CN113623195A - Test switching mechanism and application thereof, test system and test method - Google Patents
Test switching mechanism and application thereof, test system and test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A test switching mechanism and application, a test system and a test method thereof comprise the test switching mechanism; the air suction channel is connected with an air suction end of the compressor; the exhaust channel is connected with the exhaust end of the compressor and comprises a high-pressure branch pipeline and a low-pressure branch pipeline; the control channel is connected with the control end of the compressor, and a high-pressure branch pipeline and a low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel are respectively connected into the control channel through channel valves; and the enthalpy increasing channel is connected with the enthalpy increasing end of the compressor. The invention controls the variable-capacity pin through switching the air pressure of the control channel, thereby switching the working state of the compressor, measuring the fault of the compressor through the change of the working condition of the compressor in the switching process and the comparison of the stable working condition and the set value, controlling the air pressure of the control channel through the high-pressure branch pipeline and the low-pressure branch pipeline, realizing the normal switching of the normal machine, but not the switching of the abnormal machine, thereby showing the fault abnormality in a short time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of testing of three-cylinder two-stage variable-capacity compressors, in particular to a switching mechanism for testing performance of a three-cylinder two-stage variable-capacity compressor, application of the switching mechanism, a testing system and a testing method of the switching mechanism.
Background
For a three-cylinder two-stage variable-capacity compressor with a brand-new structure, more and more detection items than common compressors are complicated, and the performance of the three-cylinder two-stage variable-capacity compressor is temporarily vacant in the field of fault detection and evaluation in the current domestic compressor industry, so that the faults of the compressor cannot be completely detected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve one or more problems, the invention provides a test switching mechanism, an application thereof, a test system and a test method, wherein the operation condition of a compressor is monitored by switching the working state of the compressor, and the faults of an upper cylinder, a middle cylinder and a lower cylinder are effectively detected.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a test switching mechanism disposed on at least one cylinder of the compressor, comprising:
the lower slide piece is reversely installed, one side surface with a pin groove is abutted with a lower partition plate of a cylinder body, one end parts of the left end part and the right end part are positioned in the air suction channel, and the other end parts are positioned in the control channel;
the variable-capacity pin is provided with an elastic piece arranged at the tail part and a convex cylinder arranged at the head part, the top surface of the convex cylinder is abutted to the other side surface of the lower sliding sheet far away from the side surface of the pin groove by the acting force of the elastic piece, the tail part of the variable-capacity pin is positioned in the air suction channel, and the head part of the variable-capacity pin is positioned in the control channel.
Preferably, the head of the positive-displacement pin is communicated with a control channel of a test system, so that the air pressure of the control channel generates a first acting force F towards the tail on the positive-displacement pin1；
The tail part of the variable-volume pin is communicated with an air suction channel of a test system, so that air pressure of the air suction channel generates a first acting force F on the variable-volume pin1Second force F in the opposite direction2；
The first acting force and the second acting force are adjusted by controlling the air pressure of the air suction channel and the air pressure of the control channel, so that the variable-volume pin slides in the acting force direction.
Preferably, the positive-displacement pin is also subjected to its own weight G and to the elastic force F exerted thereon by the elastic element6Acting, the direction of the gravitational force G and the first acting force F1In the same direction, the elastic force F6In the direction of and the second force F2In the same direction.
Preferably, one end of the lower sliding sheet is communicated with a suction channel of the test system, so that the air pressure of the suction channel generates a third acting force F towards the other end of the lower sliding sheet3In the direction of the third acting force, the lower sliding sheet is also subjected to a fourth acting force F generated by abutting friction with the variable-volume pin4；
The other end of the lower sliding sheet is communicated with a control channel of the test system, so that the air pressure of the control channel generates a fifth acting force F in the direction opposite to the third acting force on the lower sliding sheet5；
And adjusting the third acting force, the fourth acting force and the fifth acting force by controlling the air pressure of the air suction channel and the air pressure of the control channel so as to enable the lower sliding sheet to slide in the direction of the acting force.
Preferably, the lower slide plate is further subjected to a reaction force N of the lower partition plate against the lower slide plate in the double-cylinder mode, and a positive pressure N 'of the variable-volume pin against the lower slide plate, wherein the reaction force N is in the same direction as the gravity direction of the variable-volume pin, and the positive pressure N' is in the opposite direction to the reaction force N.
In another aspect, an application of a test switching mechanism includes configuring the test switching mechanism at a lower cylinder of the three-cylinder two-stage variable displacement compressor;
when the variable-capacity pin and the lower slide are subjected to the air pressure p of the control channel1Pressure p of suction channel2The air pressure difference delta p is more than 0.15MPa, and the variable-capacitance pin slides away from the lower slideThe sliding plate slides in the plate direction and unlocks a lower sliding plate, and the compressor operates in three cylinders;
when the air pressure difference delta p between the air pressure p1 of the control channel and the air pressure p2 of the air suction channel is smaller than 0.15MPa, the variable-volume pin slides towards the direction of the downward sliding sheet and clamps the downward sliding sheet, the compressor operates in a double-cylinder mode under the working condition that the double-cylinder operates, the downward sliding sheet receives the fifth acting force F of the air pressure of the control channel5Third force F > suction channel air pressure3Fourth force F of sliding friction with positive-displacement pin4。
Preferably, in order to ensure that the compressor only performs three-cylinder operation in the state that the variable-capacity pin fails, the fifth acting force F is required to be met under the working condition of performing double-cylinder operation5Greater than the third acting force F3+ fourth force F4The calculation model for obtaining the control passage air pressure, which is applied according to the above inequality and the calculation formula of the third acting force F3 ═ μ N (μ is a sliding friction coefficient), includes:
a double-cylinder mode:
three-cylinder mode: p is a radical of2+0.15＜p1。
In another aspect, a test system for testing a switching mechanism includes:
a test switching mechanism;
the air suction channel is connected with an air suction end of the compressor;
the exhaust channel is connected with the exhaust end of the compressor and comprises a high-pressure branch pipeline and a low-pressure branch pipeline;
the control channel is connected with the control end of the compressor, and a high-pressure branch pipeline and a low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel are respectively connected into the control channel through channel valves;
and the enthalpy increasing channel is connected with the enthalpy increasing end of the compressor.
Preferably, the test system comprises:
the air suction end is connected with an air suction pressure transmitter through an air pipe and then is divided into two pipelines, one pipeline is sequentially connected with an air suction valve and a pressure reducing valve, and the other pipeline is sequentially connected with a check valve, an air supplementing valve, a filtering pressure reducing valve and a filtering oil removing air storage tank;
the exhaust end of the exhaust channel is sequentially connected with an exhaust pressure transmitter, a pressure protector, a pressure release valve, an oil separator and an exhaust valve through an air pipe, the exhaust channel also comprises a low-pressure branch pipeline and a high-pressure branch pipeline after passing through the pressure release valve, the low-pressure branch pipeline is connected into the control channel through a low-pressure valve and a pressure release valve, and the high-pressure branch pipeline is connected into the control channel through a high-pressure valve;
the control channel is used for controlling air pressure so as to control the air pressure to generate acting force on the test switching mechanism, the control end is connected with the high-pressure branch pipeline and the low-pressure branch pipeline after being connected with the channel valve through an air pipe, and a pressure relief valve is arranged at the connection part and connected into the air suction channel;
the enthalpy increasing channel is used for increasing enthalpy, the enthalpy increasing end is sequentially connected with an enthalpy increasing pressure transmitter, an enthalpy increasing valve and an exhaust cleaner through an air pipe, and the exhaust channel is provided with a pipeline which is connected into the exhaust cleaner through an unloading valve after passing through the exhaust pressure transmitter.
Preferably, the test system further comprises:
and the self-checking circulation channel is used for butting the air suction channel and the exhaust channel to form internal circulation for detecting the air tightness of the system, and the exhaust valve condenser of the exhaust channel and the system pressure transmitter are connected with the pressure reducing valve of the air suction channel.
In another aspect, a method for testing a switching mechanism includes the steps of:
starting a test system of the test switching mechanism;
performing boosting action through the air suction channel, and recording boosting time after the preset pressure is reached;
opening a low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel and closing a high-pressure branch pipeline to adjust the air pressure of the control channel, so that the compressor enters a first double-cylinder mode by the test switching mechanism, recording the working condition and comparing and judging the working condition with a preset standard working condition after the working condition is stable, and obtaining a first judgment result;
opening a high-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel and closing a low-pressure branch pipeline to adjust the air pressure of the control channel, so that the compressor enters a three-cylinder mode by the test switching mechanism, recording the working condition and comparing and judging the working condition with a preset standard working condition after the working condition is stable, and obtaining a second judgment result;
and opening a low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel and closing a high-pressure branch pipeline to adjust the air pressure of the control channel, so that the test switching mechanism enables the compressor to enter a second double-cylinder mode, recording the working condition after the working condition is stable, stopping the compressor, and performing countercurrent test judgment to obtain a third judgment result.
Preferably, the test method further comprises the following test steps:
the testing system is started, the air suction valve of the air suction channel, the pressure release valve of the exhaust channel, the high-pressure valve of the exhaust channel, the pressure release valve of the control channel and the enthalpy increasing valve of the enthalpy increasing channel are closed, the air supplementing valve of the air suction channel, the exhaust valve of the exhaust channel, the low-pressure valve of the exhaust channel and the channel valve of the control channel are opened, the compressor performs a boosting test, boosting time is recorded after preset pressure is reached, and the compression capacity testing result of the compressor is obtained by comparing with preset standard time.
Preferably, the test method further comprises the following test steps:
after the boosting action is completed, an air suction valve of an air suction channel is opened, an air compensating valve of the air suction channel is closed, at the moment, a low-pressure branch pipeline of an exhaust channel and a control channel are in a switch-on state, so that a variable-volume pin and a lower slide plate which are configured on a test switching structure of a lower cylinder are in a locking state by the air pressure of the control channel, a first double-cylinder mode is entered, the working condition is stable, the working condition is recorded and is compared and judged with a preset standard working condition, and at least the following first judgment result is included:
if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is greater than the preset standard working condition, the upper cylinder fails or the middle cylinder fog does not have a slip sheet;
and if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is smaller than the preset standard working condition, the middle cylinder fails.
Preferably, the test method further comprises the following test steps:
under the stable operating mode of first pair jar mode, open the high-pressure valve of high pressure branch pipeline and close the low-pressure valve of low pressure branch pipeline to make the configuration at the test switching structure's of lower cylinder varactor pin and lower slider receive the atmospheric pressure unblock state of control channel, get into three jar modes, treat that the operating mode is stable, the record operating mode and with the contrast judgement of predetermined standard operating mode, include following second judgement result at least:
if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is greater than the preset standard working condition, the upper cylinder fails or the middle cylinder fog does not have a slip sheet;
and if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is smaller than the preset standard working condition, the middle cylinder fails.
Preferably, the test method further comprises the following test steps:
under the stable operating mode of three jars of modes, open the low-pressure valve of low pressure branch pipeline and close the high-pressure valve of high pressure branch pipeline to make the configuration switch the variable volume pin of structure and the air pressure that the lower slider controlled the passageway under the test of jar be in the lock-up state, get into the two jars of second mode, treat that the operating mode is stable, the recording operating mode and with the contrast of predetermined standard operating mode judge, include following third judgement result at least:
if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is greater than the preset standard working condition, the upper cylinder fails or the middle cylinder fog does not have a slip sheet;
and if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is smaller than the preset standard working condition, the middle cylinder fails.
Preferably, the test method further comprises the following test steps: under the stable operating mode of second double-cylinder mode, the compressor stall, utilize self-checking circulation channel with the suction channel forms the inner loop with exhaust passage butt joint and is used for detecting system gas tightness, makes the test judgement against the current, obtains the fourth judgement result, includes at least: if the reverse flow pressure is larger than the preset reverse flow pressure value, air leaks from the enthalpy increasing channel and/or the air suction channel.
Preferably, the test method further comprises the following test steps:
the stable working condition recorded in the first double-cylinder mode is compared with the stable working condition recorded in the third cylinder mode to obtain a fifth judgment result, which at least comprises: and if the working conditions are basically consistent, the control channel is blocked.
Preferably, the test method further comprises the following test steps:
the stable working condition recorded in the three-cylinder mode is compared with the stable working condition recorded in the second two-cylinder mode to obtain a sixth judgment result, which at least comprises the following steps: and if the working conditions are basically consistent, at least one of the lower cylinder, the variable-capacity pin and the elastic part of the variable-capacity pin fails.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: through the switching to control channel atmospheric pressure, control the varactor pin to the operating condition of switching compressor, and through the change to switching in-process compressor operating mode, and the contrast of stable operating mode and setting value, measure the trouble of compressor. The air pressure of the control channel is controlled through the high-pressure branch pipeline and the low-pressure branch pipeline, accurate variable-volume switching is realized through the accurately calculated variable-volume pressure, normal switching of a normal machine is realized, and switching of an abnormal machine cannot be realized, so that faults are abnormally shown in a short time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a test switching mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the force structure of the variable-volume pin of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the force-bearing structure of the lower slider of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pipeline structure of the testing system of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a testing method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a clear and complete understanding of the technical solutions, the present invention will now be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
In a first embodiment of the present invention,
as shown in fig. 1, a switching mechanism for testing performance of a three-cylinder two-stage variable displacement compressor is configured on at least one cylinder block of the compressor, and comprises:
a lower slider 100 installed in a reverse direction, one side surface of which having a pin groove 101 is abutted against a lower partition plate 102 of a cylinder body, one end of the left and right end portions is located in an air suction passage, and the other end is located in a control passage;
the variable-capacity pin 200 is provided with an elastic piece 201 arranged at the tail part and a convex column 202 arranged at the head part, the top surface of the convex column 202 is abutted against the other side surface of the lower slide plate 100 far away from the side surface of the pin slot 101 under the action force of the elastic piece 201, the tail part of the variable-capacity pin is positioned in the air suction channel, and the head part of the variable-capacity pin is positioned in the control channel.
As shown in fig. 2, the head of the varactor pin 200 is connected to a control channel of a test system, so that the air pressure of the control channel generates a first force F toward the tail on the varactor pin1；
The tail part of the variable-capacity pin 200 is communicated with an air suction channel of a test system, so that air pressure of the air suction channel generates a first acting force F on the variable-capacity pin1Second force F in the opposite direction2The variable-capacity pin is also acted by the gravity G of the variable-capacity pin and the elastic force F generated by the elastic piece6Acting, the direction of the gravitational force G and the first acting force F1In the same direction, the elastic force F6In the direction of and the second force F2In the same direction.
The first acting force and the second acting force are adjusted by controlling the air pressure of the air suction channel and the air pressure of the control channel, so that the variable-capacity pin slides in the direction of the acting forceAnd (6) moving. In particular, when the positive-displacement pin 200 is subjected to the air pressure p of the control channel1Pressure p of suction channel2The air pressure difference delta p is larger than 0.15MPa, and the variable-volume pin 200 slides away from the lower sliding piece 100 and unlocks the lower sliding piece 100; when the variable-capacity pin 200 is subjected to the air pressure difference Deltapp of the air pressure p1 of the control channel and the air pressure p2 of the air suction channel, which is less than 0.15MPa, the air pressure difference is not enough to overcome the elastic force F generated by the elastic piece on the variable-capacity pin6And gravity G, the variable-volume pin 200 slides toward the lower slider 100 and locks the lower slider 100.
As shown in FIG. 3, one end of the lower sliding plate 200 is connected to a suction channel of a testing system, so that the air pressure of the suction channel generates a third force F on the lower sliding plate 100 toward the other end3In the direction of the third acting force, the lower sliding piece 100 is further subjected to a fourth acting force F generated by abutting friction with the variable-volume pin4；
The other end of the lower sliding piece 100 is connected with a control channel of the test system, so that the air pressure of the control channel generates a fifth acting force F in the direction opposite to the third acting force on the lower sliding piece 1005Under the double-cylinder mode, the lower sliding piece 100 is further subjected to a reaction force N of the lower partition plate to the lower sliding piece and a positive pressure N 'of the variable-volume pin to the lower sliding piece, wherein the reaction force N is in the same direction as the gravity direction of the variable-volume pin, and the direction of the positive pressure N' is opposite to the reaction force N.
And adjusting the third acting force, the fourth acting force and the fifth acting force by controlling the air pressure of the air suction channel and the air pressure of the control channel so as to enable the lower sliding sheet to slide in the direction of the acting force. In particular, when subjected to the pressure p of the control channel1Pressure p of suction channel2The air pressure difference delta P is larger than 0.15MPa, the variable-volume pin slides away from the lower slide sheet 100 and unlocks the lower slide sheet 100, and the lower slide sheet 100 controls the air pressure P of the channel1A fifth acting force F on the lower slide 1005Pushing in the direction; when subjected to the pressure p of the control channel1Pressure p of suction channel2Is less than 0.15MPa, the transfiguration pin is not enough to offset the elasticitySpring force F of member to it6A fourth acting force F acting to generate sliding friction on the lower slide sheet4So that the pressure P of the suction passage2The lower sliding piece 100 is pushed towards a third acting force F3, and the variable-volume pin generates a positive pressure N' on the lower sliding piece to clamp the lower sliding piece.
On the basis of the test switching mechanism in the first embodiment, the application of the test switching mechanism for the performance of the three-cylinder two-stage variable capacity compressor is further obtained, and the test switching mechanism is configured on the lower cylinder body of the three-cylinder two-stage variable capacity compressor;
when the variable-capacity pin and the lower slide are subjected to the air pressure p of the control channel1Pressure p of suction channel2The air pressure difference delta p is larger than 0.15MPa, the variable-capacity pin slides in the direction away from the lower sliding sheet and unlocks the lower sliding sheet, and the compressor operates in three cylinders;
when the air pressure difference delta p between the air pressure p1 of the control channel and the air pressure p2 of the air suction channel is smaller than 0.15MPa, the variable-volume pin slides towards the direction of the downward sliding sheet and clamps the downward sliding sheet, the compressor operates in a double-cylinder mode under the working condition that the double-cylinder operates, the downward sliding sheet receives the fifth acting force F of the air pressure of the control channel5Third force F > suction channel air pressure3Fourth force F of sliding friction with positive-displacement pin4。
In order to ensure that the compressor only can perform three-cylinder operation in the state that the variable-capacity pin fails, the fifth acting force F is required to be met under the working condition of performing double-cylinder operation5Greater than the third acting force F3+ fourth force F4To obtain an inequality F5＞F3+F4The calculation model for obtaining the control passage air pressure, which is applied according to the above inequality and the calculation formula of the third acting force F3 ═ μ N (μ is a sliding friction coefficient), includes:
a double-cylinder mode:
three-cylinder mode: p is a radical of2+0.15＜p1。
As shown in fig. 4, according to the calculation model and the system pipeline shown in fig. 4, the system pipeline comprises the air suction channel 10, the air discharge channel 20, the control channel 30 and the enthalpy increasing channel 40, and the pressure control of the control channel air 40 for switching the operation mode of the compressor is realized by processing the discharge pressure of the compressor, so that the use of an air source is reduced. According to the double-cylinder mode formula of the calculation model, the pressure of the control channel 40 of the double-cylinder mode is required to be in
And p2Between +0.15, the system pipeline exhausts the pressure of the compressor through a pressure reducing valve to realize the air pressure; according to the formula of the three-cylinder mode of the calculation model, the pressure of the control channel in the three-cylinder mode is larger than p2+0.15, the system piping directly uses the compressor discharge pressure to achieve this pressure. Through high accuracy relief valve control varactor control passageway pressure, accurate varactor switching is carried out in the varactor pressure realization of accurate calculation, realizes that normal machine can normally switch, and unusual quick-witted unable switching to show the trouble unusually in the short time.
The second embodiment:
as shown in fig. 4, a system for testing performance of a three-cylinder two-stage variable displacement compressor includes:
the test switching mechanism is arranged on the lower cylinder body of the compressor;
a suction channel 10 connected with a suction end a of the compressor;
the exhaust channel 20 is connected with the exhaust end b of the compressor and comprises a high-pressure branch pipeline and a low-pressure branch pipeline;
the control channel 30 is connected with the control end c of the compressor, and a high-pressure branch pipeline and a low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel are respectively connected into the control channel through channel valves;
and the enthalpy increasing channel 40 is connected with the enthalpy increasing end d of the compressor.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the air suction channel 10 is used for providing an air source to generate acting force of air pressure on the compressor and the test switching mechanism, the air suction end a is connected with an air suction pressure transmitter 11 through an air pipe and then is divided into two pipelines, one pipeline is sequentially connected with an air suction valve 12 and a pressure reducing valve 13, and the other pipeline is sequentially connected with a check valve 14, an air supplementing valve 15, a filtering pressure reducing valve 16 and a filtering oil removing air storage tank 17;
the exhaust channel 20 is used for exhausting air, the exhaust end b is sequentially connected with an exhaust pressure transmitter 21, a pressure protector 22, a pressure release valve 23, an oil separator 24 and an exhaust valve 25 through an air pipe, the exhaust channel further comprises a low-pressure branch pipeline and a high-pressure branch pipeline after passing through the pressure release valve 23, the low-pressure branch pipeline is connected into the control channel 30 through a low-pressure valve 26 and a pressure release valve 27, and the high-pressure branch pipeline is connected into the control channel 30 through a high-pressure valve 28;
the control channel 30 is used for controlling air pressure so as to control the air pressure to generate acting force on the test switching mechanism, the control end c is connected with a control pipeline pressure transmitter 31 channel valve 32 through an air pipe and then is connected with the high-pressure branch pipeline and the low-pressure branch pipeline, and a pressure release valve 33 is arranged at the connection part and is connected with the air suction channel 10;
the enthalpy increasing channel 40 is used for increasing enthalpy, the enthalpy increasing end d is sequentially connected with an enthalpy increasing pressure transmitter 41, an enthalpy increasing valve 42 and an exhaust cleaner 43 through an air pipe, and the exhaust channel 20 is provided with a pipeline after passing through the exhaust pressure actuator 21 and is connected into the exhaust cleaner 43 through an unloading valve 29.
The variable-capacity pin is controlled by switching the air pressure of the control channel, so that the working state of the compressor is switched, and the fault of the compressor is measured by comparing the change of the working condition of the compressor in the switching process and the comparison of the stable working condition with a set value.
The present embodiment further comprises a self-checking circulation channel 50, wherein the suction channel 10 and the exhaust channel 20 are butted to form an internal circulation for checking the system airtightness, and the exhaust valve 25, the condenser 51 and the system pressure transmitter 52 of the exhaust channel 20 are connected with the pressure reducing valve 13 of the suction channel 10. The self-checking circulation channel only needs to butt joint the air suction channel and the exhaust channel, so that the system pipeline enters an internal circulation state, the pipeline volumes respectively required by the air suction section and the exhaust section in the system pipeline can be obtained according to an ideal gas state equation PV (nRT) and a mass conservation law, the system pipeline is designed and distributed according to results, the air supply channel is cut off after the exhaust pressure of the compressor reaches the target pressure, and the system pipeline enters a stable circulation operation state. And judging whether the air tightness of the system is good or not through the air pressure of the pipeline, if the air pressure is reduced continuously, the air tightness of the system is poor, otherwise, the air tightness of the system is good.
The third embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a method for testing the performance of a three-cylinder two-stage variable capacity compressor includes designing a fault detection algorithm according to the working conditions of a normal compressor and various types of fault compressors in a system pipeline, recording and judging whether the working conditions of the compressors in different modes are in a normal process, detecting the faults of the compressors by comparing the operating conditions of the compressors in different modes, realizing quantitative judgment of the testing method, and facilitating operators to know and judge the working conditions of the compressors more intuitively.
The test method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a three-cylinder two-stage variable capacity compressor performance testing system, closing an air suction valve 12 of an air suction channel 10, a pressure release valve 23 and a high pressure valve 28 of an exhaust channel 20, a pressure release valve 33 of a control channel 30 and an enthalpy increasing valve 42 of an enthalpy increasing channel 40, opening an air make-up valve 15 of the air suction channel 10, an exhaust valve 25 and a low pressure valve 26 of the exhaust channel 20 and a channel valve 32 of the control channel 30, performing a pressure increase test on the compressor, recording pressure increase time after reaching preset pressure, and comparing the pressure increase time with preset standard time to obtain a compression capacity test result of the compressor;
s2, opening a low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel and closing a high-pressure branch pipeline to adjust the air pressure of the control channel, so that the test switching mechanism enables the compressor to enter a first double-cylinder mode, recording the working condition and comparing and judging the working condition with a preset standard working condition after the working condition is stable, and obtaining a first judgment result;
specifically, after the boosting action is completed, the suction valve 12 of the suction channel 10 is opened, the gulp valve 15 of the suction channel is closed, and at this time, the low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel 20 and the control channel are in a connected state, so that the variable-volume pin and the lower slider of the test switching structure configured in the lower cylinder are in a locked state by the air pressure of the control channel, enter a first double-cylinder mode, and when the working condition is stable, the working condition is recorded and compared and judged with a preset standard working condition, and at least the following first judgment result is included:
if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is greater than the preset standard working condition, the upper cylinder fails or the middle cylinder fog does not have a slip sheet; and if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is smaller than the preset standard working condition, the middle cylinder fails.
S3, opening a high-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel and closing a low-pressure branch pipeline to adjust the air pressure of the control channel, so that the test switching mechanism enables the compressor to enter a three-cylinder mode, recording the working condition and comparing and judging the working condition with a preset standard working condition after the working condition is stable, and obtaining a second judgment result;
specifically, under the stable operating mode of the first double-cylinder mode, the high-pressure valve 28 of the high-pressure branch pipeline is opened and the low-pressure valve 26 of the low-pressure branch pipeline is closed, so that the variable-volume pin and the lower slider of the test switching structure configured in the lower cylinder are unlocked by the air pressure of the control channel, enter the three-cylinder mode, and when the operating mode is stable, the operating mode is recorded and is compared and judged with the preset standard operating mode, and the method at least comprises the following second judgment results:
if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is greater than the preset standard working condition, the upper cylinder fails or the middle cylinder fog does not have a slip sheet; and if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is smaller than the preset standard working condition, the middle cylinder fails.
And S4, opening a low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel and closing a high-pressure branch pipeline to adjust the air pressure of the control channel, so that the test switching mechanism enables the compressor to enter a second double-cylinder mode, recording the working condition after the working condition is stable, stopping the operation of the compressor, and performing countercurrent test judgment to obtain a third judgment result.
Specifically, under the stable operating mode of three jars mode, open low-pressure valve 26 of low pressure branch pipeline and close high-pressure valve 28 of high pressure branch pipeline to the varactor pin and the lower slider that make the configuration switch the structure at the test of lower jar are in the lock-up state by the atmospheric pressure of control channel, get into the two jars of second mode, treat that the operating mode is stable, the record operating mode and with the contrast judgement of predetermined standard operating mode, include following first judgement result at least:
if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is greater than the preset standard working condition, the upper cylinder fails or the middle cylinder fog does not have a slip sheet; and if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is smaller than the preset standard working condition, the middle cylinder fails.
S5, under the stable condition of the second dual-cylinder mode, the compressor stops operating, the self-checking circulation channel 50 is used to connect the suction channel 10 and the discharge channel 20 to form an internal circulation for detecting the system airtightness, and a reverse flow test is performed to obtain a fourth determination result, which at least includes: if the reverse flow pressure is larger than the preset reverse flow pressure value, air leaks from the enthalpy increasing channel and/or the air suction channel.
S6, comparing the stable operating condition recorded in the first two-cylinder mode with the stable operating condition recorded in the three-cylinder mode to obtain a fifth determination result, which at least includes: and if the working conditions are basically consistent, the control channel is blocked.
S7, comparing the stable operating condition recorded in the three-cylinder mode with the stable operating condition recorded in the second two-cylinder mode to obtain a sixth determination result, which at least includes: and if the working conditions are basically consistent, at least one of the lower cylinder, the variable-capacity pin and the elastic part of the variable-capacity pin fails.
The above disclosure is intended to be illustrative of one or more of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, which is equivalent or conventional to one skilled in the art and which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. A test switching mechanism disposed on at least one cylinder block of the compressor, comprising:
the lower slide piece is reversely installed, one side surface with a pin groove is abutted with a lower partition plate of a cylinder body, one end parts of the left end part and the right end part are positioned in the air suction channel, and the other end parts are positioned in the control channel;
the variable-capacity pin is provided with an elastic piece arranged at the tail part and a convex cylinder arranged at the head part, the top surface of the convex cylinder is abutted to the other side surface of the lower sliding sheet far away from the side surface of the pin groove by the acting force of the elastic piece, the tail part of the variable-capacity pin is positioned in the air suction channel, and the head part of the variable-capacity pin is positioned in the control channel.
2. The test switching mechanism of claim 1, wherein:
the head of the variable-volume pin is communicated with a control channel of a test system, so that the air pressure of the control channel generates a first acting force F towards the tail on the variable-volume pin1；
The tail part of the variable-volume pin is communicated with an air suction channel of a test system, so that air pressure of the air suction channel generates a second acting force F in the direction opposite to the first acting force on the variable-volume pin2；
The first acting force and the second acting force are adjusted by controlling the air pressure of the air suction channel and the air pressure of the control channel, so that the variable-volume pin slides in the acting force direction.
3. The test switching mechanism of claim 1, wherein:
one end part of the lower sliding sheet is communicated with a suction channel of the test system, so that the air pressure of the suction channel generates a third acting force F towards the other end part of the lower sliding sheet3In the direction of the third acting force, the lower sliding sheet is also subjected to a fourth acting force F generated by abutting friction with the variable-volume pin4；
The other end of the lower sliding sheet is communicated with a control channel of the test system, so that the air pressure of the control channel generates a fifth acting force F in the direction opposite to the third acting force on the lower sliding sheet5；
And adjusting the third acting force, the fourth acting force and the fifth acting force by controlling the air pressure of the air suction channel and the air pressure of the control channel so as to enable the lower sliding sheet to slide in the direction of the acting force.
4. The application of the test switching mechanism is characterized in that: configuring the test switching mechanism of claim 2 or 3 on a lower cylinder of the three-cylinder two-stage variable displacement compressor;
when the variable-capacity pin and the lower slide are subjected to the air pressure p of the control channel1Pressure p of suction channel2The air pressure difference delta p is larger than 0.15MPa, the variable-capacity pin slides in the direction away from the lower sliding sheet and unlocks the lower sliding sheet, and the compressor operates in three cylinders;
when the variable-capacity pin and the lower slide are subjected to the air pressure p of the control channel1Pressure p of suction channel2The air pressure difference delta p is less than 0.15MPa, the variable-capacity pin slides towards the direction of the lower sliding sheet and clamps the lower sliding sheet, the compressor operates in double cylinders, and under the working condition that the compressor operates in double cylinders, the lower sliding sheet is subjected to a fifth acting force F for controlling the air pressure of the channel5Third force F > suction channel air pressure3Fourth force F of sliding friction with positive-displacement pin4。
5. Use of a test switching mechanism according to claim 4, wherein: the calculation model of the control channel air pressure comprises: a double-cylinder mode:
three-cylinder mode: p is a radical of2+0.15＜p1；
Where μ is the coefficient of sliding friction.
6. A test system for a test switching mechanism, comprising the test switching mechanism of any one of claims 1-3, further comprising:
the air suction channel is connected with an air suction end of the compressor;
the exhaust channel is connected with the exhaust end of the compressor and comprises a high-pressure branch pipeline and a low-pressure branch pipeline;
the control channel is connected with the control end of the compressor, and a high-pressure branch pipeline and a low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel are respectively connected into the control channel through channel valves;
and the enthalpy increasing channel is connected with the enthalpy increasing end of the compressor.
7. The system of claim 6, comprising:
the air suction end is connected with an air suction pressure transmitter through an air pipe and then is divided into two pipelines, one pipeline is sequentially connected with an air suction valve and a pressure reducing valve, and the other pipeline is sequentially connected with a check valve, an air supplementing valve, a filtering pressure reducing valve and a filtering oil removing air storage tank;
the exhaust end of the exhaust channel is sequentially connected with an exhaust pressure transmitter, a pressure protector, a pressure release valve, an oil separator and an exhaust valve through an air pipe, the exhaust channel also comprises a low-pressure branch pipeline and a high-pressure branch pipeline after passing through the pressure release valve, the low-pressure branch pipeline is connected into the control channel through a low-pressure valve and a pressure release valve, and the high-pressure branch pipeline is connected into the control channel through a high-pressure valve;
the control channel is used for controlling air pressure so as to control the air pressure to generate acting force on the test switching mechanism, the control end is connected with the high-pressure branch pipeline and the low-pressure branch pipeline after being connected with the channel valve through an air pipe, and a pressure relief valve is arranged at the connection part and connected into the air suction channel;
the enthalpy increasing channel is used for increasing enthalpy, the enthalpy increasing end is sequentially connected with an enthalpy increasing pressure transmitter, an enthalpy increasing valve and an exhaust cleaner through an air pipe, and the exhaust channel is provided with a pipeline which is connected into the exhaust cleaner through an unloading valve after passing through the exhaust pressure transmitter.
8. The test system of claim 6 or 7, further comprising:
and the self-checking circulation channel is used for butting the air suction channel and the exhaust channel to form internal circulation for detecting the air tightness of the system, and the exhaust valve condenser of the exhaust channel and the system pressure transmitter are connected with the pressure reducing valve of the air suction channel.
9. A test method for testing a switching mechanism is characterized by comprising the following steps:
activating a test system of a test switching mechanism of any one of claims 6-8;
performing boosting action through the air suction channel, and recording boosting time after the preset pressure is reached;
opening a low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel and closing a high-pressure branch pipeline to adjust the air pressure of the control channel, so that the compressor enters a first double-cylinder mode by the test switching mechanism, recording the working condition and comparing and judging the working condition with a preset standard working condition after the working condition is stable, and obtaining a first judgment result;
opening a high-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel and closing a low-pressure branch pipeline to adjust the air pressure of the control channel, so that the compressor enters a three-cylinder mode by the test switching mechanism, recording the working condition and comparing and judging the working condition with a preset standard working condition after the working condition is stable, and obtaining a second judgment result;
and opening a low-pressure branch pipeline of the exhaust channel and closing a high-pressure branch pipeline to adjust the air pressure of the control channel, so that the test switching mechanism enables the compressor to enter a second double-cylinder mode, recording the working condition after the working condition is stable, stopping the compressor, and performing countercurrent test judgment to obtain a third judgment result.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of:
the testing system is started, the air suction valve of the air suction channel, the pressure release valve of the exhaust channel, the high-pressure valve of the exhaust channel, the pressure release valve of the control channel and the enthalpy increasing valve of the enthalpy increasing channel are closed, the air supplementing valve of the air suction channel, the exhaust valve of the exhaust channel, the low-pressure valve of the exhaust channel and the channel valve of the control channel are opened, the compressor performs a boosting test, boosting time is recorded after preset pressure is reached, and the compression capacity testing result of the compressor is obtained by comparing with preset standard time.
11. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of:
after the boosting action is completed, an air suction valve of an air suction channel is opened, an air compensating valve of the air suction channel is closed, at the moment, a low-pressure branch pipeline of an exhaust channel and a control channel are in a switch-on state, so that a variable-volume pin and a lower slide plate which are configured on a test switching structure of a lower cylinder are in a locking state by the air pressure of the control channel, a first double-cylinder mode is entered, the working condition is stable, the working condition is recorded and is compared and judged with a preset standard working condition, and at least the following first judgment result is included:
if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is greater than the preset standard working condition, the upper cylinder fails or the middle cylinder fog does not have a slip sheet;
and if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is smaller than the preset standard working condition, the middle cylinder fails.
12. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of:
under the stable operating mode of first pair jar mode, open the high-pressure valve of high pressure branch pipeline and close the low-pressure valve of low pressure branch pipeline to make the configuration at the test switching structure's of lower cylinder varactor pin and lower slider receive the atmospheric pressure unblock state of control channel, get into three jar modes, treat that the operating mode is stable, the record operating mode and with the contrast judgement of predetermined standard operating mode, include following second judgement result at least:
if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is greater than the preset standard working condition, the upper cylinder fails or the middle cylinder fog does not have a slip sheet;
and if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is smaller than the preset standard working condition, the middle cylinder fails.
13. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of:
under the stable operating mode of three jars of modes, open the low-pressure valve of low pressure branch pipeline and close the high-pressure valve of high pressure branch pipeline to make the configuration switch the variable volume pin of structure and the air pressure that the lower slider controlled the passageway under the test of jar be in the lock-up state, get into the two jars of second mode, treat that the operating mode is stable, the recording operating mode and with the contrast of predetermined standard operating mode judge, include following third judgement result at least:
if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is greater than the preset standard working condition, the upper cylinder fails or the middle cylinder fog does not have a slip sheet;
and if the pressure of the enthalpy-increasing channel is smaller than the preset standard working condition, the middle cylinder fails.
14. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of:
under the stable operating mode of second double-cylinder mode, the compressor stall, utilize self-checking circulation channel with the suction channel forms the inner loop with exhaust passage butt joint and is used for detecting system gas tightness, makes the test judgement against the current, obtains the fourth judgement result, includes at least: if the reverse flow pressure is larger than the preset reverse flow pressure value, air leaks from the enthalpy increasing channel and/or the air suction channel.
15. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of:
the stable working condition recorded in the first double-cylinder mode is compared with the stable working condition recorded in the third cylinder mode to obtain a fifth judgment result, which at least comprises: and if the working conditions are basically consistent, the control channel is blocked.
16. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of:
the stable working condition recorded in the three-cylinder mode is compared with the stable working condition recorded in the second two-cylinder mode to obtain a sixth judgment result, which at least comprises the following steps: and if the working conditions are basically consistent, at least one of the lower cylinder, the variable-capacity pin and the elastic part of the variable-capacity pin fails.
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| CN114352515A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-15 | 珠海凌达压缩机有限公司 | Compression test equipment and method |
| CN114352515B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2023-11-10 | 珠海凌达压缩机有限公司 | Compression test equipment and method |
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