CN113607479A - Offshore geotechnical engineering confined water sampling device and method - Google Patents
Offshore geotechnical engineering confined water sampling device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000005002 Erythronium dens canis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure-bearing water sampling device and method for offshore geotechnical engineering, and the device comprises a sampling assembly and a drill bit assembly, wherein a water inlet opening is formed in the drill bit assembly, the drill bit assembly moves relative to a first protective pipe, the first protective pipe moves along with the drill bit assembly, and the first protective pipe can open or close the water inlet opening in the drill bit assembly; the sampling assembly comprises a sampling cylinder body and a measuring unit, a sampling cavity is formed in the sampling cylinder body, a sampling through hole is formed in the wall of the cylinder body, and the measuring unit is arranged in the sampling cavity in the sampling cylinder body and is in data connection with external control equipment; the sampling cylinder body can be arranged in the first protective pipe and matched with the drill bit assembly, and the sampling cylinder body can drive the drill bit assembly to move relative to the first protective pipe under the external drive. According to the scheme, a protective pipe partition mode is adopted, seawater and water-resisting layer water with a certain thickness below a seabed are isolated from permeating into a sampling point, and pure pressure-bearing water with different depths and high quality can be rapidly obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering investigation, in particular to a confined water sampling technology of offshore engineering.
Background
The offshore engineering faces the problem of corrosivity of building materials, the corrosivity of sections such as an ocean atmosphere area, a seawater splashing area, a seawater tidal range area, a seawater full-submerged area and a sea mud area is generally researched, the corrosivity analysis of a deep pressure water section is obviously insufficient, and the support of technical means is mainly lacked. How to obtain the confined water of each layer within the range of the foundation depth of the marine building (structure) and further evaluate the corrosivity of the marine building (structure) directly influences the stability and the safety of the marine building. At present, the testing technology for confined water at home and abroad is mainly applied to urban underground space foundation engineering, and a marine major engineering foundation is usually positioned under seawater, a seabed and a water-resisting layer with a certain thickness, so that how to obtain a confined water sample under the environmental condition to perform a water quality analysis test is to judge the corrosivity of the confined water sample to a building foundation, and the method is a key for marine engineering design.
The utility model discloses a partially similar solution has been disclosed among the prior art, like application number 201520386657.6's chinese utility model patent discloses a "pressure-bearing water sampler", the sampler comprises inner tube, urceolus, joint and drill bit, is equipped with filter screen and a plurality of through-hole between urceolus and the inner tube, rotates through interior urceolus, and pressure-bearing water passes through urceolus, through-hole inflow inner tube, can acquire comparatively pure pressure-bearing water sample.
The scheme is mainly used for the shallow engineering of the land area, does not relate to the factor that sea water and water in a water-resisting layer of the offshore engineering permeate into a drilled hole, and cannot be well applied to the offshore engineering.
In addition, the Chinese patent publication No. CN 106323534A discloses a self-drilling type in-situ test device for a confined water head and a use method thereof, the device consists of a drilling system, an expansion mechanism and a test system, and the underground water in the upper and lower layers of soil can be sealed and blocked by the cooperative work of an inner layer drilling pipe, an outer layer casing pipe and the expansion mechanism, so that the test of the underground confined water level can be effectively carried out.
Although the technical scheme is a technology for in-situ pressure measurement of confined water and separation of the impermeable layer by the expansion membrane, the technical scheme can only aim at land engineering and cannot be applied to sampling of the confined water in offshore engineering.
With construction projects such as deepwater ports, sea-crossing channels, marine artificial islands, marine strategic facilities and the like which are being implemented in China, a reliable technology for obtaining confined water at sea is needed to ensure the safety of marine engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the prior art can not be well applied to sampling of confined water in offshore engineering, the invention mainly aims to provide the confined water sampling device for offshore geotechnical engineering, which can be matched with the existing engineering investigation equipment and drilling process to carry out sampling of confined water in offshore engineering, meet sampling of groundwater in confined aquifers at different depths and overcome the defects of the prior art; accordingly, the invention also provides a method for sampling the confined water in the offshore geotechnical engineering.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a confined water sampling device for offshore geotechnical engineering, comprising:
a first protective tube;
the drill bit assembly is movably matched with the first end of the first protection pipe, a water inlet opening is formed in the drill bit assembly, the drill bit assembly moves relative to the first protection pipe, the first protection pipe moves along with the drill bit assembly and can open or close the water inlet opening in the drill bit assembly, when the water inlet opening in the drill bit assembly is opened, the inner cavity of the first protection pipe can be communicated with the outside through the water inlet opening, and when the water inlet opening in the drill bit assembly is closed, the drill bit assembly can block the first end of the first protection pipe;
the sampling assembly comprises a sampling cylinder body and a measuring unit, a sampling cavity is formed in the sampling cylinder body, a sampling through hole is formed in the cylinder wall of the cylinder body, and the measuring unit is arranged in the sampling cavity in the sampling cylinder body and is in data connection with external control equipment; the sampling cylinder body can be arranged in the first protective pipe and matched with the drill bit assembly, and the sampling cylinder body can drive the drill bit assembly to move relative to the first protective pipe under the external drive.
Further, the drill bit assembly comprises a drill bit portion, at least one water inlet opening is formed in the drill bit portion, and the water inlet opening is communicated with an inner cavity of the drill bit portion.
Further, the drill head is a toothed drill or a non-toothed drill.
Furthermore, a filter piece is arranged at the sampling through hole on the sampling cylinder body.
Further, the measuring unit mainly comprises a water level meter which is arranged in a sampling cavity in the sampling cylinder body.
Further, the sampling cylinder body is matched with the drill bit assembly through a limiting structure, the limiting structure comprises a first limiting tooth and a second limiting tooth which can be meshed with each other, the first limiting tooth is arranged at the bottom of the sampling cylinder body, and the second limiting tooth is correspondingly arranged in an inner cavity of the drill bit portion.
Further, the first protection pipe can drive the drill bit assembly to enter a confined aquifer when the inner cavity is kept in a water-free state.
Further, the confined water sampling device also comprises a second protective pipe, the first protective pipe can be arranged in the second protective pipe, the second protective pipe can be fixed on the seabed and enter a water-resisting layer, and a sampling operation area is formed in the inner cavity.
In order to achieve the aim, the confined water sampling method for the offshore geotechnical engineering provided by the invention comprises the following steps of:
a: putting the second protective pipe into a set water-resisting layer according to the requirement and then fixing;
b: pressing the first protective pipe provided with the drill bit assembly and the drill bit assembly into a confined aquifer to a certain depth;
c: placing the sampling assembly in the first protective pipe until the sampling assembly is in contact fit with the drill bit assembly;
d: the sampling assembly is driven to drive the drill bit assembly to move relative to the first protective pipe, a water inlet opening on the drill bit assembly is opened, so that pressure-bearing water enters a sampling cylinder body of the sampling assembly, and the height of the pressure-bearing water in the sampling cylinder body is measured in real time through the measuring unit; after the sample, promote the sampling subassembly, extract the pressure-bearing water sample in the sampling cylinder.
Further, the confined water sampling method further comprises a first protective pipe lifting step and a second protective pipe lifting step.
According to the offshore geotechnical engineering confined water sampling scheme provided by the invention, a protective pipe partition mode is adopted, seawater and water of a water-resisting layer with a certain thickness below a seabed are isolated from permeating into a sampling point, and pure confined water with different depths and high quality can be rapidly obtained. On the basis, the scheme is further provided with an outer protective pipe (namely a second protective pipe) for resisting the influence of sea conditions on sampling and further improving the reliability of the scheme in application.
Compared with the prior art, the confined water sampling scheme for offshore geotechnical engineering provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects in specific application:
(1) the scheme of the invention preferably adopts a drilling mode of an internal and external double-layer protection pipe, the external protection pipe is used for resisting the influence of offshore wind, wave, surge and tide on the operation, the internal protection pipe is used for isolating the drilling flushing fluid in the external protection pipe and preventing the groundwater in each aquifer and the water-resisting layer at the upper part of the target confined aquifer from permeating;
(2) according to the scheme of the invention, the inner protective pipe (namely the first protective pipe) is provided with two kinds of drill bits, and the drill bits are pressed in a rotating mode or directly, so that the inner protective pipe can conveniently penetrate through multilayer or complicated geological rock and soil layers, and the requirements of various projects are met.
(3) The scheme of the invention can quickly obtain the pure confined water with different depths, and is used for further judging the influence of deep underground water on the offshore engineering foundation.
Drawings
The invention is further described below in conjunction with the appended drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a main body of a confined water sampling device for offshore geotechnical engineering in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic external view of a main body of the confined water sampling device for offshore geotechnical engineering in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the sampling device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a sampling device and a drill according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic operation flow diagram of the confined water sampling device for offshore geotechnical engineering in the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
10 upper cylinder 11 through hole 12 sampling cylinder 13 concave tooth
14 drill bit 15 signal line 16 fixed mount 17 water level gauge
18 open slot 20 filter 21 convex tooth
30 outer protecting pipe 31 inner protecting pipe 32 drill pipe 33 water barrier
34 pressure-bearing water-containing 35 pressure-bearing water sample 36 diamond drill
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.
Description of terms:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "protection tube" should be interpreted broadly, and also can be understood as a casing, a drilling pipe, and the outer protection tube and the inner protection tube refer to the difference in the diameter size of the pipe, for example, the diameter of the outer protection tube is 146mm, the diameter of the inner protection tube is 108mm, and the specific pipe diameter is not limited thereto, and may be determined according to the actual requirement.
The terms "sea surface" and "sea" are understood to mean "surface" and "above water", and also to include the water areas of rivers, rivers and lakes.
The term "platform" refers to one of a ship-borne mobile survey platform or a lift-fixed survey platform or the like.
In the using method, the drilling machine is used for hoisting the pipes (the outer protecting pipe, the inner protecting pipe, the drill pipe and the sampling device below the drill pipe) into the sea or the soil layer; lift-refers to the rig lifting the pipe up onto the platform.
The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 and 2 show an example of a main body structure of a confined water sampling device for offshore geotechnical engineering according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As can be seen from the figure, the confined water sampling device for the offshore geotechnical engineering mainly comprises a sampling assembly and a drill bit assembly.
The sampling assembly in the embodiment mainly comprises an upper cylinder 10, a sampling cylinder 12, a water level gauge 17, a signal wire 15 and the like which are matched;
wherein, the upper cylinder 10 is connected with the top opening of the sampling cylinder 12 in a matching way in the sampling assembly, the upper cylinder 10 is also provided with a connecting thread, when in actual application, the upper cylinder can be screwed and connected with the internal thread of the drill pipe 32 through the thread, the length of the drill pipe 32 can be lengthened as required, and the drilling machine on the platform undertakes the up-and-down lifting of the whole sampling assembly (as shown in fig. 5).
It should be noted that, the specific structural form of the upper cylinder 10 is not limited herein, i.e. is not limited to the above-mentioned or the embodiment of the drawings, and can be determined according to actual requirements.
The middle part of the sampling component is provided with a sampling cylinder body 12, and a sampling cavity is formed inside the sampling cylinder body 12 and used for storing a water sample of the pressure-bearing water. The sampling cylinder 12 is preferably a cylinder structure with one closed end, the sampling cylinder 12 is provided with a plurality of through holes 11, and the confined water can flow into the sampling cylinder 12 from the through holes 11.
Further, in the present embodiment, a filter sheet 20 is correspondingly installed on each through hole 11, and the filter sheet 20 is used for preventing sandy soil particles in the confined aquifer 34 from flowing into the sampling cylinder 12, so as to ensure that the sampling device obtains a pure confined water sample.
Furthermore, this example is equipped with two dogteeth 21 in the bottom of sample barrel 12, and dogtooth 21 matches with last concave tooth 13 of drill bit, and the meshing is formed in the matching of two structures, can refer to fig. 4, so form detachable spacing drive structure, realize sample barrel 12 can drive the synchronous rotation of drill bit through this spacing drive structure. The structure is simple, and meanwhile, the structure is stable and reliable.
It should be noted that, in order to realize that the sampling cylinder 12 drives the drill bit to rotate, the two are not limited to the engaging structure of the male teeth 21 and the female teeth 13, which can be engaged with each other, and any other possible synchronous driving structure can be adopted.
With further reference to FIG. 3, an exemplary arrangement of mounting and internal structure in the sampling assembly of the present example is shown.
As can be seen from the figure, the sampling assembly in this example is provided with a water level gauge 17, a fixing frame 16 and a signal line 15 inside, thereby constituting a corresponding measuring unit.
To facilitate accurate measurements, the water level gauge 17 is preferably disposed in the sample cylinder 12 via the mounting bracket 16 in this example. Specifically, in this embodiment, the water level gauge 17 is mounted on the fixing frame 16, and then mounted on the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 12 through the fixing frame 16, and one end of the signal line 15 is connected to the water level gauge 17.
By way of example, in practice, the signal line 15 passes through the upper cylinder 10 of the sampling assembly and is distributed along the entire inside of the drill pipe 32 to the working platform, and the operator can observe the height of the pressurized water sample 35 (as shown in fig. 5) in the sampling cylinder 12 through a water level controller (not shown).
Referring to fig. 2, the drill bit assembly in this example is constructed in two types, a toothed bit 14 and a non-toothed bit 14.
Specifically, the lower cone of the drill bit 14 contacts with the soil body, and the drill bit 14 can be detachably connected and matched with the inner protection pipe 31 (i.e., the first protection pipe), so that the connection end of the inner protection pipe 31 is plugged by the drill bit 14, thereby isolating the inner cavity of the inner protection pipe 31 from the sea surface seawater and each water barrier 33 under the seabed (as shown in fig. 5), and forming a sampling channel in the inner cavity of the inner protection pipe 31.
Preferably, the outer side wall of the upper end of the drill bit 14 is provided with a thread, and the thread can be screwed with the thread of the inner sheath 31 (i.e. the first sheath) (see B in fig. 5), so that the inner sheath 31 can be detachably connected and water infiltration outside the inner sheath 31 can be blocked.
With further reference to fig. 4, an exemplary mating arrangement between the sampling assembly and the drill bit assembly in this example is shown. As can be seen, the upper end of the drill bit is threaded in this example, and a plurality of open slots 18 are provided in the threaded portion, through which slots 18 the flow of water from the confined aquifer 34 into the sample barrel 12 is facilitated.
In particular, these slots 18 are preferably elongated rectangular openings that open into the threaded portion in the axial direction of the drill 14, the length of the openings preferably being less than the axial extent of the threaded portion of the drill 14. A plurality of slots 18 are previously equally or unequally spaced along the circumference of the bit 14.
Meanwhile, the width, number and the like of the open slots 18 are not limited herein and can be determined according to actual requirements.
The drill bit 14 that so sets up is when carrying out the spiro union cooperation through the screw thread of its lateral wall and inner casing 31, after accomplishing the spiro union and screwing, inner casing 31 can cover the screw thread on the drill bit 14 upper end lateral wall completely, also cover a plurality of open slots 18 of seting up in the screw thread region completely then, the inner wall of inner casing 31 will cover all open slots 18 on the shut-off drill bit 14 completely this moment, thereby drill bit 14 plugs up the link of inner casing 31, thereby realize keeping apart inner casing 31 inner chamber and sea under the sea surface, each water barrier 33 water under the seabed (as shown in figure 5). On this basis, when the drill bit 14 rotates for inner sheath 31 and loosens, when withdrawing gradually from inner sheath 31, along with drill bit 14 rotates gradually and withdraws from inner sheath 31, open slot 18 on the drill bit 14 will break away from the inside cover of inner sheath 31 gradually, expose gradually and open, then, the open slot 18 that is in the open mode on the inner chamber accessible drill bit 14 of inner sheath 31 communicates with the outside, the inner chamber of inner sheath 31 is entered into with the open slot 18 of accessible open mode to the confined water around the drill bit 14, and the inner chamber of inner sheath 31 at this moment can regard as the sampling passageway, guide confined water to the inner chamber of sample barrel.
It should be noted that the connection fitting structure between the drill bit 14 and the inner sheath 31 may be any other feasible scheme, such as an axial dynamic sealing fitting structure, besides the above-mentioned screw fitting structure. As long as it is possible to realize that the drill bit 14 can move relative to the inner sheath 31 and move along with the drill bit, the inner sheath 31 can open or close the open slot 18 on the drill bit, when the open slot 18 on the drill bit is opened, the inner cavity of the inner sheath 31 can be communicated with the outside through the open slot 18, and when the open slot 18 on the drill bit is closed, the drill bit can block the connecting end of the inner sheath.
To accommodate the aforementioned sampling assembly, the present embodiment is provided with corresponding concave teeth 13 on the inside of the top end of the drill bit 14, and the concave teeth 13 are used to rotatably engage with the convex teeth 21 on the lower end of the sampling cylinder 12 to form a detachable limit driving structure.
Taking the scheme shown in fig. 4 as an example, two concave teeth 13 are arranged in the upper end of the drill bit in the example; the sampling cylinder 12 has two convex teeth 21 at the lower end, and the specific structure of the concave teeth 13 and the convex teeth 21 is not limited to the structure shown in fig. 4, and may be determined according to actual requirements, and is not limited herein as long as a stable meshing structure can be formed.
By providing two sets of concave teeth 13 and two sets of convex teeth 21, the whole structure is simple, so that a stable meshing structure can be quickly formed between the concave teeth 13 at the upper end of the drill bit and the convex teeth 21 on the sampling cylinder 12.
Under such a structure, through rotating the sampling cylinder 12, the convex teeth 21 and the concave teeth 13 are meshed to rotate, and then the drill bit 14 can be driven to synchronously rotate, so that the open slot 18 closed in the initial state of the drill bit (the thread on the drill bit is screwed with the inner protection pipe) is gradually exposed.
In addition, the drill bit 14 of this example may be implemented as either an un-toothed bit or a toothed bit. As shown in fig. 4, for a toothed bit finger: the diamond bit 36, the bit 14, the concave teeth 13 (a space formed between two convex blocks), the open groove 18 and the thread are processed into a whole; the non-toothed bit is such that there is no diamond bit 36 on the cone, both of which are identical in construction.
When the offshore geotechnical engineering confined water sampling device formed by the embodiment is implemented, the offshore geotechnical engineering confined water sampling device can be further matched with an outer protection pipe 30, the outer protection pipe 30 is arranged in the outer protection pipe 30, the outer protection pipe 30 can be fixed on a seabed and enters a water-resisting layer, so that a sampling operation area is formed in an inner cavity and can be used for resisting the influence of offshore wind, wave, surge and tide on operation
Furthermore, this coastal waters geotechnical engineering confined water sampling device can also be equipped with current engineering investigation (engineering investigation platform) cooperation, carries out the sampling of offshore engineering confined water fast.
Specifically, the sampling device in the offshore geotechnical engineering confined water sampling device is in threaded screwing connection with a drill pipe 32 on an engineering investigation platform through an upper barrel 10 on the sampling device, the drill pipe 32 is lengthened as required, and a drilling machine on the platform is used for bearing the vertical lifting of the sampling device.
The drill bit 14 is screwed to the inner protection pipe 31 in the offshore geotechnical engineering confined water sampling device, the inner protection pipe 31 is sealed through the drill bit 14, and the inner protection pipe 31 connected with the drill bit 14 drives the drill bit 14 to penetrate through the water barrier layer 33 and then enter the confined water-bearing layer 34 in the sampling operation area constructed by the outer casing. In addition. The rotary pressing of the toothed drill bit 14 (the diamond drill bit 36) can be selected according to requirements, and the rotary pressing of the non-toothed drill bit 14 (the cone tip directly contacts with the soil body) can also be selected according to requirements.
Thus, the drilling machine on the platform rotates the drill pipe 32, the drill pipe 32 drives the sampling cylinder 12 and the drill bit 14 to rotate, so that the drill bit 14 rotates relative to the inner protective pipe to rotate out; as the drill bit is gradually screwed out relative to the inner sheath, the open slot 18 on the drill bit is gradually exposed from the closed state, at the moment, the pressure-bearing water around the drill bit 14 can enter the inner cavity of the inner sheath 31 through the open slot 18 in the open state, and the inner cavity of the inner sheath 31 at the moment can be used as a sampling channel to guide the pressure-bearing water into the inner cavity of the sampling barrel.
The drill pipe 32 is further rotated to drive the upper thread pitch of the drill bit (moving downwards) of the inner protection pipe 31 (static) to be increased, the area of the open slot 18 is further increased, the water in the confined aquifer 34 is accelerated to flow into the inner protection pipe 31, and along with the rising of the water level in the inner protection pipe 31, the confined water flows into the sampling cylinder 12, the filter sheet 20 and the through hole 11 to the cylinder, so that the sampling of the confined water is completed.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic flow chart of the offshore geotechnical engineering confined water sampling operation performed by the offshore geotechnical engineering confined water sampling device in the present example is shown.
The following detailed description will be made of the steps of sampling the confined water of the offshore geotechnical engineering based on the embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the drawings and the structure of the above-mentioned confined water sampling device of the offshore geotechnical engineering:
pretreatment: referring first to fig. 3, it is required to install a water level gauge 17, connect the signal line 15 with a water level gauge control device (not shown), pour clean water into the sampling cylinder 12, observe the display reading on the control device, screw the upper cylinder 10 and the sampling cylinder 12 after the test is correct, and press the filter 20 at the through hole 11 of the sampling cylinder 12.
And (B) stage A: in the offshore exploration of a water area, a drilling machine on an operation platform lengthens an outer protecting pipe 30 as required, and after the outer protecting pipe 30 is placed in a set water-resisting layer 33, the outer protecting pipe 30 is fixed on a seabed;
and (B) stage: a drill bit is screwed on the lower end of the inner protection pipe 31, the inner protection pipe 31 is lengthened as required, the inner protection pipe 31 is directly pressed or rotationally pressed to a set confined aquifer 34 by a drilling machine on the operation platform, and the inner side of the inner protection pipe 31 is in a water-free state;
and C: the upper end of the sampling device is screwed with a drill pipe 32, the drill pipe 32 is lengthened as required, and then the drill pipe 32 is placed along the inner protection pipe 31 until the convex teeth 21 at the bottom of the sampling device at the lower end of the drill pipe 32 are contacted with the concave teeth of the inner cavity of the drill bit;
and stage D: rotating the drill pipe 32 to bring the sampling device bottom teeth 21 into engagement with the drill bit internal teeth 13 (see fig. 4 for details); the drill pipe 32 is continuously rotated, the inner protection pipe 31 and the drill bit rotate along with the threads (the inner protection pipe 31 is static, and the drill bit moves downwards for a certain distance), the open slot 18 in the closed state begins to be exposed, and the pressure-bearing water begins to enter the inner protection pipe 31; along with the rising of the water level of the inner wall of the inner protection pipe 31, an operator on the platform observes the change of the water level on the controller, when the pressure-bearing water sample 35 in the sampling cylinder 12 is full, the drilling machine on the platform is driven to lift the drill pipe 32, the sampling device is taken out, the upper cylinder 10 is disassembled, the pressure-bearing water in the sampling cylinder 12 is poured into a sample container, and then the sampling device is cleaned.
Based on the above stages, the present example can employ the following brief execution steps:
the sampling operation of the area is completed by the outer protection pipe A30 → the inner protection pipe B31 → the sampling device C → the rotary drill pipe D32, the pressure water sampling → the lifting sampling device, the inner protection pipe 31 and the outer protection pipe 30.
After the transition, A, B, C, D is repeated to obtain pressurized water samples 35 from other regions.
When the outer protective pipe 30 is lengthened, B, C, D is performed, and then the pressure-bearing water sample 35 of the deeper stratum is obtained.
In the implementation process, the outer protection pipe 30, the inner protection pipe 31 and the drill pipe 32 are lengthened to form the inner protection pipe and the outer protection pipe and the drill pipe 32 with fixed lengths, and the inner protection pipe and the outer protection pipe and the drill pipe 32 with the same specification are screwed with screw threads, for example: the water depth is 10m, the water barrier is 30m, and the confined aquifer is 10m, so that the inner protection pipe 31 needs to enter the confined aquifer 34 and needs to be lengthened to at least 50m (considering the distance between the sea surface and the platform), and the outer protection pipe 30 only needs to enter the water barrier 33 and is lengthened by about 40 m.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Offshore geotechnical engineering confined water sampling device, its characterized in that includes:
a first protective tube;
the drill bit assembly is movably matched with the first end of the first protection pipe, a water inlet opening is formed in the drill bit assembly, the drill bit assembly moves relative to the first protection pipe, the first protection pipe moves along with the drill bit assembly and can open or close the water inlet opening in the drill bit assembly, when the water inlet opening in the drill bit assembly is opened, the inner cavity of the first protection pipe can be communicated with the outside through the water inlet opening, and when the water inlet opening in the drill bit assembly is closed, the drill bit assembly can block the first end of the first protection pipe;
the sampling assembly comprises a sampling cylinder body and a measuring unit, a sampling cavity is formed in the sampling cylinder body, a sampling through hole is formed in the cylinder wall of the cylinder body, and the measuring unit is arranged in the sampling cavity in the sampling cylinder body and is in data connection with external control equipment; the sampling cylinder body can be arranged in the first protective pipe and matched with the drill bit assembly, and the sampling cylinder body can drive the drill bit assembly to move relative to the first protective pipe under the external drive.
2. The offshore geotechnical confined water sampling device of claim 1 wherein the drill bit assembly includes a bit portion having at least one water inlet opening formed therein, the water inlet opening communicating with an inner cavity of the bit portion.
3. The offshore geotechnical confined water sampling device of claim 2 wherein the bit portion is a toothed bit or a non-toothed bit.
4. The offshore geotechnical confined water sampling device according to claim 1, wherein a filter is provided at the sampling through hole of the sampling cylinder.
5. The offshore geotechnical confined water sampling device of claim 1 wherein the measuring unit primarily comprises a water level gauge disposed within a sampling cavity within the sampling cylinder.
6. The offshore geotechnical confined water sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the sampling cylinder is engaged with the drill bit assembly through a limiting structure, the limiting structure comprises a first limiting tooth and a second limiting tooth which are meshed with each other, the first limiting tooth is arranged at the bottom of the sampling cylinder, and the second limiting tooth is correspondingly arranged in the inner cavity of the drill bit head.
7. The offshore geotechnical confined water sampling device of claim 1 wherein the first protective tube is adapted to drive the drill bit assembly into the confined aquifer while the interior cavity remains free of water.
8. The offshore geotechnical confined water sampling device of claim 1 further comprising a second shroud, the second shroud having the first shroud positioned therein, the second shroud being securable to the sea floor and into the water barrier to form a sampling work area within the interior chamber.
9. The method for sampling confined water in offshore geotechnical engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a: putting the second protective pipe into a set water-resisting layer according to the requirement and then fixing;
b: pressing the first protective pipe provided with the drill bit assembly and the drill bit assembly into a confined aquifer to a certain depth;
c: placing the sampling assembly in the first protective pipe until the sampling assembly is in contact fit with the drill bit assembly;
d: the sampling assembly is driven to drive the drill bit assembly to move relative to the first protective pipe, a water inlet opening on the drill bit assembly is opened, so that pressure-bearing water enters a sampling cylinder body of the sampling assembly, and the height of the pressure-bearing water in the sampling cylinder body is measured in real time through the measuring unit; after the sample, promote the sampling subassembly, extract the pressure-bearing water sample in the sampling cylinder.
10. The offshore geotechnical confined water sampling method according to claim 9, wherein the confined water sampling method further comprises a first and second casing lifting step.
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