amounts when different wavelengths are obtained based on the phase difference; calculating to obtain the average dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link, wherein the calculation expression is as follows: d = Δ ψ/(Δ λ L); where D is an average dispersion coefficient, Δ ψ is a phase change amount, Δ λ is a difference between λ 1 and λ 2, and L is an optical fiber link length. The invention can reduce the time transmission accuracy deviation caused by inaccurate dispersion measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-precision time transmission, relates to the field of optical fiber dispersion measurement methods, and particularly relates to a dispersion measurement method and system based on temperature control wavelength power stabilization.
Background
At present, high requirements on time synchronization accuracy and stability are provided in the fields of aerospace, radar synchronization, tip weapon control, high-speed communication, deep space exploration and the like. The existing long-wave time service can only reach microsecond synchronization precision; the satellite common-view and satellite bidirectional comparison method can only achieve nanosecond synchronization precision; the optical fiber time transfer method can achieve synchronization precision of ten picoseconds, is much lower in equipment price than a satellite bidirectional comparison method, and has the advantages of safety, reliability and stability, so that the optical fiber time transfer method has wide application prospect.
In time propagation through optical fibers, the accuracy of the dispersion measurement directly affects the accuracy of the time propagation. In order to improve the accuracy of the time transmission of the optical fiber, the dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link needs to be measured, and the dispersion needs to be corrected during the time transmission process. In practical applications, the measurement accuracy of the optical fiber dispersion is reduced due to factors such as wavelength difference and delay measurement error, so that the accuracy of the optical fiber time transmission is affected, and the effect is further increased with the increase of the transmission distance.
In order to ensure the accuracy of dispersion measurement, measurement methods such as a time delay method and a phase shift method can be adopted, but the methods are different from the optical fiber time transmission system in use wavelength, or low in resolution, expensive, inconsistent with the widely-used scene of optical fiber time transmission, difficult to popularize and apply, and urgently needed to develop a high-precision dispersion measurement method which is reliable in performance and low in cost and is applied to the optical fiber time transmission system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dispersion measurement method and system based on temperature control wavelength power stability aiming at the problem of time delay asymmetry caused by dispersion in the optical fiber time transmission process, and the time transmission accuracy deviation caused by inaccurate dispersion measurement is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a dispersion measurement method based on temperature control wavelength power stabilization, which comprises the following steps:
respectively modulating reference signals of time and frequency on a laser, transmitting the reference signals to a remote end through an optical fiber link, receiving a loopback signal of the remote end, and acquiring time difference and phase difference between the reference signals and the loopback signal; controlling the temperature of the laser to enable the wavelength of the laser to be respectively stabilized as lambda 1 and lambda 2, and controlling the current of the laser to enable the optical power of the laser to be stabilized as P when the wavelength of the laser is lambda 1 and lambda 2;
calculating to obtain the length of the optical fiber link based on the time difference; calculating phase change amounts when different wavelengths are obtained based on the phase difference;
calculating to obtain the average dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link, wherein the calculation expression is as follows: d = Δ ψ/(Δ λ L);
where D is an average dispersion coefficient, Δ ψ is a phase change amount, Δ λ is a difference between λ 1 and λ 2, and L is an optical fiber link length.
The method of the invention is further improved in that the step of controlling the temperature of the laser to make the wavelength of the laser stable at λ 1 and λ 2 respectively, and controlling the current of the laser to make the power of the laser stable at both wavelengths λ 1 and λ 2 at P specifically comprises:
dividing an optical signal emitted by a laser into 2 paths, wherein one path enters a wavelength meter, and the other path is sent to a remote end; receiving an optical signal returned from the remote end to the local end, and converting the optical signal into an electric signal at the local end by using a photoelectric detector;
reading a wavelength value measured by a wavelength meter, and changing the temperature of the laser through a precise temperature control circuit to stabilize the wavelength at lambda 1; measuring the optical power of the photoelectric detector, and controlling the luminous current of the laser to stabilize the optical power of the laser at P when the wavelength of the laser is stabilized at lambda 1;
changing and controlling the temperature of the laser to stabilize the wavelength of the laser at lambda 2; and measuring the optical power of the photoelectric detector, and controlling the luminous current of the laser to stabilize the optical power of the laser at P when the wavelength of the laser is stabilized at lambda 2.
The method of the present invention is further improved in that the step of calculating and obtaining the length of the optical fiber link based on the time difference specifically includes:
modulating the 1PPS pulse signal on a laser, and sending the signal to a remote end through the laser;
receiving a 1PPS return signal returned by the remote end to the local end;
acquiring the time delay t between the 1PPS pulse signal and the 1PPS return signal;
calculating to obtain the length of the optical fiber link through an optical fiber link length calculation expression; the calculation expression of the optical fiber link length is L = t/(2 × c), and c is the propagation speed of light in the optical fiber.
The method of the present invention is further improved in that the step of calculating the phase change amounts at different wavelengths based on the phase difference specifically includes:
modulating a 10M frequency signal on a laser, and sending the signal to a remote end through the laser;
receiving a 10M return signal returned by the remote end to the local end;
acquiring a phase difference between the 10M frequency signal and a returned 10M return signal;
the phase difference at the wavelength λ 1 is denoted by ψ 1, the phase difference at the wavelength λ 2 is denoted by ψ 2, and the phase difference change amounts at the wavelengths λ 1 and λ 2 are obtained as Δ ψ = ψ 1- ψ 2.
The method is further improved in that lambda 1 is the wavelength of light during the time transmission of the optical fiber and ranges from 1260nm to 1675nm; Δ λ = λ 1- λ 2=1nm.
The method is further improved in that when the wavelength is stabilized at lambda 1 or the wavelength is stabilized at lambda 2, the variation of the wavelength is within +/-0.1 pm; when the optical power is stabilized to P, the variation is within. + -. 0.1 dbm.
A further improvement of the method of the invention is that the dispersion measurement error is better than 0.01 ps/(nm x km).
The invention relates to a dispersion measurement system based on temperature control wavelength power stabilization, which comprises:
the first acquisition module is used for respectively modulating reference signals of time and frequency on a laser and transmitting the reference signals to a remote end through an optical fiber link, receiving loopback signals of the remote end and acquiring time difference and phase difference between the reference signals and the loopback signals; controlling the temperature of the laser to enable the wavelength of the laser to be respectively stabilized as lambda 1 and lambda 2, and controlling the current of the laser to enable the optical power of the laser to be stabilized as P when the wavelength of the laser is lambda 1 and lambda 2;
the second acquisition module is used for calculating and acquiring the length of the optical fiber link based on the time difference; the phase difference calculating unit is used for calculating phase change amounts at different wavelengths based on the phase difference;
a third obtaining module, configured to obtain an average dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link through calculation, where a calculation expression is: d = Δ ψ/(Δ λ × L);
where D is the average dispersion coefficient, Δ ψ is the amount of phase change, Δ λ is the difference between λ 1 and λ 2, and L is the optical fiber link length.
The system of the present invention is further improved in that the first obtaining module specifically includes:
a laser for modulating a reference signal of time and frequency and outputting an optical signal;
the beam splitter is used for receiving the optical signal output by the laser and outputting a first optical signal and a second optical signal;
the wavelength meter is used for measuring and acquiring the wavelength of the first optical signal and outputting the wavelength;
the circulator is used for receiving the second optical signal and sending the second optical signal to a remote end through an optical fiber link; the loop-back optical signal is used for receiving the loop-back optical signal returned by the remote end to the local end;
the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the loopback signal and converting the loopback signal into an electric signal to be output;
the operation control unit is used for receiving the wavelength of the first optical signal output by the wavelength meter and the electric signal output by the photoelectric detector, controlling the temperature of the laser to enable the wavelength of the laser to be stabilized to be lambda 1 and lambda 2 respectively, and controlling the current of the laser to enable the optical power of the laser to be stabilized to be P when the wavelength is lambda 1 and lambda 2;
and the time difference and phase difference acquisition unit is used for calculating and acquiring the time difference and the phase difference between the reference signal and the loopback signal.
In a further improvement of the system of the present invention, the first obtaining module further comprises: and the reference signal source is used for outputting a reference signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
aiming at the characteristics of the optical fiber time transmission system, the method adopts the laser with the same wavelength in the optical fiber time transmission system to measure the dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link used by the system, thereby avoiding the error caused by the wavelength difference. The temperature control wavelength and power stabilization method is adopted, so that the influence of wavelength and power changes on the accuracy of measuring the length and phase change quantity of the optical fiber is eliminated, the accuracy of dispersion measurement is improved, and the time transmission accuracy of the long-distance optical fiber is improved.
The system eliminates the influence of wavelength and power change on the accuracy of measuring the length and phase change quantity of the optical fiber, and reduces the accuracy deviation of time transmission caused by dispersion measurement error, thereby improving the time transmission accuracy of long-distance optical fiber, prolonging the time transmission distance, reducing the cost and greatly promoting the wide application in practical engineering.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a dispersion measurement method based on temperature-controlled wavelength power stabilization according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dispersion measurement system based on temperature-controlled wavelength power stabilization according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical effect and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is to be understood that the described embodiments are part of the present invention. Other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the disclosed embodiments without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a dispersion measurement method based on temperature-controlled wavelength power stabilization according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
respectively modulating reference signals of time and frequency on a laser, transmitting the reference signals to a remote end through an optical fiber link, receiving a loopback signal of the remote end, and acquiring a time difference and a phase difference between the reference signals and the loopback signal; controlling the temperature of the laser to enable the wavelength of the laser to be respectively stabilized as lambda 1 and lambda 2, and controlling the current of the laser to enable the optical power of the laser to be stabilized as P when the wavelength of the laser is lambda 1 and lambda 2;
calculating to obtain the length of the optical fiber link based on the time difference; calculating phase change amounts at different wavelengths based on the phase difference;
calculating to obtain the average dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link, wherein the calculation expression is as follows: d = Δ ψ/(Δ λ × L);
where D is an average dispersion coefficient, Δ ψ is a phase change amount, Δ λ is a difference between λ 1 and λ 2, and L is an optical fiber link length.
The method of the embodiment of the invention adopts the laser with the same wavelength in the optical fiber time transmission system to measure the dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link used by the system, thereby avoiding the error caused by the wavelength difference. The temperature control wavelength and power stabilization method is adopted, so that the influence of wavelength and power change on the accuracy of measuring the length and phase change quantity of the optical fiber is eliminated, the accuracy of dispersion measurement is improved, and the time transmission accuracy of the long-distance optical fiber is improved. Meanwhile, the invention reduces the cost, simplifies the operation and is beneficial to wide application in practical engineering.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a dispersion measurement method based on temperature-controlled wavelength power stabilization according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
(1) Power stabilization control at wavelength λ 1:
the power stabilization process consists of the following steps: dividing an optical signal emitted by a laser LD into 2 paths, wherein one path enters a wavelength meter; the other path is sent to the remote end, and the optical signal is returned to the local end at the remote end; the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal at the local end using a photodetector PD.
The step (1) of the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(1.1) calibrating the wavelength of the laser: the wavelength value measured by the wavelength meter is read, the temperature of the laser LD is changed through a precise temperature control circuit, and the wavelength is changed due to the temperature change, so that the wavelength is stabilized at lambda 1. Lambda 1 is the wavelength of light during the time transmission of the optical fiber, and the range is 1260 nm-1675 nm.
(1.2) laser power stabilization: the light power of the detector PD is measured through the operation control unit, and the size of the light-emitting current I1 of the laser is controlled, so that the power is stabilized at P.
(1.3) step (1.2) causing wavelength change in the laser power stabilizing process, and repeating the step (1.1) and the step (1.2) until the change amount of the wavelength lambda 1 is controlled within +/-0.1 pm and the change amount of the detector power P is controlled within +/-0.1 dbm.
(2) Power stabilization control at wavelength λ 2:
and (3) changing and controlling the temperature of the LD to stabilize the laser wavelength at lambda 2, and repeating the step (1) to stabilize the optical power at P when the laser wavelength is stabilized at lambda 2, wherein delta lambda = lambda 1-lambda 2=1nm.
(3) Measuring the length of the optical fiber: the 1PPS pulse signal is modulated on the LD, the signal is sent to the remote end through the LD, and the signal is returned to the PD of the local end at the remote end. Precisely measuring the time delay t between the input 1PPS signal and the returned 1PPS signal by using time interval measuring equipment, thereby obtaining the length L = t/(2 × c) of the link optical fiber, wherein c is the propagation speed of light in the optical fiber;
(4) Measuring the phase: the 10M frequency signal is modulated on the laser LD, transmitted through the LD to the remote end, where it is returned to the PD at the local end. The phase difference between the 10M signal and the returned 10M signal is precisely measured by a phase measurement device.
The phase difference at the wavelength λ 1 is denoted by ψ 1, and the phase difference at the wavelength λ 2 is denoted by ψ 2. Obtaining the phase difference change quantity of delta phi = phi 1-phi 2 when the wavelengths lambda 1 and lambda 2 are obtained;
(5) Calculating the average dispersion of the link: obtaining lambda 1 through the step 1, obtaining lambda 2 through the step 2, obtaining the optical fiber length L through the step 3, obtaining the phase change quantity delta psi through the step 4, and calculating the average dispersion D of the optical fiber link through a formula, wherein the expression is as follows: d = Δ ψ/(Δ λ × L).
Thus, the dispersion measurement of the optical fiber link is realized.
The invention adopts a temperature control wavelength and power stabilizing method, can realize the dispersion measurement of the optical fiber link in the same system, and leads the dispersion measurement error in the optical fiber time transmission system to be better than 0.01 ps/(nm x km), therefore, the accuracy error introduced on the optical fiber link of 1 kilometre is less than 10ps theoretically.
Referring to fig. 2, a dispersion measurement system based on temperature-controlled wavelength power stabilization according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a reference signal source RF, a laser LD, a precise temperature control circuit TEC, a beam splitter, a circulator, an operation control unit MCU, a wavemeter, a photoelectric detector PD and a phase measurement unit.
The operation control unit MCU controls the laser LD and the precise temperature control circuit TEC through current to stabilize the power and wavelength of the laser LD; modulating a reference signal of a reference signal source RF on a laser LD and sending the reference signal to a remote end, and returning the signal to a photoelectric detector PD of a local end at the remote end through a circulator; calculating the length of an optical fiber link and the phase difference of signals by comparing the output signal of the photoelectric detector PD with a reference signal; and then calculating the average dispersion value of the whole optical fiber link by using a formula.
The principle of the system of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of controlling the temperature of a laser to enable the wavelength of the laser to be stable, controlling the current of the laser to enable the power of the laser to be stable, modulating reference signals of time and frequency on the laser respectively, sending the reference signals to a remote end through an optical fiber link, looping back the signals at the remote end, measuring the time difference and the phase difference between the reference signals and the looped-back signals, calculating the length of the optical fiber link and the phase change amount of the optical fiber link at different wavelengths, and therefore accurately calculating the average dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link through a formula.
In summary, aiming at the characteristics of the optical fiber time transmission system, the invention adopts the laser with the same wavelength in the optical fiber time transmission system to measure the dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link used by the system, thereby avoiding the error caused by the wavelength difference. The temperature control wavelength and power stabilization method is adopted, so that the influence of wavelength and power changes on the accuracy of measuring the length and phase change quantity of the optical fiber is eliminated, the accuracy of dispersion measurement is further improved, and the time transmission accuracy of the long-distance optical fiber is improved. Meanwhile, the cost is reduced, the operation is simplified, and the method is favorable for wide application in practical engineering.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as hereinafter claimed.
Claims (9)
1. A dispersion measurement method based on temperature control wavelength power stabilization is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively modulating reference signals of time and frequency on a laser, transmitting the reference signals to a remote end through an optical fiber link, receiving a loopback signal of the remote end, and acquiring time difference and phase difference between the reference signals and the loopback signal; controlling the temperature of the laser to enable the wavelength of the laser to be respectively stabilized as lambda 1 and lambda 2, and controlling the current of the laser to enable the optical power of the laser to be stabilized as P when the wavelength of the laser is lambda 1 and lambda 2;
calculating to obtain the length of the optical fiber link based on the time difference; calculating phase change amounts at different wavelengths based on the phase difference;
calculating to obtain the average dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link, wherein the calculation expression is as follows: d = Δ ψ/(Δ λ L);
in the formula, D is an average dispersion coefficient, delta psi is a phase change amount, delta lambda is a difference value of lambda 1 and lambda 2, and L is an optical fiber link length;
wherein, the step of calculating the phase change amount at different wavelengths based on the phase difference specifically includes:
modulating a 10M frequency signal on a laser, and sending the signal to a remote end through the laser;
receiving a 10M return signal returned by the remote end to the local end;
acquiring a phase difference between the 10M frequency signal and a returned 10M return signal;
the phase difference at the wavelength λ 1 is denoted by ψ 1, the phase difference at the wavelength λ 2 is denoted by ψ 2, and the phase difference change amounts at the wavelengths λ 1 and λ 2 are obtained as Δ ψ = ψ 1- ψ 2.
2. The method for measuring chromatic dispersion based on temperature-controlled wavelength power stabilization according to claim 1, wherein the step of controlling the temperature of the laser so that the wavelengths of the laser are stabilized to λ 1 and λ 2, respectively, and the step of controlling the current of the laser so that the power of the laser at the wavelengths of λ 1 and λ 2 is stabilized to P specifically comprises:
dividing an optical signal emitted by a laser into 2 paths, wherein one path enters a wavelength meter, and the other path is sent to a remote end; receiving an optical signal returned by the remote end to the local end, and converting the optical signal into an electric signal by using a photoelectric detector at the local end;
reading a wavelength value measured by a wavelength meter, and changing the temperature of the laser through a precise temperature control circuit to stabilize the wavelength at lambda 1; measuring the optical power of the photoelectric detector, and controlling the luminous current of the laser to stabilize the optical power of the laser at P when the wavelength of the laser is stabilized at lambda 1;
changing and controlling the temperature of the laser to stabilize the wavelength of the laser at lambda 2; and measuring the optical power of the photoelectric detector, and controlling the luminous current of the laser to stabilize the optical power of the laser at P when the wavelength of the laser is stabilized at lambda 2.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the length of the optical fiber link based on the time difference comprises:
modulating the 1PPS pulse signal on a laser, and sending the signal to a remote end through the laser;
receiving a 1PPS return signal returned by the remote end to the local end;
acquiring the time delay t between the 1PPS pulse signal and the 1PPS return signal;
calculating to obtain the length of the optical fiber link through an optical fiber link length calculation expression; the calculation expression of the optical fiber link length is L = t/(2 × c), and c is the propagation speed of light in the optical fiber.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein λ 1 is the wavelength of light during time-transfer of the optical fiber, and is within a range of 1260nm to 1675nm; Δ λ = λ 1- λ 2=1nm.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength variation is within ± 0.1pm when the wavelength is stable at λ 1 or the wavelength is stable at λ 2; when the optical power is stabilized to be P, the variation is within + -0.1 dbm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the dispersion measurement error is better than 0.01 ps/(nm x km).
7. A dispersion measurement system based on temperature controlled wavelength power stabilization, comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for respectively modulating reference signals of time and frequency on a laser and transmitting the reference signals to a remote end through an optical fiber link, receiving loopback signals of the remote end and acquiring time difference and phase difference between the reference signals and the loopback signals; the temperature of the laser is controlled to enable the wavelength of the laser to be respectively stabilized as lambda 1 and lambda 2, and the current of the laser is controlled to enable the optical power of the laser to be stabilized as P when the wavelength of the laser is lambda 1 and lambda 2;
the second acquisition module is used for calculating and acquiring the length of the optical fiber link based on the time difference; the phase difference calculating unit is used for calculating phase change amounts at different wavelengths based on the phase difference;
a third obtaining module, configured to calculate and obtain an average dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link, where the calculation expression is: d = Δ ψ/(Δ λ × L);
in the formula, D is an average dispersion coefficient, delta psi is a phase change amount, delta lambda is a difference value of lambda 1 and lambda 2, and L is an optical fiber link length;
wherein, the step of calculating the phase change amount at different wavelengths based on the phase difference specifically includes:
modulating a 10M frequency signal on a laser, and sending the signal to a remote end through the laser;
receiving a 10M return signal returned by the remote end to the local end;
acquiring a phase difference between the 10M frequency signal and a returned 10M return signal;
the phase difference at the wavelength λ 1 is denoted by ψ 1, the phase difference at the wavelength λ 2 is denoted by ψ 2, and the phase difference change amounts at the wavelengths λ 1 and λ 2 are obtained as Δ ψ = ψ 1- ψ 2.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the first obtaining module specifically includes:
a laser for modulating a reference signal of time and frequency and outputting an optical signal;
the beam splitter is used for receiving the optical signal output by the laser and outputting a first optical signal and a second optical signal;
the wavelength meter is used for measuring and acquiring the wavelength of the first optical signal and outputting the wavelength;
the circulator is used for receiving the second optical signal and sending the second optical signal to a remote end through an optical fiber link; the loop-back optical signal is used for receiving the loop-back optical signal returned by the remote end to the local end;
the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the loopback signal and converting the loopback signal into an electric signal to be output;
the operation control unit is used for receiving the wavelength of the first optical signal output by the wavelength meter and the electric signal output by the photoelectric detector, controlling the temperature of the laser to enable the wavelength of the laser to be stabilized to be lambda 1 and lambda 2 respectively, and controlling the current of the laser to enable the optical power of the laser to be stabilized to be P when the wavelength is lambda 1 and lambda 2;
and the time difference and phase difference acquisition unit is used for calculating and acquiring the time difference and the phase difference between the reference signal and the loopback signal.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the first obtaining module further comprises:
and the reference signal source is used for outputting a reference signal.
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