CN113619212A - High-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113619212A CN113619212A CN202110787775.8A CN202110787775A CN113619212A CN 113619212 A CN113619212 A CN 113619212A CN 202110787775 A CN202110787775 A CN 202110787775A CN 113619212 A CN113619212 A CN 113619212A
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- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material comprises a first flexible substrate layer positioned on the top layer, a reflecting layer positioned on the bottom layer and a flexible wave-absorbing layer positioned between the first flexible substrate layer and the reflecting layer, the flexible wave-absorbing layer is formed by alternately superposing at least one wave-absorbing structure layer and at least one second flexible substrate layer, and the wave-absorbing structure layer is a resistance film layer formed by printing periodic sub-wavelength structure patterns on a planar flexible fabric. The preparation method comprises the following steps: providing a first flexible substrate layer, a reflecting layer and at least one second flexible substrate layer, and preparing at least one wave-absorbing structure layer; and superposing the second flexible substrate layer and the wave-absorbing structure layer at intervals to form a flexible wave-absorbing layer, placing the flexible wave-absorbing layer between the first flexible substrate layer and the reflecting layer, and connecting the layers into a whole by adopting a sewing process to obtain the material. The invention can realize the effects of light weight, wide frequency and flexible wave absorption, has strong designability, and has the characteristics of excellent mechanical property and simple process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wave-absorbing materials, and particularly discloses a high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the explosive development of electronic technology, microwave technology has been more and more widely used. Moreover, the electromagnetic field of the living environment of people is increasingly complex, and the wave-absorbing material is needed to realize the human body protection of passive electromagnetic waves. Therefore, the research and development of the wave-absorbing material have important significance and application prospect.
At present, most wave-absorbing materials are hard structural materials, and the wave-absorbing materials do not have flexible deformation capabilities such as stretching, bending, folding, twisting and the like, so that the wave-absorbing materials can only be applied to the surfaces of objects with regular planes or shapes. The flexible wave-absorbing material can be flexibly loaded on an object with a special shape, and accords with the development trend of the next generation wave-absorbing material.
In the preparation of the flexible wave-absorbing material commonly used at the present stage, a certain wave-absorbing effect is obtained by filling a wave-absorbing agent into a flexible matrix (such as Chinese patent application CN102977480A), the method has high content of the wave-absorbing agent, which can affect the continuity of the matrix to cause the reduction of mechanical properties, and the light-weight requirement of the flexible wave-absorbing material can be affected due to the large density of some wave-absorbing agents. The scheme disclosed in the chinese patent application CN104553137A is that textile-grade iron fibers are directly woven into a two-dimensional wave-absorbing fabric, and the electromagnetic parameters of the fabric are adjusted by doping iron fibers with different blending ratios, so that an impedance gradient structure is formed between different components of each layer to obtain a broadband wave-absorbing effect. The method introduces a weaving process to prepare the flexible base material, but the preparation process is complex, the wave-absorbing bandwidth of the material is influenced by the electromagnetic parameter frequency dispersion characteristic of the material, and the designability is not strong. In the scheme disclosed in the chinese patent application CN105086855A, the purpose of widening the wave-absorbing bandwidth is achieved by adding a micro-structure interlayer between silicon rubber substrates, and the microwave-absorbing material is formed by a layered bonding method, but the method uses the rubber substrates to cause the mechanical strength of the microwave-absorbing material to be limited and the bearing capacity to be low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and defects of the existing flexible wave-absorbing material preparation, the invention provides a high-strength flexible wave-absorbing fabric material which is prepared by taking a flexible fabric as a base material, adding a wave-absorbing structure layer with a sub-wavelength structure on the surface of a planar flexible fabric through a unique process into the flexible base material, and combining a multilayer structure and a sewing process.
Therefore, the invention provides a high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material which comprises a first flexible substrate layer positioned on the top layer, a reflecting layer positioned on the bottom layer and a flexible wave-absorbing layer positioned between the first flexible substrate layer and the reflecting layer, wherein the flexible wave-absorbing layer is formed by alternately superposing at least one wave-absorbing structure layer and at least one second flexible substrate layer, and the wave-absorbing structure layer is a resistance film layer formed by printing periodic sub-wavelength structure patterns on a planar flexible fabric.
Further, the first flexible substrate layer or the second flexible substrate layer is a flexible substrate layer woven by three-dimensional flexible fibers, the three-dimensional flexible fibers adopted by the first flexible substrate layer or the second flexible substrate layer are any one of quartz fibers, glass fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers and basalt fibers, and the number of the second flexible substrate layers is equal to that of the wave-absorbing structure layers.
Furthermore, the planar flexible fabric adopted by the wave-absorbing structure layer is woven by any one of quartz fiber, glass fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber and basalt fiber, and the sub-wavelength structure pattern adopted by the wave-absorbing structure layer is any one of square, round, cross, open ring and closed ring.
Further, the reflecting layer is a flexible layer based on a flexible carbon fiber fabric, and the flexible carbon fiber fabric is plain carbon fiber cloth, satin carbon fiber cloth or twill carbon fiber cloth; the first flexible substrate layer, the reflecting layer and the flexible wave-absorbing layer are connected into a whole through a sewing process, the sewing mode adopted by the sewing process is orthogonal sewing, and the sewing path is along the gaps among the periodic sub-wavelength structure patterns.
Furthermore, the square resistance Rs of the wave-absorbing structure layer is more than or equal to 50 Ω/sq and less than or equal to 500 Ω/sq, and the period P of the periodic sub-wavelength structure pattern in the wave-absorbing structure layer is more than or equal to 4mm and less than or equal to 20 mm; the tensile strength of the material is above 90 MPa.
Further, the wave-absorbing structure layer is prepared by the following steps:
s1: carrying out fiber surface cleaning treatment on the planar flexible fabric;
s2: the planar flexible fabric is laid flat and fixed, and conductive carbon oil is printed on the planar flexible fabric by adopting a screen printing process to form a periodic sub-wavelength structure pattern;
s3: and heating and curing the printed planar flexible fabric, and performing post-treatment to obtain the wave-absorbing structure layer.
Further, the fiber surface cleaning treatment comprises but is not limited to heat preservation for 30-60 min at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ under vacuum condition, the fixing comprises but is not limited to adhering a PET film single-sided tape on the back surface of the planar flexible fabric, the printing frequency of the silk screen printing is not less than 2 times, the heating curing comprises but is not limited to curing for 30-60 min at the temperature of 100-150 ℃, and the post-treatment comprises but is not limited to removing the residual PET film single-sided tape.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material, which comprises the following steps:
providing a first flexible substrate layer, a reflecting layer and at least one second flexible substrate layer, and preparing at least one wave-absorbing structure layer;
and superposing at least one second flexible substrate layer and at least one wave-absorbing structure layer at intervals to form a flexible wave-absorbing layer, arranging the flexible wave-absorbing layer between the first flexible substrate layer and the reflecting layer, and connecting the first flexible substrate layer, the reflecting layer and the flexible wave-absorbing layer into a whole by adopting a sewing process to prepare the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material.
Further, the sewing method adopted by the sewing process is orthogonal sewing and the sewing path is along the gaps between the periodic sub-wavelength structure patterns, and the wave-absorbing structure layer is prepared by the following steps:
s1: carrying out fiber surface cleaning treatment on the planar flexible fabric;
s2: the planar flexible fabric is laid flat and fixed, and conductive carbon oil is printed on the planar flexible fabric by adopting a screen printing process to form a periodic sub-wavelength structure pattern;
s3: and heating and curing the printed planar flexible fabric, and performing post-treatment to obtain the wave-absorbing structure layer.
Further, the fiber surface cleaning treatment comprises but is not limited to heat preservation for 30-60 min at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ under the vacuum condition; the fixing includes but is not limited to adhering PET film single-sided adhesive tape on the back of the plane flexible fabric; the printing frequency of the silk-screen printing is not less than 2; the heating curing comprises but is not limited to curing at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ for 30-60 min; the post-treatment includes, but is not limited to, removing residual PET film single-sided tape.
The invention adopts the flexible fabric as the base material, and combines the flexible fabric with the wave-absorbing structure layer which forms the sub-wavelength structure on the surface of the planar flexible fabric through a unique process to prepare the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material. On one hand, the wave-absorbing structure layer of the planar flexible fabric is combined by matching the flexible base materials with different electromagnetic parameters and different thicknesses, so that the effects of light weight, broadband and flexible wave absorption can be realized, and the wave-absorbing structure layer has strong designability; on the other hand, the multi-layer structure is connected into a whole through a sewing process, so that the multi-layer structure has the characteristics of excellent mechanical property and simple process.
Drawings
In order that the structure and embodiments of the invention may be more clearly understood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are intended to represent only some embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention along the thickness direction.
Fig. 2a and fig. 2b respectively show different structural diagrams of sub-wavelength structure pattern units on a wave-absorbing structure layer in the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3a and 3b respectively show photographs of two wave-absorbing structure layers prepared in example 1 of the invention.
Fig. 4a and 4b respectively show a sewing schematic diagram and the morphology of the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material after sewing according to embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing a result of a reflectivity curve test according to example 1 of the present invention.
Figure 6 shows a schematic stitching diagram according to example 2 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a first flexible substrate layer, 2-a wave-absorbing structure layer, 3-a second flexible substrate layer and 4-a reflecting layer.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
In order that the contents of the invention may be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings, which are all intended to be part of the invention.
In recent years, due to the unique electromagnetic characteristics of sub-wavelength electromagnetic materials, people at home and abroad attract extensive attention. By designing the components and the structure of the sub-wavelength structure pattern unit, the singular electromagnetic characteristics which are not possessed by natural media can be realized, and a new method is provided for the research of electromagnetic absorption materials. The invention aims to prepare a high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material with strong designability, ultra-wideband electromagnetic absorption performance and higher mechanical performance by adopting a flexible fabric as a base material and combining the flexible fabric with a wave-absorbing structure layer of a planar flexible fabric with sub-wavelength structure pattern units.
Fig. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention along the thickness direction.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material of the invention includes a first flexible substrate layer 1 located on a top layer, a reflective layer 4 located on a bottom layer, and a flexible wave-absorbing layer located between the first flexible substrate layer 1 and the reflective layer 4, where the flexible wave-absorbing layer is formed by stacking at least one wave-absorbing structure layer 2 and at least one second flexible substrate layer 3 at intervals. The wave-absorbing structure layer is a resistance film layer formed by printing periodic sub-wavelength structure patterns on a planar flexible fabric.
Specifically, first flexible substrate layer 1 or second flexible substrate layer 3 is the flexible substrate layer who is woven by three-dimensional flexible fibre and obtains, and the effect of first flexible substrate layer 1 mainly is in order to protect the sub-wavelength structure pattern on the wave-absorbing structure layer 2 can not wearing and tearing destroy, and its thickness can carry out whole matching design according to the performance demand and obtain. The second flexible substrate layer 3 is used for being matched with the wave-absorbing structure layer 2 to form a flexible wave-absorbing layer, so that the ultra-wideband electromagnetic absorption performance is realized.
The three-dimensional flexible fiber adopted by the first flexible substrate layer 1 or the second flexible substrate layer 3 can be any one of quartz fiber, glass fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber and basalt fiber, and the first flexible substrate layer 1 and the second flexible substrate layer 3 can adopt the same three-dimensional flexible fiber or different three-dimensional flexible fibers. According to the invention, the flexible fabric, especially the three-dimensional flexible fiber fabric prepared by the three-dimensional weaving process, is introduced as the flexible base material, so that the integral wave-absorbing material has the characteristics of good continuity of the matrix and high flexibility.
According to the invention, the flexible wave-absorbing layer is formed by stacking at least one wave-absorbing structure layer 2 and at least one second flexible substrate layer 3 at intervals, the number of the second flexible substrate layers 3 is preferably equal to the number of the wave-absorbing structure layers 2, for example, two wave-absorbing structure layers 3 and two second flexible substrate layers 3 are stacked at intervals to form the flexible wave-absorbing layer. More than two wave-absorbing structure layers 2 are arranged in the flexible wave-absorbing layer, so that a wider wave-absorbing bandwidth can be realized, and a better technical effect is achieved.
The planar flexible fabric adopted by the wave-absorbing structure layer 2 can be woven by any one of quartz fiber, glass fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber and basalt fiber.
Fig. 2a and fig. 2b respectively show different structural diagrams of sub-wavelength structure pattern units on a wave-absorbing structure layer in the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the sub-wavelength structure pattern adopted by the wave-absorbing structure layer 2 may be any one of a square, a circle, a cross, an open ring and a closed ring. Taking the square pattern shown in fig. 2a as an example, the side length of the square pattern is W, and the period is P; taking the circular pattern shown in fig. 2b as an example, the radius of the circular pattern is r and the period is P.
The wave-absorbing structure layer 2 takes a plane flexible fabric as a substrate, and a broadband wave-absorbing material meeting the performance requirement can be prepared by preparing wave-absorbing structure layers with different patterns and different sheet resistances and reasonably matching and combining a flexible base material and the flexible wave-absorbing structure layers, so that the whole material has strong designability. The patterns and the sheet resistance of each wave-absorbing structure layer 2 can be independently designed and matched to achieve the optimal wave-absorbing effect
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the wave-absorbing structure layer 2 is preferably prepared through the following steps.
Step S1:
and carrying out fiber surface cleaning treatment on the planar flexible fabric.
The fiber surface cleaning treatment in this step may include, but is not limited to, heat preservation at a temperature of 100 to 150 ℃ under vacuum for 30 to 60 minutes.
Step S2:
and (3) flatly paving and fixing the treated planar flexible fabric, and printing conductive carbon oil on the planar flexible fabric by adopting a screen printing process to form a periodic sub-wavelength structure pattern.
The fixing in this step includes, but is not limited to, adhering a single-sided adhesive tape of a PET film to the back surface of the planar flexible fabric, that is, fixing is realized through the adhesive tape, so as to prevent the warp and weft of the planar flexible fabric from moving in the printing process and change the original right-angle structure between the warp and weft. In addition, the number of printing times of the screen printing is preferably not less than 2 times to ensure the printing effect of the periodic sub-wavelength structure pattern.
Step S3:
and heating and curing the printed planar flexible fabric, and performing post-treatment to obtain the wave-absorbing structure layer.
The heating curing in this step includes, but is not limited to, curing at a temperature of 100 ℃ to 150 ℃ for 30-60 min, for example, treating in an oven. Post-treatment may include, but is not limited to, removing the residual PET film single-sided tape, and then obtaining the wave-absorbing structure layer.
Preferably, the square resistance Rs of the wave-absorbing structure layer 2 prepared by the method provided by the invention is equal to or greater than 50 Ω/sq and equal to or less than 500 Ω/sq, the period P of the periodic sub-wavelength structure pattern in the wave-absorbing structure layer 2 is equal to or greater than 4mm and equal to or less than 20mm, the square resistance Rs and the period P of the periodic structure are conventional parameters in the field, and detailed description is omitted, and the parameter setting in the range can ensure the wave-absorbing performance of the finally obtained material.
According to the invention, the reflection layer 4 can reflect the electromagnetic waves reaching the reflection layer into the wave-absorbing material again for absorbing again, and is preferably a flexible layer based on a flexible carbon fiber fabric, and the flexible carbon fiber fabric can be plain carbon fiber cloth, satin carbon fiber cloth, twill carbon fiber cloth or other materials.
The high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material prepared by the invention is a multi-layer material, and all layers are connected into a whole. Preferably, the first flexible substrate layer 1, the reflective layer 4 and the flexible wave-absorbing layer are connected into a whole through a sewing process, the sewing mode adopted by the sewing process is preferably orthogonal sewing, the sewing path is along the gaps between the periodic sub-wavelength structure patterns, and the diameter and the stitch length of the sewing thread can be selected and adjusted according to actual requirements. The designed wave-absorbing material can be integrally formed by adopting a sewing process, and the wave-absorbing material has the advantages of simple process and high strength.
The wave-absorbing bandwidth can even reach the full wave band by designing and matching and optimizing the square resistance of the wave-absorbing structural layer and the thickness of each layer; the tensile strength of the material is more than 90MPa, and the material is superior to the existing rubber flexible wave-absorbing material. In addition, the invention does not limit the thickness of each layer of the material, and the thinner and better the total layer thickness on the premise of realizing the wave-absorbing effect meeting the requirement.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material, which comprises the following steps:
providing a first flexible substrate layer 1, a reflecting layer 4 and at least one second flexible substrate layer 3, and preparing at least one wave-absorbing structure layer 2;
and (2) superposing at least one second flexible substrate layer 3 and at least one wave-absorbing structure layer 2 at intervals to form a flexible wave-absorbing layer, arranging the flexible wave-absorbing layer between the first flexible substrate layer 1 and the reflecting layer 4, and connecting the first flexible substrate layer 1, the reflecting layer 4 and the flexible wave-absorbing layer into a whole by adopting a sewing process to prepare the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material.
The stitching method adopted by the stitching process can be orthogonal stitching and the stitching path is along the gaps between the periodic sub-wavelength structure patterns. The wave-absorbing structure layer can be prepared by the steps described above, and repeated description is omitted here.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
firstly, a screen printing process is adopted to print periodic square patterns on a plane flexible fabric, namely quartz fiber cloth, so as to prepare a wave-absorbing structure layer, and the specific steps comprise:
heating quartz fiber cloth to 150 ℃ in vacuum, and preserving heat for 30min to perform fiber surface cleaning treatment;
after the quartz fiber cloth is paved, a PET film single-sided adhesive with the thickness of 50 mu m is adhered to the back surface of the quartz fiber cloth for fixing, so that the warp and weft yarns of the quartz fiber cloth are prevented from moving in the printing process, and the original right-angle structure between the warp and weft yarns is changed;
preparing a first wave-absorbing structure layer: printing patterns of conductive carbon oil with the sheet resistance of 400 omega/sq on the surface of a piece of fixed quartz fiber cloth by adopting screen printing for 3 times, and curing the printed material layer for 40min at 150 ℃ in an oven to obtain Rs1＝400Ω/sq、P1＝8mm、W16mm, as shown in figure 3 a.
Preparing a second wave-absorbing structure layer: printing patterns of conductive carbon oil with sheet resistance of 100 omega/sq on the surface of another piece of fixed quartz fiber cloth by screen printing for 2 times, and curing the printed material layer in an oven at 150 ℃ for 40min to obtain Rs2＝100Ω/sq、P2＝8mm、W2A second layer of 7mm absorbing material as shown in figure 3 b.
Then, three-dimensional quartz fiber braided fabrics with different thicknesses and in orthogonal interlocking are used as a first flexible base material layer and a second flexible base material layer, and the wave-absorbing material is ejected from the topA first flexible base material layer with the thickness of 1mm and Rs1400 omega/sq's first layer inhale wave structural layer, 2mm thick second flexible substrate layer, Rs2The wave-absorbing structure layer is a second wave-absorbing structure layer of 100 omega/sq, the second flexible base material layer with the thickness of 2mm and the plain weave carbon fiber cloth reflecting layer with the thickness of 0.25mm are sequentially overlapped together, and then the wave-absorbing structure layer is integrally formed by adopting a sewing process. Wherein the suture path is along the dotted line shown in FIG. 4a, the suture thread diameter is 0.45mm, and the stitch pitch is 4 mm. The morphology of the finally prepared high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material is shown in figure 4 b.
The reflectivity of the sample of the flexible wave-absorbing material prepared in the embodiment is tested, and the result is shown in fig. 5, and the wave-absorbing bandwidth of the material with the reflectivity less than or equal to-10 dB is 7.1 GHz-35.4 GHz. And the material is subjected to uniaxial tensile strength test, and the tensile strength reaches 112 MPa.
Example 2:
firstly, a screen printing process is adopted to print periodic circular patterns on a plane flexible fabric, namely quartz fiber cloth, so as to prepare a wave-absorbing structure layer, and the specific steps comprise:
heating quartz fiber cloth to 100 ℃ in vacuum, and keeping the temperature for 60min to perform fiber surface cleaning treatment;
after the quartz fiber cloth is paved, a PET film single-sided adhesive with the thickness of 50 mu m is adhered to the back surface of the quartz fiber cloth for fixing, so that the warp and weft yarns of the quartz fiber cloth are prevented from moving in the printing process, and the original right-angle structure between the warp and weft yarns is changed;
preparing a first wave-absorbing structure layer: : conducting pattern printing on the surface of a piece of fixed quartz fiber cloth by adopting screen printing with conductive carbon oil with the sheet resistance of 450 omega/sq, wherein the printing times are 3 times; curing the printed material layer in an oven at 100 deg.C for 60min to obtain Rs1＝450Ω/sq、P1＝15mm、r16.5mm of the first layer of absorbing material.
Preparing a second wave-absorbing structure layer: printing patterns of conductive carbon oil with sheet resistance of 70 omega/sq on the surface of another piece of fixed quartz fiber cloth by screen printing for 2 times, and curing the printed material layer in an oven at 100 ℃ for 60min to obtain Rs2＝70Ω/sq、P2＝15mm、r27mm second wave-absorbing structure layer.
Then, three-dimensional quartz fiber braided fabrics with different thicknesses and in orthogonal interlocking are used as a first flexible base material layer and a second flexible base material layer, and the wave-absorbing material is made into a first flexible base material layer and Rs with the thicknesses of 1mm from the top layer to the bottom layer1450 omega/sq, a second flexible substrate layer with the thickness of 2mm, and Rs2The second wave absorbing material layer of 70 omega/sq, the second flexible base material layer with the thickness of 2mm and the plain weave carbon fiber cloth reflecting layer with the thickness of 0.25mm are sequentially overlapped together, and then the wave absorbing material layer and the plain weave carbon fiber cloth reflecting layer are integrally formed by adopting a sewing process. Wherein the sewing path is along the dotted line position shown in fig. 6, the diameter of the sewing thread is 0.45mm, the stitch length of the sewing thread is 4mm, and finally the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material is prepared.
The sample of the flexible wave-absorbing material prepared in the embodiment is subjected to reflectivity test and uniaxial tensile strength test, the wave-absorbing bandwidth of the flexible wave-absorbing material prepared in the embodiment with the reflectivity less than or equal to-10 dB is 10.1 GHz-37.6 GHz, and the tensile strength reaches 117 MPa.
Example 3:
firstly, a screen printing process is adopted to print periodic patterns on a plane flexible fabric, namely quartz fiber cloth, so as to prepare a wave-absorbing structure layer, and the specific steps comprise:
heating quartz fiber cloth to 150 deg.C in vacuum, and maintaining the temperature for 40min to perform fiber surface cleaning treatment;
after the quartz fiber cloth is paved, a PET film single-sided adhesive with the thickness of 50 mu m is adhered to the back surface of the quartz fiber cloth for fixing, so that the warp and weft yarns of the quartz fiber cloth are prevented from moving in the printing process, and the original right-angle structure between the warp and weft yarns is changed;
preparing a first wave-absorbing structure layer: printing a square pattern of conductive carbon oil with the sheet resistance of 400 omega/sq on the surface of a piece of fixed quartz fiber cloth by adopting screen printing for 3 times, and curing the printed material layer for 40min at 150 ℃ in an oven to obtain Rs1＝400Ω/sq、P1＝8mm、W16mm first layer of absorbing material.
Preparing the second layerWave-absorbing structure layer: printing a square pattern of conductive carbon oil with the sheet resistance of 150 omega/sq on the surface of another piece of fixed quartz fiber cloth by adopting screen printing for 2 times, and curing the printed material layer in an oven at 150 ℃ for 40min to obtain Rs2＝150Ω/sq、P2＝8mm、W26.5mm second layer of absorbing material.
Preparing a third wave-absorbing structure layer: printing a circular pattern on the surface of another piece of fixed quartz fiber cloth by using conductive carbon oil with the square resistance of 150 omega/sq for 2 times by adopting screen printing, and curing the printed material layer in an oven at 150 ℃ for 40min to obtain Rs3＝150Ω/sq、P3And the third wave-absorbing material layer is 8mm and r is 3.5 mm.
Then, three-dimensional quartz fiber braided fabrics with different thicknesses and in orthogonal interlocking are used as a first flexible base material layer and a second flexible base material layer, and the wave-absorbing material is made into a first flexible base material layer and Rs with the thicknesses of 1mm from the top layer to the bottom layer1400 omega/sq's first layer inhale wave structural layer, 2mm thick second flexible substrate layer, Rs2150 omega/sq second layer wave-absorbing structure layer, 1mm thick second flexible substrate layer and Rs3The third wave-absorbing structure layer of 150 omega/sq, the second flexible substrate layer with the thickness of 1mm and the plain weave carbon fiber cloth reflecting layer with the thickness of 0.25mm are sequentially overlapped together, and then the wave-absorbing structure layer is integrally formed by adopting a sewing process. The diameter of the suture thread is 0.45mm, and the stitch length is 4 mm.
The reflectivity of the sample of the flexible wave-absorbing material prepared by the embodiment is tested, and the wave-absorbing bandwidth of the material is 7.6 GHz-40 GHz when the reflectivity is less than or equal to-10 dB. And the material is subjected to uniaxial tensile strength test, and the tensile strength reaches 108 MPa.
Example 4:
firstly, a screen printing process is adopted to print periodic circular patterns on a plane flexible fabric, namely glass fiber cloth, so as to prepare a wave-absorbing structure layer, and the specific steps comprise:
heating the glass fiber cloth to 150 ℃ in vacuum, and preserving heat for 30min to carry out fiber surface cleaning treatment;
after the glass fiber cloth is laid flat, PET film single-sided adhesive with the thickness of 50 mu m is adhered to the back surface of the glass fiber cloth for fixing, so that the warp and weft yarns of the glass fiber cloth are prevented from moving in the printing process, and the original right-angle structure between the warp and weft yarns is changed;
preparing a wave-absorbing structure layer: and (2) carrying out pattern printing on the conductive carbon oil with the sheet resistance of 100 omega/sq on the surface of a piece of fixed glass fiber cloth by adopting screen printing, wherein the printing times are 2 times, and curing the printed material layer for 40min at 150 ℃ in an oven to obtain the wave-absorbing material layer with the Rs being 100 omega/sq, the P being 8mm and the r being 3.5 mm.
And then, three-dimensional glass fiber braided fabrics with different thicknesses and interlocked in an orthogonal mode layer by layer are used as a first flexible base material layer and a second flexible base material layer, the wave-absorbing material is sequentially laminated from the top layer to the bottom layer according to the first flexible base material layer with the thickness of 3mm, the wave-absorbing structure layer with the thickness of Rs being 100 omega/sq, the second flexible base material layer with the thickness of 3mm and the twill carbon fiber cloth reflection layer with the thickness of 0.25mm, and then the wave-absorbing material is integrally formed by adopting a sewing process. Wherein the diameter of the suture is 0.45mm, the stitch length of the suture is 4mm, and finally the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material is prepared.
The reflectivity of the sample of the flexible wave-absorbing material prepared by the embodiment is tested, and the wave-absorbing bandwidth of the material is 7.5 GHz-27.2 GHz when the reflectivity is less than or equal to-10 dB. And the material is subjected to uniaxial tensile strength test, and the tensile strength reaches 98 MPa. It can be seen that the technical effect of the embodiment is slightly inferior to that of the embodiments 1 to 3, but the mechanical strength and the wave-absorbing bandwidth are still superior to those of the traditional rubber flexible wave-absorbing material.
In addition, the invention also takes the polypropylene fiber, the polyethylene fiber cloth and the basalt fiber cloth as the substrate layer or the plane flexible fabric of the wave-absorbing structure layer to prepare the flexible wave-absorbing material sample, and the material with ultra-wide bandwidth electromagnetic absorption capacity and high strength can be prepared by the design and matching optimization of the square resistance of the wave-absorbing structure layer and the thickness of each layer.
The flexible wave-absorbing material provided by the invention has strong designability, has ultra-wideband electromagnetic absorption performance, also has higher mechanical property and simple preparation process, and has good application prospect in various fields such as wearable electronic equipment and the like.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method and the core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high strength flexible fabric absorbing material which characterized in that, is including the first flexible substrate layer that is located the top layer, be located the reflection stratum of bottom and be located flexible absorbing layer between first flexible substrate layer and the reflection stratum, flexible absorbing layer is formed by at least one deck absorbing structure layer and the flexible substrate layer interval superpose of at least one deck second, wherein, absorbing structure layer is for the resistance rete of forming periodic subwavelength structure pattern printing on plane flexible fabric.
2. The high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the first flexible substrate layer or the second flexible substrate layer is a flexible substrate layer woven from three-dimensional flexible fibers, the three-dimensional flexible fibers adopted by the first flexible substrate layer or the second flexible substrate layer are any one of quartz fibers, glass fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers and basalt fibers, and the number of the second flexible substrate layers is equal to that of the wave-absorbing structure layers.
3. The high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the planar flexible fabric adopted by the wave-absorbing structure layer is woven by any one of quartz fiber, glass fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber and basalt fiber, and the sub-wavelength structure pattern adopted by the wave-absorbing structure layer is any one of square, circular, cross, open ring and closed ring.
4. The high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting layer is a flexible layer based on a flexible carbon fiber fabric, and the flexible carbon fiber fabric is plain carbon fiber cloth, satin carbon fiber cloth or twill carbon fiber cloth; the first flexible substrate layer, the reflecting layer and the flexible wave-absorbing layer are connected into a whole through a sewing process, the sewing mode adopted by the sewing process is orthogonal sewing, and the sewing path is along the gaps among the periodic sub-wavelength structure patterns.
5. The high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the square resistance Rs of the wave-absorbing structure layer is greater than or equal to 50 Ω/sq and less than or equal to 500 Ω/sq, and the period P of the periodic sub-wavelength structure pattern in the wave-absorbing structure layer is greater than or equal to 4mm and less than or equal to 20 mm; the tensile strength of the material is above 90 MPa.
6. The high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material of claim 1, wherein the wave-absorbing structure layer is prepared by the following steps:
s1: carrying out fiber surface cleaning treatment on the planar flexible fabric;
s2: the planar flexible fabric is laid flat and fixed, and conductive carbon oil is printed on the planar flexible fabric by adopting a screen printing process to form a periodic sub-wavelength structure pattern;
s3: and heating and curing the printed planar flexible fabric, and performing post-treatment to obtain the wave-absorbing structure layer.
7. The high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material according to claim 6, wherein the fiber surface cleaning treatment includes but is not limited to heat preservation at a temperature of 100-150 ℃ under a vacuum condition for 30-60 min, the fixing includes but is not limited to adhering a PET film single-sided tape on the back surface of a planar flexible fabric, the printing frequency of screen printing is not less than 2 times, the heating and curing includes but is not limited to curing at a temperature of 100-150 ℃ for 30-60 min, and the post-treatment includes but is not limited to removing the residual PET film single-sided tape.
8. A preparation method of the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
providing a first flexible substrate layer, a reflecting layer and at least one second flexible substrate layer, and preparing at least one wave-absorbing structure layer;
and superposing at least one second flexible substrate layer and at least one wave-absorbing structure layer at intervals to form a flexible wave-absorbing layer, arranging the flexible wave-absorbing layer between the first flexible substrate layer and the reflecting layer, and connecting the first flexible substrate layer, the reflecting layer and the flexible wave-absorbing layer into a whole by adopting a sewing process to prepare the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material.
9. The method for preparing the high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material according to claim 8, wherein the sewing method adopted by the sewing process is orthogonal sewing and the sewing path is along the gaps between the periodic sub-wavelength structure patterns, and the wave-absorbing structure layer is prepared by the following steps:
s1: carrying out fiber surface cleaning treatment on the planar flexible fabric;
s2: the planar flexible fabric is laid flat and fixed, and conductive carbon oil is printed on the planar flexible fabric by adopting a screen printing process to form a periodic sub-wavelength structure pattern;
s3: and heating and curing the printed planar flexible fabric, and performing post-treatment to obtain the wave-absorbing structure layer.
10. The high-strength flexible fabric wave-absorbing material according to claim 9, wherein the fiber surface cleaning treatment includes, but is not limited to, heat preservation at a temperature of 100-150 ℃ under a vacuum condition for 30-60 min; the fixing includes but is not limited to adhering PET film single-sided adhesive tape on the back of the plane flexible fabric; the printing frequency of the silk-screen printing is not less than 2; the heating curing comprises but is not limited to curing at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ for 30-60 min; the post-treatment includes, but is not limited to, removing residual PET film single-sided tape.
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