CN113612512A - Low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation multi-beam control method - Google Patents
Low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation multi-beam control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation multi-beam control method is characterized in that in the satellite constellation operation process, the communication frequency of each satellite is distributed and managed, the same frequency interference generated by a satellite group in an overlapping coverage area on the ground at any moment is avoided, the beam coverage state of each satellite is controlled, the mutual interference of signals in a satellite coverage area is reduced, the C/I of the satellite coverage area is analyzed, and the problem of the mutual interference of the signals in the satellite coverage area can be reduced under the condition of ensuring the seamless coverage of the earth surface by adopting a brand-new constellation beam management control method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation multi-beam control method, and belongs to the technical field of low-orbit satellite constellation operation management.
Background
When a plurality of satellites serve a ground area at the same time, ground users can receive signals of two or more different satellites, the ground users can also approach the frequency of carrier waves due to the same landing strength of the signals, the interference becomes serious, even normal communication can not be carried out, and results such as crosstalk, noise and the like can occur for voice signals. The C/I, i.e., the ratio of the carrier power to the interference signal power, is commonly used in satellite communications to characterize the tolerable level of interference. In satellite communication, the C/I is required to be more than 16dB, and the coverage area overlapping area C/I is less than the value, but in the existing management and control method of communication satellite group, it is still difficult to reduce or avoid interference.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problem that signals of a low-orbit satellite group interfere with each other in a high latitude area in the prior art, a low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation multi-beam control method is provided.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation multi-beam control method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the frequency planning of user communication, the carrier frequency of a low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation is designed, and the frequencies of a receiving service and a transmitting service are equally divided into 3 frequency bands;
(2) dividing the frequencies of the low-orbit mobile communication satellite in each orbit plane, and corresponding to the frequency band obtained in the step (1);
(3) monitoring the running state of the low-orbit mobile communication satellite in each orbital plane in real time, and when the satellite in each orbital plane runs to more than 60 degrees of north latitude or more than 60 degrees of south latitude, only one satellite is reserved in different orbital plane satellites in the same frequency band to run;
(4) and carrying out frequency signal isolation on the only satellite in each frequency band through a digital filter to finish frequency signal suppression.
In the step (1), the frequency bands are respectively as follows: frequency band a, frequency band b, frequency band c, in step (2), the number of low earth orbit mobile communication satellite orbit surfaces is 6, which are orbit surfaces 1 to 6 respectively.
In the step (2), the frequency band a is adopted by the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the orbital plane 1 and the orbital plane 4, the frequency band b is adopted by the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the orbital plane 2 and the orbital plane 5, and the frequency band c is adopted by the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the orbital plane 3 and the orbital plane 6.
In the step (3), when the satellites in each orbital plane run to more than 60 degrees north latitude or more than 60 degrees south latitude, the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the odd orbits or the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the even orbits are closed, the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the even orbits or the odd orbits are enabled to run continuously, and the interference among different frequency bands is reduced through digital filtering.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation multi-beam control method provided by the invention, in the satellite constellation operation process, the beam coverage state of each satellite is managed, the mutual interference of signals in the satellite coverage area is reduced, the C/I of the satellite coverage area is analyzed at the same time, and the problem of mutual interference of signals in the satellite coverage area can be reduced by adopting a brand-new constellation beam management control method under the condition of ensuring seamless coverage on the earth surface;
(2) the invention adopts the communication frequency management of the orbit satellite, so that the working frequencies of the same coverage area are staggered, the isolation of three sections of frequency signals inhibits the non-working frequency signals through a digital filter in the effective load, the inhibition degree can reach more than 20dB, and only the communication frequency band designed by the satellite is reserved, thereby ensuring that the communication of the low-orbit satellite communication link can not interfere with each other even when the low-orbit satellite communication link passes through the polar region.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a low-earth constellation satellite orbit operation diagram provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overlapping of the adjacent three-orbital-surface satellites in the high-altitude coverage area;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a satellite constellation communication frequency band planning method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a track plane frequency planning method according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of coverage of a multi-orbital satellite provided by the present invention in a high altitude area;
Detailed Description
A low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation multi-beam control method manages the beam coverage state of each satellite in the satellite constellation operation process, reduces the mutual interference of signals in the satellite coverage area, and simultaneously analyzes the C/I of the satellite coverage area. The result shows that the problem of mutual interference of signals in a satellite coverage area can be reduced by adopting the constellation beam management method in the invention under the condition of ensuring seamless coverage on the earth surface.
The satellite constellation control method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the frequency planning of user communication, the frequency of receiving service and transmitting service is equally divided into 3 frequency bands by designing the carrier frequency of a low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation, wherein the frequency bands are respectively as follows: frequency band a, frequency band b and frequency band c;
(2) dividing the frequencies of the low-orbit mobile communication satellite in each orbit plane, and corresponding to the frequency band obtained in the step (1);
the number of the low-orbit mobile communication satellite orbit surfaces is 6, and the low-orbit mobile communication satellite orbit surfaces are respectively from orbit surface 1 to orbit surface 6;
specifically, the frequency band a is adopted by the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the orbital plane 1 and the orbital plane 4, the frequency band b is adopted by the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the orbital plane 2 and the orbital plane 5, and the frequency band c is adopted by the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the orbital plane 3 and the orbital plane 6;
(3) monitoring the running state of the low-orbit mobile communication satellite in each orbital plane in real time, and when the satellite in each orbital plane runs to more than 60 degrees of north latitude or more than 60 degrees of south latitude, only one satellite is reserved in different orbital plane satellites in the same frequency band to run;
when the satellites in all the orbital planes run to more than 60 degrees of north latitude or more than 60 degrees of south latitude, the low-orbit mobile communication satellites on the odd orbits or the low-orbit mobile communication satellites on the even orbits are closed, so that the low-orbit mobile communication satellites on the even orbits or the odd orbits continuously run, and the interference among different frequency bands is reduced through digital filtering;
(4) and carrying out frequency signal isolation on the only satellite in each frequency band through a digital filter to finish frequency signal suppression.
The user wave beam of the low-orbit mobile communication satellite adopts a receiving-transmitting duplex communication system, in order to prevent the receiving signal from being interfered by the transmitting signal, a duplexer is adopted at the rear end of a receiving-transmitting antenna to isolate a receiving-transmitting channel, so that the isolation of the receiving-transmitting channel reaches more than 80dB, and the receiving channel is ensured not to be interfered by the transmitting signal.
The signals received by the receiving channel are converted into baseband signals after the signals are amplified, frequency-converted and demodulated, then the baseband signals are converted into digital signals by digital sampling, and the baseband signals are converted into the digital signals by the digital sampling.
The following is further illustrated according to specific examples:
in the low-orbit swan goose satellite constellation project of the institute of radio technology in western' an space, the low-orbit swan goose satellite constellation project comprises 54 satellites, the satellites run on 6 specific orbital planes with the height of about 1000km away from the earth surface, 6 satellites are uniformly distributed on each orbit, and the included angle between the orbital planes and the earth equator is 85 degrees. The satellite is provided with the L-band multi-beam antenna to realize global seamless coverage voice and data communication, and communication can be carried out through a low-orbit constellation at any position of the world. The coverage area of each satellite is the same in size and circular in shape, and the diameter of the coverage area on the earth surface is about 4500 km.
In the process of low-orbit satellite constellation operation, the coverage area of each satellite on the earth is constantly changed, and because the earth is circular, when the satellite operates to the extreme latitudes of south and north, the distances between satellites in different orbits are gradually reduced. For example: within 60 degrees of latitude, the distance of the different orbit satellite is more than 2900km, and at high latitude of south and north, the satellites in different orbits approach gradually, and according to the statistics of a constellation operation model, the closest spatial distance of the different orbit satellite is shown in the example of fig. 1, wherein the orbital distance of HY068 and HY01 satellite is the smallest, and the smallest distance is only 150 km;
because the under-satellite coverage area of each satellite is relatively stable, the reduction of the distance between two different-orbit satellites can cause the overlapping and even coincidence of the coverage areas of the satellites, and the overlapping condition is more obvious in a high-latitude area with the north-south latitude of more than 60 degrees.
The case of coverage area interference of satellites in different orbits is shown in fig. 2, for example, three satellites are respectively arranged on three adjacent orbits, and after the middle satellite runs to 60 ° north latitude, it can be seen from the figure that the coverage area of the middle satellite coincides with the coverage areas of two satellites on two sides, and the overlapping coverage area in the figure is the interference area.
Satellite coverage areas overlap to create mutual interference of the satellite signals. When a plurality of satellites serve a ground area at the same time, a ground user receives signals of two or more different satellites, and because the ground strength of the signals is the same, the frequency of the carrier wave is also close, the interference becomes serious, even normal communication cannot be performed, and results such as crosstalk, noise and the like occur for voice signals. The C/I (i.e., the ratio of the carrier power to the interference signal power) is commonly used in satellite communications to characterize the tolerable level of interference. In satellite communications, it is required that C/I be greater than 16dB and that C/I be less than this for coverage area overlap regions.
In this embodiment, the frequency band used for user communication in the low earth orbit mobile satellite constellation is a frequency band allocated by the international telecommunications union, and the satellite receiving and transmitting services each have a resource with a frequency bandwidth of 7 MHz. Wherein 1MHz is used for control channel, 6MHz user communication service. Meanwhile, according to the technical requirements of users, the user capacity of a single satellite is larger than 700, each satellite has 156 carriers, the occupied bandwidth of each carrier is 31.25KHz, and each carrier can simultaneously accommodate 5 users.
According to the total frequency planning of user communication, the carrier frequency of a satellite constellation is planned as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, the 6MHz frequency of the receiving and transmitting service is divided into 3 segments (frequency band a, frequency band b, frequency band c) on average, and each segment has a frequency bandwidth of 2MHz, and is used for different orbital single satellites.
The frequencies of the 6 track surfaces are divided into:
as shown in fig. 4, the satellites of the orbital plane 1 and the orbital plane 4 adopt a frequency band a; the satellites of the orbital plane 2 and the orbital plane 3 adopt a frequency band b; the satellite of the orbital plane 3 and the orbital plane 6 adopts the frequency band c;
when different orbiting satellites travel to regions of high latitude on the earth, i.e., 60 degrees above latitude, the beam coverage areas of the satellites overlap. The specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) when the satellites on the 6 orbits all run to the north latitude over 60 degrees, the satellites on the orbit 2, the orbit 4 and the orbit 6 are closed, the coverage areas of the reserved satellites on the orbit 1, the orbit 3 and the orbit 5 are overlapped, but the use frequency bands of the 3 satellites are respectively a frequency band a, a frequency band b and a frequency band c, and the interference among the satellites can be greatly reduced through digital filtering;
(2) when the satellites on the 6 orbits all run to more than 60 degrees in south latitude, the satellites on the orbit 1, the orbit 3 and the orbit 5 are closed, the coverage areas of the reserved satellites on the orbit 2, the orbit 4 and the orbit 6 are overlapped, but the use frequency bands of the 3 satellites are still respectively the frequency band a, the frequency band b and the frequency band c, and the mutual interference can be greatly reduced through digital filtering. The frequency planning method can prevent the C/I deterioration problem in the coverage area.
According to the method, a carrier resource allocation and management scheme of a satellite constellation is designed, and the scheme ensures that the C/I can still meet the condition that the C/I is more than 16dB under the multiple satellite coverage conditions in high latitude areas and polar regions.
According to the architecture of the patent, in a low earth orbit satellite communication system which adopts a plurality of orbits for global coverage, the communication frequency of each satellite can be distributed and managed, so that the same frequency interference generated by satellite groups in the ground overlapping coverage area at any moment is avoided, and the frequency management strategy after management is shown in fig. 5;
as shown in fig. 5, when a low earth orbit communication satellite with 6 orbits moves towards a polar region, coverage areas gradually start to overlap with the movement of the satellite, and when the satellite coverage areas of adjacent orbits start to coincide when reaching a latitude of 60 degrees, satellite beams of odd orbits or even orbits can be turned off through a satellite service management command. With the gradual rise of the latitude of the coverage area, the coverage areas of the satellites in the three orbits are overlapped, under the working condition, the communication frequencies of the satellites in the three orbits are managed, so that the working frequencies of the same coverage area are staggered, the isolation of three sections of frequency signals inhibits non-working frequency signals through a digital filter in a payload, the inhibition degree can reach more than 20dB, and only the communication frequency band designed by the satellite is reserved, so that the communication of the low-orbit satellite communication link can not interfere with each other even when the low-orbit satellite communication link passes through a polar region.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the details of the invention not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of those in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation multi-beam control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the frequency planning of user communication, the carrier frequency of a low-orbit mobile communication satellite constellation is designed, and the frequencies of a receiving service and a transmitting service are equally divided into 3 frequency bands;
(2) dividing the frequencies of the low-orbit mobile communication satellite in each orbit plane, and corresponding to the frequency band obtained in the step (1);
(3) monitoring the running state of the low-orbit mobile communication satellite in each orbital plane in real time, and when the satellite in each orbital plane runs to more than 60 degrees of north latitude or more than 60 degrees of south latitude, only one satellite is reserved in different orbital plane satellites in the same frequency band to run;
(4) and carrying out frequency signal isolation on the only satellite in each frequency band through a digital filter to finish frequency signal suppression.
2. The multi-beam control method for low earth orbit mobile communication satellite constellation according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the step (1), the frequency bands are respectively as follows: frequency band a, frequency band b, frequency band c, in step (2), the number of low earth orbit mobile communication satellite orbit surfaces is 6, which are orbit surfaces 1 to 6 respectively.
3. The multi-beam control method for low earth orbit mobile communication satellite constellation according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the step (2), the frequency band a is adopted by the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the orbital plane 1 and the orbital plane 4, the frequency band b is adopted by the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the orbital plane 2 and the orbital plane 5, and the frequency band c is adopted by the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the orbital plane 3 and the orbital plane 6.
4. The multi-beam control method for low earth orbit mobile communication satellite constellation according to claim 3, characterized in that:
in the step (3), when the satellites in each orbital plane run to more than 60 degrees north latitude or more than 60 degrees south latitude, the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the odd orbits or the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the even orbits are closed, the low-orbit mobile communication satellites in the even orbits or the odd orbits are enabled to run continuously, and the interference among different frequency bands is reduced through digital filtering.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4689625A (en) * | 1984-11-06 | 1987-08-25 | Martin Marietta Corporation | Satellite communications system and method therefor |
| RU2014143833A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Информационные спутниковые системы" имени академика М.Ф. Решетнева" | Global system of satellite communications and data transmission with spacecraft in a low circular orbit |
| CN109412682A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-01 | 北京卫星信息工程研究所 | Low rail constellation satellite beams frequency resource allocation method in one kind |
| CN110838867A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-25 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Medium-low orbit satellite constellation and beam design method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4689625A (en) * | 1984-11-06 | 1987-08-25 | Martin Marietta Corporation | Satellite communications system and method therefor |
| RU2014143833A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Информационные спутниковые системы" имени академика М.Ф. Решетнева" | Global system of satellite communications and data transmission with spacecraft in a low circular orbit |
| CN109412682A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-01 | 北京卫星信息工程研究所 | Low rail constellation satellite beams frequency resource allocation method in one kind |
| CN110838867A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-25 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Medium-low orbit satellite constellation and beam design method thereof |
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