CN113494411A - Oscillating water column type extra-high load adjustable wave heater - Google Patents

Oscillating water column type extra-high load adjustable wave heater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113494411A
CN113494411A CN202010253509.2A CN202010253509A CN113494411A CN 113494411 A CN113494411 A CN 113494411A CN 202010253509 A CN202010253509 A CN 202010253509A CN 113494411 A CN113494411 A CN 113494411A
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maximum load
magnetic coupling
water column
column type
load adjustable
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李启飞
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/141—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector
    • F03B13/142—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector which creates an oscillating water column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/181—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation
    • F03B13/182—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation with a to-and-fro movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/02—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the asynchronous induction type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/102—Magnetic gearings, i.e. assembly of gears, linear or rotary, by which motion is magnetically transferred without physical contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/104—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater comprises a maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system and an oscillating water column type wave energy driving system, and in order to enable the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system to work in an optimal rotating speed range, a power transmission speed change system can be additionally arranged in the wave energy driving system. The magnetic coupling heating system with adjustable maximum load is composed of a rotor and a stator, wherein one of the rotor and the stator is provided with a magnetic block, the other one of the rotor and the stator is provided with an induction disc or an induction cylinder, the magnetic coupling generated by the rotor and the stator is utilized to realize energy conversion, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, and the mechanical energy is generated by driving a turbine by air in a compression air chamber when waves are in a top-lying state or by driving the turbine by air sucked when the waves are in a bottom-lying state. The oscillating water column type extremely-large load adjustable wave heater can be used for heating water, air or other heat storage media, can form a wave energy water heater by being matched with a heat-insulating water tank, and can directly heat indoors by replacing the heating media of the wave energy water heater with air to form a wave energy heater.

Description

Oscillating water column type extra-high load adjustable wave heater
Technical Field
Magneto-thermal energy, wave energy utilization, heat supply, new energy, energy conservation, emission reduction and marine economy.
Background
Wave energy is abundant in the ocean, and cities near a coastline are densely populated, so that a huge market is found for developing and utilizing the wave energy. At present, the development and utilization research of wave energy generally focuses on power generation, and the wave energy power generation device which is closely related to the invention is an oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device.
The development of the magnetic coupling technology enables energy conversion to be simple and efficient, and the oscillating water column type extremely-heavy-load adjustable wave heater just utilizes the combination of the magnetic coupling technology and the oscillating water column type wave energy conversion device to convert wave energy into heat energy.
The inventor previously proposed an invention application of a magnetic retarder and a very-large-load adjustable magnetic retarder, which can be retrieved from the national intellectual property office of the people's republic of China for reference.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a solution of an oscillating water column type extremely-heavy-load adjustable wave heater aiming at the development and utilization of wave energy.
The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater comprises a maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system and an oscillating water column type wave energy driving system, and in order to enable the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system to work in an optimal rotating speed range, the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system can be additionally provided with a power transmission speed change system. The magnetic coupling heating system with adjustable maximum load is composed of a rotor and a stator, wherein one of the rotor and the stator is provided with a magnetic block, the other one of the rotor and the stator is provided with an induction disc or an induction cylinder, the magnetic coupling generated by the rotor and the stator is utilized to realize energy conversion, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, and the mechanical energy is generated by driving a turbine by air in a compression air chamber when waves are in a top-lying state or by driving the turbine by air sucked when the waves are in a bottom-lying state. The oscillating water column type heavy load adjustable wave heater can be used for heating water, air or other heat storage media, thereby being used for heating.
According to the position difference of the magnetic coupling surface of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system, the oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater can be divided into a disc type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater, a cylinder type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater and a mixed type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater.
The magnetic coupling surface is a theoretical assumed neutral surface of mutual coupling of a relative rotating magnetic field and an induced magnetic field, the magnetic coupling surface is positioned between a magnetic block fixing disc component and an induction disc component or between a magnetic block fixing cylinder component and an induction cylinder component, the magnetic block fixing disc component or the magnetic block fixing cylinder component is used for generating the relative rotating magnetic field, the induction disc component or the induction cylinder component is used for generating the induced magnetic field, the relative rotating magnetic field and the induced magnetic field are mutually coupled for energy conversion, one of a rotor and a stator of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system of the oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater is provided with the magnetic block fixing disc component or the magnetic block fixing cylinder component, the other one is provided with the induction disc component or the induction cylinder component, and the mutual interaction of the rotor and the stator can be regarded as the mutual interaction of the relative rotating magnetic field and the induced magnetic field.
Drawings
Fig. 1 and 2 show two basic structural types of a disc type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater, wherein a rotor of a maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 adopts a magnetic block fixing disc assembly 1-2, a stator adopts an induction disc assembly 1-1, and an oscillating water column type wave energy driving system 2 is additionally provided with a gearbox. The maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system of the disc type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater shown in fig. 2 adopts a group of magnetic coupling surfaces, namely a matching combination of an induction disc assembly and a magnetic block fixed disc assembly. The large load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system of the disc type oscillating water column type large load adjustable wave heater shown in fig. 1 adopts two groups of magnetic coupling surfaces, an induction disc assembly 1-1 is arranged in a stator of the large load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1, a heat load adjusting mechanism of the large load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system adopts a motor to drive a pair of sliding lead screw assemblies, or two motors can respectively drive one sliding lead screw assembly, so that a magnetic block fixing disc assembly is combined into a whole. The maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system of the disc type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater shown in fig. 1 and 2 can be used in series, namely more than two groups of magnetic coupling surfaces are used. In the figure, reference numerals 1-6 are high-speed rotary conductive joints, reference numerals 1-4 are sliding lead screw assemblies, reference numerals 1-5 are motors, reference numeral 2-1 is a high-speed shaft of a gearbox, reference numeral 2-2 is a turbine, reference numeral 2-3 is a contraction pipe, and reference numerals 2-4 are air chambers. The air chamber 2-4 and the wave form a closed space, the opening of the air chamber is connected with the contraction pipe 2-3, and the shapes of the air chamber and the contraction pipe are reasonably designed after flow field analysis is carried out according to the sea state statistical data of specific application positions so as to obtain the best effect. The oscillating water column type wave energy driving system 2 of the disc type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater shown in fig. 1 and 2 uses a gearbox, and the purpose is mainly to enable the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 to be in an optimal rotating speed range. The oscillating water column type wave energy driving system 2 of the oscillating water column type extremely-large-load adjustable wave heater with various structural forms can also use no gearbox or a speed increaser, but the actual sea conditions are variable, and the gearbox is most reliable and effective.
The disc type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater shown in fig. 3 is a modification of the disc type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater shown in fig. 1, a belt transmission or a chain transmission is added to an oscillating water column type wave energy driving system, belt wheels or chain wheels are used as 2-7 and 2-9, and a transmission belt or a transmission chain is used as 2-8.
Fig. 4 shows one form of the disc oscillating water column type heavy load adjustable wave heater for supplying heat, and the heating medium is water. Fig. 5 shows a form of a disc-type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable heat radiator for heating, wherein the heating medium is air, and turbulent fans 1-3 are additionally arranged in the figure to accelerate heat dissipation. The oscillating water column type large-load adjustable wave heater with various structural types can be used for heating, and can form devices such as a wave energy water heater (added with a heat preservation water tank) or a wave energy heater (added with a protective cover) and the like, and the devices are used for independent or centralized heating.
Fig. 6 shows a configuration of a maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1, which is a variation of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1 of the disk oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater shown in fig. 1, and fig. 6 shows a configuration in which the induction disk assembly 1-1 is disposed in a rotor of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1.
Fig. 7 shows another structure type of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1, which is a variation of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1 of the disc oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater shown in fig. 2, in which fig. 7 adopts stator adjustment, 1-8 rotation-stop sliding support cylinders, and the thermal load adjusting mechanism drives the sliding lead screw assembly to drive the stator to slide axially by a motor, so as to adjust the magnetic field coupling gap to change the thermal load of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system.
Fig. 8 shows a further type of construction of the very large load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1, which is a variant of the solution shown in fig. 7, the thermal load adjustment mechanism being driven manually and 1-9 being hand wheels. For the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system shown in fig. 8, parts 1-4 can be removed, and then a rack and pinion is used for driving the magnetic block fixed disk assembly 1-2, or a rocker slider mechanism is used for adjusting the magnetic field coupling gap, wherein the magnetic block fixed disk assembly 1-2 is a slider in the rocker slider mechanism.
The solution shown in fig. 9 is another structure type of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1, which is different from the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 in the solution shown in fig. 2 in that a drum type maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is adopted, and a magnetic coupling plane of the drum type maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is parallel to the axial direction of the central transmission shaft. The various structural forms of the drum-type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater are similar to the various structural forms of the disc-type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater, and only the positions of the magnetic coupling surfaces of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system are different. The disc type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater and the cylinder type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater can also be fused to form a mixed oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater, and the magnetic coupling surface of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system of the mixed oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater is arranged in the axial direction parallel to and perpendicular to the central transmission shaft of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system. The induction disc or induction cylinder of the magnetic coupling heating system with adjustable maximum load can be arranged in the rotor or the stator.
Fig. 10 shows another configuration of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1, which is a variation of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1 of the disk oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater shown in fig. 2, and fig. 10 shows a configuration in which the induction disk assembly 1-1 is disposed in the rotor of the maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system 1. The central transmission shaft of the large load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system 1 in fig. 10 is additionally provided with brake wheels 2-11 to match with a braking device. The braking device may be a caliper brake, a band brake, or other types of brakes. The braking device can also be arranged on the low-speed shaft or the high-speed shaft 2-1 of the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system or on other intermediate shafts, and the braking device is integrally integrated into the gearbox.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic block fixing disc assembly of a magnetic block coupling heating system with adjustable maximum load of a disc type oscillating water column type heat dissipater with adjustable maximum load, wherein permanent magnets with N poles and S poles are alternately arranged, and the magnetic pole direction is parallel to the axial direction. N pole permanent magnets and S pole permanent magnets in a magnetic block fixing cylinder assembly of the magnetic coupling heating system with adjustable maximum load of the cylindrical oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater are alternately arranged, but the magnetic pole direction of the N pole permanent magnets is perpendicular to the axial direction. The induction disc assembly of the magnetic coupling heating system with adjustable maximum load of the oscillating water column type heat dissipater with adjustable maximum load at least comprises an induction disc and a shielding plate in principle, and when the two parts are made of the same material, the two parts can be directly integrated into a whole, and the thickness of the plate can be properly controlled.
Fig. 12 shows a thermal load adjusting mechanism for a maximum load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system, in which a motor drives a plurality of sets of sliding lead screw assemblies 1-4 arranged circumferentially via a gear transmission. The sliding screw assembly in the thermal load adjustment mechanism for the variable-extreme-load magnetically coupled heating system may be replaced with a ball screw assembly, a planetary roller screw assembly, or a grooved cam assembly.
Fig. 13 shows a ball screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism for a very large load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system, using a ball screw assembly to convert rotational motion into linear motion. Reference numerals 1-5 in the drawings are ball screw assemblies which may be replaced with planetary roller screw assemblies to form a planetary roller screw type thermal load adjustment mechanism.
Fig. 14 shows a grooved cam type thermal load adjustment mechanism for a very high load adjustable magnetically coupled heating system using a grooved cam assembly to convert rotational motion to linear motion. Reference numerals 1-6 in the drawings are groove cam assemblies.
Fig. 15, 16, 17 and 18 show a high-speed rotary joint dedicated for electric speed regulation, which adopts a modular series structure, can be connected in series with any channel, the outer rotor of the high-speed rotary joint is stationary to be connected with an external power supply, and the inner rotor of the high-speed rotary joint is used for being connected with a driving motor of an electric heat load regulation mechanism. Sealing rings 1-70 and 1-71 at two ends can be made of materials such as tungsten carbide and graphite, electric insulating materials can be adopted for wire inlet and outlet parts 1-55, 1-57, 1-58, 1-74 and 1-75 in the middle, electric contact materials are adopted for 1-72, a combined structure that the electric insulating materials are embedded in the electric contact materials is adopted for 1-73, springs are adopted for 1-64 and used for balancing contact pressure, and guide pins 1-65 at the spring position play a guiding and limiting role on the springs and prevent the springs from failing under the action of centrifugal force during high-speed rotation. The special high-speed rotary joint for electric speed regulation can be used for replacing a high-speed rotary conductive joint, has better waterproof, dustproof and explosion-proof performances than a high-speed rotary conductive joint, but has a complex structure, difficult manufacture and poor economical efficiency.
Fig. 19 shows a high-speed rotating conductive joint, which adopts a modular structure, the number of slip rings is determined according to needs, three slip rings (six or any number) are shown in the figure, three wires are communicated, a middle ring 1-33, a protective layer 1-32, a protective layer 1-34, a protective layer 1-37 are made of electric insulating materials, 1-35 are electric brushes, 1-36 are slip rings (embedded in the protective layer 1-37), 1-38 are trimming springs (used for balancing contact pressure), 1-39 are wires, and 1-42 are bearings. In fig. 19, the slip ring is internally connected with a brush and externally connected with an external power supply. The high-speed rotary conductive joint uses the electric brush and the slip ring as dynamic contact, and can also reversely mount the electric brush and the slip ring, and the electric brush is internally connected with the slip ring and externally connected with an external power supply.
Fig. 20, 21 and 22 show an improved scheme of an oscillating water column type wave energy driving system, wherein an air chamber 2-4 is connected with a contraction pipe 2-3 through a pipeline, control valves are arranged at an air chamber exhaust port, an air chamber suction port, an atmosphere exhaust port and an atmosphere suction port, and a check valve is adopted in the scheme, and the valves are adaptively opened or closed by sensing the change of air pressure, so that air continuously flows through a turbine 2-2 to drive the turbine to rotate. Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system when waves rise, air in an air chamber is compressed, when the air pressure p1 of the air chamber is greater than the air pressure p2 of the front end of a turbine, a check valve of an air outlet of the air chamber is opened, the compressed air in the air chamber flows through the turbine to do useful work, at the moment, the check valve of an air inlet of the air chamber is closed because the air pressure p3 of the rear end of the turbine is less than the air pressure p1 of the air chamber, but the air pressure p3 of the rear end of the turbine is greater than the atmospheric pressure p0, the check valve of an atmospheric air outlet is opened, and the compressed air flowing through the turbine is discharged into the atmosphere. Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system during wave descent, when the wave descends, the air in the air chamber expands, the air pressure p1 in the air chamber decreases, when the air pressure p1 in the air chamber is smaller than the air pressure p2 at the front end of the turbine, the check valve at the air outlet of the air chamber is closed, when the air pressure p3 at the rear end of the turbine is larger than the air pressure p1 in the air chamber, the check valve at the air inlet of the air chamber opens, at this time, the air pressure p3 at the rear end of the turbine and the air pressure p at the front end of the turbine are both smaller than the atmospheric pressure p0, so the check valve at the air outlet is closed, the check valve at the atmospheric inlet is opened, and the atmosphere is sucked and flows through the turbine to do useful work. Through the reasonable design runner, the gas pressure of control business turn over turbine can make the turbine operate steadily high-efficiently. The check valves in fig. 20, 21 and 22 may also be replaced by remote control valves, which perform closed-loop automatic control through pressure data monitored by pressure sensors in real time, and the common remote control valves are electric, hydraulic, pneumatic and electro-hydraulic, such as electric ball valves and electromagnetic valves.
Fig. 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27 show a further modification of the oscillating water column wave energy drive system. The principle of the solution shown in fig. 23 is the same as that shown in fig. 20, except that the turbine 2-2 is a steam turbine (the steam turbine is a device for generating power in a power plant and is driven by high-temperature and high-pressure steam, but is driven by compressed air, so the steam turbine can be named as a steam turbine, and the working conditions of the two applications are different). Figure 24 shows a schematic diagram of a parallel arrangement using a plurality of turbines and shrink tubes 2-3. Figure 25 shows a schematic of a tandem arrangement using multiple turbines and shrink tubes 2-3. Fig. 26 is a schematic diagram of another series arrangement using multiple turbines and shrink tubes 2-3, which is a multi-effect series arrangement with stepwise changes in air pressure. Fig. 27 shows a schematic diagram of another parallel scheme using multiple turbines and shrink tubes 2-3, which is a multi-effect parallel with stepwise changes in air pressure. The check valves in fig. 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27 may be replaced by remote control valves, which perform closed-loop automatic control according to pressure data monitored by a pressure sensor in real time, and the common remote control valves are electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, electro-hydraulic, and the like, such as electric ball valves, electromagnetic valves, and the like.
Figure 28 shows a modification of the arrangement of figure 26 in which an artificial atmosphere is used instead of an open atmosphere. The artificial atmosphere is a compressed air storage tank which stores compressed air with certain pressure. The scheme shown in fig. 28 enables the working medium (as flowing air for driving the turbine) to form an independent system, so that the pressure control of the whole system is facilitated, and the oscillating water column type extremely-load adjustable wave heater can stably and efficiently output high power. The artificial atmosphere environment can be adopted by various structural types of the oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater.
Fig. 29 shows a modified version of the oscillating water column type wave energy drive system, in which guide posts and movable sealing plates are additionally arranged in the air chambers 2-4, and the movable sealing plates move up and down along the guide posts under the action of waves, so that the air in the air chambers can obtain necessary pressure, and the pressure loss caused by the cavitation effect can be reduced.
Fig. 30 shows a simple modified version of the oscillating water column type wave energy drive system, in which an open atmosphere is replaced by an artificial atmosphere made of a compressed air storage tank in which compressed air is stored, the compressed air storage tank and an air chamber 2-4 are directly connected by a contraction tube 2-3, and air directly enters the air chamber or the compressed air storage tank after flowing through a turbine 2-2.
Detailed Description
The oscillating water column type extremely-large load adjustable wave heater comprises various components and parts which can be processed and manufactured by modern industrial manufacturing technology. The magnetic block, the bearing, the ball screw, the planetary roller screw, the motor and the like can be produced by professional manufacturers in a matching way, and other parts can be machined, molded and welded. The air chamber and the shrinkage pipe can be made of concrete or metal structures.
For the oscillating water column type extremely-heavy load adjustable wave heater to be successfully applied, the following conditions must be met: (1) power calibration-a complete test bench is established to complete the calibration of the serialized products. (2) Dynamic balance detection-the rotating part must meet the dynamic balance requirement specified by the relevant standard to achieve the necessary safety and reliability. (3) The control-oscillating water column type extra-large load adjustable wave heater is convenient to use, a control system of the wave heater can be designed to be closed-loop control or open-loop control, and the closed-loop control system is convenient for remote automatic control. (4) Product design-the design is targeted according to the sea state of the specific application area.
The oscillating water column type extra-large load adjustable wave heater has the following use schemes: (1) the design is planned together with the breakwater based on the continental coastline. (2) And planning and designing together with the sea island breakwater based on the sea island shoreline. (3) And planning and designing based on the oil drilling platform. (4) Independently designed, fixed or moored in the sea. (5) The movable oscillating water column type extra-large load adjustable wave heater is formed by combining the design with a ship.

Claims (10)

1. The technical scheme of the oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater is characterized by comprising a maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system and an oscillating water column type wave energy driving system, wherein the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system consists of a rotor, a stator and a heat load adjusting mechanism, one of the rotor and the stator is provided with a magnetic block, the other one of the rotor and the stator is provided with an induction disc or an induction cylinder, the energy conversion is realized by the magnetic coupling generated by the rotor and the stator, the mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, the mechanical energy is generated by an air driving turbine in a compression air chamber when waves are surged or is absorbed by the air driving turbine when the waves are sunk, the heat load adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting a magnetic field coupling gap or a magnetic field coupling area to change the heat load of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system, and the oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater can be used for heating water, air or other heat storage media, the oscillatory water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater can be divided into a disc type oscillatory water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater, a cylinder type oscillatory water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater and a mixed oscillatory water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater according to the position difference of a magnetic coupling surface of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system, the oscillatory water column type wave energy driving system comprises an air chamber, a contraction pipe, a turbine and the like, the air chamber and waves form a closed space, an opening of the air chamber is connected with the contraction pipe, the air in the air chamber is compressed when the waves are surged or the air is sucked when the waves are sunk, the shapes of the air chamber and the contraction pipe are reasonably designed after flow field analysis is carried out according to the sea condition statistical data of specific application positions so as to obtain the best effect, and in order to ensure that the oscillatory water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater can stably, The oscillating water column type wave energy driving system can connect an air chamber and a shrinkage pipe through a pipeline, control valves are arranged at an air outlet of the air chamber, an air inlet of the air chamber, an air outlet and an air inlet, if a one-way valve is adopted, the valve is opened or closed in a self-adaptive way by sensing the change of air pressure, air continuously flows through a turbine to drive the turbine to rotate, the one-way valve can be changed into a remote control valve, pressure data monitored by a pressure sensor in real time is used for closed-loop automatic control, common remote control valve types comprise electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, electro-hydraulic and the like, such as an electric ball valve, an electromagnetic valve and the like, the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system can adopt a scheme of connecting a plurality of gas turbines and the shrinkage pipe in parallel or in series, and can also adopt a scheme of connecting multiple effects in series or connecting multiple effects in parallel, in order to ensure that the oscillating water column type extremely high load adjustable wave energy heater can be stable, Carry out high power output high-efficiently, the adjustable unrestrained heat ware of oscillating water column type very big load can adopt artificial atmospheric environment, artificial atmospheric environment is the compressed air storage tank, the compressed air of certain pressure is stored to inside, replace open atmospheric environment with artificial atmospheric environment, make working medium (as the mobile air of drive turbine) form an independent system, thereby be convenient for entire system's pressure control, in order to make the air in the air chamber of oscillating water column type wave energy actuating system obtain necessary and reliable pressure, guide post and movable sealing plate can add in the air chamber, movable sealing plate moves from top to bottom along the guide post under the effect of wave.
2. The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater of claim 1, wherein a maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is used, and when the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system works, a relative rotating magnetic field and an induced magnetic field exist, the relative rotating magnetic field is generated by an N-pole magnetic block and an S-pole magnetic block which are alternately arranged on a rotor or a stator, the induced magnetic field is generated by induced current generated in an induction disc or an induction cylinder on the stator or the rotor, and the induction disc or the induction cylinder adopts a conductor plate or a conductor cylinder with excellent electrical conductivity.
3. The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater of claim 1, wherein a maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is used, the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system has mutual coupling effect of a relative rotating magnetic field and an induction magnetic field during operation, a magnetic coupling surface is a theoretical assumed neutral surface of mutual coupling of the relative rotating magnetic field and the induction magnetic field, the magnetic coupling surface is positioned between a magnetic block and an induction disc or between the magnetic block and an induction cylinder, the magnetic coupling surface of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system of the disc type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater is perpendicular to a rotor central axis, the magnetic coupling surface of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system of the cylinder type oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater is parallel to the rotor central axis, and the magnetic coupling surfaces of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system of the hybrid oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater are simultaneously arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the rotor central axis In the direction, the magnetic coupling heating system with adjustable maximum load can adopt a group of magnetic coupling surfaces or a plurality of groups of magnetic coupling surfaces connected in series, and can simultaneously adjust the plurality of groups of magnetic coupling surfaces by using a group of thermal load adjusting mechanisms under the condition that the torque of a driving motor of the thermal load adjusting mechanism is allowed.
4. The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater of claim 1, wherein the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is used, the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system adjusts its thermal load by using a thermal load adjusting mechanism, the thermal load adjusting mechanism can use a ball screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism or a planetary roller screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism or a sliding screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism or a grooved cam type thermal load adjusting mechanism, the ball screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism works in a way that the thermal load adjusting mechanism converts a rotary motion into a linear motion by a ball screw assembly, thereby adjusting a magnetic coupling gap or a magnetic coupling area to achieve the purpose of changing the thermal load of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system, and the planetary roller screw assembly is used to replace the ball screw assembly in the ball screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism to form the planetary roller screw type thermal load adjusting mechanism, the sliding screw type heat load adjusting mechanism is formed by using the sliding screw assembly instead of the ball screw assembly in the ball screw type heat load adjusting mechanism, and the grooved cam type heat load adjusting mechanism is formed by using the grooved cam assembly instead of the ball screw assembly in the ball screw type heat load adjusting mechanism.
5. The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater of claim 1, wherein the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is used, the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system adjusts the heat load thereof by using a heat load adjusting mechanism, the heat load adjusting mechanism can use a rack-and-pinion type heat load adjusting mechanism, a manual or electric driving gear drives a rack by a gear, and a stator of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is driven to move linearly, so that the magnetic coupling gap or the magnetic coupling area is adjusted to achieve the purpose of changing the heat load of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system.
6. The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater of claim 1, wherein the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is used, the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system adjusts the thermal load of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system by using a thermal load adjusting mechanism, the thermal load adjusting mechanism can use a rocker slider type thermal load adjusting mechanism, a stator of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is a slider in the thermal load adjusting mechanism, a rocker is driven manually or electrically, and the stator of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is driven by a connecting rod to move linearly, so that a magnetic coupling gap or a magnetic coupling area is adjusted to achieve the purpose of changing the thermal load of the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system.
7. The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system is used, the turbine of the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system is commonly used with a symmetrical wing turbine, an impulse turbine and a reaction turbine, the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system can adopt a steam turbine, the steam turbine is the equipment for generating electricity in the existing power plant and is driven by high-temperature and high-pressure steam, but the steam turbine is driven by compressed air, so the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system can be named as a steam turbine, the working conditions of the two applications are different, in order to enable the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system to work in the optimum rotating speed range, the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system can be additionally provided with a power transmission variable speed system, such as a gearbox, and a braking device of the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system can be arranged on a low-speed shaft, a high-speed shaft or other intermediate shafts of the power transmission variable speed system, the braking device can be in various forms such as a caliper brake, a belt brake and the like.
8. The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system is used, the oscillating water column type wave energy driving system can adopt a scheme of parallel connection or series connection of a plurality of turbines and shrinkage pipes in matching combination, and can also adopt a scheme of multiple-effect series connection or multiple-effect parallel connection, the multiple-effect series connection and the multiple-effect parallel connection schemes are that air exhausted by a previous turbine is taken as inlet air flowing by a subsequent turbine, and the pressure changes step by step, and the multiple-effect series connection and the multiple-effect parallel connection schemes are suitable for an artificial atmosphere environment (the artificial atmosphere environment is a compressed air storage tank, and compressed air with certain pressure is stored inside the artificial atmosphere environment), so that the oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater can stably and efficiently output high power.
9. The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater according to claim 1, wherein the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is used, the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system can use a high-speed rotary conductive joint, the high-speed rotary conductive joint uses a brush and a slip ring as dynamic contact, the brush is internally connected with the slip ring and externally connected with an external power supply, the brush is connected with a wire led out from the motor, the slip ring is embedded in an insulating material to form a static part, and the brush and the slip ring can be reversely arranged and connected with the wire led out from the motor through the brush, the slip ring is internally connected with the slip ring and externally connected with the external power supply.
10. The oscillating water column type maximum load adjustable wave heater of claim 1, wherein a maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system is used, the maximum load adjustable magnetic coupling heating system can use a special high-speed rotary joint for electric speed adjustment, the special high-speed rotary joint for electric speed adjustment is composed of an inner rotor and an outer rotor, the outer rotor is stationary and is used for connecting an external power supply, the inner rotor rotates at a high speed, and current paths of the inner rotor and the outer rotor are based on the principle of electric contact theory.
CN202010253509.2A 2020-03-22 2020-03-22 Oscillating water column type extra-high load adjustable wave heater Pending CN113494411A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010253509.2A CN113494411A (en) 2020-03-22 2020-03-22 Oscillating water column type extra-high load adjustable wave heater

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010253509.2A CN113494411A (en) 2020-03-22 2020-03-22 Oscillating water column type extra-high load adjustable wave heater

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113494411A true CN113494411A (en) 2021-10-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010253509.2A Pending CN113494411A (en) 2020-03-22 2020-03-22 Oscillating water column type extra-high load adjustable wave heater

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Country Link
CN (1) CN113494411A (en)

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