CN113619355B - Electric vehicle heat management system and method based on transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner - Google Patents

Electric vehicle heat management system and method based on transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113619355B
CN113619355B CN202110951424.6A CN202110951424A CN113619355B CN 113619355 B CN113619355 B CN 113619355B CN 202110951424 A CN202110951424 A CN 202110951424A CN 113619355 B CN113619355 B CN 113619355B
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valve
temperature
throttle valve
mode
closed
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CN113619355A (en
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曹锋
王海丹
宋昱龙
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
Xian Jiaotong University
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
Xian Jiaotong University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
    • B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3286—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/3289—Additional cooling source
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of electric motor coach thermal management systems, and discloses an electric motor coach thermal management system and method based on a transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner 2 The system comprises a heat pump system module, a cab HVAC module, a coolant treatment module and a waste heat dissipation module. The invention adopts a reasonable comprehensive control scheme and has ten control modes of a battery quick-charging mode, a passenger compartment single-cooling mode, a passenger compartment single-heating mode, a cab single-cooling mode, a cab single-heating mode, a whole vehicle refrigerating mode, a waste heat recovery mode, a battery heat management mode and a demisting mode. Compared with the traditional electric bus air conditioner, the natural working medium CO is adopted 2 As a refrigerant, the energy of the whole vehicle is comprehensively integrated and utilized, the load of a battery is greatly reduced, and the thermal comfort and the endurance mileage of the electric passenger car are improved.

Description

Electric vehicle heat management system and method based on transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electric motor coach heat management systems, and particularly relates to an electric motor coach heat management system and method based on a transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner.
Background
Nowadays, with the continuous abundance of people's living standard, the energy-saving and environmental-protection problems become the focus of international and social attention. The traffic of large and medium cities is also changed towards cleaner, more efficient and sustainable development; new energy transportation technology in the field of public services is gradually integrated into the transportation planning of various cities and towns. Compared with the traditional fuel passenger car, the pure electric vehicle in new energy riding utilizes relatively clean and efficient energy provided by the motor, does not pollute the environment, and does not irreversibly affect resources. The pure electric bus provides a clean, efficient and environment-friendly traffic scheme for public traffic, and urban traffic is turning towards intellectualization and cleanness. However, the main problems restricting the development of the electric motor coach at present are that the battery endurance is insufficient and the battery life is short, the largest electric energy requirement comes from a cooling and heating device in a carriage except power consumption, and the development of a set of environment-friendly, energy-saving and efficient air conditioning system has important significance for the industrial popularization of the electric motor coach.
In addition, different from a traditional passenger car, a main heating source in the working process of the pure electric passenger car is not a motor, but electronic and electrical components such as a driving motor, a motor controller, a power battery and the like. The sensitivity of the electronic and electric components, especially the power battery, to the temperature is very high, and the excessively high or low temperature has an important influence on the aspects of the working performance, the safety performance, the service life and the like of the electronic and electric components, so that compared with the traditional passenger car, the pure electric passenger car has more rigorous and precise requirements on a heat management system, and meanwhile, the requirements on the aspects of high efficiency, low energy consumption, light weight, low cost and the like are also met.
Finding an energy-saving and environment-friendly green refrigeration mode becomes an important task. CO 2 2 As a natural working medium, it is considered as the most Potential environment-friendly refrigerant, with Global Warming Potential (GWP) GWP =1 and Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) ODP = 0. CO 2 2 The refrigerant has the advantages of high density, low viscosity, small flow loss, good heat transfer effect and the like.
In addition to this, CO 2 When the refrigerant is used as a refrigerating medium of an air conditioner of a passenger car, the refrigerant has the greatest advantage of heating capacity. The traditional halohydrocarbon refrigerant electric passenger car air conditioning system mainly focuses on a refrigeration mode, even if a heat pump type air conditioner is adopted under the heating working condition in winter, the heating efficiency is low, the heating quantity is small, the comfort requirement of passengers cannot be met only by the air conditioning system, and the heating capacity is supplemented by an inefficient electric heating device. And CO 2 The transcritical cycle has large heating quantity during heating and high energy efficiency, can still meet the comfort requirement of passengers under the low-temperature working condition, and greatly saves the power consumption of batteries.
Compare in small-size passenger car, [ electric ] motor coach's battery and motor have sufficient waste heat energy, how to integrate and recycle electronic equipment waste heat such as motor, battery, provide reasonable temperature environment for electronic equipment simultaneously and be the realistic problem that sets before.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric vehicle heat management system and method based on a transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner, which integrate and utilize the energy of the whole vehicle, improve the energy efficiency of the heat pump air conditioning system and ensure the thermal comfort in a cab and a passenger cabin while ensuring the safety of a battery and a motor, and provide an optimal control scheme for the whole vehicle heat management system so as to realize the intellectualization of the whole vehicle and the maximization of the energy efficiency in all modes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner, which comprises transcritical CO 2 The system comprises a heat pump system module, a cab HVAC module, a coolant processing module and a waste heat radiating module;
the cab HVAC module comprises a demisting heat exchanger, a cab fan, a first bidirectional throttle valve, a full-through throttle valve, a demisting air door and a cab air door; the waste heat radiating module comprises a water-cooled heat exchanger, a radiator fan and a radiator; the cooling liquid processing module comprises a third stop valve, a battery cooler, a battery pack radiator, a first water pump, a first water tank, a third two-way throttle valve, a waterway four-way reversing valve, a motor radiator, a second water tank, an electric control part radiator, a second water pump and a waterway three-way reversing valve; the trans-critical CO 2 A heat pump system module including a passenger compartment blower, a passenger compartment heat exchanger, a first stop valve, a second stop valve, a fifth stop valve, a CO 2 The heat pump system comprises a heat pump system module heat regenerator, an outdoor fan, an outdoor heat exchanger, a fourth stop valve, a three-way reversing valve, a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, a liquid storage device and a second bidirectional throttle valve;
the compressor is connected with an a port of a four-way reversing valve, a b port of the four-way reversing valve is connected with an a port of a three-way reversing valve, and a c port of the four-way reversing valve is communicated withPassing through the reservoir and CO 2 A port d of the four-way reversing valve is respectively connected with the demisting heat exchanger, the passenger compartment heat exchanger and one end of a first stop valve; the demisting heat exchanger is connected with the cab heat exchanger through a full-through throttle valve; the other port of the cab heat exchanger is connected with a first bidirectional throttle valve, the other port of the first bidirectional throttle valve is respectively connected with one end of a second bidirectional throttle valve, one end of a second stop valve and one end of a third bidirectional throttle valve, the other end of the second bidirectional throttle valve is connected with the passenger compartment heat exchanger, and the other end of the first stop valve is respectively connected with a b port of a battery cooler and the third stop valve; the battery cooler a port is connected with the other end of the third bidirectional throttle valve, the battery cooler c port is connected with the waterway four-way reversing valve c port, the battery cooler d port is connected with the first water pump inlet through the battery pack radiator, the first water pump outlet is connected with the waterway four-way reversing valve d port, the middle of the first water tank is provided with the first water tank, the waterway four-way reversing valve a port is connected with the second water pump inlet, the middle of the waterway four-way reversing valve is provided with the second water tank, the second water pump outlet is connected with the electric control device radiator, the electric control device radiator is connected with two parallel motor radiators, the other end of the parallel motor radiators is connected with the waterway three-way reversing valve c port, and the first channel at one end of the water-cooling heat exchanger is connected with the waterway three-way reversing valve b port; a second channel at one end of the water-cooling heat exchanger is connected with a port b of the waterway four-way reversing valve (14), and the port b of the waterway four-way reversing valve (14) is connected with one end of a radiator (22); the port a of the waterway three-way reversing valve is connected with the other end of the radiator, and the air outlet of the fan of the radiator faces the radiator; the second channel of the other end of the water-cooled heat exchanger is connected with the port b of the three-way reversing valve, one end of a fifth stop valve of the first channel of the other end of the water-cooled heat exchanger is connected with one end of a fourth stop valve, the other end of the fourth stop valve is connected with the port c of the three-way reversing valve and one end of the outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor fan is arranged beside the outdoor heat exchanger, and the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the other end of the fifth stop valve and the CO respectively 2 The ports c of the heat pump system module heat regenerator are connected; the CO is 2 The d ports of the heat pump system module heat regenerator are respectively connected with the second portThe other end of the second stop valve and the other end of the third stop valve.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an electric vehicle thermal management method based on a transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the management system is powered on, monitoring the state of each device in the management system and confirming that the management system has no fault; further judging whether the management system is in a battery quick charge mode, if so, entering a mode 1-battery quick charge mode, and if not, entering a step two;
step two: collecting the temperatures of a cab and a passenger compartment, entering a mode 2-passenger compartment single cooling mode when only the passenger compartment has a refrigerating requirement, entering a mode 3-passenger compartment single heating mode when only the passenger compartment has a heating requirement, entering a mode 4-cab single cooling mode when only the cab has the refrigerating requirement, entering a mode 5-cab single heating mode when only the cab has the heating requirement, and entering a mode 6-finished vehicle heating mode or a mode 7-finished vehicle refrigerating mode according to the requirement when both the cab and the passenger compartment have the refrigerating or heating requirements;
step three: monitoring the temperature of the battery and the temperature of the motor, entering a mode 8-a waste heat recovery mode when the battery or the motor has a refrigeration requirement and the cab or the passenger cabin has a heating requirement, entering a mode 9-a battery heat management mode when the cab or the passenger cabin does not have the heating requirement and the motor or the battery has a temperature control requirement, and entering a mode 10-a demisting mode once a demisting requirement signal is received in the driving process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by using CO 2 As the refrigerant, the heating capacity of the refrigerant is far stronger than that of the HFCs refrigerant which is mainstream at present, a PTC electric heating device is not required, the energy consumption of the battery in winter is greatly saved, and the load of the battery is reduced.
2. Transcritical CO in electric motor coach 2 On the basis of a heat pump air conditioning system of a passenger car, a cab HVAC module, a cooling liquid processing module and a waste heat radiating module are added, the temperature control and the energy utilization of each region of the whole car are realized in an integrated mode, the thermal comfort of passengers is ensured, and the driving area can also be realized flexiblyTemperature control and defogging control, control components such as battery and motor through nimble valve member control, guarantee the safety in utilization and the life of components such as battery and motor.
3. The waste heat of components such as a battery, a motor and the like is recycled, the evaporation pressure of the air conditioner in winter is greatly improved, the frosting probability of the outdoor heat exchanger can be reduced under the working condition of frosting in winter, the exhaust pressure and the exhaust temperature of the compressor can be reduced at extremely low temperature, and the power consumption of the compressor is greatly reduced.
4. The complete and accurate control logic of ten operation modes is provided, the high-efficiency operation of the system is ensured, the passenger car heat management system is in a state that the refrigeration and heating quantity reach the standard and the power consumption is lowest, the energy conservation maximization is achieved, the electric energy is saved, and the endurance of the electric car is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner;
FIG. 2 is a general diagram of a control method of an electric vehicle heat management system based on a transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a battery rapid charging mode control method;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a passenger compartment cooling only mode control method;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a control method for a single cooling mode of a cab;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a control method for a single hot mode of a cab;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a passenger compartment single hot mode control method;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a vehicle cooling mode control method;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a vehicle heating mode control method;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a waste heat recovery mode control method;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of a battery thermal management mode control method;
fig. 12 is a flowchart of a defogging mode control method.
In the figure: 1. a demisting heat exchanger; 2. a cab heat exchanger; 3. a cab fan; 4. a passenger compartment blower; 5. a passenger compartment heat exchanger; 6. a first shut-off valve; 7. a second stop valve; 8. a third stop valve; 9. a battery cooler; 10. a battery pack heat sink; 11. a first water pump; 12. a first water tank; 13. a third two-way throttle valve; 14. a waterway four-way reversing valve; 15. a motor radiator; 16. a second water tank; 17. an electric control device radiator; 18. a second water pump; 19. a waterway three-way reversing valve; 20. a water-cooled heat exchanger; 21. a radiator fan; 22. a heat sink; 23. a fifth stop valve; 24. CO 2 2 A heat pump system module heat regenerator; 25. an outdoor fan; 26. an outdoor heat exchanger; 27. a fourth stop valve; 28. a three-way reversing valve; 29. a compressor; 30. a four-way reversing valve; 31. a reservoir; 32. a second bidirectional throttle valve; 33. a first bidirectional throttle valve; 34. a full-through throttle valve; 35. a demisting air door; 36. a cab damper.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner, which comprises transcritical CO 2 The system comprises a heat pump system module, a cab HVAC module, a coolant treatment module and a waste heat dissipation module.
The cab HVAC module includes a demisting heat exchanger 1, a cab heat exchanger 2, a cab blower 3, a first two-way throttle valve 33, a full-pass throttle valve 34, a demisting damper 35 and a cab damper 36.
The waste heat radiating module comprises a water-cooling heat exchanger 20, a radiator fan 21 and a radiator 22;
the cooling liquid processing module comprises a third stop valve 8, a battery cooler 9, a battery pack radiator 10, a first water pump 11, a first water tank 12, a third two-way throttle valve 13, a waterway four-way reversing valve 14, a motor radiator 15, a second water tank 16, an electric control device radiator 17, a second water pump 18 and a waterway three-way reversing valve 1;
transcritical CO 2 A heat pump system module including a passenger compartment blower 4, a passenger compartment heat exchanger 5, a first stop valve 6, a second stop valve 7, a fifth stop valve 23, a CO 2 The heat pump system module comprises a heat pump system module regenerator 24, an outdoor fan 25, an outdoor heat exchanger 26, a fourth stop valve 27, a three-way reversing valve 28, a compressor 29, a four-way reversing valve 30, a reservoir 31 and a second two-way throttle valve 32.
The outlet of the compressor 29 is connected with the port a of the four-way reversing valve 30, the port b of the four-way reversing valve 30 is connected with the port a of the three-way reversing valve 28, and the port c of the four-way reversing valve 30 is connected with CO through the liquid storage device 31 2 The port b of the heat pump system module regenerator 24 is connected, and the port d of the four-way reversing valve 30 is respectively connected with the inlets of the demisting heat exchanger 1 and the passenger compartment heat exchanger 5 and one end of the first stop valve 6. The outlet of the demisting heat exchanger 1 is connected with the cab heat exchanger 2 through a full-through throttle valve 34, and the cab heat exchanger 2, the demisting heat exchanger 1 and the cab fan 3 are integrated into a cab HVAC module. The module is provided with a demisting air door 35 and a cab air door 36 beside the demisting heat exchanger 1 and the cab heat exchanger 2 respectively, the cab heat exchanger 2 is connected with a first bidirectional throttle valve 33, the other port of the first bidirectional throttle valve 33 is connected with one end of a second bidirectional throttle valve 32, one end of a second stop valve 7 and one end of a third bidirectional throttle valve 13 respectively, and the other end of the second bidirectional throttle valve 32 is connected with a passenger compartment heat exchanger 5. The other end of the first shut-off valve 6 is connected to the b port of the battery cooler 9 and one end of the third shut-off valve 8, respectively. The port a of the battery cooler 9 is connected with the other end of the third two-way throttle valve 13, the port c of the battery cooler 9 is connected with the port c of the waterway four-way reversing valve 14,the port d of the battery cooler 9 is connected to the inlet of a first water pump 11 via a battery radiator 10. An outlet of the first water pump 11 is connected with a port d of the waterway four-way reversing valve 14, a first water tank 12 is arranged in the middle of the waterway four-way reversing valve, a port a of the waterway four-way reversing valve 14 is connected with an inlet of a second water pump 18, a second water tank 16 is arranged in the middle of the waterway four-way reversing valve, an outlet of the second water pump 18 is connected with an electric control device radiator 17, the electric control device radiator 17 is connected with two motor radiators 15 which are connected in parallel, and the motor radiators 15 which are connected in parallel are connected with a port c of the waterway three-way reversing valve 19. A first channel at one end of the water-cooling heat exchanger 20 is connected with a port b of the waterway three-way reversing valve 19; and a second channel at one end of the water-cooling heat exchanger 20 is connected with a port b of the waterway four-way reversing valve 14, and the port b of the waterway four-way reversing valve 14 is connected with one end of a radiator 22. The port of the waterway three-way reversing valve 19a is connected with the other end of the radiator 22, and the air outlet of the radiator fan 21 faces the radiator 22. The second channel at the other end of the water-cooled heat exchanger 20 is connected with the port b of the three-way reversing valve 28, one end of the fifth stop valve 23 of the first channel at the other end of the water-cooled heat exchanger 20 is connected with one end of the fourth stop valve 27, the other end of the fourth stop valve 27 is connected with the port c of the three-way reversing valve 28 and one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 26, an outdoor fan 25 is arranged beside the outdoor heat exchanger 26, and the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger 26 is respectively connected with the other end of the fifth stop valve 23 and the CO 2 The ports c of the heat pump system module regenerator 24 are connected. Said CO 2 And the port d of the heat pump system module regenerator 24 is respectively connected with the other end of the second stop valve 7 and the other end of the third stop valve 8.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a control method of an electric vehicle heat management system based on a transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the management system is powered on, monitoring the state of each device in the management system and confirming that the management system has no fault; further judging whether the management system is in a battery quick charge mode, if so, entering a mode 1-battery quick charge mode, and if not, entering a step two;
step two: collecting the temperatures of a passenger compartment and a cab, entering a mode 2-a passenger compartment single cooling mode when only the passenger compartment has a refrigerating requirement, entering a mode 3-the passenger compartment single heating mode when only the passenger compartment has a heating requirement, entering a mode 4-the cab single cooling mode when only the cab has the refrigerating requirement, entering a mode 5-a cab single heating mode when only the cab has the heating requirement, and entering a mode 6-a whole vehicle heating mode or a mode 7-a whole vehicle refrigerating mode according to the requirement when both the cab and the passenger compartment have the refrigerating or heating requirements;
step three: monitoring the temperature of a battery and the temperature of a motor and an electric control device, entering a mode 8-waste heat recovery mode when the battery or the motor and the electric control device have refrigeration requirements and a cab or a passenger cabin has heating requirements, entering a mode 9-battery thermal management mode when the cab or the passenger cabin has no heating requirements and the motor and the electric control device or the battery has temperature control requirements, and entering a mode 10-demisting mode once a demisting requirement signal is received in the driving process;
step four: when the temperatures of the cab, the passenger cabin, the battery, the motor and the electric control device are all in reasonable ranges or a power-off instruction is received, the compressor 29 is powered off, and equipment is initialized.
For CO 2 Transcritical refrigeration system due to CO 2 The particularity of physical properties in a supercritical region, the change of enthalpy difference caused by unit temperature change in the high-pressure side heat release process is an unequal change process along with the reduction of the outlet temperature of a gas cooler, so that trans-critical CO is caused 2 Passenger car air conditioning systems have optimal energy efficiency ratios at different exhaust pressures. To ensure maximum efficiency, different control logic is used, so that the system operates under the optimal condition in each mode.
As shown in fig. 3, mode 1-battery rapid charge mode is on, only the battery has a useful cold or heat demand. At this time, the first and second two- way throttle valves 33 and 32 are closed, the third two-way throttle valve 13 is opened, the first and second stop valves 6 and 7 are opened, the third stop valve 8 is closed, the fourth stop valve 27 is closed, the fifth stop valve 23 is closed, the first water pump 11 is opened, and the second water pump 18 is closed. CO during refrigeration 2 Enters the liquid storage device 31 through the first channel of the four-way reversing valve 30 for gas-liquid separation, and passes through the system moduleThe block regenerator 24 absorbs heat and then enters a compressor 29 for compression; compressed high temperature high pressure CO 2 Fluid enters the outdoor heat exchanger 26 through the second channel of the four-way reversing valve 30 and the first channel of the three-way reversing valve 28 to perform forced convection heat exchange with outdoor air, and cooled CO 2 After being subcooled by a second channel of the system module regenerator 24, the fluid enters a third bidirectional throttle valve 13 through a second stop valve 7 for throttle expansion, and then the CO at low temperature and low pressure enters the system module regenerator 2 The fluid enters the battery cooler 9 to be evaporated, the cooling liquid is cooled, and then the fluid enters the first channel of the four-way reversing valve 30 through the second stop valve 7 to return to the liquid storage device 31, so that the refrigeration cycle is completed. During heating, cooling liquid enters the battery cooler 9 through the first channel of the waterway four-way reversing valve 14 and reacts with CO 2 And fluid exchanges heat, flows through the battery part for heat exchange, is pumped to the water tank by the first water pump 11, and then returns to the first channel inlet of the waterway four-way reversing valve 14 to complete the temperature management of the battery. After receiving a mode 1 starting instruction, the first water pump 11 is started to collect the temperature of the battery at the moment, and when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to 5℃ and less than or equal to T C When the temperature is less than or equal to 40 ℃, the compressor 29 is not required to be started, and the cooling liquid self-circulation mode is entered. When the battery temperature T C >40 ℃ or T C <At 5 ℃, the first two-way throttle valve 33 is closed, the second two-way throttle valve 32 is closed, the third two-way throttle valve 13 is opened, the first stop valve 6 is opened, the second stop valve 7 is opened, and the third stop valve 8 is closed. When the battery temperature T C >At 40 ℃, the four-way reversing valve 30 is switched to a refrigeration mode; when T is C <And when the temperature is 5 ℃, the four-way reversing valve 30 is switched to a heating mode, and after the valve element state is confirmed to be correct, the compressor 29 is started. At the moment, the target cooling liquid inlet temperature T is automatically set according to the difference of the refrigeration mode and the heating mode w,set Monitoring the ambient temperature T 0 And the real-time cooling liquid inlet temperature T is monitored after the system runs stably w,in And the outlet temperature T of the cooling liquid w,out Adjusting compressor frequency up to T w,in ＝T w,set (ii) a The frequency adjustment formula is:
f 1 ＝f 1 (T 0 ,T w,set ,T w,in ,T w,out )
wherein: f. of 1 -the compressor frequency;
T 0 -ambient temperature during operation;
T w,set -the system sets the coolant inlet temperature;
T w,in -the coolant inlet temperature during operation;
T w,out -coolant outlet temperature during operation.
The third two-way throttle 13 is dependent on the compressor frequency f at that time 1 Coolant inlet temperature T w,in Outdoor ambient temperature T 0 Automatically adjusting the optimal exhaust pressure under the conditions;
P dis,opt ＝f(T w,in ,T 0 ,f 1 )
by automatic adjustment of the compressor frequency and the third two-way throttle 13, the system operates with the highest energy efficiency. When the battery temperature is within a reasonable range, the compressor 29 is stopped.
In the running process of the air conditioner of the passenger car, the return air temperature can reflect the real-time temperature in the carriage and is an important mark for judging whether the heating capacity or the refrigerating capacity reaches the required state, and after the mode 2-passenger compartment single-cold mode or the mode 4-cab single-cold mode receives an opening instruction, the four-way reversing valve 30 is switched to the refrigerating mode. The control method flow chart is shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5. The first cut valve 6 is closed, the second cut valve 7 is opened, the third cut valve 8 is closed, the full-bleed throttle valve 34 is in the full-bleed state, the first two-way throttle valve 33 is opened, the second two-way throttle valve 32 and the third two-way throttle valve 13 are closed if the mode 2 is opened, and the second two-way throttle valve 32 is opened, and the first two-way throttle valve 33 and the third two-way throttle valve 13 are closed if the mode 4 is opened. After determining that the valve element state is correct, the compressor 29 is turned on. T is set Return air temperature, T, set for the user R Return air temperature, T, for real-time monitoring 0 The outdoor environment temperature is obtained, the frequency regulation formula of the compressor is as follows,
f 1 ＝f 2 (T 0 ,T set ,T R )
the first two-way throttle valve 33 or the second two-way throttle valve 32 is based onCompressor frequency f at this time 1 Actual return air temperature T R Outdoor ambient temperature T 0 Automatically adjusting the optimal exhaust pressure under the condition to ensure that the system operates under the most energy-saving condition;
P dis,opt ＝f(T R ,T 0 ,f 1 )
after the adjustment is finished, acquiring the temperature of the battery, inquiring whether the battery needs thermal management or not, if so, working in cooperation with a battery thermal management mode, and if not, performing thermal management on the battery at T set -T R Turning off the compressor 29 at a temperature of not less than 3 ℃ R -T set The compressor 29 is started again when the temperature is more than or equal to 3 ℃.
As shown in fig. 8, after the mode 7-whole vehicle cooling mode receives an opening instruction, the four-way reversing valve 30 is switched to the cooling mode. The first cut valve 6 is closed, the second cut valve 7 is opened, the third cut valve 8 is closed, the full-bleed throttle valve 34 is in the full-bleed state, the first and second two- way throttle valves 33, 32 are opened, and the third two-way throttle valve 13 is closed. After confirming the correct valve state, the compressor 29 is turned on. Since the passenger compartment cooling demand is much greater than the driver's cabin, the compressor frequency is set by the user by the passenger compartment return air temperature T set Real-time monitoring passenger compartment return air temperature T R Outdoor ambient temperature T 0 According to the above formula f 2 And (6) carrying out adjustment. While the second two-way throttle 32 is dependent on the compressor frequency f at that time 1 Actual return air temperature T R Outdoor ambient temperature T 0 And the optimal exhaust pressure under the condition is automatically adjusted, so that the system is ensured to operate under the most energy-saving condition. The refrigerating capacity of the cab is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the first bidirectional throttle valve 33, so that the return air temperature of the cab reaches the set requirement. After the adjustment is finished, acquiring the temperature of the battery, inquiring whether the battery needs thermal management or not, if so, working in cooperation with a battery thermal management mode, and if not, meeting T requirements in a cab and a passenger cabin set -T R Closing the compressor 29 at a temperature of not less than 3 ℃, closing the corresponding two-way throttle valve when only one of the two-way throttle valve meets the condition, and closing the two-way throttle valve when the temperature T is higher than or equal to 3 DEG C R -T set And the corresponding two-way throttle valve is opened again when the temperature is more than or equal to 3 ℃, and the compressor 29 is started.
After the mode 3-passenger cabin single heat mode or the mode 5-cab single heat mode receives the opening instruction, the four-way reversing valve 30 is switched to the heating mode. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the control flow chart is that the first cut-off valve 6 is closed, the second cut-off valve 7 is opened, the third cut-off valve 8 is closed, and the full-pass throttle valve 34 is in the full-pass state, and if the mode 3 is opened, the first two-way throttle valve 33 is opened, the second two-way throttle valve 32 and the third two-way throttle valve 13 are closed, and if the mode 5 is opened, the second two-way throttle valve 32 is opened, and the first two-way throttle valve 33 and the third two-way throttle valve 13 are closed. After determining that the valve element state is correct, the compressor 29 is turned on. T is set For a set return air temperature, T R Return air temperature, T, for real-time monitoring 0 Is the outdoor ambient temperature, f1 is the compressor frequency, P suc And P dis The inlet and outlet pressure values of the compressor 29.
Ideal return air temperature T is set set Thereafter, the compressor 29 starts to operate, and the first two-way throttle valve 33 or the second two-way throttle valve 32 is operated according to the frequency f at that time 1 And setting the return air temperature T set Outdoor ambient temperature T 0 Automatically adjusting the optimal exhaust pressure under the condition;
P dis ＝f(T set ,T 0 ,f 1 )
wherein: p dis -compressor discharge pressure;
T 0 -the outdoor ambient temperature;
f 1 -compressor frequency.
Monitoring real-time return air temperature T after system operation is stable R Whether or not to meet the set return air temperature T set If the rotation speed and the opening degree of the expansion valve are the same, continuously operating at the current rotation speed and the current opening degree of the expansion valve; if T R <T set Then increase the compressor frequency f 1 The expansion valve opening is readjusted again so that the exhaust pressure reaches an optimum value.
After the adjustment is finished, whether defrosting is needed or not is judged according to the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the evaporating temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 26. If T 0 -T outdoor >At 12 deg.C, defrost is required, at which time the pressure is shut offThe compressor 29 and the four-way selector valve 30 are switched to the cooling mode, and the cabin and passenger compartment dampers are closed. To ensure safe operation of compressor 29, when P dis -P suc <And when the pressure is 1MPa, the compressor 29 is started, the compressor 29 is closed after 3 minutes, the four-way reversing valve 30 is switched to the heating mode again, and the heating mode is executed. If defrosting is not needed, the temperatures of the battery, the motor and the electric control device are collected, whether a heat management requirement exists is inquired, if only the battery needs heat management, the battery and the motor are operated in a heat management mode in a coordinated mode, corresponding on-off logic is executed, and if the heat management requirements exist, the battery and the motor and the electric control device are operated in a coordinated mode in a waste heat recovery mode. When there is no thermal management requirement, when T R -T set >At 3 deg.C, the compressor 29 is turned off, when T set -T R >And when the temperature is 3 ℃, the heating mode is started again.
As shown in fig. 9, after the mode 6-the whole vehicle heating mode receives the opening command, the four-way selector valve 30 is switched to the heating mode. The first cut-off valve 6 is closed, the second cut-off valve 7 is opened, the third cut-off valve 8 is closed, the full-pass throttle valve 34 is in the full-pass state, the first and second two- way throttle valves 33 and 32 are opened, and the third two-way throttle valve 13 is closed. After confirming the correct valve state, the compressor 29 is turned on. Since the passenger compartment heating capacity requirement is much greater than the driver's cabin, the user sets the desired return air temperature T for the driver's cabin and the passenger compartment set Thereafter, the compressor 29 is operated, the second bi-directional throttle 32 is automatically adjusted to the optimum discharge pressure according to the above formula, and the real-time passenger compartment return air temperature T is monitored after the system operation is stabilized R Whether or not to meet the set return air temperature T set If the frequency is the same as the current frequency, the operation is continuously carried out under the condition that the opening degree of the second bidirectional throttle valve 32 is the same as the current frequency; if T R <T set Then the compressor frequency is increased and the second two-way throttle 32 opening is again readjusted so that the discharge pressure reaches an optimum value. Meanwhile, the heating capacity of the cab is controlled by adjusting the opening of the first bidirectional throttle valve 33, so that the return air temperature of the cab reaches the set requirement. After the adjustment is finished, whether defrosting is needed or not is judged according to the control logic, and whether thermal management requirements exist on the battery, the motor and the electric control device or not is inquired. If defrosting is not required and thermal management is not required, T is achieved in both the cab and the passenger compartment R -T set >At 3 deg.c, the compressor 29 is shut down, and when only one of them meets the condition, the corresponding two-way throttle valve is closed. When the cab or passenger compartment T set -T R >And when the temperature is 3 ℃, the corresponding bidirectional throttle valve is opened, and the heating mode is started again.
As shown in FIG. 10, after entering the mode 8-waste heat recovery mode, the three-way reversing valve 28 is communicated with the second passage if the battery temperature T is higher than the first temperature C >At 40 ℃, the motor, the electric control device and the battery have cooling requirements, the waste heat is large, and the evaporation heat exchange requirement can be met only by the water-cooling heat exchanger 20. At this time, the fourth stop valve 27 is closed, the fifth stop valve 23 is opened, the second passage of the waterway three-way reversing valve 19 is communicated, the 3 rd passage and the 4 th passage of the waterway four-way reversing valve 14 are communicated, the third two-way throttle valve 13 is in a closed state, the first stop valve 6 is closed, the second stop valve 7 is opened, and the third stop valve 8 is closed. If the battery needs no cooling and the waste heat is reduced, the water-cooled heat exchanger 20 and the outdoor heat exchanger 26 are connected in series to prevent potential safety hazards due to insufficient evaporation. At this time, the fourth cut-off valve 27 is opened, the fifth cut-off valve 23 is closed, the 2 nd passage of the waterway three-way switching valve 19 is communicated, and the 1 st passage and the 2 nd passage of the waterway four-way switching valve 14 are communicated. After the valve adjustment is finished, when the cab is in the single heating mode, the first bidirectional throttle valve 33 controls the exhaust pressure to enable the energy efficiency to reach an optimal value, and when the air conditioner is in the passenger compartment single heating mode or the whole vehicle heating mode, the second bidirectional throttle valve 32 controls the exhaust pressure to enable the energy efficiency to reach an optimal value. User setting of ideal return air temperature T set Thereafter, the first two-way throttle valve 33 or the second two-way throttle valve 32 is adjusted according to the compressor frequency f at that time 1 And setting the return air temperature T set And the water inlet temperature T of the water-cooled heat exchanger 20 g,in Automatically adjusting the optimal exhaust pressure under the condition;
P dis,opt ＝f(T set ,T g,in ,f 1 )
monitoring real-time return air temperature T after system operation is stable R Whether or not to reach the set return air temperature T set If the rotation speed and the opening degree of the expansion valve are the same, continuously operating at the current rotation speed and the current opening degree of the expansion valve; if T is R <T set Then the frequency f of the compressor is increased 1 Is once again heavyThe opening degree of the first bidirectional throttle valve 33 or the second throttle valve is newly adjusted so that the exhaust pressure reaches an optimum value. And ending the waste heat recovery mode after the temperature of the motor and the electric control device is in a reasonable temperature range.
As shown in FIG. 11, after entering mode 9-Battery thermal management mode, if the battery temperature T is C >And if the temperature is 40 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a closed state, the third two-way throttling valve 13 is opened, the first two- way throttling valves 33 and 2 are closed, the four-way reversing valve 30 is switched to a refrigerating mode, and the compressor 29 is started. The compressor frequency control and the optimal exhaust pressure control are the same as in the battery fast charge mode. If the battery temperature T C >If the temperature is 40 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a refrigeration mode, the third bidirectional throttle valve 13 is directly opened to enable the cooling liquid heat exchanger to be connected with other indoor heat exchangers in parallel, and T is adjusted by adjusting the third bidirectional throttle valve 13 w,in =15 ℃. If the battery temperature T C >At 40 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a heating mode, the first stop valve 6 and the second stop valve 7 are closed, the third stop valve 8 is opened, the third bidirectional throttle valve 13 is opened, so that the cooling liquid heat exchanger is connected with the outdoor heat exchanger 26 in series, and T is adjusted by adjusting the third bidirectional throttle valve 13 w,in =15 ℃. If the battery temperature T C <And when the temperature is 0 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a closed state, the four-way reversing valve 30 is switched to a heating mode, the third two-way throttle valve 13 is opened, the first two- way throttle valves 33 and 2 are closed, and the compressor 29 is started. The compressor frequency control and the optimal exhaust pressure control are the same as in the battery fast charge mode. If the battery temperature T C <0 ℃, the air conditioner is started, the air conditioner is in a heating mode at the moment, the third bidirectional throttling valve 13 is directly opened to enable the cooling liquid heat exchanger to be connected with other indoor heat exchangers in parallel, and T is adjusted by adjusting the third bidirectional throttling valve 13 w,in =30 ℃. When the temperature is less than or equal to 0 ℃ and T C And closing the third bidirectional throttle valve 13 at the temperature of less than or equal to 40 ℃, and exiting the battery thermal management mode.
As shown in FIG. 12, upon receiving the mode 10-defog signal, defog mode is entered. If the ambient temperature T is monitored 0 >And (3) entering a cold air dehumidification mode at 18 ℃, namely cooling and dehumidifying the wet air by the cab heat exchanger 2 and the demisting heat exchanger 1 in sequence to achieve the aim of demisting. At this time, the four-way reversing valve 30 is switched to the cooling mode, firstThe two-way throttle valve 33 is in an open state and the full-pass throttle valve 34 is in a full-pass state. The compressor 29 is started, and the first two-way throttle valve 33 is adjusted to the evaporating pressure P which is not less than 3.8MPa e Less than or equal to 4.2MPa. If the monitored ambient temperature is less than or equal to T at 0 DEG C 0 Not more than 18 ℃, then get into the dry air heating dehumidification mode, the humid air cools off the dehumidification through cab heat exchanger 2 earlier promptly, and rethread defogging heat exchanger 1 heats the air and blows to glass again, reaches the defogging purpose under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the travelling comfort. At this time, the four-way selector valve 30 is in the heating mode, the first two-way throttle valve 33 is opened, and the full-pass throttle valve 34 is in the throttle state. The compressor 29 is started, and the air outlet temperature of the demisting heat exchanger 1 is controlled to be T by the full-through throttle valve 34 D ＝T R +5 ℃. If the ambient temperature T is monitored 0 <And (3) entering a hot air dehumidification mode at 0 ℃, and directly blowing hot air to the glass to achieve the purpose of heating and demisting. At this time, the air conditioner in the vehicle is in the heat pump opening state, and the defogging air door 35 is directly opened after the first bidirectional throttle valve 33 is ensured to be in the opening state.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The electric vehicle heat management system based on the transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner is characterized by comprising a transcritical CO 2 The system comprises a heat pump system module, a cab HVAC module, a coolant treatment module and a waste heat dissipation module;
the cab HVAC module comprises a demisting heat exchanger (1), a cab heat exchanger (2), a cab fan (3), a first bidirectional throttle valve (33), a full-through throttle valve (34), a demisting air door (35) and a cab air door (36); the waste heat radiating module comprises a water-cooling heat exchanger (20), a radiator fan (21) and a radiator (22); the cooling liquid processing module comprises a third stop valve (8), a battery cooler (9), a battery pack radiator (10), a first water pump (11), a first water tank (12), a third two-way throttle valve (13), a waterway four-way reversing valve (14), a motor radiator (15), a second water tank (16), an electric control device radiator (17), a second water pump (18) and a waterway three-way reversing valve (19); the trans-critical CO 2 The heat pump system module comprises a passenger compartment fan (4), a passenger compartment heat exchanger (5), a first stop valve (6), a second stop valve (7), a fifth stop valve (23), and a CO 2 The heat pump system comprises a heat pump system module heat regenerator (24), an outdoor heat exchanger fan (25), an outdoor heat exchanger (26), a fourth stop valve (27), a three-way reversing valve (28), a compressor (29), a four-way reversing valve (30), a liquid reservoir (31) and a second bidirectional throttle valve (32);
the compressor (29) is connected with an a port of a four-way reversing valve (30), a b port of the four-way reversing valve (30) is connected with an a port of a three-way reversing valve (28), and a c port of the four-way reversing valve (30) is connected with CO through a liquid storage device (31) 2 A port b of a heat pump system module regenerator (24) is connected, and a port d of the four-way reversing valve (30) is respectively connected with one end of the demisting heat exchanger (1), one end of the passenger compartment heat exchanger (5) and one end of the first stop valve (6); the demisting heat exchanger (1) is connected with the cab heat exchanger (2) through a full-through throttle valve (34); the other port of the cab heat exchanger (2) is connected with a first bidirectional throttle valve (33), the other port of the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) is respectively connected with one end of a second bidirectional throttle valve (32), a second stop valve (7) and a third bidirectional throttle valve (13), the other end of the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) is connected with a passenger compartment heat exchanger (5), and the other end of the first stop valve (6) is respectively connected with a b port of a battery cooler (9) and a third stop valve (8); the port a of the battery cooler (9) is connected with the other end of the third bidirectional throttle valve (13), the port c of the battery cooler (9) is connected with the port c of the waterway four-way reversing valve (14), and the port d of the battery cooler (9) is dispersed by a battery packThe water-cooled heat exchanger is characterized in that a heater (10) is connected with an inlet of a first water pump (11), an outlet of the first water pump (11) is connected with a d port of a waterway four-way reversing valve (14), a first water tank (12) is arranged in the middle of the first water pump, an a port of the waterway four-way reversing valve (14) is connected with an inlet of a second water pump (18), a second water tank (16) is arranged in the middle of the waterway four-way reversing valve, an outlet of the second water pump (18) is connected with an electric control device radiator (17), the electric control device radiator (17) is connected with two parallel motor radiators (15) through pipelines, the parallel motor radiators (15) are connected with a c port of a waterway three-way reversing valve (19), and a first channel at one end of a water-cooled heat exchanger (20) is connected with a b port of the waterway three-way reversing valve (19); a second channel at one end of the water-cooling heat exchanger (20) is connected with a port b of the waterway four-way reversing valve (14), and the port b of the waterway four-way reversing valve (14) is connected with one end of a radiator (22); the opening a of the waterway three-way reversing valve (19) is connected with the other end of the radiator (22), and the air outlet of the radiator fan (21) faces the radiator (22); the second channel of the other end of the water-cooling heat exchanger (20) is connected with the port b of the three-way reversing valve (28), the first channel of the other end of the water-cooling heat exchanger (20) is connected with one end of a fifth stop valve (23) and one end of a fourth stop valve (27), the other end of the fourth stop valve (27) is connected with the port c of the three-way reversing valve (28) and one end of an outdoor heat exchanger (26), an outdoor fan (25) is arranged beside the outdoor heat exchanger (26), and the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger (26) is connected with the other end of the fifth stop valve (23) and CO respectively 2 A port c of a heat pump system module regenerator (24); the CO is 2 And a port d of the heat pump system module heat regenerator (24) is respectively connected with the other end of the second stop valve (7) and the other end of the third stop valve (8).
2. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on the transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner is characterized in that when the electric vehicle thermal management system is in a mode 1, a first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and a second bidirectional throttle valve (32) are closed, a third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is opened, a first stop valve (6) and a second stop valve (7) are opened, a third stop valve (8) is closed, a fourth stop valve (27) is closed, a fifth stop valve (23) is closed, a first water pump (11) is opened, and a second water pump (18) is closed.
3. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on the transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the electric vehicle thermal management system is in mode 2 or mode 4, the four-way reversing valve (30) is switched to a cooling mode; the first stop valve (6) is closed, the second stop valve (7) is opened, the third stop valve (8) is closed, and the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a full-through state;
if in mode 2, the first two-way throttle valve (33) is opened, and the second two-way throttle valve (32) and the third two-way throttle valve (13) are closed; if in mode 4, the second two-way throttle valve (32) is open and the first (33) and third (13) two-way throttle valves are closed.
4. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on the transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the electric vehicle thermal management system is in mode 7, the four-way reversing valve (30) is switched to a cooling mode; the first stop valve (6) is closed, the second stop valve (7) is opened, the third stop valve (8) is closed, the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a full-through state, the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) are opened, and the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is closed.
5. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on the transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the electric vehicle thermal management system is in a mode 3 or a mode 5, the four-way reversing valve (30) is switched to a heating mode; the first stop valve (6) is closed, the second stop valve (7) is opened, the third stop valve (8) is closed, and the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a full-through state;
if the mode is 3, the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) is opened, and the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) and the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) are closed; if the mode 5 is adopted, the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) is opened, and the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) are closed.
6. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on the transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the electric vehicle thermal management system is in mode 6, the four-way reversing valve (30) is switched to a heating mode; the first stop valve (6) is closed, the second stop valve (7) is opened, the third stop valve (8) is closed, the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a full-through state, the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) are opened, and the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is closed.
7. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on the transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the electric vehicle thermal management system is in mode 8, the second passages of the three-way reversing valves (28) are communicated;
if the battery temperature T C The temperature is higher than 40 ℃, the fourth stop valve (27) is closed, the fifth stop valve (23) is opened, the ac channel of the waterway three-way reversing valve (19) is communicated, the bc channel of the waterway four-way reversing valve (14) is communicated with the ad channel, the third two-way throttle valve (13) is in a closed state, the second stop valve (7) is opened, and the first stop valve (6) and the third stop valve (8) are closed; if T C And (3) opening the fourth stop valve (27) at the temperature of less than or equal to 40 ℃, closing the fifth stop valve (23), communicating the ac channel of the waterway three-way reversing valve (19), and communicating the ab channel of the waterway four-way reversing valve (14) with the cd channel.
8. The transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioning based electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 1 wherein said electric vehicle thermal management system is in mode 9;
if the battery temperature T C If the temperature is higher than 40 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a closed state, the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is opened, the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) are closed, and the four-way reversing valve (30) is switched to a refrigeration mode;
if the battery temperature T C If the temperature is higher than 40 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a refrigeration mode, a third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is opened to enable the cooling liquid heat exchanger to be connected with other indoor heat exchangers in parallel;
if the battery temperature T C If the temperature is higher than 40 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a heating mode, the first stop valve (6) and the second stop valve (7) are closed, the third stop valve (8) is opened, and the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is opened, so that cooling is realizedThe liquid heat exchanger is connected with the outdoor heat exchanger (26) in series;
if the battery temperature T C If the temperature is less than 0 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a closed state, the four-way reversing valve (30) is switched to a heating mode, the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is opened, and the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) are closed;
if the battery temperature T C If the temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the air conditioner is started, and a third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is opened to enable the cooling liquid heat exchanger to be connected with other indoor heat exchangers in parallel;
when the temperature is less than or equal to 0 ℃ and T C The third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is closed at the temperature of less than or equal to 40 ℃.
9. The transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner based electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 1, wherein when in mode 10;
if the ambient temperature T 0 >The four-way reversing valve (30) is switched to a refrigeration mode at 18 ℃, the first two-way throttle valve (33) is in an open state, the full-pass throttle valve (34) is in a full-pass state, and the demisting air door (35) is opened;
if the monitored ambient temperature is less than or equal to T at 0 DEG C 0 The four-way reversing valve (30) is in a heating mode at the temperature of less than or equal to 18 ℃, the first two-way throttle valve (33) is opened, the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a throttling state, and the demisting air door (35) is opened;
if the ambient temperature T is monitored 0 <And at the temperature of 0 ℃, the four-way reversing valve (30) is in a heating mode, the first two-way throttle valve (33) is opened, the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a full-through state, and the demisting air door (35) is opened.
10. The electric vehicle heat management method based on the transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner is characterized in that the electric vehicle heat management system based on the transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner in claim 1 comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the thermal management system is powered on, monitoring the state of each device in the thermal management system, and confirming that the thermal management system has no fault; further judging whether the thermal management system is in a battery quick charging mode, if so, entering a mode 1-battery quick charging mode, and if not, entering a step two;
step two: collecting the temperatures of a cab and a passenger compartment, entering a mode 2-a passenger compartment single cooling mode when only the passenger compartment has a refrigerating requirement, entering a mode 3-the passenger compartment single heating mode when only the passenger compartment has a heating requirement, entering a mode 4-the cab single cooling mode when only the cab has the refrigerating requirement, entering a mode 5-the cab single heating mode when only the cab has the heating requirement, and entering a mode 6-a whole vehicle heating mode or a mode 7-a whole vehicle refrigerating mode according to the requirement when both the cab and the passenger compartment have the refrigerating or heating requirements;
step three: monitoring the temperature of a battery pack and the temperature of a motor and an electric control device, entering a mode 8-waste heat recovery mode when the battery or the motor and the electric control device have refrigeration requirements and the cab or the passenger cabin has heating requirements, entering a mode 9-battery heat management mode when the cab and the passenger cabin have no heating requirements and the battery or the motor and the electric control device have temperature control requirements, and entering a mode 10-demisting mode once demisting requirement signals are received in the driving process;
(1) The battery quick-charging mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: starting the first water pump (11), and judging the temperature T of the battery at the moment C Whether greater than 40 ℃ or less than 5 ℃;
step two: when the battery temperature T C When the temperature is higher than 40 ℃, ab channels of the four-way reversing valve (30) are communicated, cd channels are communicated; when T is C When the temperature is lower than 5 ℃, the four-way reversing valve (30) switches a bc channel to be communicated with an ad channel, at the moment, the first bidirectional throttling valve (33) and the second bidirectional throttling valve (32) are closed, the third bidirectional throttling valve (13) is opened, the first stop valve (6) and the second stop valve (7) are opened, and the third stop valve (8), the fourth stop valve (27) and the fifth stop valve (23) are closed;
step three: after the state of the valve element is checked to be normal, starting a compressor (29);
step four: setting the inlet temperature T of the cooling liquid according to the difference of the refrigeration mode and the heating mode w，set Monitoring the ambient temperature T0 and the real-time cooling liquid inlet temperature T after the system runs stably w，in And the outlet temperature T of the cooling liquid w，out Regulating compressionFrequency of machine up to T w，in ＝T w，set (ii) a The frequency adjustment formula is:
f 1 ＝f 1 (T 0 ，T w，set ，T w，in ，T w，out )
wherein: f. of 1 Is the compressor frequency;
according to f1 and T w，in And T 0 The opening of the third two-way throttle valve (13) is adjusted to achieve the optimal exhaust pressure P under the condition dis，opt ；
P dis，opt ＝f(T w，in ，T 0 ，f 1 )
Through the adjustment of the frequency of the compressor and the third bidirectional throttle valve (13), the system operates under the condition of highest energy efficiency, and when the temperature of the battery meets the condition that T is more than or equal to 5 DEG C C When the temperature is less than or equal to 40 ℃, the compressor (29) stops working;
(2) The passenger compartment single cooling mode includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the ab channel of the four-way reversing valve (30) is communicated with the cd channel;
step two: opening a full-through throttle valve (34), closing a first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and a third bidirectional throttle valve (13), opening a second bidirectional throttle valve (32), opening a second stop valve (7), closing a first stop valve (6), a third stop valve (8), a fourth stop valve (27) and a fifth stop valve (23), closing a first water pump (11) and closing a second water pump (18);
step three: after the valve element state is determined to be normal, starting a compressor (29);
step four: t is a unit of set To a set return air temperature, T R For real-time monitoring of the return air temperature, T0 is the outdoor environment temperature, and the frequency regulation formula of the compressor at the moment is as follows:
f 1 ＝f 2 (T 0 ，T set ，T R )
according to the compressor frequency f at this time 1 、T R 、T 0 The opening degree of the second two-way throttle valve (32) is controlled so as to obtain the optimum exhaust pressure P under the condition dis，opt ；
P dis，opt ＝f(T R ，T 0 ，f 1 )
Step five: acquiring the temperature of the battery, inquiring whether the battery needs thermal management or not, if so, working in cooperation with a battery thermal management mode, and if not, performing thermal management at T set -T R Turning off the compressor (29) at a temperature of not less than 3 ℃, T R -T set Starting the compressor (29) again when the temperature is more than or equal to 3 ℃;
(3) The cab cooling only mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the ab cutting channel of the four-way reversing valve (30) is communicated with the cd channel;
step two: the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) is opened, the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) and the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) are closed, the full-pass throttle valve (34) is in a full-pass state, the second stop valve (7) is opened, the first stop valve (6), the third stop valve (8), the fourth stop valve (27) and the fifth stop valve (23) are closed, and the first water pump (11) and the second water pump (18) are closed;
step three: after the valve element state is determined to be normal, starting a compressor (29);
step four: t is a unit of set To a set return air temperature, T R Return air temperature, T, for real-time monitoring 0 The outdoor ambient temperature, at this time, the compressor frequency adjustment formula is,
f 1 ＝f 2 (T 0 ，T set ，T R )
according to f at this time 1 、T R And T 0 The opening of the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) is controlled and adjusted, so that the optimal exhaust pressure under the condition is achieved, and the system is ensured to operate under the most energy-saving condition;
P dis，opt ＝f(T R ，T 0 ，f 1 )
step five: acquiring the temperature of the battery, inquiring whether the battery needs thermal management or not, if so, working in cooperation with a battery thermal management mode, and if not, performing thermal management at T set -T R Closing the compressor (29) at a temperature of not less than 3 ℃, T R -T set Starting the compressor (29) again when the temperature is more than or equal to 3 ℃;
(4) The whole vehicle refrigeration mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the ab channel of the four-way reversing valve (30) is communicated with the cd channel;
step two: the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) are opened, the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is closed, the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a full-through state, the second stop valve (7) is opened, the first stop valve (6), the third stop valve (8), the fourth stop valve (27) and the fifth stop valve (23) are closed, and the first water pump (11) and the second water pump (18) are closed;
step three: confirming the valve element state is correct, and starting a compressor (29);
step four: compressor frequency f 1 From the set passenger compartment return air temperature T set Passenger compartment return air temperature T monitored in real time R Outdoor ambient temperature T 0 According to the formula pair f 2 To adjust
f 1 ＝f 2 (T 0 ，T set ，T R )
According to f at this time 1 、T R 、T 0 The opening of the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) is adjusted, so that the optimal exhaust pressure under the condition is obtained, the system is ensured to operate under the most energy-saving condition,
P dis，opt ＝f(T R ，T 0 ，f 1 )
the refrigerating capacity of the cab is controlled by adjusting the opening of the first bidirectional throttle valve (33), so that the return air temperature of the cab reaches the set requirement;
step five: collecting the temperature of the battery, combining whether the battery needs thermal management or not, if so, working in cooperation with a battery thermal management mode, and if not, meeting T requirements in a cab and a passenger cabin set -T R Closing the compressor (29) at the temperature of more than or equal to 3 ℃, and closing the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) only when the cab meets the condition; closing the second bidirectional throttle (32) only if the passenger compartment is satisfied, when T R -T set When the temperature is more than or equal to 3 ℃, the corresponding bidirectional throttle valve is opened again, and the compressor (29) is started;
(5) The passenger compartment mono-thermal mode includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the ad channel of the four-way reversing valve (30) is communicated with the cb channel;
step two: the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) is opened, the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) are closed, the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a full-through state, the second stop valve (7) is opened, the first stop valve (6), the third stop valve (8), the fourth stop valve (27) and the fifth stop valve (23) are closed, and the first water pump (11) and the second water pump (18) are closed;
step three: confirming the state of the valve element is correct, and starting a compressor (29);
step four: t is set For a set return air temperature, T R For real-time monitoring of the return air temperature, T0 is the outdoor ambient temperature, f1 is the compressor frequency, P suc And P dis The pressure values of the inlet and the outlet of the compressor (29);
ideal return air temperature T is set set Then, the compressor (29) starts to operate, and the second two-way throttle valve (32) sets the return air temperature T according to the frequency f1 at that time set Automatically adjusting the outdoor environment temperature T0 to the optimal exhaust pressure under the condition;
P dis ＝f(T set ，T 0 ，f 1 )
step five: determine T R ＝T set If yes, the operation is continued under the current rotating speed and the opening degree of a second bidirectional throttle valve (32) if the rotating speed and the opening degree are the same; if T R ＜T set Then increase the compressor frequency f 1 Readjusting the opening of the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) so that the exhaust pressure reaches an optimal value;
step six: judging whether defrosting is needed or not according to the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the evaporation temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger (26), and if T is judged 0 -T outdoor ＞12℃，T outdoor The defrosting is needed when the outdoor heat exchanger (26) is at the evaporating temperature, at the moment, the compressor (29) is closed, the four-way reversing valve (30) is communicated with the four-way reversing valve (30) ab and the cd channel, and the air door of the cab and the passenger compartment is closed; when P is present dis -P suc When the pressure is less than 1MPa, the compressor (29) is started, the compressor (29) is closed after 3 minutes, and the four-way reversing valve (30) is switched again to communicate the ad channel and the cb channel; if defrosting is not needed, collecting the battery and electricityThe system comprises a battery, a battery heat management mode, a waste heat recovery mode, a machine temperature and a power supply management module, wherein the machine temperature inquires whether a heat management requirement exists, if only the battery needs heat management, the machine temperature and the battery heat management mode are operated in a coordinated mode, corresponding startup and shutdown logics are executed, and if the heat management requirements exist, the machine temperature and the waste heat recovery mode are operated in a coordinated mode; when there is no thermal management requirement, when T R -T set At > 3 ℃, the compressor (29) is turned off, when T is set -T R When the temperature is higher than 3 ℃, the heating mode is started again;
(6) The cab mono-hot mode comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the ad channel of the four-way reversing valve (30) is communicated with the cb channel;
step two: the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) is opened, the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) and the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) are closed, the full-pass throttle valve (34) is in a full-pass state, the second stop valve (7) is opened, the first stop valve (6), the third stop valve (8), the fourth stop valve (27) and the fifth stop valve (23) are closed, and the first water pump (11) and the second water pump (18) are closed;
step three: confirming the valve element state is correct, and starting a compressor (29);
step four: t is set For a set return air temperature, T R For real-time monitoring of return air temperature, T0 is outdoor ambient temperature, f1 is compressor frequency, P suc And P dis The pressure values of the inlet and the outlet of the compressor (29);
setting ideal return air temperature T set Then, the compressor (29) starts to operate, and the first two-way throttle valve (33) is operated according to the frequency f 1 And setting the return air temperature T set Outdoor ambient temperature T 0 Automatically adjusting the optimal exhaust pressure under the condition;
P dis ＝f(T set ，T 0 ，f 1 )
step five: judgment of T R ＝T set If yes, continuously operating under the current rotating speed and the opening degree of the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) if the rotating speed and the opening degree are the same; if T R ＜T set If so, increasing the frequency f1 of the compressor, and readjusting the opening of the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) to enable the exhaust pressure to reach an optimal value;
step six: the ambient temperature is adjusted toThe temperature difference of the evaporation temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger (26) is used for judging whether defrosting is needed or not, if so, T 0 -T outdoor ＞12℃，T outdoor When the temperature is the evaporating temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger (26), defrosting is performed, the compressor (29) is closed, the ab channel of the four-way reversing valve (30) is communicated with the cd channel, and the air door of a cab and the air door of a passenger compartment are closed; when P is dis -P suc When the pressure is less than 1MPa, the compressor (29) is started, the compressor (29) is closed after 3 minutes, and the four-way reversing valve (30) is switched again to be communicated with the ad channel and the cb channel; if defrosting is not needed, acquiring the temperatures of the battery and the motor, inquiring whether a heat management requirement exists, if only the battery needs heat management, operating in coordination with a battery heat management mode, executing corresponding startup and shutdown logics, and if the heat management requirements exist, operating in coordination with a waste heat recovery mode; when there is no thermal management requirement, when T R -T set At > 3 ℃, the compressor (29) is turned off, when T is set -T R When the temperature is higher than 3 ℃, the heating mode is started again;
(7) The whole vehicle heating mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the ad channel of the four-way reversing valve (30) is communicated with the cb channel;
step two: the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) are opened, the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is closed, the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a full-through state, the second stop valve (7) is opened, the first stop valve (6), the third stop valve (8), the fourth stop valve (27) and the fifth stop valve (23) are closed, and the first water pump (11) and the second water pump (18) are closed;
step three: after the valve element state is confirmed to be correct, the compressor (29) is started;
step four: setting the ideal return air temperature T of the passenger compartment set Then, the compressor (29) starts to work, the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) automatically adjusts to the optimal exhaust pressure according to a formula,
P dis ＝f(T set ，T 0 ，f 1 )
system operation is stable, and real-time passenger cabin return air temperature T is monitored R Whether or not to reach the set return air temperature T set If the current frequency and the opening degree of the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) are the same, the operation is continuously carried out(ii) a If T R ＜T set Increasing the frequency of the compressor, readjusting the opening of the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) again to enable the exhaust pressure to reach an optimal value, and controlling the heating capacity of the cab by adjusting the opening of the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) to enable the return air temperature of the cab to reach a set requirement;
step five: judging whether defrosting is needed and inquiring whether the battery and the motor have heat management requirements, and when defrosting is not needed and heat management is not needed, the temperature of the battery and the motor reaches T in a cab and a passenger compartment R -T set After > 3 ℃, the compressor (29) is shut down; when only the passenger compartment satisfies T R -T set At > 3 ℃, closing the second bidirectional throttle valve (32); when only the cab satisfies T R -T set When the temperature is higher than 3 ℃, the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) is closed; when the cab T set -T R When the temperature is higher than 3 ℃, a first bidirectional throttle valve (33) is opened; when passenger compartment T set -T R At > 3 ℃, opening a second bidirectional throttle valve (32);
(8) The waste heat recovery mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: an ad channel of the four-way reversing valve (30) is communicated with a cb channel, and an ab channel of the three-way reversing valve (28) is communicated;
step two: judging the battery temperature T c Size of (c), if T C The temperature is higher than 40 ℃, the fourth stop valve (27) is closed, the fifth stop valve (23) is opened, the ac channel of the waterway three-way reversing valve (19) is communicated, the bc channel of the waterway four-way reversing valve (14) is communicated with the ad channel, the third two-way throttle valve (13) is in a closed state, the second stop valve (7) is opened, and the first stop valve (6) and the third stop valve (8) are closed; if T is C The fourth stop valve (27) is opened at the temperature of less than or equal to 40 ℃, the fifth stop valve (23) is closed, the ac passage of the waterway three-way reversing valve (19) is communicated, and the ab passage of the waterway four-way reversing valve (14) is communicated with the cd passage;
step three: judging whether the single-heating mode of the cab is currently adopted,
when the cab is in the single heating mode, the ideal return air temperature T is set firstly set The return air temperature T is set according to the frequency f1 of the compressor at this time set Water inlet temperature, T, of the water-cooled heat exchanger (20) g，in Adjusting a first bidirectional throttle valve (33) to achieve an optimal exhaust pressure under the condition;
P dis，opt ＝f(T set ，T g，in ，f 1 )；
when the air conditioner is in the passenger compartment single heat mode or the whole vehicle heating mode, the ideal return air temperature T is set firstly set The return air temperature T is set according to the frequency f1 of the compressor at this time set Water inlet temperature, T, of the water-cooled heat exchanger (20) g，in By adjusting a second two-way throttle valve (32) to achieve optimum exhaust pressure under such conditions;
P dis，opt ＝f(T set ，T g，in ，f 1 )
step four: monitoring real-time return air temperature T after system operation is stable R Whether or not to reach the set return air temperature T set If the rotation speed and the opening degree of the expansion valve are the same, continuously operating at the current rotation speed and the current opening degree of the expansion valve; if T R ＜T set Increasing the frequency f1 of the compressor, readjusting the opening degree of the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) or the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) again to make the exhaust pressure reach the optimal value, and operating until the temperature of the motor meets T R -T set Ending the waste heat recovery mode after the temperature is higher than 3 ℃;
(9) The battery thermal management mode includes the steps of:
if the battery temperature T C If the temperature is higher than 40 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a closed state, a third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is opened, a first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and a second bidirectional throttle valve (32) are closed, a four-way reversing valve (30) ab is communicated with a cd channel, a compressor (29) is opened, and the frequency control and the optimal exhaust pressure control of the compressor are the same as those of a battery quick-charging mode;
if the battery temperature T C If the temperature is higher than 40 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a refrigeration mode, the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is directly opened to enable the cooling liquid heat exchanger to be connected with other indoor heat exchangers in parallel, and T is adjusted by adjusting the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) w，in ＝15℃；
If the battery temperature T C If the temperature is higher than 40 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a heating mode, the first stop valve (6) and the second stop valve (7) are closed, the third stop valve (8) is opened, and the third bidirectional joint is openedA throttle valve (13) connecting the coolant heat exchanger in series with the outdoor heat exchanger (26), T being adjusted by adjusting the third two-way throttle valve (13) w，in ＝15℃；
If the battery temperature T C If the temperature is lower than 0 ℃ and the air conditioner is in a closed state, the four-way reversing valve (30) ad is switched to be communicated with the cb channel, the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is opened, the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) and the second bidirectional throttle valve (32) are closed, the compressor (29) is opened, and the frequency control and the optimal exhaust pressure control of the compressor are the same as those of the battery quick-charging mode;
if the battery temperature T C The temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the air conditioner is started, the air conditioner is in a heating mode at the moment, the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is directly opened to enable the cooling liquid heat exchanger to be connected with other indoor heat exchangers in parallel, and T is adjusted by adjusting the third bidirectional throttle valve (13) w，in ＝30℃；
When the temperature is less than or equal to 0 ℃ and T is less than or equal to C The third bidirectional throttle valve (13) is closed at the temperature of less than or equal to 40 ℃, and the battery thermal management mode is exited;
(10) The defogging mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: monitoring the ambient temperature T 0 Judgment of T 0 Whether the temperature is more than 18 ℃;
step two: when T is 0 When the temperature is higher than 18 ℃, a cold air dehumidification mode is started, an ab channel of the four-way reversing valve (30) is communicated with a cd channel, the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) is opened, the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a full-through state, the compressor (29) is started, and the evaporation pressure Pe is adjusted to meet the conditions that Pe is more than or equal to 3.8MPa and less than or equal to 4.2MPa;
when the temperature is less than or equal to 0 ℃ and T is less than or equal to 0 When the temperature is less than or equal to 18 ℃, the dry air heating dehumidification mode is entered, the ad channel communication and the cb channel communication of the four-way reversing valve (30) are carried out, the first bidirectional throttle valve (33) is opened, the full-through throttle valve (34) is in a throttling state, the compressor (29) is started, and the full-through throttle valve (34) controls the air outlet temperature T of the demisting heat exchanger d ＝T R +5℃；
When T0 is less than 0 ℃, the system enters a hot air dehumidification mode, a first bidirectional throttle valve (33) is opened, and then a demisting air door (35) is opened.
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