CN113622822A - Dynamic pushing type vertical drilling tool for deviation correction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic pushing type automatic vertical well drilling tool, which comprises an upper joint 28, an outer cylinder 20, a hydraulic end shell 1, a positioning core pipe 19 and a weight bias 21, wherein the upper joint, the outer cylinder and the hydraulic end shell are sequentially arranged from top to bottom outside; the lower end of the positioning core tube 19 is connected with the semicircular tube; a plurality of through holes are formed in parallel on one side of the cylindrical surface of the middle part of the semicircular tube, which is opposite to the deflection block; the semicircular pipe is sleeved with a track cylinder which is fixed with the external hydraulic end shell into a whole, and three drilling fluid channels corresponding to the semicircular pipe through holes are arranged on the circumferential surface of the track cylinder at equal angular intervals; and plunger push plate mechanisms corresponding to each drilling fluid channel are respectively embedded in three notches in the circumferential direction of the hydraulic end shell. The invention changes the traditional radial distribution hydraulic power into axial distribution, thereby improving the pushing force; and according to the mechanical structure configuration that the weight piece dead weight and automatic steering, save the location and detect components and parts, the installation space of balancing weight reaches the maximize, and the ability of rectifying to one side is improved, and sealing performance is superior.

Description

Dynamic pushing type vertical drilling tool for deviation correction

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment and facilities for drilling construction, in particular to a dynamic leaning type automatic vertical drilling tool.

Background

At present, in the drilling construction of factory platforms of dense gas, shale gas and the like, a large borehole is straightened to prevent collision, a small borehole trajectory is controlled, and the comprehensive speed-up and efficiency-up goal is gradually promoted by optimizing the borehole trajectory. However, the vertical drilling tool for straightening and preventing the inclination of the upper large well bore is monopolized by foreign oil-well companies, the domestic development is seriously delayed, and the service price is higher.

The prior art equipment form of the vertical well is as follows: the drilling head, the dynamic push-pull type full-automatic vertical drilling tool, the straight screw drilling tool, the directional joint, the non-magnetic drill collar (a built-in MWD instrument), the drill string stabilizer, the drill collar and the drill rod are connected to a wellhead. Wherein, the part of the deviation rectifying function is the dynamic leaning type full-automatic vertical drilling tool. The working principle is as follows:

when rotating or composite drilling, the tool face control and stabilization mechanism utilizes gravity to automatically identify well deviation and the direction of the high side of the well bore. When the well deviation approaches or reaches 1 degree, the tool surface control and stabilization mechanism rotates the tool surface of the hydraulic guide mechanism to 180 degrees, namely the direction of the lower edge of the well hole. The high-pressure drilling fluid enters a high-side direction hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic guide mechanism, the push plate extends out to extrude the well wall and forces the drill bit to cut the low-side well wall laterally to be corrected, the high-pressure drilling fluid in the low-side direction hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic guide mechanism is discharged to the annular space of the well hole, the push plate is withdrawn, and the high-pressure drilling fluid rotates repeatedly and continuously cuts the low-side well wall of the well hole until the well deviation is controlled within 1 degree again.

The problems are that:

most of the devices in the prior art use the offset weights and are provided with inner cylinders specially provided with the offset weights, and because the inner diameter space of the well is limited, the radial size of the corresponding devices is also limited, so that the offset weights achieve the effect of correcting the deviation by increasing the weight of the offset weights to the maximum capacity, and the problem to be solved is urgently solved.

In addition, the hydraulic thrust mechanism for assisting the deviation rectifying operation in the prior art utilizes a radial distribution disc to dredge pressure liquid, but due to the limitation of radial size, a liquid through hole of the distribution disc cannot be too large, the pressure of the pressure liquid is not sufficiently applied, and the auxiliary deviation rectifying force is not enough.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention solves the problems of weak inclination correcting capability, poor sealing, nonadjustable plunger pressure, limited thrust of wing plates caused by the limitation of mounting structures of an upper disc valve and a lower disc valve, and the like in the existing equipment, and particularly solves the problem of insufficient weight due to the limitation of radial and axial sizes of a weight bias.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a dynamic pushing type automatic vertical drilling tool, which comprises an upper joint located at the outside, an outer cylinder screwed with the upper joint by internal threads, a hydraulic end shell screwed with the outer cylinder by external threads, a positioning core pipe located at the inside, and a weight block fixedly connected to one side of the outside of the positioning core pipe to realize deviation correction.

Wherein, one side of the positioning core pipe positioned at the hydraulic end shell extends to form a section of arc-shaped plate, and the arc-shaped plate is connected with the arc-shaped gap at the end side of the semi-circular pipe in an inserting way (similar to key connection); a plurality of through holes are formed in parallel on one side of the cylindrical surface of the middle part of the semicircular pipe, which is opposite to the deflection block; the semicircular pipe is sleeved with a track cylinder which is fixedly integrated with the external hydraulic end shell, and three drilling fluid channels corresponding to the semicircular pipe through holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the track cylinder at equal angular intervals; three notches in the circumferential direction of the hydraulic end shell are respectively embedded with a plunger cylinder seat corresponding to each drilling fluid channel; each plunger cylinder seat is provided with a plunger through a plurality of plunger holes; a strip-shaped wing plate is arranged at the position of the plunger corresponding to each plunger cylinder seat, the two ends of the wing plate in the length direction are respectively bent to form step surfaces for radial pressing of a spring, and the outer side of the spring is fixed by an arc-shaped pressing plate fixed at the notch of the hydraulic end shell; the pressing plate is provided with a strip-shaped hole for the strip-shaped section in the middle of the wing plate to enter and exit.

Preferably, at least one plunger in each plunger cylinder seat is provided with a pressure relief hole, and a C-shaped pressure relief channel communicated with the pressure relief hole and communicated with the outside is reserved in the wing plate. In addition, the contact surface of the wing plate and the well wall is an arc surface, and a plurality of alloy columns are embedded on the arc surface at intervals.

In a preferable mode, the upper end of the positioning core pipe is sleeved with an upper sealing sleeve, and the upper sealing sleeve is provided with an upper sealing seat fixed on the upper joint countersunk hole in a relative sliding mode; the lower part of the positioning core pipe is sleeved with a lower sealing sleeve; the lower sealing sleeve is provided with a lower sealing seat fixed in the inner opening of the hydraulic end shell in a relative sliding mode; the outer part of the positioning core pipe is positioned between the upper sealing sleeve and the lower sealing sleeve, and both ends of the positioning core pipe are sleeved with a bias plate in a key connection mode respectively; the eccentric weight disc is arranged in an eccentric weight support counter bore on the outer side in the axial direction, and rolling bodies or bearings are arranged on the end face and the outer circumferential surface respectively to realize the relative motion of rolling friction between the eccentric weight disc and the eccentric weight support; a rolling body is arranged between the upper end surface of the upper deflection support and the lower end surface of the upper joint to realize the relative motion of rolling friction; rolling bodies are arranged between the outer circumferential surfaces of the eccentric weight supports and the outer cylinder respectively at the upper part and the lower part to realize the relative motion of rolling friction; a rolling body is arranged between the lower end surface of the lower deflection support and the upper end surface of the hydraulic end shell 1 to realize the relative motion of rolling friction; in the axial direction and the radial direction, the upper sealing sleeve and the upper sealing seat are provided with sealing elements, and the lower sealing sleeve and the lower sealing seat are provided with sealing elements, so that the upper group of the eccentric weight disc and the lower group of the eccentric weight support are respectively positioned in a sealed space; the upper and lower two of the deflection plates are fixed with the deflection blocks with arc-shaped end surfaces through bolts.

In addition, a gap is formed between the weight and the outer cylinder. The rolling bodies are bearings or spherical rolling bodies arranged at intervals or cylindrical rolling bodies arranged at intervals. The hydraulic end shell is characterized in that an internal thread connection cavity used for being connected with a drill bit is formed in the lower end of the hydraulic end shell, and a nozzle which is screwed inside the track seat is arranged at the upper port of the connection cavity.

The invention relates to a dynamic pushing type automatic vertical well drilling tool which comprises an upper joint, a hollow cylindrical outer barrel and a hydraulic end shell, wherein the upper end of the upper joint is in a hollow frustum cylindrical shape, the upper joint gradually extends downwards to form a hollow cylindrical shape, the hollow cylindrical outer barrel is screwed outside the cylindrical end of the upper joint and extends downwards, and the hydraulic end shell is screwed inside the lower end of the outer barrel, and the downward extending section of the hydraulic end shell is in a hollow cylindrical shape. A positioning core pipe penetrates through the middle part of the outer barrel, and the upper end of the positioning core pipe is connected in an upper sealing seat inside the lower end of the upper joint in a sliding manner through an upper sealing sleeve; the lower end of the positioning core pipe penetrates through a lower sealing sleeve sleeved in the lower sealing seat and is connected and fixed to continue to downwards form an extension end; the lower sealing seat is screwed and embedded in the upper end of the hydraulic end shell.

The dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool further comprises: the hydraulic end shell comprises a mechanical type unbalanced mechanism and a hydraulic guide mechanism, wherein the mechanical type unbalanced mechanism is positioned in a circular cylindrical space formed by enclosing the upper joint, the outer barrel, the positioning core pipe and the hydraulic end shell, and the hydraulic guide mechanism is arranged at the middle section of the hydraulic end shell.

The mechanical unbalance weight mechanism comprises: the eccentric weight supports are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the circular cylindrical space and roll relative to the inner wall of the outer barrel, the eccentric weight plates are arranged in the circular cylindrical grooves of the eccentric weight supports in a rolling mode and face the direction of the positioning core pipe, and the eccentric weight blocks are fixed between the two eccentric weight plates through positioning bolts; the eccentric weight plate is circumferentially and fixedly connected with a key which is arranged at the upper end of the lower sealing sleeve in a protruding manner through a key groove which is formed in the eccentric weight plate in the circumferential direction;

the hydraulic guide mechanism includes: the upper end with location core pipe extension end pin key-type connection and lateral wall are along partly sunken to the middle part of annular after again along the semicircle pipe, the grinding nestification that has seted up the several through-hole of radial interval outside the semicircle pipe and seted up track jar, the joint of long and narrow form drilling fluid passageway respectively in circumference trisection line department are in hydraulic pressure end casing inner wall hypomere reducing boss department just is used for supporting track seat, the three of track jar set up respectively the long logical inslot portion of hydraulic pressure end casing trisection line department and the plunger through-hole quantity that vertically setes up with plunger jar seat, three groups that lateral wall through-hole quantity equals set up respectively each plunger in the plunger jar seat plunger through-hole to and three pass through the device is pushed away by what the plunger outwards released.

The radial direction of the plurality of through holes of the semicircular pipe is opposite to the position of the weight block.

The sidewall contact device comprises: the plunger cylinder seat is provided with a plunger, a wing plate which is arranged on the outer side of the plunger cylinder seat and is pushed out outwards through the plunger, springs which are symmetrically arranged in pairs in spring pits which are formed in two ends of the wing plate and extend backwards and are arranged on the outward-turned folding surface, and a pressing plate which is provided with a channel allowing the plate surface of the wing plate to pass through in the middle and is fixed on the long through groove of the hydraulic end shell through bolts and used for limiting the wing plate and the springs.

Considering that the lower part of the dynamic pushing type automatic vertical drilling tool is tightly connected with a drilling bit for drilling, preferably, the lower end of the hydraulic end shell is provided with an internal thread connecting cavity for connecting the drilling bit, and the upper port of the connecting cavity is provided with a nozzle screwed inside the track seat.

In order to meet the sealing requirements of the dynamic pushing type automatic vertical drilling tool system, preferably, the contact positions of the upper sealing sleeve and the positioning core pipe, and the contact positions of the upper sealing seat and the upper joint are in sealing connection.

Preferably, the hydraulic end housing is hermetically connected with the upper end and the lower end of the rail seat, the rail seat and the contact part of the plunger cylinder seat, and each plunger cylinder seat is hermetically connected with the plunger.

Preferably, each plunger cylinder seat is connected with the plunger in a sealing mode.

In the drilling process, the pressure of the drilling fluid needs to be adjusted at any time to keep the drilling fluid constant, preferably, one of the plungers in each group is provided with a pressure relief hole, and a C-shaped pressure relief channel communicated with the pressure relief hole is formed in the wing plate.

Preferably, the lower sealing sleeve is fixedly connected with the positioning core tube through a set screw.

The outer surface of the wing plate is in contact with the well wall in the well drilling process, and in order to prolong the service life of the wing plate, the contact surface of the wing plate and the well wall is preferably an arc surface, and a plurality of alloy columns are embedded on the arc surface at intervals.

The weight is held stationary relative to the outer barrel which rotates during drilling, and preferably the weight is spaced from the outer barrel to avoid friction therebetween.

According to the invention, the balancing weight which is arranged around the outer wall of the positioning core pipe in a rolling manner is directly arranged between the outer barrel and the positioning core pipe, the mounting space of the balancing weight is maximized, and the balancing weight has higher deflection correction capability.

According to the invention, the upper end and the lower end of the hydraulic end shell and the rail seat, the rail seat and the contact part of the plunger cylinder seat are hermetically connected, and the position between each plunger cylinder seat and the plunger is hermetically connected without drilling fluid leakage 0.

When the drilling tool rotates, the high-speed drilling fluid pushes the hydraulic guide mechanism to incline the high edge of the well wall to apply pressure, and the hydraulic guide mechanism is not subjected to the radial pressure of the high-speed drilling fluid flow in the process. The plunger hole for pressure regulation is arranged on the plunger, so that the required pressure drop can be actively regulated.

The pushing device can automatically adjust the pushing height according to the working condition, and has a large adjusting range and a good deviation rectifying effect. The invention relates to a dynamic push type full-automatic vertical drilling tool, which belongs to a full-mechanical tool, achieves the purpose of full-automatic vertical drilling by utilizing the drilling hydraulic pressure difference, and has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation and high cost performance. Specifically, the present invention has the following effects:

1. the gravity type tool face control and stabilization mechanism has the advantages that well deviation is rapidly identified, deviation correction is automatic and reliable, and the use of well deviation of a well section is ensured to be controlled within 1 degree all the time.

2. The dynamic pushing type hydraulic guide mechanism uses well section rotation or composite deviation correction drilling, is beneficial to sand carrying and well hole purification, and ensures underground safety.

3. The tool is connected between the drill bit and the straight screw drilling tool, so that the composite drilling and the speed-increasing effect are both considered within the scope of meeting the well deviation control, and the drilling cost is reduced.

4. The full mechanical structure, no electronic device, the supporting current MWD instrument, operation and easy maintenance, the sexual valence relative altitude is fit for popularizing and applying on a large scale.

5. The eccentric weight is directly arranged in the outer cylinder, a supporting cylinder is not required to be additionally arranged, and the rolling assemblies are additionally arranged at the two ends, so that the problem that the weight of the eccentric weight is insufficient due to the limitation of radial and axial dimensions is solved.

6. The thrust of the pushing device is improved.

In a word, the invention is a mechanical structure configuration which automatically turns according to the dead weight of the weight block, a positioning detection component is omitted, the installation space of the weight block reaches the maximization, the deviation correction capability is improved, the sealing performance is excellent, the problem of pressing and holding of high-speed drilling fluid on equipment is avoided, and the required pressure drop is actively adjusted. The thrust adjusting range is large, and the deviation rectifying effect is good.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall assembly view of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention in a middle position of a hydraulic end housing.

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal half-section of a hydraulic end housing of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural schematic of a hydraulic end housing of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a long through groove at a trisection line of a hydraulic end housing of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a half-section of a nozzle of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a half-section of a rail seat of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a spring configuration for a dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool having a pressure relief hole plunger according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a non-vented plunger of a dynamic push-against automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a plunger cylinder block of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of a plunger cylinder block of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a plunger cylinder block of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic front view in full section of a wing of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic top view of a wing of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic side sectional view of a wing of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic front view of a semi-cross section of a semi-circular tube of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view at a-a of fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view at B-B of fig. 17.

FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a pad of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a schematic top view of a pad of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a side sectional view of a pressure plate of the dynamic push automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a schematic front view of a half-section of a rail cylinder of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of a rail cylinder of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a front view, semi-sectional, schematic view of a lower seal retainer of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a schematic front view in half section of the lower seal cartridge of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural side view of a lower seal cartridge of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a schematic structural view of a positioning core tube of the dynamic pushing type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention in a front view and a half section.

FIG. 29 is a schematic structural view of a side view of a half section of a positioning core tube of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a schematic structural view of a front half section of an outer cylinder of the dynamic pushing type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a schematic front view in full section of a biasing block of the dynamic backup automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a side elevational view in full section of a biasing block of the dynamic backup automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a schematic side view of a biasing disk of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a front view, semi-section, schematic view of a biasing disc of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a schematic front view of a semi-section of a weighted pad of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 36 is a schematic front view in half section of the upper seal cartridge of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a front view, semi-sectional, schematic view of an upper seal retainer of the dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention.

Fig. 38 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper connector of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 39 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at X in fig. 1.

Fig. 40 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at Y in fig. 1.

Fig. 41 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at Z in fig. 1.

Wherein: 1. the hydraulic end comprises a hydraulic end shell, 2, a nozzle, 3, a track seat, 6, a spring, 7, a plunger, 9, a plunger cylinder seat, 10, a wing plate, 11, a semicircular pipe, 12 and a steel ball; 13. a pressure plate 14, a track cylinder 14.1 and a drilling fluid channel; 15. the device comprises a lower sealing seat, 17, a lower sealing sleeve, 18, a set screw, 19, a positioning core pipe, 20, an outer cylinder, 21, a deflection block, 22, a positioning bolt, 23, a deflection disc, 24, a deflection support, 25, an upper sealing sleeve, 27, an upper sealing seat, 28 and an upper joint; 4. 5, 8, 16 and 26 are sealing rings.

Detailed Description

The dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool shown in fig. 1-2 comprises an upper joint 28 with a hollow frustum cylindrical upper end and gradually extending downwards to form a hollow cylindrical shape, a hollow cylindrical outer cylinder 20 screwed outside the cylindrical end of the upper joint 28 and extending downwards, and a hydraulic end housing 1 screwed inside the lower end of the outer cylinder 20 and having a downward extending section in a hollow cylindrical shape. A positioning core tube 19 penetrates through the middle part of the outer cylinder 20, and the upper end of the positioning core tube 19 is slidably connected in an upper sealing seat 27 inside the lower end of the upper joint 28 through an upper sealing sleeve 25. The contact positions of the upper sealing sleeve 25, the positioning core tube 19 and the upper sealing seat 27 and the upper joint 28 are in sealing connection. The lower end of the positioning core tube 19 penetrates through a lower sealing sleeve 17 sleeved in the lower sealing seat 15 and is connected and fixed to continue to downwards form an extension end; the lower sealing seat 15 is screwed and embedded in the upper end of the hydraulic end shell 1.

The invention also includes: the mechanical weight bias mechanism is positioned in a circular cylindrical space enclosed by the upper joint 28, the outer cylinder 20, the positioning core tube 19 and the hydraulic end shell 1, and the hydraulic guide mechanism is arranged at the middle section of the hydraulic end shell 1. The lower end of the hydraulic end shell 1 is provided with an internal thread connection cavity for connecting a drill bit, and the upper port of the connection cavity is provided with a nozzle 2 which is screwed inside the track seat 3.

As shown in the upper half of fig. 1, the mechanical unbalance mechanism includes: the eccentric weight 21 is fixed between the eccentric weight plates 23 through positioning bolts 22, and comprises eccentric weight brackets 24 which are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the circular cylindrical space and roll relative to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 20, eccentric weight plates 23 which are roll-mounted in circular cylindrical grooves of the eccentric weight brackets 24 towards the direction of the positioning core pipe 19, and eccentric weights 21 which are fixed between the two eccentric weight plates 23. The eccentric weight plate 23 is circumferentially fixedly connected with a key which is arranged at the upper end of the lower sealing sleeve 17 in a protruding mode through a key groove which is formed in the eccentric weight plate in the circumferential direction. The lower sealing sleeve 17 is fixedly connected with the positioning core tube 19 through a set screw 18.

As shown in the lower half of fig. 1, the hydraulic guide mechanism includes:

including the upper end with the locating core pipe 19 extends end pin key-type connection and lateral wall along the hoop half recessed to the middle part after along radial interval seted up several through-hole half spool 11, grind nestedly in half spool 11 is outer and seted up long and narrow form drilling fluid passageway 14.1's track jar 14, joint respectively in circumference trisection line department is in 1 inner wall hypomere reducing boss department of hydraulic pressure end casing just is used for supporting track seat 3, the three of track jar 14 sets up respectively the long logical inslot portion of 1 trisection line department of hydraulic pressure end casing and the plunger through-hole quantity of vertically seting up with plunger cylinder seat 9, the three group that 11 lateral wall through-holes quantity equals set up respectively each plunger 7 in the plunger cylinder seat 9 plunger through-hole to and three passes through the device is pushed against that plunger 7 outwards released. The hydraulic end shell 1 is hermetically connected with the upper end and the lower end of the track seat 3, the track seat 3 and the contact part of the plunger cylinder seat 9, and each plunger cylinder seat 9 is hermetically connected with the plunger 7. And each plunger cylinder seat 9 is in sealing connection with the plunger 7. One of the plungers 7 in each group is provided with a pressure relief hole, and a C-shaped pressure relief channel communicated with the pressure relief hole is formed in the wing plate 10.

The radial direction of the through holes of the semicircular tube 11 is opposite to the position of the weight 21 (note that, in the drawings, for convenience, the openings of the weight and the semicircular tube are drawn on one side, and in actual conditions, the openings are opposite to each other). The offset weight 21 is spaced apart from the outer cylinder 20.

The pushing device comprises wing plates 10 which are arranged on the outer side of the plunger cylinder seat 9 and are pushed out through the plunger 7, springs 6 which are symmetrically arranged in pairs in spring pits formed in two ends of the wing plates 10, extend backwards and are opened towards the outward-turned folded surfaces, and pressing plates 13 which are provided with channels allowing the plate surfaces of the wing plates 10 to pass through in the middle and are fixed on the long through groove of the hydraulic end shell 1 through bolts and used for limiting the wing plates 10 and the springs 6. The contact surface of the wing plate 10 and the well wall is an arc surface, and a plurality of alloy columns are embedded on the arc surface at intervals.

The invention relates to a dynamic leaning type full-automatic vertical drilling tool which mainly comprises a hydraulic guide mechanism, a tool driving and stabilizing mechanism, an upper joint and the like. The semicircular pipe 11 and the positioning core pipe 19 can be fixedly connected through a pin key. In a preferred mode of the present invention, as shown in fig. 19 and 28 in combination with fig. 1, an arc-shaped plate 88 extends from one side of the positioning core tube 19 located at the hydraulic end housing 1, and the arc-shaped plate 88 is connected to an arc-shaped notch 89 at the end side of the semicircular tube 11 in an inserting manner, so that the semicircular tube 11 and the positioning core tube 19 have the same inner diameter.

The positioning core tube 19 is externally fixed with a lower sealing sleeve 17 through a set screw 18, the lower sealing sleeve 17 and a deflection disc 23 positioned at the lower end of the deflection block 21 are also fixedly connected through a pin key, the upper end of the positioning core tube 19 is embedded in the sealing sleeve 25, the above components are all kept in a static state in the drilling process of the drilling tool and rotate without being driven by the drilling tool, namely, the deflection block 21 is always positioned at the bottom edge position in the working process.

As shown in fig. 1, the portion that rotates following the driving of the drill includes: the upper joint 28, the upper sealing seat 27, the outer cylinder 20, the lower sealing sleeve 17, the hydraulic end housing 1, and the track cylinder 14, the track seat 3 and the pushing device in the hydraulic guide mechanism.

As shown in fig. 2, the pushing devices arranged on the hydraulic end housing 1 in three equal parts can continuously push against the high-position half side surface of the well wall. Specifically, when the hydraulic end shell 1 rotates, one drilling fluid channel 14.1 on the trisection line of the track cylinder 14 moves around the concave space of the half surface of the semicircular pipe 11, and a group of corresponding plungers 7 are pushed out of the wing plates 10 outwards in the process; when the drilling fluid channel 14.1 on the next adjacent trisection line rotates to the concave space on the half surface of the semicircular pipe 11, the corresponding next group of plungers 7 immediately pushes the next wing plate 10 outwards, and the operation is repeated circularly until the correction operation is finished.

The sealing connection can be realized by selecting conventional sealing modes such as a sealing ring, a mechanical seal and the like according to actual conditions.

Example (b):

automatic vertical well drilling tool design for well bore machinery

As shown in fig. 23 to 24, the rail cylinder 14 has the following structure:

the material is as follows: hard alloy; 14 circumference equipartitions of track jar 3 drilling fluid passageways 14.1, the upper and lower extreme outside of track jar 14 all opens the recess of installation sealing washer, installs 1 sealing washer in each recess, totally 2.

As shown in fig. 17 to 19, the semicircular tube 11 has the following structure:

the sealing section, the liquid supply section, the sealing section and the guide section are respectively arranged from the left to the right gradually. The material is as follows: hard alloy; the contact surfaces of the semicircular pipe 11 and the track cylinder 14 are matched and ground, and are sealed and pressure-bearing; wherein the liquid supply section is along the inside sunken semicircle arc shape of circumference, sunken side is placed in the middle and processes 4 round holes that communicate with the mesopore respectively along the axial, establishes equidistant interval each other between 4 round holes. The root of the guide section is provided with a steel ball 12; the top of the guide section is longitudinally provided with a guide groove and is opposite to the four round holes.

As shown in fig. 7, the track base 3 has the following structure:

the outer part is in a step shape with the diameter decreasing from big to small from left to right, and the inner part is provided with a middle hole in a penetrating way. A steel ball groove is processed on the end surface of the right side of the track seat 3, and a steel ball 12 is arranged in the steel ball groove; the bottom external mounting when track seat 3 is installed has 1 sealing washer.

As shown in FIG. 6, the nozzle 2 has the following structure: hard alloy; the top is provided with an inner chamfer; the bottom open slots are symmetrically distributed; in different areas, the density and the discharge capacity of the drilling fluid are different, the inner diameter D of the nozzle is different, and the pressure drop of the nozzle is different.

As shown in fig. 28 to 29, the positioning core tube 19 has the following structure: and a guide key is processed at the connecting end of the positioning core tube 19 and the semicircular tube 11, and a guide pit is processed at the same side of the middle part of the positioning core tube 19 and the guide key.

As shown in fig. 26 to 27, the lower sealing sleeve 17 has the following structure:

the outer part of the lower sealing sleeve 17 is in a step shape, and the middle part is provided with a through middle hole.

The middle part of the outer wall is provided with a screw hole, a gap is reserved between the top end of the lower sealing sleeve 17 and the bottom end of the middle hole of the lower sealing seat 15 during installation, and the lower sealing sleeve 1 is screwed into a positioning screw at the slotted conical end through the screw hole and fixed outside the positioning core pipe 19. The front end of the lower sealing sleeve 17 on the same side with the screw hole is provided with an arc-shaped guide key extending forwards.

As shown in fig. 25, the lower seal holder 15 is constructed as follows:

the lower sealing seat 15 and the lower sealing sleeve 17 are matched and ground to seal and bear pressure; the top part is an inner chamfer; open grooves at the top of the right side are symmetrically distributed; the middle part outer ring is provided with a sealing groove, and 1 sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove.

As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the hydraulic end housing 1 has the following structure:

the middle of the hydraulic end shell 1 is provided with a through middle hole, 3 grooves for installing the pressing plates are circumferentially and uniformly distributed along the hydraulic end shell 1, a plurality of pressing plate counter bores are arranged on the periphery of the groove, and the rear part of the inner groove is provided with a wing plate through hole communicated with the middle hole.

As shown in fig. 11 to 13, the plunger cylinder block 9 has the following structure:

the plunger cylinder seat 9 is a base with two flat ends, a protruding middle part and four plunger cylinder accommodating holes; the lower parts of the three plunger cylinder bases 9 are respectively sleeved with 1 sealing ring.

During assembly, firstly the track cylinder 14 is installed, oil-proof silicic acid sealing grease is smeared on the outer wall of the track cylinder 14 from the through hole position of the wing plate 10, secondly the plunger cylinder seat 9 is installed with a sealing ring and is pressed into the through hole of the wing plate 14, and finally the drilling fluid channel 14.1 of the track cylinder 14 is cleaned.

As shown in fig. 9 to 10, the plunger 7 is cylindrical, and has a chamfer at the lower part and two sealing rings at the upper part and the outer end at intervals.

As shown in fig. 14 to 16, the structure of the wing plate 10 is as follows:

the device comprises a top plate, a middle plate and end plates, wherein the middle plate is vertically arranged at the lower part of the top plate, the end plates are arranged at the lower part of the middle plate, and the connection positions of the top plate and the middle plate are overlapped in a staggered mode in space; the end plates at the two ends of the wing plate 10 are respectively provided with 4 spring pits in total; the bottom of the top plate is transversely provided with a semicircular through hole, and two ends of the top plate are provided with grooves in the middle and connected with the semicircular through holes. The upper plate surface of the top plate is provided with 3 rows of alloy column embedding holes with 13 holes in each row.

As shown in fig. 20 to 22, the platen 13 has the following structure:

trapezoidal holes are arranged at two sides of the pressure plate 13 at intervals; the upper plate surface of the pressing plate is arc-shaped; the short edges at two sides of the pressure plate are respectively provided with 2 spring pits, and the total number is 4.

As shown in fig. 8, the spring 6, preferably 60Si2 Mn; rotating direction: d, rotating rightwards; as tool face driving and stabilizing means:

as shown in fig. 30, the outer cylinder 20 has the following structure: the middle part is provided with a through middle hole with horn-shaped two ends, and the horn-shaped positions at the two ends of the middle hole are provided with internal threads.

As shown in fig. 35, the structure of the deflector bracket 24 is as follows: the middle part is provided with a through stepped middle hole, and the outer cylindrical surface is provided with a steel ball groove.

As shown in fig. 33 to 34, the structure of the weight plate 23 is as follows:

the outer cylindrical surface of the eccentric weight disk is provided with a steel ball groove, and the outer end surface of the eccentric weight disk is also provided with a steel ball groove; the center hole of the eccentric weight plate is provided with 4 spline grooves; 8 trapezoidal holes are machined in the same direction of the spline grooves.

As shown in fig. 31 to 32, the structure of the biasing weight 21 is as follows: two ends of the weight block are respectively provided with 3 inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw holes, and the number of the inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw holes is 6.

As shown in fig. 36, the upper seal cartridge 25 is structured as follows:

the outer part is cylindrical, the inner part is provided with a through stepped middle hole, and the top end is provided with a steel ball groove; and 1 sealing rings are arranged at the positions in the middle hole, which are contacted with the positioning core pipe 19.

As shown in fig. 37, the upper seal holder 27 is constructed as follows:

the outer part is in a step column shape, and the middle part is provided with a step middle hole. The upper sealing seat 27 and the upper sealing sleeve 25 are matched for grinding, and are sealed and pressure-bearing; the bottom open slots are symmetrically distributed; the bottom is internally chamfered; the outer part of the upper end is provided with 1 sealing ring.

As shown in fig. 38, the upper joint 28 is structured as follows: the front end of the upper connector 28 is externally provided with a specially-tapered male buckle, the middle part is cylindrical, and the rear part is provided with a tapered male buckle. A through middle hole is arranged.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the well wall deflects during the drilling process, the mechanical movement of the weight 21, which depends on the gravity and the balls arranged in the ball grooves outside the weight plate 23, sliding in the weight support 24, is always at the low position (lower side direction) of the well wall. Because the orientation of the radial through hole (i.e. drilling fluid guide hole) of the semicircular tube 11 is opposite to the position of the weight bias 21, the drilling fluid enters the semicircular tube 11 through the upper joint 28 and the positioning core tube 19 and flows into the hydraulic end shell 1 through the radial through hole of the semicircular tube 11 to drive the plunger 7 in the hydraulic guide mechanism to push the wing plate 10 outwards, and the wing plate 10 outwards supports and pushes the high position (high side direction) of the well wall, thereby realizing the deviation correction work in the drilling process.

According to the invention, the balancing weight which is arranged around the outer wall of the positioning core pipe in a rolling manner is directly arranged between the outer barrel and the positioning core pipe, the mounting space of the balancing weight is maximized, and the balancing weight has better deflection correction capability.

According to the invention, the upper end and the lower end of the hydraulic end shell and the rail seat, the rail seat and the contact part of the plunger cylinder seat are hermetically connected, and each plunger cylinder seat and the plunger are hermetically connected, so that the problem of drilling fluid leakage is avoided.

When the drilling tool rotates, the high-speed drilling fluid pushes the hydraulic guide mechanism to incline the high edge of the well wall to apply pressure, and the hydraulic guide mechanism is not stressed and pressed by the radial pressure of the high-speed drilling fluid flow in the process and has no problem of stress and pressure of longitudinally arranged parts.

According to the invention, the plunger hole for pressure regulation is designed on the plunger, so that the required pressure drop can be actively regulated.

The pushing device can automatically adjust the pushing height according to the working condition, and has a large adjusting range and a good deviation rectifying effect.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A dynamic pushing type automatic vertical well drilling tool comprises an upper connector (28) positioned on the outer part, an outer cylinder (20) screwed with the upper connector (28) by internal threads, a hydraulic end shell (1) screwed with the outer cylinder (20) by external threads, a positioning core pipe (19) positioned on the inner part, and a deflection weight (21) fixedly connected to one side of the outer side of the positioning core pipe (19) to realize deviation rectification; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

a section of arc-shaped plate (88) extends from one side, located on the hydraulic end shell (1), of the positioning core pipe (19), and the arc-shaped plate (88) is connected to an arc-shaped notch (89) on the end side of the semicircular pipe (11) in an inserting mode; a plurality of through holes are formed in parallel on one side of the middle cylindrical surface of the semicircular pipe (11), which is opposite to the deflection weight (21);

a track cylinder (14) which is fixed with the hydraulic end shell (1) outside into a whole is sleeved outside the semicircular pipe (11), and three drilling fluid channels (14.1) corresponding to through holes of the semicircular pipe (11) are formed on the circumferential surface of the track cylinder (14) at equal angular intervals; three notches in the circumferential direction of the hydraulic end shell (1) are respectively embedded with a plunger cylinder seat (9) corresponding to each drilling fluid channel (14.1); each plunger cylinder seat (9) is provided with a plunger (7) through a plurality of plunger holes;

a strip-shaped wing plate (10) is arranged at the position of the plunger (7) corresponding to each plunger cylinder seat (9), two ends of the wing plate (10) in the length direction are respectively bent to form step surfaces for radial pressure application of a spring (6), and the outer side of the spring (6) is fixed by an arc-shaped pressure plate (13) fixed at the notch of the hydraulic end shell (1); the pressing plate (13) is provided with a strip-shaped hole for the entrance and exit of the strip-shaped section in the middle of the wing plate (10).

2. The automatic dynamic push-type vertical drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one plunger (7) in each plunger cylinder seat (9) is provided with a pressure relief hole, and a C-shaped pressure relief channel communicated with the pressure relief hole and leading to the outside is reserved inside the wing plate (10).

3. The dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the contact surface of the wing plate (10) and the well wall is a cambered surface, and a plurality of alloy columns are embedded on the cambered surface at intervals.

4. The dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that an upper sealing sleeve (25) is sleeved on the upper end of the positioning core tube (19), and the upper sealing sleeve (25) is provided with an upper sealing seat (27) fixed on a counter bore of the upper joint (28) in a relative sliding manner;

the lower part of the positioning core tube (19) is sleeved with a lower sealing sleeve (17); the lower sealing sleeve (17) is provided with a lower sealing seat (15) fixed in the inner opening of the hydraulic end shell (1) in a relative sliding mode;

the outer part of the positioning core tube (19) is positioned between the upper sealing sleeve (25) and the lower sealing sleeve (17), and both ends of the positioning core tube are respectively sleeved with a deflection disc (23) in a key connection mode; the eccentric weight disc (23) is arranged in an eccentric weight support (24) counter bore on the axial outer side, and rolling bodies or bearings are arranged on the end surface and the outer circumferential surface respectively to realize the relative motion of rolling friction between the eccentric weight disc (23) and the eccentric weight support (24);

a rolling body is arranged between the upper end surface of the upper deviation support (24) and the lower end surface of the upper joint (28) to realize the relative motion of rolling friction; rolling bodies are arranged between the outer circumferential surfaces of the eccentric weight supports (24) and the outer cylinder (20) which are respectively positioned at the upper part and the lower part to realize relative motion of rolling friction; a rolling body is arranged between the lower end surface of the lower deviation support (24) and the upper end surface of the hydraulic end shell (1) to realize the relative motion of rolling friction;

in the axial direction and the radial direction, the upper sealing sleeve (25) and the upper sealing seat (27) are provided with sealing elements, and the lower sealing sleeve (17) and the lower sealing seat (15) are provided with sealing elements, so that an upper group of the eccentric weight disk (23) and a lower group of the eccentric weight tray (24) are respectively positioned in a sealed space;

the weight (21) with an arc-shaped end surface is fixed between the upper and the lower weight plates (23) through bolts.

5. The dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biasing weight (21) is disposed in a gap with the outer cylinder (20).

6. The dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool of claim 1, wherein the rolling elements are bearings or spherical rolling elements arranged at intervals, or cylindrical rolling elements arranged at intervals.

7. The dynamic push type automatic vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic end housing (1) is provided at a lower end thereof with an internal threaded connection cavity for connecting a drill bit, and an upper port of the connection cavity is provided with a nozzle (2) screwed inside the rail seat (3).

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