CN113606088A

CN113606088A - Wind-driven air energy conversion system

Info

Publication number: CN113606088A
Application number: CN202010416765.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李启飞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-05-05
Filing date: 2020-05-05
Publication date: 2021-11-05

Abstract

The wind-driven air energy conversion system drives an air compressor, a fan or a water ring vacuum pump and the like to generate air with certain pressure to impact a turbine or a gas turbine to rotate by a wind power driving system, so as to drive a generator to generate power or a magnetic coupling heating system to heat, so as to meet the power and heat requirements of human, and can drive the generator to generate power and the magnetic coupling heating system to heat simultaneously by power splitting. By using a high pressure air storage tank, energy can be stored in the form of compressed air for short-term or long-term (seasonal) peak shaving use. The energy conversion efficiency and power of the wind-driven air energy conversion system can be artificially controlled by using the high-pressure air storage tank, the shrinkage pipe, the gas turbine, the low-pressure air storage tank and the closed-loop gas circuit control system. The magnetic coupling heating system can use a magnetic coupling heating system with adjustable or non-adjustable maximum load, and the wind power driving system can use a vertical shaft or horizontal shaft wind power driving system.

Description

Wind-driven air energy conversion system

Technical Field

Magneto-thermal, wind power generation, wind energy utilization, heat supply and heating, new energy, energy conservation and emission reduction and ocean economy.

Background

The farther away from the coastline, the richer the wind energy on the sea surface, and the densely populated cities near the coastline, a huge market is found for exploiting and utilizing the wind energy near the offshore. At present, the development and utilization research of offshore wind energy generally focuses on power generation, and wind power generators which are closely related to the application of the invention have various forms.

The wind power generation is original purpose of the invention, because the wind power changes irregularly, the electricity abandonment phenomenon is serious, and how to stably convert energy and meet the requirements of human on electric energy, heat energy and the like. At present, China vigorously develops ocean energy to solve the future energy safety problem and reduce the damage of fossil energy to the environment, so that the invention is just right at the time.

The inventor has previously proposed the application of the magnetic retarder, the wind heater, the wave heater and the wave heater, which can be retrieved from the national intellectual property office of the people's republic of China for reference.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a solution of a wind-driven air energy conversion system aiming at the development and utilization of offshore wind energy, and the application of the invention can also be used for the development and utilization of wind energy on land.

The wind-driven air energy conversion system drives an air compressor, a fan or a water ring vacuum pump and the like to generate air with certain pressure to impact a turbine or a gas turbine to rotate by a wind power driving system, so as to drive a generator to generate power or a magnetic coupling heating system to heat, so as to meet the power and heat requirements of human, and can drive the generator to generate power and the magnetic coupling heating system to heat simultaneously by power splitting. By using a high pressure air storage tank, energy can be stored in the form of compressed air for short-term or long-term (seasonal) peak shaving use. The energy conversion efficiency and power of the wind-driven air energy conversion system can be artificially controlled by using the high-pressure air storage tank, the shrinkage pipe, the gas turbine, the low-pressure air storage tank and the closed-loop gas circuit control system.

The magnetic coupling heating system is divided into a magnetic coupling heating system with adjustable maximum load and a magnetic coupling heating system with non-adjustable maximum load, the magnetic coupling heating system consists of a rotor and a stator, one of the rotor and the stator is provided with a magnetic block, and the other one of the rotor and the stator is provided with an induction disc or an induction cylinder. The magnetic coupling heating system can be used for heating water, air or other heat storage media, thereby being used for heating, distilling, drying and the like.

According to the position difference of the magnetic coupling surface of the magnetic coupling heating system, the magnetic coupling heating system can be divided into a disc type magnetic coupling heating system, a cylinder type magnetic coupling heating system and a hybrid type magnetic coupling heating system. The magnetic coupling surface is a theoretical assumed neutral surface of mutual coupling of a relative rotating magnetic field and an induced magnetic field, the magnetic coupling surface is positioned between a magnetic block fixing disc assembly and an induction disc assembly or between a magnetic block fixing cylinder assembly and an induction cylinder assembly, the magnetic block fixing disc assembly or the magnetic block fixing cylinder assembly is used for generating the relative rotating magnetic field, the induction disc assembly or the induction cylinder assembly is used for generating the induced magnetic field, the relative rotating magnetic field and the induced magnetic field are mutually coupled for energy conversion, one of a rotor and a stator of the magnetic coupling heating system is provided with the magnetic block fixing disc assembly or the magnetic block fixing cylinder assembly, the other one is provided with the induction disc assembly or the induction cylinder assembly, and the mutual interaction of the rotor and the stator can be regarded as the mutual interaction of the relative rotating magnetic field and the induced magnetic field.

Drawings

Fig. 1 and 2 show two basic structural types of a wind-driven air energy conversion system, wherein a magnetic coupling heating system adopts a disc type maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1, a rotor of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 adopts a magnetic block fixing disc assembly 1-2, a stator adopts an induction disc assembly 1-1, and a gearbox is additionally arranged between the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 and a turbine 3, so that the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 works in an optimal rotating speed range and performs power splitting to generate electricity. The maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 of the wind-driven air energy conversion system shown in fig. 2 adopts a group of magnetic coupling surfaces, namely a matching combination of an induction disc assembly and a magnetic block fixed disc assembly. The adjustable magnetic coupling heating system with maximum load 1 of the wind-driven air energy conversion system shown in fig. 1 adopts two sets of magnetic coupling surfaces, an induction disc assembly 1-1 is arranged in a stator of the adjustable magnetic coupling heating system with maximum load 1, a heat load adjusting mechanism of the adjustable magnetic coupling heating system with maximum load adopts a motor to drive a pair of sliding lead screw assemblies, or two motors can respectively drive one sliding lead screw assembly, so that a magnetic block fixing disc assembly is combined into a whole. The extremely-large-load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 of the wind-driven air energy conversion system shown in fig. 1 and 2 can be used in series, i.e. more than two groups of magnetic coupling surfaces are used. In the figure, the reference numbers 1-6 are high-speed rotary conductive joints, the reference numbers 1-4 are sliding lead screw assemblies, the reference numbers 1-5 are motors, the reference number 3 is a turbine, and the reference number 5 is a contraction pipe. The wind power driving system 2 in the figures 1 and 2 adopts a vertical shaft wind power driving system, a gearbox is additionally arranged between a low-speed shaft 2-2 and a high-speed shaft 2-3, the low-speed shaft 2-2 and the high-speed shaft 2-3 are staggered shafts, transmission gears 2-5, 2-6, brake wheels 2-4 and the like can be integrated into the gearbox, the brake wheels 2-4 can be arranged on the low-speed shaft 2-2, the high-speed shaft 2-3 or other intermediate shafts, and a braking device matched with the brake wheels 2-4 can adopt a caliper brake, a belt brake or other types of brakes.

Fig. 3 shows one form of the wind-driven air energy conversion system for supplying heat, with water as the heating medium (with the addition of a holding water tank). Fig. 4 shows a form of the wind-driven air energy conversion system for heating, in which the heating medium is air (a protective cover is added), and turbulent fans 1-3 are added to accelerate heat dissipation. Wind driven air energy conversion systems of various types of construction may be used for independent or central heating.

Fig. 5 shows a configuration of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1, which is a variation of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1 of the wind driven air energy conversion system shown in fig. 1, and fig. 5 shows a configuration in which the induction disc assembly 1-1 is disposed in a rotor of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1.

Fig. 6 shows another structure type of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1, which is a variation of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1 of the wind driven air energy conversion system shown in fig. 2, in which fig. 6 adopts stator adjustment, 1-8 rotation-stopping sliding support cylinders, and the thermal load adjusting mechanism drives the sliding lead screw assembly to drive the stator to slide along the axial direction by a motor, so as to adjust the magnetic field coupling gap to change the thermal load of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system.

Fig. 7 shows a further type of construction of the very large load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1, which is a variant of the solution shown in fig. 6, the thermal load adjustment mechanism being driven manually and 1-9 being hand wheels. For the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system shown in fig. 7, the parts 1-4 can be removed, and then the magnetic block fixed disk assembly 1-2 is driven by a gear rack, or the magnetic field coupling gap is adjusted by a rocker-slider mechanism, wherein the magnetic block fixed disk assembly 1-2 is a slider in the rocker-slider mechanism.

The solution shown in fig. 8 is another structure type of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1, which is different from the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 in the solution shown in fig. 2 in that a drum type maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is adopted, and a magnetic coupling plane of the drum type maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is parallel to the axial direction of the central transmission shaft. The various structural forms of the drum type maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system are similar to the various structural forms of the disc type maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system, and only the positions of the magnetic coupling surfaces of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system are different. The drum type large load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system and the disc type large load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system can also be fused to form a hybrid large load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system, and the magnetic coupling surface of the hybrid large load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is arranged in the axial direction parallel to and perpendicular to the central transmission shaft of the large load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system. The induction disc or induction cylinder of the magnetic coupling heating system with adjustable maximum load can be arranged in the rotor or the stator.

Fig. 9 shows another type of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1, which is a variation of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1 of the wind driven air energy conversion system shown in fig. 2, and fig. 9 shows an arrangement in which the induction disc assembly 1-1 is disposed in the rotor of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1. The central transmission shaft of the large load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 in fig. 9 is additionally provided with brake wheels 1-11 to match with a braking device. The brake device may be a caliper brake, a band brake or other type of brake, which may be integrated into the gearbox.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic block fixing disc assembly of a magnetic coupling heating system of a wind-driven air energy conversion system, wherein permanent magnets with N poles and S poles are alternately arranged, and the magnetic pole direction is parallel to the axial direction. N pole permanent magnets and S pole permanent magnets in a magnetic block fixing cylinder assembly of a magnetic coupling heating system of the wind-driven air energy conversion system are also alternately arranged, but the magnetic pole direction of the N pole permanent magnets is perpendicular to the axial direction. The induction disc assembly of the magnetic coupling heating system of the wind-driven air energy conversion system at least comprises an induction disc and a shielding plate in principle, and when the two parts are made of the same material, the two parts can be directly integrated, and the thickness of the plate can be properly controlled.

Fig. 11 shows a thermal load adjusting mechanism for a very large load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system, in which a motor drives a plurality of sets of sliding lead screw assemblies 1-4 arranged circumferentially via gear transmission. The sliding screw assembly in the thermal load adjustment mechanism for the variable-extreme-load magnetically coupled heating system may be replaced with a ball screw assembly, a planetary roller screw assembly, or a grooved cam assembly.

Fig. 12 shows a ball screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism for a very large load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system, which converts a rotational motion into a linear motion using a ball screw assembly. Reference numerals 1-5 in the drawings are ball screw assemblies which may be replaced with planetary roller screw assemblies to form a planetary roller screw type thermal load adjustment mechanism.

Fig. 13 shows a grooved cam type thermal load adjustment mechanism for a very high load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system using a grooved cam assembly to convert rotational motion to linear motion. Reference numerals 1-6 in the drawings are groove cam assemblies.

Fig. 14, 15, 16 and 17 show a high-speed rotary joint special for electric speed regulation, which adopts a modular series structure, can be connected in series with any channel, the outer rotor of the high-speed rotary joint is still to be connected with an external power supply, and the inner rotor of the high-speed rotary joint is used for being connected with a driving motor of an electric heat load regulation mechanism. Sealing rings 1-70 and 1-71 at two ends can be made of materials such as tungsten carbide and graphite, electric insulating materials can be adopted for wire inlet and outlet parts 1-55, 1-57, 1-58, 1-74 and 1-75 in the middle, electric contact materials are adopted for 1-72, a combined structure that the electric insulating materials are embedded in the electric contact materials is adopted for 1-73, springs are adopted for 1-64 and used for balancing contact pressure, and guide pins 1-65 at the spring position play a guiding and limiting role on the springs and prevent the springs from failing under the action of centrifugal force during high-speed rotation. The special high-speed rotary joint for electric speed regulation can be used for replacing a high-speed rotary conductive joint, has better waterproof, dustproof and explosion-proof performances than a high-speed rotary conductive joint, but has a complex structure, difficult manufacture and poor economical efficiency.

Fig. 18 shows a high-speed rotating conductive joint, which adopts a modular structure, the number of slip rings is determined according to needs, three slip rings (six or any number) are shown in the figure, three wires are communicated, a middle ring 1-33, a protective layer 1-32, a protective layer 1-34, a protective layer 1-37 are made of electric insulating materials, 1-35 are electric brushes, 1-36 are slip rings (embedded in the protective layer 1-37), 1-38 are trimming springs (used for balancing contact pressure), 1-39 are wires, and 1-42 are bearings. In fig. 18, the slip ring is internally connected with a brush and externally connected with an external power supply. The high-speed rotary conductive joint uses the electric brush and the slip ring as dynamic contact, and can also reversely mount the electric brush and the slip ring, and the electric brush is internally connected with the slip ring and externally connected with an external power supply.

FIG. 19 shows an improvement over the wind driven air energy conversion system shown in FIG. 1, replacing the open atmosphere with an artificial atmosphere. In fig. 19, the artificial atmosphere is a low-pressure air storage tank, air with a certain pressure is stored in the artificial atmosphere, the high-pressure air storage tank, the contraction pipe 5, the low-pressure air storage tank, the air compressor and the air circuit control system form a closed system, and a working medium (as flowing air for driving the turbine) is driven by the air compressor to circularly flow and drive the turbine to do useful work. The artificial atmosphere environment is convenient for the pressure control of the whole system, so that the wind-driven air energy conversion system can stably and efficiently output high power. The artificial atmosphere environment can be adopted by various structural types of the wind-driven air energy conversion system.

Fig. 20, fig. 21, fig. 22 and fig. 23 are schematic diagrams showing several modified schemes of a wind-driven air energy conversion system, wherein only an air path control system is shown in the diagrams, and other components can refer to the scheme shown in fig. 1. The scheme shown in fig. 20 is the air path control system of the scheme shown in fig. 19, and the components such as the air compressor, the wind power driving system, the magnetic coupling heating system and the generator are omitted in the figure. The difference between the solution shown in fig. 21 and the solution shown in fig. 20 is that the turbine 3 is a steam turbine (the steam turbine is a device for generating power in a power plant and is driven by high-temperature and high-pressure steam, but is driven by compressed air here, so it can be also called a gas turbine, after all, the operating conditions of the two applications are different). Fig. 22 shows a schematic diagram of a parallel arrangement using multiple turbines and shrink tubes 5, which is a multi-effect parallel arrangement with stepwise changes in air pressure. Figure 23 shows a schematic diagram of a series arrangement using multiple gas turbines and shrink tubes 5, which is a multiple effect series arrangement with stepwise changes in air pressure. The check valves in fig. 20, 21, 22, 23 may also be replaced by remote control valves, the pressure data monitored in real time by the pressure sensor is used for closed-loop automatic control, the common remote control valves are electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, electro-hydraulic, etc., such as electric ball valves, electromagnetic valves, etc., the gas circuit control system shown in fig. 20, 21, 22, 23 is only simple, a plurality of high-pressure air storage tanks, low-pressure air storage tanks and control valves for pipelines can be added in specific applications, and the shape of the contraction pipe 5, the flow rate of the air compressor and the gas circuit control system are reasonably designed after analysis according to the wind power statistical data of specific application positions, so as to obtain the best effect. The air path control system in fig. 20, 21, 22, 23 is a closed loop air path control system, or an open loop air path control system may be used, which removes the low pressure air storage tank, directly uses the natural atmospheric environment, inhales air from the atmosphere, and directly exhausts air to the atmosphere after compressing and impacting the turbine.

FIGS. 24, 25 and 26 are schematic diagrams of several versions of a vertical axis wind turbine used in a wind driven system. The wind wheel blades of the vertical axis wind driving system shown in fig. 24 adopt Darrieus (Darrieus) type bent blades, the wind wheel blades of the vertical axis wind driving system shown in fig. 25 adopt Savonius (Savonius) type blades, the wind wheel blades of the vertical axis wind driving system shown in fig. 1 and 2 adopt Darrieus type straight blades, and the Darrieus type bent blades are variable in form and have various forms and can be flexibly selected. The darrieus type blades are lift type blades, the savonius type blades are resistance type blades, the lift type blades (commonly used wing blades include NACA wing type series, SERI wing type series, NREL wing type series, RIS phi wing type series, FFA-W wing type series and the like) and the resistance type blades (savonius type, wind cup type, turbine type, flat type, motor lass type and the like) are various in form, which cannot be listed, the blades in various forms can also be used in a mixed mode, and the wind wheel blade of the vertical axis wind driven system shown in fig. 26 is a combination used in a mixed mode.

Fig. 27, fig. 28, fig. 29, fig. 30 and fig. 31 are schematic diagrams showing several schemes of a magnetic coupling heating system with a non-adjustable maximum load adopted by a magnetic coupling heating system of a wind driven air energy conversion system. The stator of the magnetic coupling heating system 1 with non-adjustable maximum load shown in fig. 27, 28 and 29 adopts an induction disc assembly 1-1, and the rotor adopts a magnet block to fix the disc assembly 1-2. The magnetically coupled heating system shown in fig. 27 employs a set of magnetically coupled surfaces, i.e. a matching combination of the inductive disc assembly 1-1 and the magnetic block fixed disc assembly 1-2. The magnetically coupled heating system shown in fig. 28 employs two sets of magnetically coupled surfaces, but uses a matching combination of two induction disc assemblies 1-1 and two magnet block fixed disc assemblies 1-2. The magnetically coupled heating system shown in fig. 29 employs two sets of magnetically coupled surfaces, but uses a matching combination of two induction disc assemblies 1-1 and one magnetic block fixed disc assembly 1-2. Several basic forms of the very heavy load non-tunable magnetic coupling heating system 1 shown in fig. 27, 28, 29 can be used in series, i.e. using more than two sets of magnetic coupling surfaces. Fig. 30 shows another type of the structure of the maximum load non-adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1, which is a variation of the disk type maximum load non-adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1 shown in fig. 29, and fig. 30 shows a scheme in which the induction disk assembly 1-1 is disposed in the rotor of the magnetically coupled heating system 1. The solution shown in fig. 31 is another structure type of the large load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1, which is different from the magnetic coupling heating system 1 in the solution shown in fig. 27 in that a drum type large load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is adopted, and an induction drum 1-1 is placed in a rotor, and a magnetic coupling surface of the drum type large load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is parallel to the axial direction of a central transmission shaft. The various structural forms of the drum type maximum load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system are similar to the various structural forms of the disc type maximum load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system, and only the positions of the magnetic coupling surfaces of the magnetic coupling heating system are different. The disc type large load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system and the cylinder type large load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system can also be fused to form a hybrid large load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system, and the magnetic coupling surface of the hybrid large load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is arranged in the axial direction parallel to and perpendicular to the central transmission shaft of the magnetic coupling heating system. The induction disc or induction cylinder of the magnetic coupling heating system with the non-adjustable maximum load can be arranged in the rotor or the stator.

Fig. 32 and 33 are schematic diagrams showing a scheme of a horizontal-axis wind driving system used in a wind driving system of a wind driven air energy conversion system, wherein the intermediate shafts 2-12 and the high-speed shafts 2-3 of the scheme shown in fig. 33 are parallel shafts, and the intermediate shafts 2-12 and the high-speed shafts 2-3 of the scheme shown in fig. 32 are staggered shafts. The transmission gears 2-5, 2-6 and the brake wheels 2-4 etc. of the horizontal axis wind drive system shown in fig. 32 can be integrated into the gearbox. The gearbox of the horizontal axis wind drive system shown in fig. 32, 33 may also be placed on top and integrated with the gear wheels 2-13. The horizontal axis wind drive system shown in fig. 33 has the brake integrated into the gearbox, and the brake of the horizontal axis wind drive system can be placed on either the low speed shaft 2-2 or the high speed shaft 2-3 or on another intermediate shaft. The braking device may be a caliper brake, a band brake, or other types of brakes. Horizontal-axis wind power driving systems of various structures can also use no gearbox, only a speed increaser, a belt drive or a chain drive, and the like, and the purpose of using the gearbox is mainly to obtain the optimal working rotating speed. In the horizontal axis wind power driving system shown in fig. 32 and 33, in order to keep the wind turbine blades at a reasonable angle with the wind direction, a yaw system is added, the blades 2-1, the low speed shaft 2-2, the gears 2-13 and the like form a component assembly, the component assembly and the tower are connected together by virtue of a slewing bearing (also called a turntable bearing and a yaw bearing), and the yaw motor or the hydraulic motor is used for driving the tower to rotate through gear transmission according to a detection signal of the wind direction for adaptive adjustment. In addition, in order to obtain stable power output, a variable pitch system can be added, and the angle of the blade can be changed in real time. For a small horizontal shaft wind power driving system, a variable pitch system and a yaw system are not needed, and a simple tail wing (also called a yaw device) is directly utilized to be self-adaptively rotated and adjusted according to wind power.

Detailed Description

All the components and parts of the wind-driven air energy conversion system can be processed and manufactured by modern industrial manufacturing technology. The magnetic block, the bearing, the ball screw, the planetary roller screw, the motor, the control valve and the like can be produced by matching with professional manufacturers, and other parts can be machined, molded and welded.

For the wind-driven air energy conversion system to be successfully applied, the following conditions must be met: (1) power calibration-a complete test bench is established to complete the calibration of the serialized products. (2) Dynamic balance detection-the rotating part must meet the dynamic balance requirement specified by the relevant standard to achieve the necessary safety and reliability. (3) The control-wind driving air energy conversion system is convenient to use, the control system can be designed to be closed-loop control or open-loop control, and the closed-loop control system is convenient for remote automatic control. (4) Product design-a targeted design is made according to the wind resource statistical data of a specific application area. (5) Lightning protection-the wind driven system must be equipped with lightning protection devices to prevent lightning damage.

The wind-driven air energy conversion system can be used for development and utilization of offshore wind energy resources and also can be used for development and utilization of onshore wind energy resources. When the wind-driven air energy conversion system is used for development and utilization of offshore wind energy resources, a high-pressure air storage tank, a contraction pipe, a magnetic coupling heating system, a generator and the like can be arranged near the coast, compressed air is conveyed into the high-pressure air storage tank through a pressure pipeline, and the pressure pipeline can be arranged on the sea bottom or moored on the sea surface. The use schemes of the wind-driven air energy conversion system include the following: (1) the design is planned together with the breakwater based on the continental coastline. (2) And planning and designing together with the sea island breakwater based on the sea island shoreline. (3) And planning and designing based on the oil drilling platform. (4) The power supply device is independently designed and fixed or moored in seawater, and can supply power to land by laying submarine cables for power transmission. (5) The air energy conversion system is combined with a ship to form a movable wind-driven air energy conversion system, and the produced high-pressure compressed air is conveyed to the land for use by an impact turbine (container type transportation, high-pressure air storage tank is transported by the ship).

The wind power driving system of the wind-driven air energy conversion system can drive equipment such as an air compressor, a fan or a water ring vacuum pump and the like to produce compressed air, and when the closed-loop air path control system is used, the low-pressure air storage tank can form a certain vacuum degree, so that the energy conversion efficiency and the power of the wind-driven air energy conversion system are improved. In addition, when the wind-driven air energy conversion system is used for the development and utilization of offshore wind energy, the closed-loop gas path control system is beneficial to reducing the corrosion of equipment parts, because the corrosiveness of wet air on the sea surface is stronger than that on the land.

Claims

1. The technical scheme of the wind-driven air energy conversion system is characterized in that the wind-driven air energy conversion system drives an air compressor, a fan or a water ring vacuum pump and the like to generate air with certain pressure to impact a turbine or a gas turbine to rotate by a wind power driving system, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity or the magnetic coupling heating system to heat so as to meet the requirements of electricity and heat for human beings, and by power splitting, can simultaneously drive a generator to generate electricity and a magnetic coupling heating system to heat, and by using a high-pressure air storage tank, can store energy in the form of compressed air to perform short-term or long-term (seasonal) energy storage peak shaving use, by using the high-pressure air storage tank, the shrinkage pipe, the gas turbine, the low-pressure air storage tank and the gas path control system, the energy conversion efficiency and power of the wind-driven air energy conversion system can be artificially controlled, and the air path control system can adopt an open-loop air path control system or a closed-loop air path control system.

2. The wind-driven air energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the wind-driven system is a vertical axis wind-driven system and a horizontal axis wind-driven system, the rotation plane of the wind wheel of the vertical axis wind-driven system is parallel to the rotation axis of the wind wheel, the blades of the wind wheel of the vertical axis wind-driven system can be lift-type blades or drag-type blades, the wind wheel of the vertical axis wind-driven system is commonly used in Darrieus-type wind wheel, Savonius-type wind wheel, cup-type wind wheel, turbine-type wind wheel, etc., the rotation plane of the wind wheel of the horizontal axis wind-driven system is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the wind wheel, in order to keep the wind-wheel blades of the horizontal axis wind-driven system at a reasonable angle with the wind direction, a yaw system is added, and in addition, in order to obtain stable power output of the horizontal axis wind-driven system, a pitch system can be added, the angle of the blade can be changed in real time, a small horizontal axis wind power driving system does not need a variable pitch system and a yaw system, a simple tail wing (also called a yaw device) is directly utilized to be self-adaptively rotated and adjusted by wind power, a vertical axis wind power driving system and a horizontal axis wind power driving system generate mechanical energy by wind power, in order to obtain the optimal output working rotating speed, the wind power driving system can be additionally provided with a power transmission speed changing system, such as a gearbox and a speed increaser, a braking device of the wind power driving system can be arranged on a low-speed shaft, a high-speed shaft or other intermediate shafts, and the braking device can be in various forms such as a caliper brake, a belt brake and the like.

3. The wind-driven air energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the turbine is used to convert the air energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy, the turbine is commonly used to have a symmetrical wing turbine, an impulse turbine and a reaction turbine, the wind-driven air energy conversion system can use a steam turbine, the steam turbine is a device used in the power generation of the existing power plant and is driven by high-temperature and high-pressure steam, but the wind-driven air energy conversion system is driven by the compressed air, so the wind-driven air energy conversion system can be named as a steam turbine, the working conditions of the two applications are different, a scheme of parallel connection or series connection of a plurality of turbines (or steam turbines) and contraction pipes in matching combination can be adopted, a scheme of multiple-effect series connection or multiple-effect parallel connection can be adopted, the multiple-effect series connection and the multiple-effect parallel connection schemes are that the air discharged by the previous turbine (or steam turbine) flows as the inlet air of the next turbine (or the steam turbine), and the pressure is changed step by step, the multiple-effect series connection and multiple-effect parallel connection scheme is suitable for an artificial atmospheric environment, so that the wind-driven air energy conversion system can stably and efficiently output high power, and the artificial atmospheric environment is a low-pressure air storage tank and stores air with certain pressure inside.

4. The wind-driven air energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the air path control system is used, the air path control system can connect the air compressor (or the blower or the water ring vacuum pump, etc.), the high-pressure air storage tank, the contraction pipe, the low-pressure air storage tank, etc. to form a closed loop air path control system, and can also connect the air compressor (or the blower or the water ring vacuum pump, etc.), the high-pressure air storage tank, the contraction pipe, etc. to form an open loop air path control system, the air compressor (or the blower or the water ring vacuum pump, etc.) of the open loop air path control system directly sucks air from the atmosphere, and directly exhausts the air after being compressed and impacting the turbine (or the gas turbine) to work, and the closed loop air path control system adopts the low-pressure air storage tank as an artificial atmosphere environment, and the low-pressure air storage tank stores air with a certain pressure, the artificial atmosphere environment is used for replacing an open atmosphere environment, so that a working medium (as flowing air for driving a turbine) forms an independent system, the pressure control of the whole system is facilitated, the air circuit control system can flexibly select control valves such as a one-way valve, an electric ball valve, an electromagnetic valve and a pressure regulating valve according to the actual situation of specific application, the pressure data monitored by a pressure sensor in real time is used for closed-loop automatic control, and common remote control valve types comprise electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, electro-hydraulic and the like.

5. The wind-driven air energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic coupling heating system is used, the magnetic coupling heating system has a relative rotating magnetic field and an induced magnetic field during operation, the relative rotating magnetic field is generated by the N-pole magnetic blocks and the S-pole magnetic blocks alternately arranged on the rotor or the stator, the induced magnetic field is generated by induced current generated in an induction disc or an induction cylinder on the stator or the rotor, the induction disc or the induction cylinder adopts a conductor plate or a conductor cylinder with excellent electrical conductivity, the magnetic coupling heating system has mutual coupling effect of the relative rotating magnetic field and the induced magnetic field during operation, the magnetic coupling surface is a theoretical assumed neutral surface of the mutual coupling of the relative rotating magnetic field and the induced magnetic field, the magnetic coupling surface is located between the magnetic blocks and the induction disc or between the magnetic blocks and the induction cylinder, and the magnetic coupling surface of the magnetic coupling heating system is perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor, the magnetic coupling surface of the cylinder type magnetic coupling heating system is parallel to the central axis of the rotor, the magnetic coupling surface of the hybrid magnetic coupling heating system is simultaneously arranged in the directions parallel to and perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor, and the magnetic coupling heating system can adopt one group of magnetic coupling surfaces or a plurality of groups of magnetic coupling surfaces to be connected in series.

6. The wind-driven air energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic coupling heating system is a large-load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system or a large-load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system, the large-load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is composed of a stator and a rotor, one of the stator and the rotor is provided with an induction disc or an induction cylinder, the other is provided with a magnetic block fixing disc or a magnetic block fixing cylinder, the rotor and the stator generate magnetic coupling to realize energy conversion, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, the large-load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is different from the large-load non-adjustable magnetic coupling heating system in that a thermal load adjusting mechanism is added, and the thermal load adjusting mechanism achieves the purpose of changing the thermal load of the large-load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system by adjusting a magnetic field coupling gap or a magnetic field coupling area, the plurality of groups of magnetic coupling surfaces can be simultaneously adjusted by one group of thermal load adjusting mechanisms under the condition that the torque of the driving motor of the thermal load adjusting mechanism allows.

7. The wind-driven air energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system is used, the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system adjusts its thermal load using a thermal load adjusting mechanism, the thermal load adjusting mechanism may use a ball screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism or a planetary roller screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism or a sliding screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism or a grooved cam type thermal load adjusting mechanism, the ball screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism operates in such a manner that the thermal load adjusting mechanism converts a rotational motion into a linear motion by a ball screw assembly, thereby adjusting a magnetic field coupling gap or a magnetic field coupling area for the purpose of changing the thermal load of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system, the planetary roller assembly is used instead of the ball screw assembly in the ball screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism to form the planetary roller screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism, the sliding screw type heat load adjusting mechanism is formed by using the sliding screw assembly instead of the ball screw assembly in the ball screw type heat load adjusting mechanism, and the grooved cam type heat load adjusting mechanism is formed by using the grooved cam assembly instead of the ball screw assembly in the ball screw type heat load adjusting mechanism.

8. The wind-driven air energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is used, the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system adjusts the heat load thereof by using a heat load adjusting mechanism, the heat load adjusting mechanism can use a rack-and-pinion type heat load adjusting mechanism, a gear is driven by a manual or electric drive gear to drive a rack, and a stator of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is driven to move linearly, so that the magnetic field coupling gap or the magnetic field coupling area is adjusted to achieve the purpose of changing the heat load of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system.

9. The wind-driven air energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is used, the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system adjusts the thermal load thereof by using a thermal load adjusting mechanism, the thermal load adjusting mechanism can be a rocker slider type thermal load adjusting mechanism, the stator of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is a slider in the thermal load adjusting mechanism, the rocker is driven manually or electrically, and the stator of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is driven by a connecting rod to move linearly, so that the magnetic field coupling gap or the magnetic field coupling area is adjusted to achieve the purpose of changing the thermal load of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system.

10. The wind-driven air energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the heating system is a magnetic coupling heating system with adjustable maximum load, the heating system with adjustable maximum load can use a high-speed rotary conductive joint or a high-speed rotary joint for electric speed regulation, the high-speed rotary conductive joint uses a brush and a slip ring as dynamic contacts, the slip ring is connected with the brush internally and connected with an external power supply, the brush is connected with a wire led out from the motor, the slip ring is embedded in an insulating material to form a static part, or the brush and the slip ring are reversely mounted, the brush is connected with the slip ring internally and connected with an external power supply, the slip ring is connected with the wire led out from the motor, the high-speed rotary joint for electric speed regulation consists of an inner rotor and an outer rotor, the outer rotor is static and is used for connecting with the external power supply, the inner rotor rotates at high speed, and the current paths of the inner rotor and the outer rotor are based on the principle of electric contact theory, the special high-speed rotary joint for electric speed regulation has the advantages of good sealing performance, better waterproof, dustproof and explosion-proof performance than the high-speed rotary joint, complex structure, difficult manufacture and poor economy.