CN113608033B - High-precision wide-range power distribution network capacitance current testing method - Google Patents
High-precision wide-range power distribution network capacitance current testing method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2605—Measuring capacitance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
Abstract
A high-precision wide-range power distribution network capacitance current testing method comprises the following steps: step 1, constructing a power distribution network capacitance current test circuit model; step 2, sequentially connecting three test currents i with different frequencies and identical amplitudes 1 、i 2 、i 3 Injecting from the secondary side of the voltage transformer; step 3, respectively collecting and inputting test current as i 1 、i 2 、i 3 During the process, the current amplitude I of the secondary side of the voltage transformer 1 、I 2 、I 3 Current phaseAnd current frequency omega 1 、ω 2 、ω 3 And the voltage amplitude U of the secondary side of the voltage transformer 1 、U 2 、U 3 And voltage phaseStep 4, calculating the impedance Z corresponding to the test circuit under different test currents according to the expressions of the impedance amplitude and the phase 1 、Z 2 、Z 3 Amplitude A of (2) 1 、A 2 、A 3 And phase B 1 、B 2 、B 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And step 5, obtaining the value of the capacitance C of the distribution network to the ground according to the impedance amplitude and the phase. The invention can realize real-time online measurement of the capacitance current of the power distribution network, and has wide measurement range and high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power distribution network measurement, and particularly relates to a high-precision wide-range power distribution network capacitance current testing method.
Background
In recent years, with the expansion of urban power grid scale in China and the increase of medium-voltage electrical equipment and cable outgoing lines in a power distribution network, the zero-sequence capacitance current level has begun to influence a plurality of fields such as safety of a distribution network system, equipment operation and maintenance, system scheduling and development planning. However, the existing power distribution network capacitance current testing method has the problems of less measurement data, difficulty in reflecting the system capacitance current change process, incapability of online real-time measurement and the like. In addition, as equipment with own grounding points such as a secondary fusion switch and the like enters large-scale application, the grounding parameters of the power distribution network change in real time, and the traditional offline measurement technology cannot meet the real-time measurement requirement. Therefore, research on a wide-range high-precision online test method for the capacitance current of the power distribution network to the ground is needed, and theoretical support and technical guarantee are provided for safe and stable operation of the power distribution network.
At present, related researches are carried out on the test method of the capacitance current of the power distribution network by students at home and abroad, and the prior art comprises the measurement of the capacitance current of the power distribution network based on a three-frequency method. The prior art also comprises a method for obtaining the capacitance current of the power distribution network by utilizing the zero sequence voltage transformer of the power distribution network to inject variable frequency current signals into the power distribution network, measuring voltage signals returned by the voltage transformer in the arc suppression coil, establishing a variable frequency equivalent circuit considering damping resistance and utilizing the variable frequency equivalent circuit to conduct deduction. When the parameters of the arc suppression coil are unknown, the parameters of the capacitance to ground of the power distribution network cannot be measured on line.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-precision wide-range power distribution network capacitance current testing method, which strictly derives an expression of capacitance current in a current signal injection mode, realizes accurate measurement of the power distribution network capacitance current, and remarkably improves the measurement range and accuracy.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme. A high-precision wide-range power distribution network capacitance current testing method comprises the following steps:
step 1, constructing a power distribution network capacitance current test circuit model;
step 2, sequentially connecting three test currents i with different frequencies and identical amplitudes 1 、i 2 、i 3 Injecting from the secondary side of the voltage transformer;
step 3, respectively collecting and inputting test current as i 1 、i 2 、i 3 During the process, the current amplitude I of the secondary side of the voltage transformer 1 、I 2 、I 3 Current phaseAnd current frequency omega 1 、ω 2 、ω 3 And the voltage amplitude U of the secondary side of the voltage transformer 1 、U 2 、U 3 And voltage phase->
Step 4, calculating the impedance Z corresponding to the test circuit under different test currents according to the expressions of the impedance amplitude and the phase 1 、Z 2 、Z 3 Amplitude A of (2) 1 、A 2 、A 3 And phase B 1 、B 2 、B 3 ；
And step 5, obtaining the value of the capacitance C of the distribution network to the ground according to the impedance amplitude and the phase.
Preferably, the amplitude of the test current injected in the step 2 is not more than one thousandth of the amplitude of the normal working current of the power distribution network, and the frequency is less than 50Hz.
Preferably, the test current i 1 、i 2 、i 3 The frequency combinations of (2) are 5Hz, 10Hz and 20Hz.
Preferably, the impedance Z 1 、Z 2 、Z 3 Amplitude A of (2) 1 、A 2 、A 3 And phase B 1 、B 2 、B 3 The formula of (2) is as follows:
preferably, the calculation formula of the capacitance C of the distribution network to ground is as follows:
compared with the prior art, the method for testing the capacitance current of the power distribution network has the advantages that the real-time online measurement of the capacitance current of the power distribution network can be realized under the condition that parameters of the arc suppression coil are unknown, the accuracy of measurement results is high, the range is wide, and theoretical support and technical guarantee are provided for safe and stable operation of the power distribution network.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of a method for testing capacitance and current of a power distribution network with wide precision range;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a capacitive current test circuit of the power distribution network according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit structure of a capacitive current test circuit of a power distribution network according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.
Referring to the schematic diagram of fig. 1, for the overall flow diagram of a high-precision wide-range power distribution network capacitance current testing method provided by the invention, the method specifically comprises the following steps,
step 1: constructing a power distribution network capacitance current test circuit model;
specifically, referring to the schematic diagram of fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a capacitive current test circuit of a power distribution network in the present invention, where the circuit includes a signal injection module 1, a power distribution network capacitance-to-ground module 2, an arc suppression coil module 3, and a power distribution network three-phase power supply E A 、E B 、E C The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the signal injection module 1 comprises a voltage transformer, the test current i is injected into the test circuit through the secondary side of the voltage transformer, and the distribution network ground capacitance module 2 comprises a three-phase ground capacitance C A 、C B 、C C The arc suppression coil module 3 includes an inductance L 2 ，。
Wherein, three-phase earth capacitance C of the distribution network earth capacitance module 2 A 、C B 、C C Respectively with three-phase power supply E of distribution network A 、E B 、E C One end of a voltage transformer of the signal injection module 1 and an inductance L of the arc suppression coil module 3 are connected 2 One end of the power transformer is respectively connected with a three-phase power supply of the power distribution network, and the voltage transformer and the inductance L 2 The other end of which is grounded.
Further, referring to the schematic diagram of fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit structure of the test circuit, where the equivalent circuit includes: exciting resistor R of voltage transformer m And excitation reactance X m Voltage transformer winding resistance R and short-circuit reactance X L1 Three-phase earth capacitance sum C and arc suppression coil reactance X of power distribution network L2 。
The test current i is injected into the power distribution network through the secondary side of the voltage transformer, and because the excitation impedance of the voltage transformer is far greater than the short-circuit impedance, the arc suppression coil impedance and the ground capacitance impedance of the power distribution network, the excitation loop can be ignored and is equivalent to an open circuit, so that the influence of the internal impedance of the voltage transformer on the capacitance current test of the power distribution network can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the test result is improved.
Further, the electricity of the secondary side of the voltage transformer is obtainedCurrent amplitude I, current phaseCurrent frequency ω, voltage amplitude U and voltage phase +.>And calculating the impedance amplitude A and the phase B of the test circuit according to the data.
The impedance amplitude and phase calculation formula of the test circuit is as follows:
step 2, sequentially connecting three test currents i with different frequencies and identical amplitudes 1 、i 2 、i 3 The method comprises the steps of injecting from the secondary side of a voltage transformer, wherein the amplitude of the injected test current is not more than one thousandth of the amplitude of the normal working current of the power distribution network, and the frequency is less than 50Hz;
specifically, the selection of the test current frequency can influence the accuracy of the capacitor current test result, in order to improve the accuracy of calculation of the capacitance value to the ground, a lower test current frequency is selected, but if the test current frequency is selected too low, the influence of an excitation loop cannot be ignored, so that the two factors are comprehensively considered when the frequency of the test current is selected, test currents with different frequencies are selected for simulation analysis, the influence of different choices of the test current frequency on the accuracy of the final capacitor current test result is compared, and the accurate measurement of the capacitance to the ground can be realized when the selected test current frequency is below 50Hz and does not contain 50Hz.
Further comparing the measurement accuracy under different test current frequency combinations to obtain three test currents i 1 、i 2 、i 3 The frequency of (2) is preferably combined to a value of 5Hz and 10Hz and 20Hz.
Step 3, respectively collecting and inputting test current as i 1 、i 2 、i 3 During the process, the current amplitude I of the secondary side of the voltage transformer 1 、I 2 、I 3 Current phaseAnd current frequency omega 1 、ω 2 、ω 3 And the voltage amplitude U of the secondary side of the voltage transformer 1 、U 2 、U 3 And voltage phase->
Step 4, calculating the impedance Z corresponding to the test circuit under different test currents according to the expressions of the impedance amplitude and the phase 1 、Z 2 、Z 3 Amplitude A of (2) 1 、A 2 、A 3 And phase B 1 、B 2 、B 3 ；
Specifically, according to the input test current, the calculation formula for measuring the circuit impedance and the amplitude is as follows:
and step 5, obtaining the value of the capacitance C of the distribution network to the ground according to the impedance amplitude and the phase.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the capacitance to ground C of the power distribution network is as follows:
compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the method strictly deduces the expression of the capacitance current in a mode of injecting the current signal, substitutes specific values of the impedance amplitude and the phase, realizes online accurate measurement of the capacitance current of the power distribution network, and remarkably improves the measurement range and accuracy.
The measuring method provided by the invention can realize real-time online measurement of the capacitance current of the power distribution network when the arc suppression coil parameter of the test circuit is unknown, has high accuracy and wide range of measuring results, and provides theoretical support and technical guarantee for safe and stable operation of the power distribution network.
In order to verify the beneficial effects of the power distribution network capacitance and current testing method in practical application, the capacitors with different sizes are measured based on the testing method, the difference between the tested value and the actual value is compared, and the comparison result is shown in the following table 1; further, for capacitors with the same size, the testing method provided by the invention is adopted, and the testing method of the prior art that the capacitor current is solved by injecting three constant currents with different frequencies at the secondary side of the voltage transformer and the capacitor current is solved by injecting variable frequency current signals into the power distribution network by using the power distribution network zero sequence voltage transformer is adopted, the testing is carried out under the same measuring background, and the measurement result and the measurement accuracy of the capacitance to ground are obtained under the comparison of the three methods, wherein the results are shown in the following table 2:
table 1: comparison table of capacitance test value and actual value under test method based on the invention
Table 2: capacitance test value and actual value comparison table based on traditional three-frequency test method
| Capacitance actual value (mu F) | Test value (mu F) | Measurement error (%) |
| 10 | 7.7088 | -29.21 |
| 20 | 15.032 | -24.84 |
| 30 | 22.927 | -23.58 |
| 100 | 123.51 | 23.51 |
| 150 | 208.89 | 40.52 |
| 180 | 253.47 | 39.26 |
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the measurement errors obtained based on the online test method provided by the invention are all below 0.11%, the measurement errors of the traditional measurement method are all more than 20%, the test errors are as high as 40% when the size of the capacitance to ground of the power distribution network is 150 mu F, and the test errors are close to 30% when the size of the capacitance to ground of the power distribution network is 10 mu F. Therefore, the error of the test value of the power distribution network to ground capacitance under the traditional test method is large, the test range is small, when the power distribution network to ground capacitance is large or small, the test error can be further enlarged, the online accurate measurement of the power distribution network to ground capacitance cannot be realized, and the test method provided by the invention can realize the high-precision online measurement of the wide-range power distribution network capacitance within 3-160 mu F.
In summary, it can be seen that the measurement method provided by the invention can accurately measure the capacitance current of the power distribution network in a wide range on line, and can effectively ensure the safe and stable operation of the power distribution network.
While the applicant has described and illustrated the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the detailed description is only for the purpose of helping the reader to better understand the spirit of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, but any improvements or modifications based on the spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The high-precision wide-range power distribution network capacitance current testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, constructing a capacitance-current testing circuit model of a power distribution network, wherein the circuit model comprises a signal injection module, a power distribution network grounding capacitance module, an arc suppression coil module and a power distribution network three-phase power supply, the signal injection module comprises a voltage transformer, the power distribution network grounding capacitance module comprises a three-phase grounding capacitance, and the arc suppression coil module comprises an inductor; the three-phase grounding capacitor of the power distribution network grounding capacitor module is connected with a power distribution network three-phase power supply respectively, one end of a voltage transformer of the signal injection module is connected with a neutral point of the power distribution network three-phase power supply, one end of an inductor of the arc suppression coil module is connected with the neutral point of the power distribution network three-phase power supply, and the other ends of the voltage transformer and the inductor are grounded;
step 2, sequentially testing three test currents with different frequencies and identical amplitudes、/>、/>Injecting from the secondary side of the voltage transformer of the test circuit model;
step 3, respectively collecting and inputting test current as、/>、/>At this time, the current amplitude of the secondary side of the voltage transformer +.>、/>、Current phase->、/>、/>And current frequency->、/>、/>And the voltage amplitude of the secondary side of the voltage transformer +.>、/>、/>And voltage phase->、/>、/>；
Step 4, calculating the impedance corresponding to the test circuit under different test currents according to the expressions of the impedance amplitude and the phase、、/>Amplitude +.>、/>、/>And phase->、/>、/>；
And 5, acquiring the value of the capacitance C of the power distribution network to the ground according to the impedance amplitude and the phase, wherein the calculation formula of the capacitance C of the power distribution network to the ground is as follows:
。
2. the high-precision wide-range power distribution network capacitance current testing method according to claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the test current injected in the step 2 is not more than one thousandth of the amplitude of the normal working current of the power distribution network, and the frequency is less than 50Hz.
3. The high-precision wide-range power distribution network capacitance current testing method according to claim 2, wherein the current is tested、/>、/>The frequency combinations of (2) are 5Hz, 10Hz and 20Hz.
4. A method of high accuracy wide range power distribution network capacitive current testing according to claim 3 wherein the impedance is、/>、/>Amplitude +.>、/>、/>And phase->、/>、/>The formula of (2) is as follows:
。
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