CN113612812B - Implementation of distributed group server and data synchronization method thereof - Google Patents
Implementation of distributed group server and data synchronization method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113612812B CN113612812B CN202110684346.8A CN202110684346A CN113612812B CN 113612812 B CN113612812 B CN 113612812B CN 202110684346 A CN202110684346 A CN 202110684346A CN 113612812 B CN113612812 B CN 113612812B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- group
- server
- network
- data
- node
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
- H04L12/185—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with management of multicast group membership
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
- H04L67/1044—Group management mechanisms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/1095—Replication or mirroring of data, e.g. scheduling or transport for data synchronisation between network nodes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
- Computer And Data Communications (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an implementation of a group server and a data synchronization method thereof in distributed deployment of group services in a converged communication system. The group servers send timing notices to each other to sense the connection state of other servers in the network in real time. When the group data changes, the single group server synchronously updates the group data to other group servers in real time. Through the timing announcement message, each group server perceives the state and group version number of other servers at any time. The single group server actively transmits a data synchronization notification to the group server with lower data version in the network and the newly added planning group server, so that the group server with lower data version in the network can acquire the latest group data to keep the consistency of the group data in the whole network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of enterprise communication, in particular to a realization and a data synchronization method of a group server in the distributed deployment of group services in a converged communication system.
Background
Conventional converged communication systems are configured to process all user traffic data by a centralized converged communication server, which is deployed in a specific private network environment, such as a converged communication server distributed on a communication vehicle. In a distributed system, converged communication servers are distributed across a backbone network, as shown in fig. 1. Since the requests of the terminals will be on only a single server, data consistency between the various servers is an important issue that the distributed converged communication system needs to solve. The business functions of converged communication include voice calls, instant messaging, presentations, conferences, groups, and the like. The group service is the basis for realizing other service functions, and is to solve the problem of data consistency, and firstly, the problem of data synchronization of a group server.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of group data synchronization in a distributed converged communication system.
The invention provides an implementation of a distributed group server based on a converged communication system, which comprises the following steps:
And the group management module is used for processing the group operation request initiated by the terminal and the administrator (WEB terminal).
And the group synchronization module is used for processing timing announcement among the group servers and group synchronization data.
The group synchronization module comprises an announcement timing sending module, a group synchronization message sending module, a message receiving and processing module and a server state management module.
And the notification timing sending module is used for sending timing notification messages to other group servers according to the IP addresses in the local whole network server information table.
The group synchronization message sending module is configured to send the group synchronization notification message, send the group combination and request, send the allowed group single-node import notification, send the group single-node import request, send the allowed group all import pass, and send the six messages of the group all import request.
The message receiving and processing module is used for receiving the UDP message sent to the fixed port of the group server and correspondingly processing the UDP message, and the received UDP message comprises the timing notice message and the group synchronization notice message.
The message receiving and processing module is further configured to determine whether to send a group combination and notify or group single-node import request to synchronize the group data after comparing the total group version number of other nodes in the message content with the local after receiving the timing notification message.
The message receiving and processing module is also used for updating and storing data of the local corresponding group after receiving the group synchronization notification message, and sending a group operation notification to the local domain online group member.
The server state management module is used for managing the state of server data synchronization.
The whole network server information table is used for recording unique identifiers (PSI) of all planning group servers in the network, IP addresses of the group servers, and total group version numbers of all the group servers, and is manually imported into the database when the servers are deployed.
The invention provides a group synchronization method, which is a data synchronization method among group servers.
The data synchronization between the group servers further comprises:
Each group server sends timing announcement messages to other group servers in the network.
The message content of the timing announcement message includes a unique identification of the group server, an IP address, a server status, and a total group version number of each server.
The group total version number further comprises:
The group created on each group server can only request to operate on the server, the terminal mounted on each group server can not operate the group created on the non-local server, each group server is provided with a group total version number for managing the group operation created locally, and the group total version number is correspondingly increased when the operation is generated once.
The data synchronization between the group servers further comprises:
When a single group server generates group operation, a group synchronization notification message is sent to all the group servers in a connection state in real time, and other nodes acquire group data after receiving the group synchronization notification message to complete real-time data synchronization.
The group synchronization notification message is used for notifying the server of generating the group data of the operation.
When the group server in the network senses that the total version number of each node group of a certain group server in the network is lower through the timing notice message, the group server actively sends a group combination and notice to the group server, and the group server acquires the latest data of the group created on the notice initiator after receiving the group combination and notice.
The group server in the network perceives that the total version number of the group of the other node of a certain group server in the network is lower through the timing notice message, and the other node is in an unconnected state in the network, the group server in the network actively transmits a single-node import permission notice to the group server, and the group server selects the group server with the shortest network time delay to transmit a single-node import request to acquire the latest data of the group created on the group server in the unconnected state from the group server in the network.
The group server in the network senses a new node in the network through the timing notice message, actively transmits a notification of allowing all groups to be imported to the new node, and the new node selects the group server with the shortest network time delay and transmits all group importing requests to the group server to acquire the latest data of all groups.
The group combination and notification is used for a single node to send a group data synchronization notification to the node with a lower total version number of the local group in the network, and the message content is the operation generated by the group with the change.
The allowed group single-node import notification is used for notifying other group servers of the group server to allow importing other groups created on the group servers in the unconnected state.
The group single-node import request is used for a server with a lower group version in the network to request all groups created on nodes in an unconnected state to a group server with shortest time delay in the network.
The allow group all import notification is used for the group server to notify a new node in the network that all groups created on all servers are allowed to be imported.
The group all import request is used for a new node in the network to request all server group data to be synchronized from a group server with the shortest time delay in the network.
Drawings
FIG. 1, a real-time group operation synchronization diagram;
FIG. 2, group combination and schematic;
FIG. 3, group single-node import schematic;
FIG. 4, group full import schematic;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a group server composition structure.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the features and aspects of the present invention can be understood in more detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized below, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
The data synchronization among the group servers firstly needs to sense which group servers exist in the network at any time, each node reads the IP addresses of all the group servers from the whole network server information table, and sends notification messages to other nodes in the network at regular time. And each group server monitors the notification messages sent by other group servers, and if the notification message of a certain group server is not received within a fixed period time, the group server is considered to be in an unconnected state. The notification message carries the unique identifier of the local, the IP address, the server status and the total group version number of each node.
Real-time group data synchronization between group servers is achieved by group synchronization notification messages. When the group operation exists, the main domain server generating the group operation sends a group operation notice to the online members of the node after updating and processing the group data in the local database, and simultaneously sends a group synchronization notice message to other nodes in the online network, the other nodes update the local group data after receiving the group synchronization notice message, if the other nodes are member domains, the operated group members are online, and the other nodes send the group operation notice to the member terminals on the node to inform the node that the group members update the group data. For nodes in the unconnected state, their group synchronization notification messages are stored in a database.
All group operations follow the principle that a terminal or administrator can only initiate group operations or modification requests on the nodes created by the group.
For the nodes in the network after disconnecting the network for a period of time, other nodes receive the notification message of the node and find that the total group version number of the local node is lower than the total group version number of the local node, so as to inquire the group synchronous notification message of the node from the database, combine the group operation of all the group synchronous messages of the node, and send the combined group operation and each group version number to the node in the message body of the group combination and notification. And after receiving the group combination and notifying, the node performs group data synchronization.
And for the nodes in the network after the network is disconnected for a period of time, the other nodes receive the notification message of the nodes to send the total group version number of the other nodes on the node to be lower than the total group version number of the other nodes in the local state, and the other nodes are in the unconnected state, the allowed group single node import notification is sent to the nodes, the nodes with the shortest network time delay are selected to send the group single node import request after the node receives the allowed group single node import notification, and the server receiving the group single node import request sends all group indexes created on the other nodes in the unconnected state to the nodes, so that the nodes acquire all group data created on the nodes in the unconnected state.
For a planning new node which just joins in the network, other nodes receive the notification message of the node to find that the version numbers of all nodes on the node are zero, the state of the node carried by the timing notification message body is an initialization state, the node can be judged to be the new node, then a single-node import permission notification is sent to the node, the new node receives the all-group import permission notification and then sends the all-group import request to the node with the shortest time delay, and the node which receives the all-group import request carries the group URLs of all nodes to the response message body and sends the all-node to the planning new node. And after receiving the response message, the planning new node acquires the data of all the groups so as to realize the synchronization of the group data.
The invention is further illustrated by the following four examples, which are given in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one:
As shown in fig. 1, four group servers in the backbone network are in a connected state, and a group operation request is initiated by the terminal 1, and the terminals 1,2 and 3 are all members of the group, and the group is created on the group server 1. After receiving the group operation request, the group server A judges whether the group is created on the server, and if not, the group operation request is refused. After the group server A updates the local group data, a group operation notification is sent to the terminal 1 and the terminal 2, and meanwhile, a group synchronization notification message is sent to the other three group servers, and after the other three group servers receive the group synchronization notification message, the local group data is updated, wherein the group server D is provided with a group member generating operation, namely the terminal 3, which is online, the group server D sends the group operation notification to the terminal 3, and the terminal 3 updates the local group data after receiving the message. Thus, the group server and the terminal of the whole network realize real-time group data updating. During synchronization of data, group server D sets the local state to the in-sync state.
Embodiment two:
As shown in fig. 2, four group servers are connected in the network, wherein the group server A, B, C is always in the network, and the group server D is just returned to the network after a period of time. Group server D sends a timing announcement message to A, B and C, and group server a generates a group operation during the period that group server D is off network. The group servers A, B and C respectively receive timing notice messages sent by the group server D, wherein the timing notice messages carry the group total version numbers of the local group servers A, B and C. The group server a fetches the timing announcement message body and finds that the total group version number of the group server a stored on the group server D is lower than local by comparison. The group server A takes out the group operation generated during the period that the group server D is separated from the network from the database, combines the operations, forms a message body by the combined operations, is carried by the group combination and notification, and sends the message to the group server D, and the group server D updates the local group data after receiving the message and then sends the group operation notification to the group members with changed group composition. Server D sets the native state to the merging state during merging of data.
Embodiment III:
As shown in fig. 3, there are four group servers in the network, where group servers a and B are in the network all the time, and group server C is in an unconnected state, i.e. disconnected from the network, and group server D is disconnected from the network for a period of time and then just returns to the network. The group server D sends a timing notice message to the group servers A and B, and the group servers A and B find that the total group version number of C on the group server D is lower than that of the group server D and C is in an unconnected state after receiving the timing notice of the group server D. The group servers A and B respectively send a notification allowing the group single node to be imported to D, wherein the notification carries the unique identifier of C. And D firstly receives the group single-node import permission notification sent by the A, sends a group single-node import request to the A, sends the URLs and version numbers of all the groups created on the locally stored C to the D, and the D acquires the latest data of all the groups created on the C from the A through the URLs. Server D sets the native state to the importing state during single-node importing.
Embodiment four:
As shown in fig. 4, there are three group servers in the network, where group servers a and B are always in the network and group server C has just joined the network for the new node being planned. The group server C sends timing notice information to A and B, and after A and B receive the timing notice information, C is found to be a new node. And A and B send a notification of allowing all groups to be imported to C, C firstly receives the notification sent by A, then sends a request for all groups to A, A receives the URL and version number of all local groups to D, and D acquires all groups from A through the URL. The server C sets the native state to the full booted state during the full booted period.
The invention also discloses a group server corresponding to the method, the composition structure of which is shown in figure 5, and the group server comprises a group management module and a group synchronization module.
The group management module is used for processing group operation requests initiated by the terminal and an administrator (WEB terminal).
The group synchronization module is used for processing timing notice and group synchronization data between group servers.
The group synchronization module comprises an announcement timing sending module, a group synchronization message sending module, a message receiving and processing module and a server state management module.
And the notification timing sending module is used for sending timing notification messages to other group servers according to the IP addresses in the local whole network server information table.
The group synchronization message sending module is configured to send the group synchronization notification message, send the group combination and request, send the allowed group single-node import notification, send the group single-node import request, send the allowed group all import pass, and send the six messages of the group all import request.
The message receiving and processing module is used for receiving the UDP message sent to the fixed port of the group server and correspondingly processing the UDP message, and the received UDP message comprises the timing notice message and the group synchronization notice message.
The message receiving and processing module is further configured to determine whether to send a group combination and notify or group single-node import request to synchronize the group data after comparing the total group version number of other nodes in the message content with the local after receiving the timing notification message.
The message receiving and processing module is also used for updating and storing data of the local corresponding group after receiving the group synchronization notification message, and sending a group operation notification to the local domain online group member.
The server state management module is used for managing the state of server data synchronization.
The whole network server information table is used for recording unique identifiers (PSI) of all planning group servers in the network, IP addresses of the group servers, and total group version numbers of all the group servers, and is manually imported into the database when the servers are deployed.
The invention solves the group synchronization problem in the distributed converged communication system, not only solves the group synchronization among all servers in real-time group operation, but also solves the data synchronization of nodes which are separated from the network and returned to the network and new nodes.
Claims (9)
1. A method for synchronizing data between group servers, characterized by:
Each group server sends a timing announcement message to other group servers in the network, wherein the timing announcement message comprises a unique identifier of the server, an IP (Internet protocol) of the server, a state of the server and a total group version number of each server; each group server is provided with a group total version number for managing locally created group operations, and the group total version number is correspondingly increased when one operation is generated;
When the group server in the network senses that the total group version number of each server of a certain group server in the network is lower through the timing notice message, the group server actively sends a group combination and notice to the group server, and the group server acquires the latest data of the group created on the notice initiator after receiving the group combination and notice;
The group server in the network perceives that the total group version number of a certain group server in the network is lower through the timing notice message, and when another group server is in an unconnected state in the network, the group server in the network actively transmits an allowable group single-node import notice to the group server with the lower total group version number, and the group server selects to transmit a group single-node import request to the group server with the shortest network time delay, so as to request to acquire the latest data of the group created on the group server in the unconnected state from the group server with the shortest network time delay.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the group created on each group server can only request to operate on that server, and the terminals mounted on each group server cannot operate on the group created on the non-home server.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the single group server generates group operation, sends a group synchronization notification to all the group servers in a connection state of the whole network in real time, and acquires group data to complete real-time data synchronization after other nodes receive the group synchronization notification message.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the group synchronization notification message is used for notifying the server of generating the group data of the operation.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the group server in the network senses a new node in the network through the timing notice message, actively transmits a notification of allowing all groups to be imported to the new node, and the new node selects the group server with the shortest network delay and transmits all group importing requests to the group server to acquire the latest data of all groups.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the group combination and notification is used for a single node to send a group data synchronization notification to the node with a lower total version number of the local group in the network, and the message content is the operation generated by the group with the change.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the allowed group single-node import notification is used for notifying other group servers of the group server to allow importing the group created on the group server in the unconnected state;
The group single-node import request is used for a server with a lower group version in the network to request a group server with the shortest time delay in the network to synchronize all groups created on the nodes in an unconnected state.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the allowed group all import notification is used for a group server to notify a new node in the network that all groups created on all servers are allowed to be imported;
The group all import request is used for a new node in the network to request all server group data to be synchronized from a group server with the shortest delay in the network.
9. A distributed converged communication system, characterized by: the system comprising a plurality of group servers, the system being adapted to implement a method of data synchronization between a group server according to any of claims 1-8.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110684346.8A CN113612812B (en) | 2021-06-21 | 2021-06-21 | Implementation of distributed group server and data synchronization method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110684346.8A CN113612812B (en) | 2021-06-21 | 2021-06-21 | Implementation of distributed group server and data synchronization method thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113612812A CN113612812A (en) | 2021-11-05 |
CN113612812B true CN113612812B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
Family
ID=78336644
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110684346.8A Active CN113612812B (en) | 2021-06-21 | 2021-06-21 | Implementation of distributed group server and data synchronization method thereof |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113612812B (en) |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1482771A (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-03-17 | 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 | Method for implementing network communication by identifying one user group with one number |
CN101160788A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2008-04-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for adding group member |
CN106714082A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2017-05-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | Group communication method and group server |
CN110213156A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-09-06 | 中电莱斯信息系统有限公司 | A kind of span centre heart group's instant communicating method and system |
CN110417845A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-11-05 | 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 | A kind of method of data synchronization, device and storage medium |
CN111147352A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-05-12 | 杭州米络星科技(集团)有限公司 | Distributed data synchronization method |
CN112073300A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-11 | 北京五八信息技术有限公司 | Group data synchronization method and device |
WO2021051922A1 (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-03-25 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for transmitting data in group, terminal and computer-readable storage medium |
-
2021
- 2021-06-21 CN CN202110684346.8A patent/CN113612812B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1482771A (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-03-17 | 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 | Method for implementing network communication by identifying one user group with one number |
CN101160788A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2008-04-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for adding group member |
CN106714082A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2017-05-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | Group communication method and group server |
CN110417845A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-11-05 | 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 | A kind of method of data synchronization, device and storage medium |
CN110213156A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-09-06 | 中电莱斯信息系统有限公司 | A kind of span centre heart group's instant communicating method and system |
WO2021051922A1 (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-03-25 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for transmitting data in group, terminal and computer-readable storage medium |
CN111147352A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-05-12 | 杭州米络星科技(集团)有限公司 | Distributed data synchronization method |
CN112073300A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-11 | 北京五八信息技术有限公司 | Group data synchronization method and device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113612812A (en) | 2021-11-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AU2004211407B2 (en) | Systems and methods for collaborative communication | |
US7859992B2 (en) | Router redundancy in data communication networks | |
US7720978B2 (en) | Method for data communication and system thereof | |
CN101068378B (en) | Method, system and equipment for realizing multimedia information service system disaster recovery | |
CN104509073A (en) | Discovering ip multicast group memberships in software defined networks | |
RU2712813C1 (en) | Method and system for processing notification on registration of a node | |
CN104243190B (en) | A kind of method and the network equipment for realizing zero configuration networking protocol service | |
WO2014029276A1 (en) | Communication method and device | |
US6425014B1 (en) | Methods, systems and computer program products for providing network connection information in a cluster of data processing systems | |
CN114301823B (en) | Route notification method, device, equipment and storage medium | |
JPH11313059A (en) | Multicasting communication method/system and storage medium recording multicasting communication program | |
CN107872387B (en) | Method and system for transmitting VPN route | |
CN113612812B (en) | Implementation of distributed group server and data synchronization method thereof | |
US10320854B1 (en) | Systems and methods for setting up a session in a collaborative communication system | |
CN114125827B (en) | Terminal management method, device and centralized management system | |
JP2001154964A (en) | Method for distributing data resources | |
CN106878051B (en) | Multi-machine backup implementation method and device | |
WO2019161721A1 (en) | Correspondence processing method and device based on interworking rcs system | |
CN100542167C (en) | Wireless route implementing method between the master-slave equipment group based on the IGRS agreement | |
CN115766687B (en) | Home gateway ipv6 file system and interaction method thereof | |
CN114374643B (en) | Communication method and device | |
CN217789687U (en) | Transmission system of back source request | |
CN116506346A (en) | Distributed star-shaped mesh network communication method, system, equipment and storage medium | |
CN116346645A (en) | Converged communication system based on heterogeneous terminal | |
KR100296416B1 (en) | Method of Connecting nodes in Distributed System |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |