CN113622875B - Natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device and experimental method - Google Patents

Natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device and experimental method Download PDF

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CN113622875B
CN113622875B CN202110936071.2A CN202110936071A CN113622875B CN 113622875 B CN113622875 B CN 113622875B CN 202110936071 A CN202110936071 A CN 202110936071A CN 113622875 B CN113622875 B CN 113622875B
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box body
tube
simulation
jet
recovery
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CN113622875A (en
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杨浦
方小宇
陆江
马晓龙
夏冬青
刘洪刚
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Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhanjiang
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Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhanjiang
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/01Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B25/00Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/70Combining sequestration of CO2 and exploitation of hydrocarbons by injecting CO2 or carbonated water in oil wells

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  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device and an experimental method. According to the invention, the scene of jet flow crushing in the mining cavity is simulated by the sealing box body, and the inner wall of the mining cavity is simulated by adopting the simulation pipe, so that the influence of the flow field on the inner wall of the mining cavity during jet flow crushing is simulated. The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization simulation devices.

Description

Natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device and experimental method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device and an experimental method in the technical field of natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization simulation devices.
Background
Natural gas hydrates, also known as combustible ice, are ice-like crystalline substances formed by natural gas and water under conditions of high pressure and low temperature, and are distributed in deep sea or land permanent frozen soil. The combustion of the energy source generates only a small amount of carbon dioxide and water, the pollution is far less than that of coal, petroleum and the like, and the reserve is huge, so the energy source is a clean energy source with great development prospect. Among the methods for exploiting natural gas hydrates, solid-state fluidization exploitation is one of the most likely methods for achieving commercial exploitation of the hydrates, which utilizes a high-pressure submerged water jet technology to perform in-situ jet disruption operation on a sediment layer of the hydrate, so that the sediment layer of the hydrate is locally fluidized, and then is collected by a suction device to achieve the process of exploiting the natural gas hydrates.
Before exploitation, the exploitation drill bit drills into the sediment layer containing hydrate, a well hole is formed in the sediment layer, a jet flow device is started in the well hole to break the jet flow of the hydrate layer and form a mining cavity, and the hydrate is absorbed by a recovery device and conveyed to a mining ship after broken by the high-pressure jet flow, so that the mining work is completed. However, the structure of the mining cavity can also change along with the mining work, and according to the existing research, the distribution of the flow field in the mining cavity has important influence on the recovery rate of hydrate sediments and the stability of the well wall, and in particular, the influence of the multi-nozzle combined jet flow field on the internal environment of the mining cavity needs to be further researched. At present, most of existing solid-state fluidization simulation devices only simulate jet flow crushing and hydrate collection, and simulation analysis is carried out on the flow field in the mining cavity, so that the reduction degree of the underground multi-nozzle combined jet flow crushing mining environment is insufficient, and the requirement of further research cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device and an experimental method, which can simulate flow field distribution under actual jet mining working conditions.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device, including a flow field simulation device, the flow field simulation device includes a seal box, a simulation tube, a jet tube and a recovery tube, a first end of the jet tube and a first end of the recovery tube are respectively inserted into the seal box, the first end of the jet tube is provided with a jet hole, the first end of the recovery tube is provided with a recovery hole, the jet tube is used for guiding jet fluid to enter the seal box, the recovery tube is used for guiding mixed fluid to leave the seal box, the simulation tube is installed in the seal box, and the jet hole and the recovery hole are both located in the simulation tube.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, further, the natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device further includes a mixing device, a booster pump and a self-priming pump, wherein the mixing device is used for mixing solid phase particles with liquid phase, two ends of the booster pump are respectively connected to the mixing device and the second end of the jet pipe, and two ends of the self-priming pump are respectively connected to the second end of the recovery pipe and the mixing device.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, further, the seal box includes a seal box body and an end cap detachably connected to one end of the seal box body, and the dummy tube is removable from the seal box.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, further, the number of the jet holes and the number of the recovery holes are two or more.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the analog tube is further provided with a first pressure detection device.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, further, a weight sensor is disposed at the bottom of the sealed case.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, further, the internal space of the dummy pipe is in communication with the internal space of the sealed box, and the sealed box is provided with an overflow valve.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, further, the sealing case is provided with a second pressure detecting device.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, further, the sealed box and the analog tube are made of transparent materials.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an experimental method based on any one of the above natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization extraction cavity flow field simulation devices, comprising:
s1, manufacturing the simulation tube, and determining positions of the jet holes and the recovery holes in the sealing box body, and arrangement modes, geometric shapes and numbers of the jet holes and the recovery holes;
s2, arranging a first pressure detection device on the inner wall of the simulation tube;
s3, mounting the simulation tube, the jet tube and the recovery tube to the sealing box body, sealing the end face of the sealing box body, filling water into the sealing box body to fill the inner space of the sealing box body, and checking the tightness of the sealing box body;
s4, starting the mixing device to obtain a solid-liquid phase mixture;
s5, starting the booster pump and the self-priming pump, forming a flow field in the sealed box body, and recording experimental data;
s6, obtaining the change rate of the weight of the sealed box body along with time according to the real-time weight value of the weight sensor, so as to calculate the deposition rate of solid-phase particles in the sealed box body, and further adjusting the mixing proportion of the mixing device and the output power of the booster pump;
s7, changing at least one of the roughness, the geometric shape, the geometric dimension of the inner surface of the simulation pipe, the mixing proportion of the mixing device, the output power of the booster pump, the positions, the number and the size of the jet holes and the recovery holes and the overflow critical value of the overflow valve, and repeating the steps S1 to S6.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the scene of jet flow crushing in the mining cavity is simulated by the sealing box body, and the inner wall of the mining cavity is simulated by adopting the simulation pipe, so that the influence of the flow field on the inner wall of the mining cavity during jet flow crushing is simulated.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings described are only some embodiments of the invention, but not all embodiments, and that other designs and drawings can be obtained from these drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes a flow field simulation device, the flow field simulation device includes a sealed box 11, a simulation pipe 12, a jet pipe 13 and a recovery pipe 14, and a first end of the jet pipe 13 and a first end of the recovery pipe 14 are respectively inserted into the sealed box 11 to realize communication among the jet pipe 13, the sealed box 11 and the recovery pipe 14. A jet hole 131 is arranged at the first end of the jet pipe 13 and is used for simulating jet breaking of natural gas hydrate; the recovery pipe 14 is provided at a first end with a recovery hole 141 for simulating recovery of natural gas hydrate. Jet pipe 13 is used to direct the jet fluid into the sealed housing 11 and recovery pipe 14 is used to direct the mixed fluid out of the sealed housing 11. The inner wall of the simulation tube 12 is used for simulating the inner wall of the mining cavity, the simulation tube 12 is installed in the sealed box 11, the jet hole 131 and the recovery hole 141 are both positioned in the simulation tube 12, specifically, the simulation tube 12 can be designed into various geometric shapes, so that mining cavities with different structures can be simulated, and the universality of the simulation device is improved.
In some embodiments, the experimenter can fix the solid phase sample on the inner wall of the simulation tube 12, and by inputting high-pressure jet into the jet tube 13, the high-pressure jet is ejected from the jet hole 131, so that the crushing work of the solid phase sample can be realized, and the actual jet crushing working condition is simulated; the influence of the flow field on the inner wall of the simulation tube 12 is recorded, so that the influence of the flow field on the inner wall of the mining cavity is simulated.
In this embodiment, the natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device further comprises a mixing device, a booster pump and a self-priming pump, wherein the mixing device is used for mixing solid-phase particles with liquid phase and simulating a solid-liquid mixture generated when jet flow is broken. The input end of the booster pump is connected with the mixing device, and the output end of the booster pump is connected with the second end of the jet pipe 13 and is used for outputting the solid-liquid mixture to the flow field simulation device. The input of self priming pump is connected with the second end of recovery pipe 14, and the output is connected with the compounding device for in exporting the compounding device with the solid-liquid mixture, realize the recycle of solid-liquid mixture. Compared with the simulation mode of jet breaking of the solid phase sample in the sealed box 11, the method can avoid the disturbance of the solid phase sample on the flow field, and the disturbance degree of the solid phase sample on the flow field can be changed along with the change of the volume of the solid phase sample, so that the experimental result is uncontrollable, and the mode of mixing the solid phase sample and the liquid phase sample and inputting the mixed solid phase sample into the flow field simulation device is adopted.
Specifically, the mixing device comprises a feeder and a mixing tank, solid-phase particles are stored in the feeder, and when the concentration of the solid-phase particles needs to be increased, the feeder adds the solid-phase particles into the mixing tank, so that the concentration of the solid-phase particles is increased; the mixing tank is connected with the booster pump, and the mixture can be conveyed into the flow field simulation device through the booster pump after the mixing tank finishes mixing.
Further, the sealing box 11 includes a sealing box body 111 and end caps 112, the end caps 112 are detachably connected with one end of the sealing box body 111, optionally, the number of the end caps 112 is two, and the two end caps 112 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with two ends of the sealing box body 111. After the end cap 112 is opened, the dummy tube 12 can be taken out of the sealed case 11, thereby facilitating replacement of the dummy tube 12.
Further, the number of jet holes 131 and recovery holes 141 is more than two, so that the flow field situation of multi-nozzle combined jet break-up can be simulated.
Further, the dummy tube 12 is provided with first pressure detecting means for detecting the influence of the flow field. Preferably, the number of the first pressure detecting devices is plural and distributed uniformly on the inner wall of the simulation tube 12, so that the condition of the flow field can be simulated more comprehensively and accurately.
Further, a weight sensor is arranged at the bottom of the sealing box 11 and is used for detecting the deposition amount of solid particles in the sealing box 11, so that the deposition rate of the solid particles in the sealing box 11 is calculated, the mixing proportion of the solid and liquid phases in the mixing device and the output power of the booster pump can be adjusted, the concentration of the solid particles in the sealing box 11 is kept in a certain range, and the experimental result is prevented from being changed due to the concentration change of the solid particles. Optionally, the weight sensor can be electrically connected with the mixing device, the booster pump and the self-priming pump, so as to realize automatic adjustment of the concentration of solid-phase particles in the sealed box 11.
Further, the inner space of the simulation tube 12 is communicated with the inner space of the sealing box 11, the sealing box 11 is provided with an overflow valve for preventing the water pressure in the sealing box 11 from being too high, and the simulation tube can also be used for simulating the influence on multiphase flow fields and solid phase collection in the mining cavity when the well wall leakage occurs in the mining cavity, and the number of the overflow valves can be correspondingly increased or decreased according to the requirement.
Further, the sealing box 11 is provided with second pressure detection devices, the number of the second pressure detection devices can be increased or decreased according to requirements, and the second pressure detection devices are distributed on the inner surface of the sealing box 11 and are used for detecting the influence of overflow quantity on a flow field when the overflow valve is opened, so that the situation when the well wall leakage occurs in the mining cavity can be better simulated.
Further, the sealing box 11 and the simulation tube 12 are made of transparent materials, so that an experimenter or a visible light detection instrument can observe and detect an experimental process conveniently.
Based on the natural gas hydrate solid-state fluidization mining cavity flow field simulation device, the experimental method in the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing the simulation tube 12, enabling the roughness, the geometric shape and the geometric dimension of the inner wall of the simulation tube 12 to be close to the form of the mining cavity to be simulated, and improving the simulation precision. Determining the positions of the jet holes 131 and the recovery holes 141 in the sealed box 11, and the arrangement mode, the geometric shape and the number of the jet holes 131 and the recovery holes 141, so as to simulate the jet crushing form of the corresponding mining equipment;
s2, arranging a first pressure detection device on the inner wall of the simulation tube 12;
s3, mounting the simulation tube 12, the jet tube 13 and the recovery tube 14 to the sealed box 11, sealing the end face of the sealed box 11, filling water into the sealed box 11 to fill the inner space of the sealed box 11, checking the tightness of the sealed box 11, and preventing flow field disorder caused by leakage in the experimental process;
s4, starting a mixing device to obtain a solid-liquid phase mixture;
s5, starting a booster pump and a self-priming pump to enable a flow field to be formed in the sealed box 11, and recording experimental data of the first pressure detection device;
s6, obtaining the change rate of the weight of the sealed box 11 along with time according to the real-time weight value of the weight sensor, so as to calculate the deposition rate of solid-phase particles in the sealed box 11, and further adjust the mixing proportion of the mixing device and the output power of the booster pump, and keep the concentration of the solid-phase particles in the sealed box 11 in a set range;
s7, changing at least one of the roughness, the geometric shape, the geometric dimension of the inner surface of the simulation tube 12, the mixing proportion of the mixing device, the output power of the booster pump, the positions, the number and the sizes of the jet holes 131 and the recovery holes 141 and the overflow critical value of the overflow valve, and repeating the steps S1 to S6.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a natural gas hydrate solid state fluidization mining cavity flow field analogue means which characterized in that includes:
the flow field simulation device comprises a sealing box body (11), a simulation tube (12), a jet tube (13) and a recovery tube (14), wherein the first end of the jet tube (13) and the first end of the recovery tube (14) are respectively inserted into the sealing box body (11), the first end of the jet tube (13) is provided with a jet hole (131), the first end of the recovery tube (14) is provided with a recovery hole (141), the jet tube (13) is used for guiding jet fluid to enter the sealing box body (11), the recovery tube (14) is used for guiding mixed fluid to leave the sealing box body (11), the simulation tube (12) is installed in the sealing box body (11), the simulation tube (12) can be designed into various geometric shapes to simulate mining cavities with different structures, the jet hole (131) and the recovery hole (141) are all located in the simulation tube (12), the simulation tube (12) is provided with a first pressure detection device, and the bottom of the simulation tube (12) is provided with a sealing box body (11) is provided with a weight sensor; the inner space of the simulation pipe (12) is communicated with the inner space of the sealing box body (11), the sealing box body (11) is provided with an overflow valve, and the sealing box body (11) is provided with a second pressure detection device;
the mixing device is used for mixing solid-phase particles with liquid phase, two ends of the booster pump are respectively connected to the mixing device and the second end of the jet pipe (13), and two ends of the self-priming pump are respectively connected to the second end of the recovery pipe (14) and the mixing device.
2. The natural gas hydrate solid state fluidization extraction cavity flow field simulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the sealed box body (11) comprises a sealed box body (111) and an end cover (112), the end cover (112) is detachably connected with one end of the sealed box body (111), and the simulation tube (12) can be taken out from the sealed box body (11).
3. The natural gas hydrate solid state fluidization extraction cavity flow field simulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the jet holes (131) and the number of the recovery holes (141) are two or more.
4. The natural gas hydrate solid state fluidization extraction cavity flow field simulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the sealing box body (11) and the simulation tube (12) are made of transparent materials.
5. An experimental method based on a natural gas hydrate solid state fluidization extraction cavity flow field simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising:
s1, manufacturing the simulation tube (12), and determining positions of the jet holes (131) and the recovery holes (141) in the sealed box body (11), and arrangement modes, geometric shapes and numbers of the jet holes (131) and the recovery holes (141);
s2, arranging a first pressure detection device on the inner wall of the simulation tube (12);
s3, mounting the simulation tube (12), the jet tube (13) and the recovery tube (14) to the sealed box body (11), sealing the end face of the sealed box body (11), injecting water into the sealed box body (11) to fill the inner space of the sealed box body, and checking the tightness of the sealed box body (11);
s4, starting the mixing device to obtain a solid-liquid phase mixture;
s5, starting the booster pump and the self-priming pump, forming a flow field in the sealed box body (11), and recording experimental data;
s6, obtaining the change rate of the weight of the sealed box body (11) along with time according to the real-time weight value of the weight sensor, so as to calculate the deposition rate of solid-phase particles in the sealed box body (11), and further adjusting the mixing proportion of the mixing device and the output power of the booster pump;
s7, changing at least one of the roughness, the geometric shape, the geometric dimension of the inner surface of the simulation pipe (12), the mixing proportion of the mixing device, the output power of the booster pump, the positions, the number and the size of the jet holes (131) and the recovery holes (141) and the overflow critical value of the overflow valve, and repeating the steps S1 to S6.
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