CN113619545A - Air source device for railway vehicle and method for improving exhaust quality of air source device - Google Patents
Air source device for railway vehicle and method for improving exhaust quality of air source device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113619545A CN113619545A CN202111115146.7A CN202111115146A CN113619545A CN 113619545 A CN113619545 A CN 113619545A CN 202111115146 A CN202111115146 A CN 202111115146A CN 113619545 A CN113619545 A CN 113619545A
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- source device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/24—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
- B60T13/26—Compressed-air systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/002—Air treatment devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/002—Air treatment devices
- B60T17/004—Draining and drying devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H11/00—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
- B61H11/06—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types of hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, or aerodynamic brakes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an air source device for a railway vehicle and a method for improving the exhaust quality of the air source device, wherein the air source device for the railway vehicle comprises a compressor unit, a dryer and a precision filter which are sequentially connected, a secondary cooling device is connected between the compressor unit and the dryer, the secondary cooling device comprises a box body, a cooling radiator and a refrigerating spray pipe are arranged in the box body, and the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the cooling radiator are respectively connected with the air outlet end of the compressor unit and the air inlet end of the dryer. The air inlet end of the refrigeration spray pipe can be connected with the air outlet end of the compressor unit in an on-off mode, and the refrigeration spray pipe can enable part of compressed air generated by the compressor unit to form cold air and spray the cold air into the box body. The invention can effectively reduce the exhaust temperature of the compressor unit, increase the filtering efficiency and the filtering precision of the dryer and the precision filter and improve the exhaust quality of the air source device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicles, in particular to a wind source device for a rail vehicle and a method for improving the exhaust quality of the wind source device.
Background
The wind source device is a key component for providing clean compressed air for rail transit vehicles, and the generated compressed air is supplied to auxiliary wind equipment such as a pantograph lifting system, a sand scattering system, an electric air control system, a vehicle air spring and the like of a train vehicle besides a vehicle air braking system. The safety and reliability of rail vehicles place extremely high demands on the air quality (moisture, oil, dust) of the compressed air supplied by the wind source device. The wind source device is generally composed of a compressor unit, a dryer, a precision filter, a safety valve and the like. The dryer and the precise filter are combined to maintain the dust, water and oil in the compressed air at a certain level, so that the wind equipment of the downstream brake system can obtain clean compressed air to stably and reliably work.
At present, a core component compressor unit of a rail transit wind source device in China mainly takes an oil injection double-screw compressor and a reciprocating piston compressor as main parts, wherein lubricating oil is needed for lubricating, cooling and sealing in the working process of the oil injection double-screw compressor, the lubricating oil participates in the whole air compression process, and then oil filtration is needed for compressed air through an oil-gas separator and a precision filter. The reciprocating piston compressor can be divided into two forms of oil lubrication and oil-free lubrication, wherein the oil lubrication reciprocating piston compressor usually adopts splash lubrication to lubricate rotating and friction parts, so a precise filter is required to be arranged at the downstream of the oil lubrication piston compressor unit to filter lubricating oil.
The temperature of the compressed air can rise to over 100 ℃ after the compressed air reaches the pressure required by the braking system, and then the high-temperature compressed air is cooled by an air-cooled cooler consisting of a cooling fan and a radiator, but the temperature of the compressed air is still higher than about 15 ℃ of the ambient temperature after the compressed air passes through the cooler. The increase in temperature increases the water vapor and lube oil vapor content of the compressed air. Under the same pressure condition, the saturated water content is increased by about 30 percent for every 5 ℃ rise of the temperature. Precision oil filters have a high degree of filtration accuracy for liquid oil and aerosol, but have a limited filtration effect for oil vapor. The dryer in the wind source device is mainly an adsorption dryer at present, and the adsorbent is characterized by large adsorption capacity at low temperature and small adsorption capacity at high temperature. Meanwhile, the compressed air with high temperature is rich in saturated water content, so that the load of the dryer is increased when the compressed air enters the dryer, and the dew point of the air at the outlet is increased.
Because of the wide territory and complex and various climatic environments in China. Based on the analyzed working characteristics of the compressor set and the dryer, the problems that liquid oil or water drops pollute downstream wind equipment, water is accumulated seriously in a brake air cylinder and the like easily occur in a humid and hot climate area or season. The existence of liquid oil or water can influence the normal work of brake valve spare and influence driving safety, also can make the metalwork or the rubber spare life reduction of valve body simultaneously, increase use cost.
Therefore, the inventor provides the wind source device for the railway vehicle and the method for improving the exhaust quality of the wind source device for the railway vehicle by virtue of experience and practice of related industries for many years, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air source device for a railway vehicle and a method for improving the exhaust quality of the air source device, which can effectively reduce the exhaust temperature of a compressor unit, increase the filtering efficiency and the filtering precision of a dryer and a precision filter and improve the exhaust quality of the air source device.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an air source device for a railway vehicle, which comprises a compressor unit, a dryer and a precision filter which are sequentially connected, wherein a secondary cooling device is connected between the compressor unit and the dryer, the secondary cooling device comprises a box body, a cooling radiator and a refrigerating spray pipe are arranged in the box body, and an air inlet end and an air outlet end of the cooling radiator are respectively connected with an air outlet end of the compressor unit and an air inlet end of the dryer; the air inlet end of the refrigeration spray pipe can be connected with the air outlet end of the compressor unit in an on-off mode, and the refrigeration spray pipe can enable part of compressed air generated by the compressor unit to form cold air and spray the cold air into the box body.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the refrigerating nozzle is a laval nozzle comprising a convergent tube, a narrow throat and an expansion tube connected in series, the end of the convergent tube constituting the air inlet end of the refrigerating nozzle, and the end of the expansion tube being located inside the box.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the refrigeration nozzle is a vortex nozzle having a nozzle inlet, a cold gas outlet, and a hot gas outlet, the nozzle inlet forming the inlet end of the refrigeration nozzle, the cold gas outlet being located within the enclosure, and the hot gas outlet being located outside the enclosure.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the box body is provided with a breathing hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a refrigeration switch valve is disposed between the air inlet end of the refrigeration nozzle and the air outlet end of the compressor unit.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a drain switch valve and a drain pipe are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the cooling radiator, and a drain outlet of the drain pipe is positioned outside the box body.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wall of the box body comprises a metal supporting layer, an insulating layer and a sound insulating layer which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compressor package comprises an inlet filter, a compressor head and a cooler connected in series, the outlet end of the cooler being the outlet end of the compressor package.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a pressure switch is also provided after the precision filter in the gas conveying direction.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a first safety valve is provided between the compressor head and the cooler, a second safety valve is provided between the fine filter and the pressure switch, and a minimum pressure valve is provided between the dryer and the second safety valve.
The invention also provides a method for improving the exhaust quality of the wind source device for the railway vehicle, which is implemented by adopting the wind source device for the railway vehicle, and the method for improving the exhaust quality of the wind source device for the railway vehicle comprises the following steps:
starting the compressor unit, and enabling the compressor unit to start to work normally;
when the exhaust pressure at the air source exhaust port of the air source device for the railway vehicle is equal to a preset pressure value, the air inlet end of the refrigeration spray pipe is communicated with the air outlet end of the compressor unit, and the refrigeration spray pipe forms part of compressed air generated by the compressor unit into cold air and sprays the cold air into the box body so as to exchange heat with the compressed air entering the cooling radiator.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pressure switch is disposed at the air outlet of the air source;
before starting the compressor set, firstly supplying power to the air source device for the railway vehicle, then controlling the compressor set to start by using a train control system, or automatically starting the compressor set when the exhaust pressure is reduced to a pressure opening value of a pressure switch;
after the compressor unit is started, discharging residual water and oil in the cooling radiator through a drain outlet at the bottom of the cooling radiator, closing the drain outlet after discharging for a preset time, and starting the compressor unit to normally work;
when the exhaust pressure is increased to a pressure cut-off value of the pressure switch, the compressor set is automatically stopped; or the train control system is used for controlling the compressor unit to stop.
In the air source device and the method, the secondary cooling device is arranged between the compressor unit and the dryer, and the refrigerating spray pipe is used for forming cold air to exchange heat with the compressed air in the cooling radiator, so that the compressed air generated by part of the compressor unit can be used for reducing the exhaust temperature of the compressor unit under the condition of not additionally increasing power, the gaseous water and the lubricating oil are liquefied and separated to the maximum extent, the filtering efficiency and the filtering precision of the dryer and the precision filter are increased, and the exhaust quality of the whole air source device is improved, thereby ensuring the working reliability of the downstream air utilization equipment of the air source device, improving the running safety of a vehicle, prolonging the overhaul period of each air utilization equipment, and reducing the use cost of a user. Meanwhile, the compressed air is cooled in a mode that the cold air sprayed into the box body by the refrigeration spray pipe exchanges heat with the cooling radiator, complex parts such as a water cooling system and the like are not needed, the structure is simple, and the performance is reliable. In addition, the secondary cooling device can be started or closed according to the state of the vehicle, and when the secondary cooling device is started, because a part of compressed air is consumed, the single working time of the wind source device in the running of the vehicle can be prolonged, the working rate of the wind source device is improved, and therefore the problem of lubricating oil emulsification caused by low working rate of the oil compressor unit can be prevented.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1: the invention provides a pneumatic schematic diagram of a wind source device for a railway vehicle.
FIG. 2: the structure of the secondary cooling device provided by the invention is shown schematically.
FIG. 3: is a structural schematic diagram of the Laval nozzle provided by the invention.
FIG. 4: the invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a vortex nozzle.
FIG. 5: the invention provides a cross-sectional view of a vortex nozzle at a vortex generating cavity.
FIG. 6: is a partial view of the wall of the tank provided by the invention.
FIG. 7: the invention provides a control flow chart of a wind source device.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1. a compressor unit; 11. an intake air filter; 12. a compressor head; 13. a first safety valve; 14. a cooler;
2. a secondary cooling device;
21. a box body; 211. a breathing hole; 212. a metal support layer; 213. a heat-insulating layer; 214. a sound insulating layer;
22. a refrigeration switch valve;
23. a refrigeration nozzle; 231. a shrink tube; 232. narrowing the throat; 233. an expansion tube; 234. a nozzle air inlet; 235. the air outlet of the spray pipe; 2361. a cold air outlet; 2362. a hot gas outflow port; 237. a vortex generating chamber; 238. a temperature regulating valve; 2391. a cold air stream; 2392. a hot gas stream;
24. cooling the radiator; 241. cooling the air inlet; 2411. an air intake line; 2412. a branch line; 242. cooling the air outlet; 2421. an air outlet pipeline; 243. fixing a bracket;
25. a blowdown on-off valve;
26. a blow-off pipe; 261. a sewage draining outlet;
3. a dryer;
4. a precision filter;
5. a minimum pressure valve;
6. a second relief valve;
7. a pressure switch;
8. and (4) exhausting the air source.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, an air supply apparatus for a railway vehicle includes a compressor unit 1, a dryer 3, and a precision filter 4, which are connected in series. The secondary cooling device 2 is connected between the compressor unit 1 and the dryer 3, the secondary cooling device 2 comprises a box body 21, a cooling radiator 24 and a refrigeration spray pipe 23 are arranged in the box body 21, and the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the cooling radiator 24 are respectively connected with the air outlet end of the compressor unit 1 and the air inlet end of the dryer 3. The air inlet end of the refrigeration spray pipe 23 can be connected with the air outlet end of the compressor unit 1 in an on-off mode, and the refrigeration spray pipe 23 can enable part of compressed air generated by the compressor unit 1 to form cold air and spray the cold air into the box body 21.
The case 21 is a closed case. When the air conditioner works, under the condition that the air supply quantity of downstream air equipment is sufficient, the secondary cooling device 2 can be started, the air inlet end of the refrigerating spray pipe 23 is communicated with the air outlet end of the compressor unit 1, a part of compressed air (about 10-20% of the discharge capacity of the compressor unit 1) generated by the compressor unit 1 can enter the refrigerating spray pipe 23, and the refrigerating spray pipe 23 can form cold air by the part of compressed air and then spray the cold air into the box body 21; another part of the main flow of the compressed air generated by the compressor unit 1 enters the cooling radiator 24 through the air inlet end of the cooling radiator 24, and exchanges heat with the cold air inside the box 21 to achieve the cooling purpose, and the cooled compressed air enters the dryer 3 through the air outlet end of the cooling radiator 24. The load of the dryer 3 can be lightened by the cooled compressed air, the dew point of the outlet of the dryer 3 is reduced, the gaseous lubricating oil is partially liquefied and separated out due to the reduction of the temperature, the filtering efficiency of the precision filter 4 is enhanced, the content of water and oil at the outlet of the air source device is improved, and the quality of the compressed air is improved.
Therefore, in the air source device in the embodiment, the secondary cooling device 2 is arranged between the compressor unit 1 and the dryer 3, and the refrigerating spray pipe 23 is used for forming cold air to perform heat exchange with the compressed air in the cooling radiator 24, so that the exhaust temperature of the compressor unit 1 can be reduced by using part of the compressed air generated by the compressor unit 1 under the condition of not additionally increasing power, gaseous water and lubricating oil are liquefied and separated to a greater extent, the filtering efficiency and the filtering precision of the dryer 3 and the precision filter 4 are increased, the exhaust quality of the whole air source device is improved, the working reliability of the downstream air utilization equipment of the air source device is ensured, the running safety of a vehicle is improved, the overhaul period of each air utilization equipment is prolonged, and the use cost of a user is reduced. Meanwhile, the compressed air is cooled by the way that the cold air is sprayed into the box body 21 by the refrigeration spray pipe 23 and exchanges heat with the cooling radiator 24, complex parts such as a water cooling system and the like are not needed, the structure is simple, and the performance is reliable. In addition, secondary cooling device 2 can be opened or close according to the vehicle state, because it has consumed a part compressed air when secondary cooling device 2 opens, can prolong vehicle operation wind regime device's single operating time, promotes wind regime device's operating rate, consequently also can prevent the lubricating oil emulsification problem that has oil compressor unit to lead to because of the operating rate is low.
In a specific implementation manner, the general refrigeration nozzle 23 converts the internal energy of the compressed air into kinetic energy by using the pressure difference between the front and the rear of the refrigeration nozzle 23, so as to eject the low-temperature cold air, and the following two manners may be adopted for the specific structure of the refrigeration nozzle 23:
the first method comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 3, the refrigerating nozzle 23 is a laval nozzle, which includes a contraction pipe 231, a narrow throat 232, and an expansion pipe 233 connected in sequence, wherein an end of the contraction pipe 231 constitutes an air inlet end of the refrigerating nozzle 23, and an end of the expansion pipe 233 is located in the box body 21.
The front half part of the laval nozzle is a contracted pipe 231 with a diameter gradually decreasing, a narrow throat 232 contracted to the middle, and an expanded pipe 233 with a diameter gradually increasing and expanding outwards arranged behind the narrow throat 232. Compressed air flows into the contraction pipe 231 through a spray pipe air inlet 234 at the front end of the contraction pipe 231, passes through the narrow throat 232, and is discharged into the closed box body 21 through a spray pipe air outlet 235 at the tail end of the expansion pipe 233; the structure of the Laval nozzle can change the air flow speed due to the change of the sectional area of the nozzle, so that the air flow can change from subsonic speed to sonic speed, and even can break through the choking phenomenon and accelerate to supersonic speed. According to the law of conservation of energy, the internal energy of the compressed gas can be quickly converted into kinetic energy when flowing through the Laval nozzle, so that low-temperature gas can be sprayed out to realize the effect of quick refrigeration.
And the second method comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the cryogenic nozzle 23 is a vortex nozzle having a nozzle inlet 234, a cold air outlet 2361 and a hot air outlet 2362, the nozzle inlet 234 forming the inlet end of the cryogenic nozzle 23, the cold air outlet 2361 being located within the enclosure 21 and the hot air outlet 2362 being located outside the enclosure 21.
The structure of the vortex spray pipe is the prior art, the two ends of the vortex spray pipe are respectively a cold air outlet 2361 and a hot air outlet 2362, a vortex generation cavity 237 with enlarged diameter is arranged in the vortex spray pipe, and the vortex generation cavity 237 is positioned between the cold air outlet 2361 and the hot air outlet 2362 and is communicated with the cold air outlet 2361 and the hot air outlet 2362; the nozzle inlet 234 is formed on the wall of the vortex nozzle and corresponds to the vortex generating chamber 237, and the inlet direction of the nozzle inlet 234 is tangential to the inner wall circumference of the vortex generating chamber 237, as shown in fig. 5; a temperature regulating valve 238 is provided in the hot air outlet 2362, and the temperature of the hot air outlet 2362 can be regulated by manually regulating the temperature regulating valve 238.
Compressed air from the compressor unit 1 is firstly sent into a cylindrical vortex generating cavity 237 along the tangential direction through a nozzle air inlet 234, vortex air flow formed by the vortex generating cavity 237 is sent into a hot air flow outlet 2362, the vortex air flow is tightly attached to the inner surface of a vortex nozzle, and the hot air flow 2392 is continuously discharged out of the box body 21 from the hot air flow outlet 2362; the hot gas stream 2392 creates a flow resistance at the hot gas stream outlet 2362 which creates a sufficient negative pressure in the vortex nozzle to force a portion of the air back through the center of the vortex nozzle to the cold gas stream outlet 2361 where it becomes very cold due to the heat absorption of the expanding gas stream flowing to the hot gas stream outlet 2362 to form a cold gas stream 2391 which is ejected into the enclosure 21. The vortex nozzle may adjust the temperature of hot gas outlet 2362 by adjusting temperature adjustment valve 238, thereby adjusting the ratio of input compressed air to output cold air.
Of course, the refrigeration nozzle 23 may also have other configurations as long as it can convert the compressed air into the cold air and spray the cold air into the box 21, and this embodiment is only an example.
The box body 21 is generally provided with a breathing hole 211. As shown in fig. 2, the number of the breathing holes 211 is plural, and specifically, the breathing holes are provided at the top of the box body 21 to ensure that the pressure inside the box body 21 is consistent with the ambient pressure, so as to ensure the pressure difference between the front and the rear of the refrigeration nozzle 23, and facilitate the refrigeration nozzle 23 to convert the internal energy of the compressed air into kinetic energy by using the pressure difference between the front and the rear of the refrigeration nozzle 23.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in order to facilitate the control of the start and stop of the secondary cooling device 2, a refrigeration switch valve 22 is disposed between the air inlet end of the refrigeration nozzle 23 and the air outlet end of the compressor unit 1. The refrigeration switch valve 22 is preferably a refrigeration solenoid valve, in particular a two-position two-way solenoid valve. When the refrigeration electromagnetic valve is electrified, the refrigeration switch valve 22 is opened, the compressor unit 1 is communicated with the refrigeration spray pipe 23, compressed air can enter the refrigeration spray pipe 23, and the secondary cooling device 2 is in a working state; when the refrigeration electromagnetic valve is powered off, the refrigeration switch valve 22 is closed, the compressor unit 1 and the refrigeration spray pipe 23 are not communicated, and the secondary cooling device 2 stops working.
In order to facilitate the periodic discharge of the condensed water and the liquid lubricating oil generated in the cooling process of the compressed air from the cooling radiator 24, a drain switch valve 25 and a drain pipe 26 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the cooling radiator 24, and a drain outlet 261 of the drain pipe 26 is positioned outside the box body 21. The drain switch valve 25 preferably adopts a drain solenoid valve, specifically a two-position two-way solenoid valve. When the blowdown electromagnetic valve is powered off, the blowdown switch valve 25 is opened, the bottom of the cooling radiator 24 is communicated with the blowdown port 261, and water and oil in the cooling radiator 24 can be discharged out of the tank body 21 through the blowdown port 261; when the drain solenoid valve is powered on, the drain switch valve 25 is closed, the bottom of the cooling radiator 24 is not communicated with the drain 261, and the drain 261 is closed.
In order to avoid the interference of the ambient temperature to the internal temperature of the tank 21 and to suppress the airflow noise, as shown in fig. 6, the wall of the tank has a multi-layer structure, and the wall of the tank 21 includes a metal supporting layer 212, an insulating layer 213 and an acoustic insulating layer 214 which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside. The cooling radiator 24 is generally fixed in the box 21 by a fixing bracket 243, and the cooling nozzle 23, the cooling switch valve 22, and the drain switch valve 25 may be fixed in the box 21 by corresponding brackets or fixing members. The cooling air inlet 241 and the cooling air outlet 242 are arranged at two ends of the shell of the cooling radiator 24, the cooling air inlet 241 and the cooling air outlet 242 are air inlet ends and air outlet ends of the cooling radiator 24 and are respectively connected with the compressor unit 1 and the dryer 3 through an air inlet pipeline 2411 and an air outlet pipeline 2421, a branch pipeline 2412 is connected to the air inlet pipeline 2411, the end part of the branch pipeline 2412 is connected with a spray pipe air inlet 234 of the refrigeration spray pipe 23 (namely, the air inlet end of the refrigeration spray pipe 23), and the refrigeration switch valve 22 is arranged on the branch pipeline 2412.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the compressor unit 1 includes an intake filter 11, a compressor head 12, and a cooler 14 connected in this order, and an outlet end of the cooler 14 is an outlet end of the compressor unit 1.
The air entering the compressor head 12 from the outside can be filtered by the intake filter 11, and the cooler 14 is a cold air cooler to cool the high-temperature compressed air output from the compressor head 12 at a time. The secondary cooling device 2 can be reused to carry out secondary cooling on the compressed air according to the requirement so as to effectively reduce the temperature of the compressed air.
Further, a pressure switch 7 is provided after the fine filter 4 in the gas conveying direction.
The specific structure of the pressure switch 7 is the prior art, and has a pressure opening value and a pressure opening value, where the pressure opening value is greater than the pressure opening value, for example, the pressure opening value is 700kPa and the pressure opening value is 950kPa in this embodiment; when the pressure of an air source exhaust port 8 of the air source device is reduced to 700kPa, a line in the pressure switch 7 is conducted, so that the compressor unit 1 is electrified and automatically started; when the pressure of the air source exhaust port 8 rises to 950kPa, the circuit in the pressure switch 7 is disconnected, and the compressor unit 1 is powered off and automatically stopped. The pressure switch 7 can be used as a way of switching the compressor unit 1 on and off after the wind source device has been supplied with power.
Further, a first relief valve 13 is provided between the compressor head 12 and the cooler 14, a second relief valve 6 is provided between the precision filter 4 and the pressure switch 7, and a minimum pressure valve 5 is provided between the dryer 3 and the second relief valve 6.
The first safety valve 13 and the second safety valve 6 can automatically release pressure when the pressure is too high, and the first safety valve 13 is mainly used for protecting the compressor head 12 so as to prevent the air compressor from being damaged due to too high air pressure caused by pipeline blockage or other reasons; the second safety valve 6 is arranged close to the air source exhaust port 8, so that damage to downstream air equipment due to overhigh air pressure can be avoided.
The minimum pressure valve 5 may be provided between the dryer 3 and the second relief valve 6, for example, the minimum pressure valve 5 is provided between the fine filter 4 and the second relief valve 6 in this embodiment. The minimum pressure valve 5 is a one-way valve with a set value, and can be conducted in a one-way mode when the pressure of a pipeline is larger than the minimum pressure value, so that the airflow can flow downstream (namely, compressed air can flow to the air source exhaust port 8); since the dryer 3 can normally work only when the pipeline pressure is higher than the minimum pressure value, the function of the minimum pressure valve 5 can ensure that the dryer 3 is in a normal working state. At the same time, the provision of the minimum pressure valve 5 prevents the backflow of compressed air in the reservoir of the vehicle after the compressor head 12 has stopped operating.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment further provides a method for improving the exhaust quality of the wind source device for the rail vehicle, which is implemented by using the wind source device for the rail vehicle, and the method for improving the exhaust quality of the wind source device for the rail vehicle includes the following steps:
starting the compressor unit 1, and enabling the compressor unit 1 to work normally;
when the exhaust pressure at the air source exhaust port 8 of the air source device for the railway vehicle is equal to the preset pressure value, the air inlet end of the refrigeration spray pipe 23 is communicated with the air outlet end of the compressor unit 1, and the refrigeration spray pipe 23 forms part of compressed air generated by the compressor unit 1 into cold air and sprays the cold air into the box body 21 so as to exchange heat with the compressed air entering the cooling radiator 24.
The method can reduce the exhaust temperature of the compressor unit 1 by using part of the compressed air generated by the compressor unit 1 under the condition of not additionally increasing power, liquefy and separate out gaseous water and lubricating oil to a greater extent, increase the filtering efficiency and the filtering precision of the dryer 3 and the precision filter 4, and improve the exhaust quality of the whole wind source device, thereby ensuring the working reliability of the wind equipment at the downstream of the wind source device, improving the running safety of vehicles, prolonging the overhaul period of each wind equipment, and reducing the use cost of users.
Further, a pressure switch 7 is arranged at the air outlet 8 of the air source;
before starting the compressor unit 1, firstly supplying power to an air source device for a railway vehicle, then controlling the compressor unit 1 to start by using a train control system, or automatically starting the compressor unit 1 when the exhaust pressure is reduced to a pressure opening value of a pressure switch 7;
after the compressor unit 1 is started, firstly discharging residual water and oil in the cooling radiator 24 through a drain outlet 261 at the bottom of the cooling radiator 24, closing the drain outlet 261 after discharging for a preset time, and then starting the compressor unit 1 to normally work;
when the exhaust pressure is increased to the pressure cut-off value of the pressure switch 7, the compressor unit 1 is automatically stopped; or the train control system is used for controlling the compressor unit 1 to stop.
In more detail, referring to fig. 7, after the wind source device supplies power, the wind source device has two starting modes, one is that a train control system (TCMS) directly sends a starting instruction, and the other is that the starting is controlled by a pressure switch 7, and when the exhaust pressure at a wind source exhaust port 8 (i.e. the total wind pressure entering a train main air duct) is lower than a pressure opening value (specifically, 700kPa in this embodiment), the pressure switch 7 operates, and the compressor unit 1 is automatically started.
After compressor unit 1 starts, the blowdown solenoid valve is in the power failure on-state, and the compressed air that compressor unit 1 produced is admitted air to cooling radiator 24 and is swept, discharges remaining water and oil through drain 261, and the blowdown solenoid valve gets electric after the time of predetermineeing (for example 2 seconds), and drain 261 closes, and compressor unit 1 begins normal work.
In order to ensure the air consumption amount of the vehicle during initial air charging or emergency air consumption and the refrigeration effect of the refrigeration spray pipe 23, the refrigeration electromagnetic valve is powered only when the total air pressure is greater than or equal to 720kpa, and compressed air flows through the refrigeration spray pipe 23 to start cooling the main flow of the compressed air; when the total wind pressure reaches the pressure cut-off value (950 kPa in this embodiment) of the pressure switch 7, the compressor unit 1 is stopped, then the refrigeration electromagnetic valve is de-energized, the secondary cooling device 2 stops working, the blowdown electromagnetic valve is de-energized, and the residual pressure in the pipeline purges and blowdown the cooling radiator 24. In some situations where commissioning or maintenance is required, the compressor unit 1 may be controlled to stop using the train control system.
The power on and off of the sewage discharge electromagnetic valve and the refrigeration electromagnetic valve are also controlled by a train control system on the train. Because the total wind pressure can influence the running safety of the train, when the compressor unit 1 starts to work, the pipeline pressure is relatively low, the compressed air amount is relatively small, and in order to avoid influencing the running safety, the secondary cooling device 2 does not work when the total wind pressure is small, and only the cooler 14 in the compressor unit 1 is used for cooling the compressed air. When the total air pressure reaches the preset pressure value, the secondary cooling device 2 is started to work, the total air pressure is relatively large, and the driving safety can be ensured under the condition that a part of compressed air is separated to be used for refrigerating the refrigerating spray pipe 23. The preset pressure value depends on the actual situation, for example, the preset pressure value in this embodiment is 720 kPa. Through the setting of secondary cooling device 2, can effectively reduce compressed air's temperature, increase the filtration efficiency and the filter fineness of desicator 3 and precision filter 4 to guarantee the reliable operation of low reaches equipment, guarantee driving safety.
The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A wind source device for a railway vehicle comprises a compressor unit, a dryer and a precise filter which are connected in sequence,
a secondary cooling device is connected between the compressor unit and the dryer and comprises a box body, a cooling radiator and a refrigeration spray pipe are arranged in the box body, and an air inlet end and an air outlet end of the cooling radiator are respectively connected with an air outlet end of the compressor unit and an air inlet end of the dryer;
the air inlet end of the refrigeration spray pipe can be connected with the air outlet end of the compressor unit in an on-off mode, and the refrigeration spray pipe can enable part of compressed air generated by the compressor unit to form cold air and spray the cold air into the box body.
2. The wind source device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1,
the refrigeration spray pipe is a Laval spray pipe, the Laval spray pipe comprises a contraction pipe, a narrow throat and an expansion pipe which are sequentially connected, the end part of the contraction pipe forms the air inlet end of the refrigeration spray pipe, and the end part of the expansion pipe is located in the box body.
3. The wind source device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1,
the refrigeration spray tube is the vortex spray tube, the vortex spray tube has spray tube air inlet, air conditioning egress opening and hot gas flow outlet, the spray tube air inlet constitutes the inlet end of refrigeration spray tube, the air conditioning egress opening is located in the box, the hot gas egress opening is located outside the box.
4. The wind source device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1,
the box body is provided with a breathing hole.
5. The wind source device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1,
and a refrigeration switch valve is arranged between the air inlet end of the refrigeration spray pipe and the air outlet end of the compressor unit.
6. The wind source device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1,
and a sewage discharge switch valve and a sewage discharge pipe are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the cooling radiator, and a sewage discharge outlet of the sewage discharge pipe is positioned outside the box body.
7. The wind source device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1,
the box wall of the box body comprises a metal supporting layer, a heat preservation layer and a sound insulation layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside.
8. The wind source device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1,
the compressor unit comprises an air inlet filter, a compressor head and a cooler which are sequentially connected, and the outlet end of the cooler is the outlet end of the compressor unit.
9. The wind source apparatus for a railway vehicle according to claim 8,
and a pressure switch is also arranged behind the precision filter along the gas conveying direction.
10. The wind source apparatus for a railway vehicle according to claim 9,
a first safety valve is arranged between the compressor head and the cooler, a second safety valve is arranged between the precision filter and the pressure switch, and a minimum pressure valve is arranged between the dryer and the second safety valve.
11. A method for improving the exhaust quality of a wind source device for a railway vehicle, which is implemented by using the wind source device for the railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and comprises the following steps:
starting the compressor unit, and enabling the compressor unit to start to work normally;
when the exhaust pressure at the air source exhaust port of the air source device for the railway vehicle is equal to a preset pressure value, the air inlet end of the refrigeration spray pipe is communicated with the air outlet end of the compressor unit, and the refrigeration spray pipe forms part of compressed air generated by the compressor unit into cold air and sprays the cold air into the box body so as to exchange heat with the compressed air entering the cooling radiator.
12. The method for improving the exhaust quality of the wind source device for the railway vehicle according to claim 11, wherein a pressure switch is arranged at the air outlet of the wind source;
before the compressor unit is started, supplying power to the air source device for the railway vehicle, and then controlling the compressor unit to be started by using a train control system, or automatically starting the compressor unit when the exhaust pressure is reduced to a pressure opening value of the pressure switch;
after the compressor unit is started, discharging residual water and oil in the cooling radiator through a drain outlet at the bottom of the cooling radiator, closing the drain outlet after discharging for a preset time, and starting normal operation of the compressor unit;
when the exhaust pressure is increased to a pressure cut-off value of the pressure switch, the compressor set is automatically stopped; or controlling the compressor unit to stop by using the train control system.
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| CN202111115146.7A CN113619545B (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Wind source device for railway vehicle and method for improving exhaust quality of wind source device |
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