RU2714301C1 - Method for retransmitting radio signals from a geostationary orbit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: satellite information systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to satellite information systems, in particular to provision of satellite communication and high-speed Internet access services in the territory of the Russian Federation. For this purpose, in the method of relaying radio signals from a geostationary orbit aboard a spacecraft, two on-board relay complexes (BRC) – C- and Q/Ka-bands, wherein the C-band BRC includes a C-band transponder and a C-band antenna-feeder system; Q/Ka-band BRC includes a Q/Ka-band relay, an Q-band antenna-feeder system, Ka-band antenna-feeder system; regional and global coverage areas are formed in C-band; Q-band provides a retargeting service area formed by a narrow controlled antenna beam for reception from a central ground station, and 28 narrow antenna beams of a multi-beam coverage area with re-use of frequencies for reception from subscribers; Ka-band is provided with a retargeting service area formed by a narrow controlled antenna beam for transmission to a central ground station, and 28 narrow antenna beams of the multi-beam coverage area with re-use of frequencies for transmission to subscribers; wherein polarization multiplexing of channels and multibeam antennae are used.

EFFECT: technical result consists in creation of useful load of spacecraft.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to satellite information systems, in particular, to the provision of satellite communications and high-speed Internet access in the Russian Federation.

Currently, in the Russian Federation there is no implemented satellite information system that provides uninterrupted service throughout the country and provides personal voice communications and high-speed Internet access. Foreign systems operating on the territory of Russia are distinguished by the high cost of their services, do not provide the entire list of services needed by Russian consumers, as well as a significant part of the territory of the Russian Federation, especially hard-to-reach and northern regions, are outside the coverage of foreign systems. All this limits the possibilities of their application and makes it necessary to create a domestic system of personal satellite communications and providing high-speed Internet access.

The main direction of improving the system is the effective use of the frequency-orbital resource to provide services to the territory of the Russian Federation in order to increase its economic efficiency.

Currently, various systems of multifunctional space communication systems are known in which it is proposed to use satellites in geostationary (GSO) and highly elliptical (HEO) orbits (patents RU No. 2366086, 2223205, 2360848).

A method for providing information services to the Earth’s territory is described in the “Method for constructing a space relay system using geosynchronous relay satellites” (patent RU No. 2366086). The system is constructed using satellite transponders in high elliptical orbits of the Tundra type and having longitude nodes separated by 120 °. Subscribers of the system are earth stations and low-orbit spacecraft operating in the general wavelength range. Repeater satellites are equipped with multi-beam antennas, the central group of beams of which serves ground subscribers while the spacecraft is in the service area, and the peripheral one - for space subscribers. When the spacecraft is outside the ground subscriber service area, all the beams of the multipath antenna are used to service space subscribers. Communication with terrestrial subscribers is carried out during the period of at least one relay satellite above the service area of terrestrial subscribers. The multi-beam antenna of each repeater satellite has a maximum angle of deviation of the axis of its rays from the axis passing through the location of the repeater satellite and the center of the Earth bounded by the angle α = arcsin [RKA / (R3 + LRS)], where RKA is the radius of the sphere of possible space positions subscribers; R3 is the radius of the Earth; NPSR is the perigee height of the orbit of the relay satellite.

The disadvantage of this system is the use of a high elliptical orbit of the Tundra type with a high apogee height at the working area of 43,000 km, which greatly complicates the equipment of subscribers due to the need for a handover procedure. In addition, the system does not provide for the possibility of servicing private consumers with small-sized subscriber terminals. Continuous customer service is possible only if there are several spacecraft, which makes this system more expensive.

Known multi-purpose space system (Patent RU No. 2360848) for serving a vast geographical region based on high-orbit and low-orbit spacecraft (SC) and ground-based communication and control points, including two spacecraft for meteorological and geophysical monitoring, at least two specialized communication spacecraft, and one or two spacecraft in low orbits for radar monitoring.

The disadvantage of this system is the large number of spacecraft in different orbits in the orbital constellation, which makes the system more expensive and complicates its commissioning and further maintenance, and also creates difficulties in relaying information from low-orbit spacecraft. In addition, the application proposes to use the minimum number of spacecraft (2) in high elliptical orbit for satellite communications, but this will not be enough for uninterrupted customer service.

These sources of information describe methods and systems for transmitting radio signals based on the use of satellite systems and their specific distribution in orbits. The technical solution, similar in nature and purpose to the authors have not been identified.

The technical problem is the creation of a method for relaying radio signals from a geostationary orbit with high performance and efficient use of the frequency spectrum using a single relay satellite that provides satellite communications and high-speed Internet access in the Russian Federation.

The technical problem is solved due to the fact that in the method of relaying radio signals from a geostationary orbit on board the spacecraft, two airborne relay complexes (DBK) are placed - C- and Q / Ka-band, while the C-band DBK includes a C-band repeater and C-band antenna-feeder system; The Q / Ka DBK includes a Q / Ka-band repeater, a Q-band antenna-feeder system, a Ka-band antenna-feeder system; in the C-band form regional and global service areas; in the Q-band provide a retargeted service area formed by a narrow controlled antenna beam to receive from a central ground station, and 28 narrow antenna beams of a multipath service area with reuse of frequencies received from subscribers; in the Ka-band provide a retargeted service area formed by a narrow controlled antenna beam for transmission to a central ground station and 28 narrow antenna beams of a multi-beam service area with frequency reuse for transmission to subscribers; at the same time, polarization sealing of channels and multipath antennas of Q and Ka ranges are used; provide for the possibility of communication between central ground stations in the C / Ka, Q / C and Q / Ka bands.

To solve this problem, a repeater satellite in geostationary orbit is used, which provides a service area covering the territory of the Russian Federation, base earth stations for organizing communications and providing interfacing with external networks, and terrestrial means of mobile and fixed-line consumers.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows the regional service area of DBK C-band; in FIG. 2 - service area DBK Q / Ka-band; in FIG. 3 is a functional diagram of a C-band DBK; in FIG. 4 - functional diagram of the “direct” channels of the DBK Q / Ka-band; in FIG. 5 is a functional diagram of the "reverse" channels of the DBK Q / Ka-band; in FIG. 6 - frequency-polarization plan DBK C-band; in FIG. 7 - frequency-polarization plan DBK Q / Ka-band.

On board the spacecraft, it is proposed to place two airborne relay complexes (DBK) - C- and Q / Ka-bands, which provide transparent relaying (the relayed radio signal is not subjected to digital processing).

C-band DBK includes:

a) C-band repeater:

1) C-band relay equipment;

2) HF cable network and waveguides;

b) C-band antenna-feeder system;

DBK Q / Ka-band includes:

a) Q / Ka-band repeater:

1) Q-band relay equipment;

2) Ka-band relay equipment;

3) HF cable network and waveguides;

b) Q-band antenna-feeder system;

c) Ka-band antenna-feeder system;

The C-band DBK provides reception and transmission of 12 trunks with left (LHCP) and right (RHCP) circular polarization in accordance with the frequency plan (Fig. 6), as well as transmitting the unmodulated signal of two beacons in the left and right circular polarizations. Each barrel is equipped with a separate power amplifier (transmitter).

S-band DBK provides 2 service areas:

a) a regional service area of 3.5 ° × 8 ° (Fig. 1) for reception and transmission for all 12 trunks. Service areas should be redirected by commands from the Earth to any point on the Earth's surface visible from the satellite.

b) a global service area of 15 ° × 15 °, for reception and transmission for two shafts.

The functional diagram of the C-band DBK is shown in FIG. 3. From the receiving antenna, the total radio signal at the receiving frequency passing through the input filter is fed to the input of the receivers (PFP) for amplification with a low noise level and transfer to the transmission frequency. From the output of the receivers, the signal passing through the input multiplexer (IMUX) is divided into channel signals for amplification by transmitters (LULBV), after which the channel signals are again combined into a total signal using the output multiplexer (OMUX) for transmission to consumers through a transmitting antenna.

Q / Ka-band DBK provides the operation of 28 “direct” channel trunks (Central Station (DS) - Subscriber) with a bandwidth of 72 MHz and 28 “reverse” channel trunks (Subscriber - DS) bandwidth of 72 MHz in accordance with the frequency plan (ill. 7). The service area of the “forward” and “reverse” channels consists of 28 beams and is shown in FIG. 2.

The Q / Ka-band DBK provides the operation of 4 direct relay channels with a bandwidth of 72 MHz inside the redirected service area (direction of the TsS-TsS).

The Q / Ka DBK provides reception of signals with left circular polarization in the multipath service area and with left and right circular polarization in the redirected service area.

The Q / Ka DBK also provides signal transmission of beacons with left and right circular polarization in the service area of 2.5 ° × 8 °.

The functional diagram of the Q / Ka DBK is shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. Unlike C-band DBKs, low noise amplifiers (LNAs) in conjunction with converters (KNV) instead of receivers are used for amplification with a low noise level and transfer to the transmission frequency. This decision is due to the lack of Q / Ka-band receivers.

This method is implemented in the onboard relay complex (DBK) of the spacecraft. The spacecraft DBK in the Q / Ka band is built according to the HTS architecture (Figs. 5, 6), which ensures efficient use of the frequency spectrum and high specific power of the spacecraft.

Achievable technical result of this invention is the provision of satellite communications services in the Russian Federation using one satellite. The use of the Q-band in the repeater allows you to increase the efficiency of the use of the frequency spectrum, and also reduces the overall dimensions of the payload of the spacecraft. High throughput is achieved due to polarization densification of channels and the use of multi-beam antennas Q and Ka - bands, allowing multiple use of frequencies and improve energy in subscriber communication lines.

Claims (1)

A method of relaying radio signals from a geostationary orbit, characterized in that onboard the spacecraft two on-board relay complexes (DBK) are deployed - C- and Q / Ka-band, while the C-band DBK includes a C-band repeater and an antenna-feeder C-band system; Q / Ka-band DBK includes a Q / Ka-band repeater, a Q-band antenna-feeder system, a Ka-band antenna-feeder system; in the C-band form regional and global service areas; in the Q-band provide a retargeted service area formed by a narrow controlled antenna beam to receive from a central ground station, and 28 narrow antenna beams of a multipath service area with reuse of frequencies received from subscribers; in the Ka-band provide a retargeted service area formed by a narrow controlled antenna beam for transmission to a central ground station, and 28 narrow antenna beams of a multi-beam service area with frequency reuse for transmission to subscribers; in this case, polarization channel densification and multi-beam antennas of Q- and Ka-bands are used; provide for the possibility of communication between central ground stations in the C / Ka-, Q / C- and Q / Ka-bands.

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